2017届高考模拟试题分类汇编（2）之阅读理解
But dolphins are very different from almost all land animals. Their brain is nearly the same size as our own, and they live a long time --- at least twenty or thirty years.
Like some animals, dolphins use sound to help them find their way around. They also make these sounds to talk to each other and to help them find food. We now know they do not use their ears to receive these sounds, but the lower part of the mouth, called the jaw.
Strangely, dolphins seem to like man, and for thousands of years there have been stories about the dolphin and its friendship with people.
There is a story about sailors in the 19th century. In a dangerous part of the sea off the coast of New Zealand, they learnt to look for a dolphin called Jack. From 1871 to 1903 Jack met every boat in the area and showed it the way. Then in 1903 a passenger on a boat called The Penguin shot and wounded Jack. He recovered and for nine years more continued to guide all ships through the area－except for The Penguin.
Today, some people continue to kill dolphins, but many countries of the world now protect them and in these places it is against the law to kill them.
21. By telling the story of Jack the writer wanted to show that _____.
A. people are cruel to animals
B. dolphins are friendly and clever
C. Jack is different from other dolphins
D. dolphins should be protected by law
22. Dolphins are different from many other animals in that they _____.
A. live in groups
B. have their own language
C. are warm-blooded
D. have large brains
23. Which of the following does the dolphin use to help it find its way around?
A. Its mouth.
B. Its ears.
C. Its nose.
D. Its eyes.
24. Why did the sailors off the coast of New Zealand look for Jack?
A. They wanted his help.
B. They enjoyed playing with him.
C. He was seriously wounded.
D. He was lonely and liked to be with people
【答案】
21.B
22.D
23.A
24.A
22.D细节题：由第一段第五句Their brain is nearly the same size as our own,可知海豚与其他动物最大的不同就是他们的脑子和人类的脑子几乎一样大，故选D。
23.A细节题。由第一段第六句dolphins use sound to help them find their way around.可知海豚是通过声音确定方向的，故选A。
24.A细节题。由第三段Jack met every boat in the area and showed it the way.可知海员们寻找Jack的原因是Jack为这些航船在危险航段指明方向，故选A。
【名师点评】以细节题的考查为主，要求考生准确阅读文章，在确定考查内容所在文章位置的时候，要根据上下文的语义串联来确定答案。
考点：考查说明文阅读
B
The young boy was sitting on the ground in the refugee(难民)camp playing with an empty tin．Other children were standing around watching him with envious eyes．
Envy?
Of an empty tin?
This tin was indeed no worthless piece of trash—it was a splendid truck，complete with wheels and grille(铁栅) and floor．The vehicle even had remote control，a frayed piece of string from the“engine”to the hand of the owner．
The tin had lost all its original markings．But its first load had probably been sardines(沙丁鱼)．Later the tin had been left with other rubbish behind the refugee camp clinic，and the boy had found it on one of his daily expeditions into the“big world”．
For thousands of refugee children，a tin 1ike this rates high on their list of wants．It can be used for many purposes，as jewellery，as a toy，for drinking or as a medicine box．
Many refugee children would consider it the happiest day of their lives if they received a handful of marbles(弹珠) as a present．
They dream of gifts which children in developed countries take for granted．Maybe a book to read．or a pencil and an exercise book of their very own．
Their imagination can create toys，but it cannot create books．Someone else must provide them．A more costly and valuable gift they cannot imagine．
25. How do you think the young boy may feel when he gets something to read?
A. depressed
B. frustrated
C. excited
D. frightened
26．Other children envied the young boy because the boy
．
A． had something to play with
B．got some sardines to eat
C．received a handful of marbles D．had a real truck toy
27．What is implied in the last paragraph of the text?
A．The society should donate(捐)some toys for the refugee children
B．The refugee children are more imaginative rather than creative
C．The refugee children are more creative rather than imaginative
D．The society should offer the refugee children things for study
28．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A．An Enviable Toy Present
B.
Sardine Tin—A Precious Toy
C．A Splendid Truck Toy
D．A Poor Refugee Cam
【答案】
25.C
26.A
27.D
28.B
26.A考查推理判断。根据五、六段可知，难民营中的孩子对于微不足道的“玩具”都视若珍宝。孩子们羡慕他，是因为“有可玩的东西”。
27.D考查细节理解。最后一段“他们的想象力，可以创造的玩具，但它无法创建书籍。其他人必须提供给他们”，可知D项正确。
28.B考查主旨大意。本文讲述了难民营中的孩子对于微不足道的“玩具”都视若珍宝。B项作标题恰当。
【学法指导】
归纳文章中心的关键是抓住文章主线和关键词语。 要注意不是所有的段落都有主题句，有时主题句暗含在句中。阅读这样的文章，就需要自己根据文章的细节来分析，概括出段落的主题，从而推导出文章的主旨。分析的方法是：先弄清该段落主要讲了哪几方面的内容，这些内容在逻辑上有什么联系，然后加以归纳形成主题。28小题B考查主旨大意。本文讲述了难民营中的孩子对于微不足道的“玩具”都视若珍宝。B项作标题恰当。
考点：考查人生感悟类阅读
C
A qualified doctor who rarely practiced but instead devoted his life to writing. He once said: “Medicine is my lawful wife, and literature is my lover.” Russian writer Anton Pavlovich Chekhov, was a great playwright and one of the masters of the modern short story.
When Chekhov entered the Moscow University Medical School in 1879, he started to publish hundreds of comic short stories to support his family. After he graduated, he wrote regularly for a local daily newspaper.
As a writer he was extremely fast, often producing a short story in an hour or less. Chekhov’s medical and science experience can be seen through the indifference (冷漠) many of his characters show to tragic events. In 1892, he became a full time writer and published some of his most memorable stories.
Chekhov often wrote about the sufferings of life in small town Russia. Tragic events control his characters who are filled with feelings of hopelessness and despair.
It is often said that nothing happens in Chekhov’s stories and plays. He made up for this with his exciting technique for developing drama within his characters. Chekhov’s work combined the calm attitude of a scientist and doctor with the sensitivity(敏感) of an artist.
Some of Chekhov's works were translated into Chinese as early as the 1940s. One of his famous stories, The Man in a Shell, about a school teacher’s extraordinarily orderly life, was selected as a text for Chinese senior students.
29. Which of the following is the right order of the events?
a. became a doctor
b. became a full time writer
c. started to publish comic short stories
d. wrote regularly for a local daily newspaper.
e. entered the Moscow University Medical School
A. e→c→b→a→d
B. e→c→a→d→b
C. d→a→b→c→e
D. a→e→d→c→b
30. Anton Pavlovich Chekhov ________.
A. was a competent doctor
B. had a lawful lover
C. used to be a lawyer
D. as an illegal writer
31. In 1880, Chekhov ________.
A. became a full-time writer
B. published his most memorable stories
C. studied medicine in Moscow University
D. practiced medicine in his hometown
32. Which of the following adjectives can’t be used to describe Chekhov?
A. Sensitive.
B. Cool.
C. Quick-minded.
D. Warm-hearted.
【答案】
29.B
30.A
31.C
32.D
【名师点睛】
事实询问题
事实询问题，这类试题通常以疑问词what/who/when/where/why/how引起的特殊问句，就文章中某一词语、某一句子、某一段落或某一具体细节和事实进行提问。解答此类试题首先要弄清题目和每一个选项的含义，然后按题目要求寻找与之相关的细节，正确估计答案来源。同时要注意题目和文章中的暗示作用，特别注意辨别各种信息，确认各种信息。32小题D事实细节题。文中讲到了他的品质有：cool, sensitive (calm attitude of a scientist and doctor with the sensitivity of an artist) , quick-minded (extremely fast, often producing a short story in an hour or less)，但没有涉及到warm-hearted这方面的品质。
考点：考查人物传记类阅读
D
Walt Whitman was born in 1819 in Long Island, New York. Whitman received most of his education outside of the classroom. At the age of eleven, he worked in a law office as an office boy where he became interested in reading. He was soon reading the works of famous authors like William Shakespeare and Homer, and was well on his way to becoming one of America’s most well-known poets.
By the time Whitman was seventeen years old, he had already worked as a printer’s learner, a worker, and a learning games to help his students with spelling and maths. In his early twenties, however, he gave up teaching to pursue (追求) a full-time career as a journalist and poet.
When Walt Whitman first appeared as a poet, his arrival onto the American literary scene was met with controversy. His first collection of poems, Leaves of Grass, was so unusual that no commercial publisher would print the work. In 1855 Whitman published, at his own expense, the first edition of his collection of twelve poems.
Whitman’s poetic style was uncommon I the sense that he wrote poems in a form called parallelism (对句法), in which his goal was to copy the flow of the sea and the quickly-passing nature of human emotion. A common theme in Whitman’s poetry is self-realization. In his work, Whitman moves from conventional patterns of rhyme to create a unique rhythm and a multi-layered, but truly American voice.
“Although Whitman was considered a revolutionary by many, there is little doubt he loved his country deeply.” In his writing, he used slang (俚语) and various images, or voices, to create a sense of national unity.
For Whitman, the “proof of a poet is that his country absorbs him as affectionately as he has absorbed it.” Whitman has undoubtedly become a part of the cultural history and image of America.
33. Paragraph 2 mainly talks about ____________.
A. Whitman’s education
B. Whitman’s early career
C. how Whitman became a poet
D. why Whitman’s poems were popular
34. When Whitman first appeared as a poet, ______________.
A. he received a warm welcome
B. his literary road was not easy
C. he became famous for his unusual style
D. his poetic style was copied by other poets
35. What was Whitman’s greatest literary contribution?
A. He expressed human emotion in his writing.
B. He showed that flow of the sea in his poems.
C. He used slang to show his love for his country.
D. He created a unique rhythm and An American voice.
【答案】
33.B
34.B
35.D
【解析】
试题分析：Whitman作为诗人所做出的贡献。
33.B段落大意题。根据第二段By the time Whitman was seventeen years old, he had already worked as a printer’s learner, a worker, and a learning games to help his students with spelling and maths. 到17岁的时候，他做过印刷工、当过工人和做过一个学习游戏，帮助他的学生拼写和数学。In his early twenties, however, he gave up teaching to pursue (追求) a full-time career as a journalist and poet.然而，在20多岁时，他放弃教学追求一个记者和诗人的全职事业。故选B。
【学法指导】
推理判断题。推理题的答案只能是根据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即对原文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写或综合。推理判断题的题干中通常含infer,suggest,imply,conclude
indicate等标志性词语。34小题B推理判断题。根据第三段第一、二句When Walt Whitman first appeared as a poet, his arrival onto the American literary scene was met with controversy. His first collection of poems, Leaves of Grass, was so unusual that no commercial publisher would print the work. Walt Whitman最初作为诗人出现的时候遭遇争议。他的第一部诗集找不到出版商。故选B。
考点：考查人物传记类阅读
【贵州省铜仁市第一中学2017届高三上学期第一次月考】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A. B. C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
I wish there would be a way to describe China in simple terms but that's impossible. For the most part Chinese people are friendly, easygoing and optimistic. They are curious and unusually patient and they are also the hardestworking people I have ever met.
In China, family is everything. In my English classes when the students were asked what they would do if they only had a few hours to live, most students told me how they would spend their last few hours with their families and parents. Many times the subjects in the classes center on families and friends. I teach many students a year, talking to them freely.
The cost of living here is very low compared with that of the US. The city of Xiang Fan I live in isn't large and I live better. Nonimported(非进口的)foods are very cheap, so are clothing and articles of everyday use. The cost of public transportation is very low, too. Chinese value education. However, it is reported that many children can't afford the expenses of schooling and are forced to leave school in some poor areas in China. But they organized Project Hope many years ago. It creates conditions for the poor children to go back to school. In my opinion, Project Hope is of great importance to the development of the rural education.
When we read news of China in the west, rarely, if ever, will we see anything mentioned of the positive changes China has gone through. While it is true that economic miracles have not reached many areas of China, but we also have the same problems.
When I am asked which country I consider better, China or the US, my answer has always been the same, “We are not worse or better than each other, we are only different.”
21．What does the author think of Chinese people?
A. He thinks most Chinese people hardly work.
B. He thinks most Chinese people are proud.
C. He dislikes most Chinese people.
D. He praises most Chinese people a lot.
22．What is the author doing in China?
A. He is teaching English in a school.
B. He is visiting the places of interest.
C. He is studying in a college.
D. He is on business.
23．What are NOT cheap in China in the author's opinion?
A. Clothes and shoes made in China.
B. Local foods.
C. Imported foods.
D. Public transportation tickets.
24．We can infer from the passage that the author thinks ________.
A. the westerners have got to know China well
B. the progress of China is seldom reported in the US
C. China's economic miracles have appeared everywhere
D. the education in rural areas is never cared about in China
【答案】
21.D
22.A
23.C
24.B
22.A考查细节理解。根据文章第二段中的I teach many students a year，talking to them freely.可知，他在一所学校教英语。故选A。 23.C考查细节理解。根据文章第三段中的Non-imported foods are cheap.可知，非进口的食品便宜，这就意味着进口的食品不便宜。故选C。 24.B考查推理判断。根据文章第四段在的When we read news of China in the west, rarely, if ever, will we see anything mentioned of the positive changes China has gone through.可知，很少看到中国的报道，如果有也是中国经历的积极变化。故选B。
【名师点拨】 推理判断题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的推理判断，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题所涉及的内容可能是文中的某一句话，也可能是某几句话，所以，推理题的答案只能是根据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即对原文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写或综合。推理判断题的题干中通常含infer,suggest,imply,conclude indicate等标志性词语。24小题B考查推理判断。根据文章第四段在的When we read news of China in the west, rarely, if ever, will we see anything mentioned of the positive changes China has gone through.可知，很少看到中国的报道，如果有也是中国经历的积极变化。故选B。
考点：考查记叙文阅读
B
Hank Viscardi was born without legs. He had—not legs but stumps(残肢) that could he fitted with a kind of special boots, People stared at him with cruel interest. Children laughed at him and called him ‘Ape Man’ (猿人) because his arms practically dragged on the ground.
Hank went to school like other boys. His grades were good and he needed only eight years to finish his schooling instead of the usual twelve. After graduating from school, he worked his way through college. He swept floors, waited on table, or worked in one of the college offices. During all this busy life, he had been moving around on his stumps. But one day the doctor told him even the stumps were not going to last much longer. He would soon have to use a wheel chair.
Hank felt himself got cold all over. However, the doctor said there was a chance that he could be fitted with artificial legs(假腿). Finally a leg maker was found and the day came when Hank stood up before the mirror, For the first time he saw himself as he has always wanted to be——a full five feet eight inches tall. By this time he was already 26 years old.
Hank had to learn to use his new legs. Again and again he marched the length of the room , and marched back again. There were times when he fell down on the floor, but he pulled himself up and went back to the endless marching. He went out on the street. He climbed stairs and learned to dance. He built a boat and learned to sail it.
When World War II came , he talked the Red Cross into giving him a job. He took the regular training. he marched and drilled along with the other soldiers. Few knew that he was legless. This was the true story of Hank Viscardi, a man without legs.
25. Children laughed at Hank and called him ‘Ape Man’ because ______.
A. he kept away from them
B. he didn’t talk to them
C. his arms touched the ground when he moved
D. he couldn’t use his arms
26. It can be inferred from the story that five feet eight inches tall is ______.
A. an average height for a fully grown person
B. too tall for an average person
C. too short for an average person
D. none of the above
27. The sentence “he talked the Red Cross into giving him a job” implies that the Red Cross _____.
A. was only glad to give him a job
B. gave him a job because he was a good soldier
C. was not willing to give him a job at first
D. gave him a job after he talked to someone whom he knew in the organization
28. When Hank marched and drilled along with the other soldiers, he ______.
A. did some of the things the other soldiers did
B. did most of the things the other soldiers did
C. did everything the other soldiers did
D. took some special training
【答案】
25.A
26.D
27.D
28.C
【名师点评】本文是讲Hank顽强的生活，虽然残疾，但一直克服困难战胜困难。做题时，考生要根据题目到文中找到相应的信息句，再进行句意理解，必要时还要推理。
考点：考查人物传记类短文
C
Some people think that they will get ill if they use their brains (大脑) too much. It is not true. Through many studies, scientists show us that the more you use your brains, the better it will be, and the cleverer you will become.
Of course, if you want to keep your mind clear and active, you must take a proper rest and study properly. To the teenagers, using their brains in the morning is good for their health.
There are many ways to rest. One is a peaceful rest. Sleep is a peaceful rest. Another is an active rest. For example, take a walk outdoors, do more exercise every day. To change the way of the brains’ activities is also a good way to rest.
In everyday life, to eat some eggs, meat, fresh vegetables and fruit is also good for the brains.
Wish you a wise man and a happy life.
According to the writer of the passage, our brains should be used ____.
A. hardly
B. more often
C. seldom
D. at times
Which of the following sentences is not true?
A. Sleep is a kind of a good rest.
B. There are different activities for a good rest.
C. Going out for a rest is an active rest.
D. Doing morning exercises is a peaceful rest.
Which is true?
A. The brains will be better if they are used often.
B. Fruits are the most important for the brains.
C. Illness comes from the fact the brains are used too much.
D. Sleep is the only way of having a rest.
Which of the following can be used as the best title for the passage?
A.How to rest
B.How to use your brains
C. How to become a wise man
D. Keep your mind clearww
【答案】
29.B
30.D
31.A
32.B
31.A主旨题：从第一段的句子：Through many researches, scientists show us that the more you use your brains, the better they will be, and the wiser you will become.可知经常使用大脑会更聪明。选A。
32.B主旨题：文章主要谈的是怎么使用大脑。选B。
【名师点评】本文介绍了怎样让大脑保持情绪积极的状态，注重考查细节和快速阅读的能力，文章的篇幅很短，但是考查的点很细，要求学生的阅读的时候不放过任何细节，也要抓住文章的大意。
考点：考查议论文阅读
D
Scientists around the world have been studying the warming of waters in the Pacific Ocean known as El Nino. The appearance of El Nino is known to affect the weather around the world. Scientists still do not completely understand it. Yet they now find they can use it to tell about the future in different areas of the world.
One example is the work of two scientists at Columbia University in New York, Mark Cane and Gordon Eshel. A scientist of Zimbabwe（津巴布韦）, Roger Buckland worked with them. They have found that when El Nino appears, Zimbabwe has little or no rain. This means corn crops in
Zimbabwe are poor. The last El Nino was in 1991 to 1993. That was when southeastern Africa suffered a serious lack of rain.
The scientists wrote about their recent work in the publication Nature. Their computer program can tell when an El Nino will develop up to a year before it does. They suggest that this could provide an effective early warning system for southern Africa, and could prevent many people from starving.
33. El Nino is known as _______.
A. the changing of the weather in southern Africa
B. the weather which brings drought（旱灾）to Africa
C. the warming of waters in the Pacific Ocean
D. the weather phenomenon that brings heavy rains to Africa
34. Scientists study El Nino in order that ______.
A. they can put all this information into their computers.
B. they can tell why Zimbabwe has little or no rain
C. they can do some research work in this field.
D. they can provide a kind of early warning to the place that will suffer from drought
35. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Scientists come to understand how El Nino appears.
B. Three scientists from the USA work on this subject.
C. El Nino has something to do with Zimbabwe’s poor crops.
D. Southern Africa suffered a serious drought and many people died from hunger.
【答案】
33.C
34.D
35.C
【名师点睛】
在细节考查题中有一类事实细节题 。该题属于细节类型的阅读理解题，一般只针对某个特定的细节，题型可以多种多样。此类题型一般分两种。第一种是直接理解题，在原文中可以直接找到答案。第二种是词义转换题，正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的转换。做此类试题一定要抓住事件发生的时间、地点、人物、发展过程和结局等环节，所选答案一定要符合原文，切不可望文生义。34小题D细节理解题。根据文章最后一句话可知，研究的目的是早想良策预防挨饿情况的发生。选D。
考点：考查科技类阅读
【重庆市第一中学2017届高三上学期开学摸底考试】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项
A
Geneva（日内瓦） Tourist Guide
* Universal compact app for iPhone 6 / iPhone 6 Plus / iPhone 5 / iPhone / iPod / iPad GENEVA TOURIST GUIDE with attractions, museums, restaurants, bars, hotels, theatres and shops with traveler reviews and ratings, pictures, rich travel information, prices and opening hours.
Discover what's on and places to visit in Geneva with our new cool app. It will guide you to top attractions and shopping malls, and tell you directions to hotels, bars, and restaurants. This is an all-in-one app for all the local attractions. Our travel guide to Geneva features up-to-date information on attractions, hotels, restaurants, shopping, nightlife, travel tips and more.
Highlights :
◆ Geneva Information -- Overview, climate, geography, history and travel
◆ Attractions -- Ancient sites, beaches, botanical gardens, coffee farms, museums, scenic drives, towns, waterfalls, religious and historical sites, etc.
◆ Hotels -- From luxury hotels to budget accommodations, including reviews, price comparison, address and more.
◆ Map -- It is an interactive map and get turn-by-turn driving directions. Find traffic details, road conditions, street maps, multi map, satellite photos, and aerial maps. Allow you to easily search and find local businesses with directions.
◆ Gallery -- Picture galleries of Geneva's most beautiful sights, interesting events, unusual occasions and more.
◆ POI Search -- Search everything at Geneva.
Enter any keyword or name to search. Find Name, address, distance, route map, call, and directions to every business location.
◆ Translator - Supports 52 languages, Large text Translation.
◆ World Clock - All major cities of the world (1000 Cities).
21. What is Geneva Tourist Guide?
A. An app
B. A book
C. A map
D. An advertisement
22. Geneva Tourist Guide provides tourists with all the following help except ______.
A. to discover what's on and places to visit in Geneva
B. to guide tourists to top attractions and shopping malls
C. to offer latest information on attractions in Geneva
D. to help tourists make friends with Geneva locals
23. Which of the following is not among highlights of Geneva Tourist Guide?
A. Information about both expensive and cheap hotels in Geneva
B. Chances to visit Geneva galleries without paying any money
C. A search system that can find everything at Geneva
D. Being able to be used by tourists from all over the world
【答案】
21.A
22.D
23.B
22.D细节理解题。根据第二段中Discover what's on and places to visit in Geneva with our new cool app. 用新酷应用发现发生的事情和拜访的地方；It will guide you to top attractions and shopping malls, 它将引导你到顶级的景点和购物中心；Our travel guide to Geneva features up-to-date information on attractions, 我们的日内瓦旅游指南具有最新的景点信息，根据以上内容可排除A/B/C，故选D。
23.B细节理解题。根据Hotels -- From luxury hotels to budget accommodations, including reviews, price comparison, address and more. 排除A；POI Search -- Search everything at Geneva. 排除C；World Clock - All major cities of the world (1000 Cities).排除D，只有B项未提到，故选B。
【学法指导】
阅读理解中的事实询问题
事实询问题，这类试题通常以疑问词what/who/when/where/why/how引起的特殊问句，就文章中某一词语、某一句子、某一段落或某一具体细节和事实进行提问。解答此类试题首先要弄清题目和每一个选项的含义，然后按题目要求寻找与之相关的细节，正确估计答案来源。同时要注意题目和文章中的暗示作用，特别注意辨别各种信息，确认各种信息。21小题A细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句Universal compact app for iPhone 6 / iPhone 6 Plus / iPhone 5 / iPhone / iPod / iPad GENEVA TOURIST GUIDE with attractions,可知Geneva Tourist Guide是An app，故选A。
考点：考查旅游广告类阅读
B
On the broad landing between Miss Havisham's own room and that other room in which the long table was laid out, I saw a garden chair -- a light chair on wheels that you pushed from behind. It had been placed there since my last visit, and that same day I pushed Miss Havisham in this chair (when she was tired of walking with her hand upon my shoulder) round her own room, and across the landing and round the other room, which, from that day on, became my regular job.
As we began to be more used to one another, Miss Havisham talked more to me, and asked me such questions as what had I learnt and what was I going to be? I told her I was going to be apprenticed(做学徒) to Joe, my sister’s husband; then I explained my knowing nothing and wanting to know everything, in the hope that she might offer some help. But, she did not; on the contrary, she seemed to prefer my being ignorant. Neither did she ever give me any money - or anything but my daily dinner - nor even mentioned that I should be paid for my services.
Estella was always about, and always let me in and out, but never told me I might kiss her again. Sometimes, she would coldly tolerate me; sometimes, she would be seemingly kind to me; sometimes, she would be quite familiar with me; sometimes, she would tell me energetically that she hated me. Miss Havisham would often ask me in a whisper, or when we were alone, “Does she grow prettier and prettier, Pip?” And when I said yes, Miss Havisham would seem to enjoy it greedily. Also, when we played at cards Miss Havisham would look on Estella's moods, whatever they were. And sometimes, when her moods were so many and so contradictory of one another that I was puzzled what to say or do, Miss Havisham would hold her tightly with great fondness, saying something quietly in her ear that sounded like “Break their hearts my pride and hope, break their hearts and have no mercy!”
24. What did Pip regularly do at Miss Havisham’s home?
A. He placed the garden chair on the broad landing. B. He walked with Estella’s hand upon his shoulder.
C. He learned knowledge from Miss Havisham.
D. He pushed Miss Havisham in the wheel chair.
25. What can we infer from the second paragraph?
A. Pip was excited to learn from Joe, his sister’s husband.
B. Pip desired to improve his present situation.
C. Miss Havisham felt sorry about Pip’s being ignorant.
D. Miss Havisham helped Pip by paying for his services for her.
26. What’s Estella’s attitude towards Pip?
A. Changeable
B. Sincere
C. Warm-hearted
D. Indifferent
27. Miss Havisham held Estella tightly because _______.
A. she wanted to blame Estella for hurting Pip.
B. she felt worried about Estella’s moods.
C. she thought Estella did something right.
D. she treated Estella like her own daughter.
【答案】
24.D
25.B
26.A
27.C
25.B推理判断题。根据第二段第二句I told her I was going to be apprenticed(做学徒) to Joe, my sister’s husband; then I explained my knowing nothing and wanting to know everything, in the hope that she might offer some help.我告诉她我想做学徒，我解释说我什么都不知道，我想知道一切，希望她提供一些帮助。可知Pip想改善目前的状况。故选B。
26.A推理判断题。根据第三段中Sometimes, she would coldly tolerate me; sometimes, she would be seemingly kind to me; sometimes, she would be quite familiar with me; sometimes, she would tell me energetically that she hated me. ---And sometimes, when her moods were so many根据文中的有时候----；有时候----；有时候----；有时候----，和有时候-----，可知Estella对 Pip的态度是“不定的，易变的”。故选A。
27.C推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句when we played at cards Miss Havisham would look on Estella's moods, whatever they were. Miss Havisham 总是看Estella 的情绪，无论它们是什么；And sometimes, when her moods were so many and so contradictory of one another that I was puzzled what to say or do, Miss Havisham would hold her tightly with great fondness, saying something quietly in her ear that sounded like “Break their hearts my pride and hope, break their hearts and have no mercy!”我对Estella说的话和做的事感到疑惑，Miss Havisham总是深情地紧紧抱住她，静静地在她耳边----，可知她认为Estella做的事情是正确的。故选C。
【名师点拨】 推理判断题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的推理判断，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题所涉及的内容可能是文中的某一句话，也可能是某几句话，所以，推理题的答案只能是根据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即对原文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写或综合。推理判断题的题干中通常含infer,suggest,imply,conclude indicate等标志性词语。 这种题型主要包括细节判断题、态度观点推断题、写作意图推断题、文章出处判断题和猜测想象推断题。25小题B推理判断题。根据第二段第二句I told her I was going to be apprenticed(做学徒) to Joe, my sister’s husband; then I explained my knowing nothing and wanting to know everything, in the hope that she might offer some help.我告诉她我想做学徒，我解释说我什么都不知道，我想知道一切，希望她提供一些帮助。可知Pip想改善目前的状况。故选B。
考点：考查故事类阅读
C
According to a survey, only 4% of the people in the world are left-handed. Why? One theory centers on the two halves of the brain. For example, the left half and the right half, each of which functions differently. Medical science believes that the left half of the brain dominates over the right half. The foundation of this theory is the fact that nerves from the brain cross over at neck-level to the opposite side of the body, and nerves from the other side of the brain reciprocate (互换). The end result is that the opposite sides of the body are controlled by the opposite sides of the brain.
The dominant left half of the brain, which kindly supplies the right half of the body, theoretically makes it more skillful in reading, writing, speaking, and working, and makes most people right-handed. Lefties, however, whose right half of the brain dominates, work best with the left side of their bodies.
Theory number two focuses on the asymmetrical nature of the body. Examples of the asymmetry, which flows from head to toe, are that the right side of our faces differs slightly from the left, that our legs differ in strength, or that our feet vary in size. One aspect of this asymmetry is that for most people the right hand is stronger than the left.
There is no doubt that all exist in a “right-handed society”, which produces most basics, including scissors, doorknobs, locks, screwdrivers, automobiles, buttons on clothing, and musical instruments for the 96%. Left-handed people make up for the unfairness by being members of an elite (精英) society, which includes many of the greatest geniuses, including Michelangelo and Leonardo da Vinci.
28. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Left-handed people are better at speaking
B. Left-handed people are believed to have stronger left halves of the brains
C. Right-handed people are cleverer than left-handed people
D. Right-handed people work best with the right side of their bodies
29. Which of the words or phrases is closest in meaning to the word “asymmetrical”?
A. valuable
B. not typical
C. not balanced
D. negative
30. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. Left-handed people may feel inconvenient in this right-handed society
B. This is an equal society for the left-handed people
C. Most great geniuses are left-handed
D. Left-handed people are considered to be disabled
31. What’s the best title for the passage?
A. Which proves to be the better way to live, right-handed or left-handed?
B. How do left-handed people differ from right-handed ones?
C. Why are some people left-handed?
D. Are left-handed people equally treated in society?
【答案】
28.D
29.C
30.A
31.C
29.C词义猜测题。根据第三段
Theory number two focuses on the asymmetrical nature of the body. Examples of the asymmetry, which flows from head to toe, are that the right side of our faces differs slightly from the left, that our legs differ in strength, or that our feet vary in size. One aspect of this asymmetry is that for most people the right hand is stronger than the left.根据空格后面的内容：我们的脸右边稍微和左边不同，我们的腿在力量上不同，脚的大小也不同，多数人右手比左手更有力量。可知划线的意思是：不对称。故选C。
30.A推理判断题。根据最后一段中There is no doubt that all exist in a “right-handed society”, Left-handed people make up for the unfairness by being members of an elite (精英) society,毫无疑问所有的事情都存在于“右手的社会”。左手的人通过成为精英社会的成员弥补这一不公平。可知左手的人在右手的社会里会感觉不适应。故选A。
31.C主旨大意题。根据文章第一段前三句According to a survey, only 4% of the people in the world are left-handed. Why? One theory centers on the two halves of the brain.世界上只有4%的人用左手，为什么？理论集中在：大脑分左半脑和右半脑。可知C符合题意。为什么有的人是左手？
Theory number two focuses on the asymmetrical nature of the body. Examples of the asymmetry, which flows from head to toe, are that the right side of our faces differs slightly from the left, that our legs differ in strength, or that our feet vary in size. One aspect of this asymmetry is that for most people the right hand is stronger than the left.根据空格后面的内容：我们的脸右边稍微和左边不同，我们的腿在力量上不同，脚的大小也不同，多数人右手比左手更有力量。可知划线的意思是：不对称。故选C。
考点：考查说明文阅读
D
Is beauty something always positive? Almost everyone thinks attractive people are happier and healthier, have better marriages and have more respectable jobs. Personal advisors give them better advice for finding jobs. Even judges are softer on attractive defendants. But in the executive（主管的） circle, beauty can become a disadvantage.
While attractiveness is a positive factor for a man on his way up the executive ladder, it is harmful to a woman. Handsome male executives were considered having more honesty than plainer men; effort and ability were thought to lead to their success. Attractive female executives were considered to have less honesty than unattractive ones; their success was connected not with ability but with factors such as luck.
All unattractive women executives were thought to have more honesty and to be more capable than the attractive female executives. Why are attractive women not thought to be able? An attractive woman has an advantage in traditionally female jobs, but an attractive woman in a traditionally manly position appears to lack the manly qualities required.
This is true even in politics, “When the only clue is how he or she looks, people treat men and women differently, ” says Anne Bowman, who recently published a study on the effects of attractiveness on political candidates（候选人）. She asked 125 college students to rank two groups of photographs, one of men and one of women, in order of attractiveness. The students were told the photographs were of candidates for political offices. They were asked to rank them again, in the order they would vote for them.
The results showed that attractive males completely defeated unattractive men, but the women who had ranked most attractive unchangeably received the fewest votes.
32. In traditionally female jobs, attractiveness ________.
A. makes women look more honest and capable
B. strengthens the manly qualities required
C. often enables women to succeed quickly
D. is of no importance to women
33. Bowman’s experiment shows that when it comes to politics, attractiveness _____.
A. turns out to be a disadvantage to men
B. has as little effect on men as on women
C. affects men and women alike
D. is more of a disadvantage than an advantage to women
34. According to the passage, people’s views on beauty are often _____.
A. practical
B. one – sided
C. old fashioned
D. supportive
35. The passage is mainly about _____.
A. the advantages of being attractive
B. the disadvantages of being attractive
C. equal rights for women
D. the importance of appearance
【答案】
32.C
33.D
34.B
35.B
【解析】
试题分析：本文主要讨论漂亮的女性在行政管理和政治领域的劣势。
32.C推理判断题。根据第三段中的“an attractive woman has an advantage in traditionally female jobs.”可推断出，在传统的女性工作中，漂亮可以使女性能够很快成功。选D。
【名师点睛】
抓住文章主线和关键词语是归纳文章中心的关键。要注意不是所有的段落都有主题句，有时主题句暗含在句中。阅读这样的文章，就需要自己根据文章的细节来分析，概括出段落的主题，从而推导出文章的主旨。分析的方法是：先弄清该段落主要讲了哪几方面的内容，这些内容在逻辑上有什么联系，然后加以归纳形成主题。35小题B主旨大意题。结合全文可知，本文主要讨论漂亮的女性在行政管理和政治领域的劣势。选B。
考点：考查社会现象类阅读
【重庆市育才中学2017届高三上学期入学考试】 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Homestay provides English language students with the opportunity to speak English outside the classroom and the experience of being part of a British home.
What to Expect The host will provide accommodation and meals. Rooms will be cleaned and bedcovers changed at least once a week. You will be given the house key and the host is there to offer help and advice as well as to take an interest in your physical and mental health. Accommodation Zones Homestays are located in London mainly in Zones 2, 3 and 4 of the transport system. Most hosts do not live in the town centre as much of central London is commercial and not residential(居住的). Zones 3 and 4 often offer larger accommodation in a less crowded area. It is very convenient to travel in London by Underground.
Meal Plans Available ◇ Continental Breakfast ◇ Breakfast and Dinner ◇ Breakfast, Packed Lunch and Dinner
It's important to note that few English families still provide a traditional cooked breakfast. Your accommodation includes Continental Breakfast which normally consists of fruit juice, cereal, bread and tea or coffee. Cheese, fruit and cold meat are not normally part of a Continental Breakfast in England. Dinners usually consist of meat or fish with vegetables followed by dessert, fruit and coffee. Friends
If you wish to invite a friend over to visit, you must first ask your host's permission. You have no right to entertain friends in a family home as some families feel it is an invasion of their privacy. Self-Catering (自助的)Accommodation in Private Homes
Accommodation on a room only basis includes shared kitchen and bathroom facilities and often a main living room. This kind of accommodation offers an independent lifestyle and is more suitable for the long stay student. However, it does not provide the same family atmosphere as an ordinary homestay and may not benefit those who need to practice English at home quite as much. 21. The passage is probably written for________.
A. hosts willing to receive foreign students
B. foreigners hoping to build British culture
C. travelers planning to visit families in London
D. English learners applying to live in English homes 22. Which of the following will the host provide?
A. Room cleaning.
B. Medical care.
C. Free transport.
D. Physical training. 23. What can be inferred from Paragraph 3?
A. Zone 4 is more crowded than Zone 2.
B. Accommodation in the city center is not provided.
C. Hosts dislike travelling to the city center.
D. The business center of London is in Zone 1. 24. Why do some people choose self-catering accommodation?
A. To enrich their knowledge of English.
B. To enjoy much more freedom.
C. To entertain friends as they like.
D. To experience a warmer family atmosphere.
【答案】
21.D
22.A
23.D
24.B
22.A细节题。根据文章第二段第一行Rooms will be cleaned and bedcovers changed at least once a week.可知打扫房间是对方提供的服务之一。故A正确。
23.D推理判断题。根据第三段中Homestays are located in London mainly in Zones 2, 3 and 4 of the transport system. 寄宿家庭位于伦敦，主要在运输系统的2区，3区和4区。Most hosts do not live in the town centre as much of central London is commercial and not residential(居住的). 大多数主人都不住在镇中心，伦敦中心的大部分是商业区，而不是住宅区。可知伦敦商业中心在1区。故选D。
24.B推理题。根据文章最后一段This kind of accommodation offers an independent lifestyle and is more suitable for the long-stay student.可知Self-Catering Accommodation是一种很独立的homestay的方式，自己照顾自己，能够给自己足够的自由。故B正确。
【名师点拨】 推理判断题。推理判断题所涉及的内容可能是文中的某一句话，也可能是某几句话，所以，推理题的答案只能是根据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即对原文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写或综合。推理判断题的题干中通常含infer,suggest,imply,conclude indicate等标志性词语。 这种题型主要包括细节判断题、态度观点推断题、写作意图推断题、文章出处判断题和猜测想象推断题。23小题D推理判断题。根据第三段中Homestays are located in London mainly in Zones 2, 3 and 4 of the transport system. 寄宿家庭位于伦敦，主要在运输系统的2区，3区和4区。Most hosts do not live in the town centre as much of central London is commercial and not residential(居住的). 大多数主人都不住在镇中心，伦敦中心的大部分是商业区，而不是住宅区。可知伦敦商业中心在1区。故选D。
考点：考查教育类短文阅读
B
My 17-year-old daughter went off to college and having her away from home brought back memories of watching Peter Pan when she was little. In the classic TV production, one scene in particular impressed me: when Mrs. Darling puts her children into bed. As she turns off the last of the night light, she takes one last look at the bedroom and says, “Dear night lights, protect my sleeping children.” As a mother, I know how much she loves her children.
It has been several weeks since we took our daughter to college and she seems to be adjusting
well after a short period of homesickness. For us, though, it’s another story. Like most parents, I love checking in on my children at night. But now she’s gone, and I find night times the hardest. I miss her most at night.
In my neighborhood, most of the parents whose kids are off to college are dealing with similar melancholy. My husband is filled with anxiety. One friend talked about getting this sick feeling in her stomach as she prepared for the college drop-off. We complained that many of us were too busy to truly enjoy being with our children while we had them.
For us moms, seeing Toy Story 3 only made the sadness worse as we watched the character Andy, who is the same age as our kids, say goodbye to his childhood as he prepares to leave for college. And it’s not just “first-time” parents like me. Two moms who have kids already well into college said the separation didn’t get any easier. “You feel like something has been taken away from inside you” said one of them.
I imagine things will get easier with time, especially as I see my daughter adjust to college life. Meanwhile, as I keep my cell phone close to me in bed and text my daughter goodnight and sweet dreams every night, I like to think that messages serve as a night light that keeps her safe.
25. The writer was deeply impressed by the scene in Peter Pan because ________.
A. the scene showed a mother’s deep love for her children
B. the scene was very exciting and interesting
C. the scene taught her and her daughter a good lesson
D. she watched the scene with her daughter
26. After her daughter went to college, the writer ________.
A. realized she hadn’t done enough for her daughter
B. often cried as she missed her daughter so much
C. didn’t get used to the change for a long time
D. failed to have a good sleep every night
27. What is the underlined word “melancholy” in Paragraph 3 similar in meaning to?
A. Happiness.
B. Anger.
C. Excitement.
D. Sadness.
28. According to the last paragraph, why did the writer keep her cell phone close to her in bed?
A. To call her daughter any time.
B. To wait for her daughter’s calls.
C. To wait for her daughter’s messages.
D. To say good night to her daughter.
【答案】
25.A
26.C
27.D
28.D
27.D猜测词义题。由上下文可知孩子离家，父母都感觉难过。所以这个词应该是表示难受。故选D。
28.D推理题。根据最后一段中as I keep my cell phone close to me in bed and text my daughter goodnight and sweet dreams every night, I like to think that messages serve as a night light that keeps her safe.给我女儿发短信，问晚安，每晚做一个甜美的梦。我认为每晚的一个短信能保持她的安全。故选D。
【学法指导】
近年来全国统一高考中加大了对考生猜词义能力的考查，因此，掌握一定的猜词技巧，对突破高考阅读理解、提高我们的英语语言能力都有非常重要的意义。利用语境（各种已知信息）推测、判断某些生词的词义。做这种类型的题，要根据词、词组、句子所在的语境来判断其意义。我们要特别注意熟词生义，切不可脱离。境想当然。在句子或段落中，我们可以利用熟悉的词语，根据语言环境所表示的关系推断生词词义27小题D猜测词义题。由上下文可知孩子离家，父母都感觉难过。所以这个词应该是表示难受。故选D。
考点：考查记叙文阅读
C
A machine that takes sweat-laden (浸满汗水的) clothes and turns the sweat into drinking water is in use in Sweden. The machine makes the clothes turn round quickly, heats them to remove the sweat, and then passes the steam through a kind of special material to make purified water.
Since it has been brought into use, its creators say more than 1000 people have drunk others’ “sweat” in Gothenburg. They add the liquid is cleaner than local tap water.
The device was built for the United Nations’ child-focused charity UNICEF to promote a campaign highlighting the fact that 780 million people in the world lack access to clean water.
The machine was designed and built by the engineer Andreas Hammar, known locally for his appearances on TV tech show “Mekatronik”. He said the key part of the sweat machine was a new water purification part developed by a company named HVR.
“It uses a technique called membrane distillation (膜蒸馏),” he told the BBC. “We use a special kind of material that only lets steam through but keeps bacteria, salts, clothing fibers and other things out. They have something similar to the International Space Station, but our machine is cheaper to build. The amount of water it produces depends on how sweaty the person is, but one person’s T-shirt typically produces 10ml, about a mouthful.”
The device has been put on show at the Gothia Cup-the world’s largest international youth football tournament. Mattias Ronge, chief executive of Stockholm-based advertising agency Deportivo, said the machine had helped raise awareness for UNICEF, but in reality had its limitations.
“People haven’t produced as much sweat as we hoped – right now the weather in Gothenburg is lousy,” Mattias Ronge said. “So we’ve equipped the machine with exercise bikes and volunteers are cycling like crazy. Even so, the demand for sweat is greater than the supply. And the machine will never be produced in large numbers, since there are better solutions out there such as water purifying pills.”
29. Which of the following is the disadvantage of the sweat machine?
A. It takes too long for the machine to produce water.
B. The amount of water the machine produces is rather limited.
C. It costs a large amount of money to build the machine.
D. The water processed by the machine is not clean enough.
30. UNICEF is mentioned in the text to ________.
A. show how the sweat machine works
B. explain why the sweat machine was invented
C. show the importance of the United Nations
D. tell us who invented the sweat machine
31. What did Mattias Ronge think of the sweat machine?
A. It could only be used in summer.
B. It did not work at all.
C. It was not worth popularizing.
D. The water it produced tasted sweet.
32. The text is written mainly to tell us that ______________.
A. a machine which turns sweat into drinking water is invented
B. 780 million people in the world lack access to clean water
C. a better solution to purifying dirty water is discovered
D. the pill which turns dirty water into clean water is produced
【答案】
29.B
30.B
31.C
32.A
【解析】
试题分析：本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一种能将汗液转化为饮用水的机器。
29.B细节理解题。由第五段中的The amount of water it produces depends on ... just about a mouthful可知，这台机器的产水量太少了，故选B项。
30.B细节理解题。由第三段的内容可知，作者在文中之所以提到UNICEF是因为这台机器是为UNICEF所组织的一个活动而设计制造的。故选B。
【细节理解题】
细节题的破解一般采用寻读法，即先看试题，再读文章。对有关信息进行快速定位，再将相关信息进行整合、甄别、分析、对比，有根有据地排除干扰项，选出正确答案。寻读法还特别适用于对图形表格类题材的理解。做此类型的题目还要特别注意句子的逻辑关系。英语中有许多功能词，如：表因果关系的because, since, as等；表转折关系的but, however ,on the contrary, on the other hand等等。29小题B细节理解题。由第五段中的The amount of water it produces depends on ... just about a mouthful可知，这台机器的产水量太少了，故选B项。
考点：考查科技类阅读
D
“Cleverness is a gift while kindness is a choice. Gifts are easy – they’re given after all. Choices can be hard.” –– Jeff Bezos.
I got the idea to start Amazon 16 years ago. I came across the fact that the Internet usage was growing at 2,300 percent per year. I’d never seen or heard of anything that grew that fast, and the idea of building an online bookstore with millions of titles was very exciting to me. I had just turned 30 years old, and I’d been married for a year. I told my wife MacKenzie that I wanted to quit my job and go to do this crazy thing that probably wouldn’t work since most start-ups don’t, and I wasn’t sure what to expect. MacKenzie told me I should go for it. As a young boy, I’d been a garage inventor. I’d always wanted to be an inventor, and she wanted me to follow my passion.
I was working at a financial firm in New York City with a bunch of very smart people, and I had a brilliant boss that I much admired. I went to my boss and told him I wanted to start a company selling books on the Internet. He took me on a long walk in Central Park, listened carefully to me, and finally said, “That sounds like a really good idea, but it would be an even better idea for someone who didn’t already have a good job.” That logic made some sense to me, and he convinced me to think about it for 48 hours before making a final decision. Seen in that light, it really was a difficult choice, but ultimately, I decided I had to give it a shot. I didn’t think I’d regret trying and failing. And I suspected I would always be haunted by a decision to not try at all.
After much consideration, I took the less safe path to follow my passion, and I’m proud of that choice. For all of us, in the end, we are our choices.
33.What inspired the author with the idea of building an online bookstore?
A. The greatly increasing usage of the Internet.
B. The support of his wife.
C. His dream of being an inventor.
D. Millions of exciting titles. 34.We can know from the passage that _______.
A. the boss thought the idea was suitable for the author
B. the author might not regret if he failed the idea
C. the author wanted someone else to try the idea
D. the author might go back to his boss if he failed 35.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A. Cleverness and Kindness
B. The Starting of Amazon
C. We Are What We Choose
D. Following My Passion
【答案】
33.A
34.B
35.C
33.A细节理解题。根据第二段“I came across the fact that the Internet usage was growing at 2,300 percent per year. I’d never seen or heard of anything that grew that fast, and the idea of building an online bookstore with millions of titles was very exciting to me.”可知，互联网的迅速发展让作者感到吃惊，也让作者萌生了创建一个网络书店的想法，故选A。 34.B推理判断题。根据第三段“I decided I had to give it a shot. I didn’t think I’d regret trying and failing.”可知，作者认为自己将不会为尝试和失败感到后悔。故选B。 35.C主旨大意题。根据最后一段“After much consideration, I took the less safe path to follow my passion, and I’m proud of that choice. For all of us, in the end, we are our choices.”可知，作者把自己的热情付诸了实践，并且获得了成功。是我们的选择人才成就了我们每一个人。故选C。
【名师点拨】
如何归纳文章中心
要注意不是所有的段落都有主题句，有时主题句暗含在句中。阅读这样的文章，就需要自己根据文章的细节来分析，概括出段落的主题，从而推导出文章的主旨。分析的方法是：先弄清该段落主要讲了哪几方面的内容，这些内容在逻辑上有什么联系，然后加以归纳形成主题。35小题C主旨大意题。根据最后一段“After much consideration, I took the less safe path to follow my passion, and I’m proud of that choice. For all of us, in the end, we are our choices.”可知，作者把自己的热情付诸了实践，并且获得了成功。是我们的选择人才成就了我们每一个人。故选C。
考点：考查人物传记类阅读
【河南省鹤壁市高级中学2017届高三上学期周练】阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
AThe stories we share with one another are important. They show wisdom and provide inspiration. They are important to our development. But sometimes people choose not to tell.
Consider the negative effects of not sharing a story in the news: People are wondering if public health officials are holding back too much information about the recent outbreak of Ebola.
There is a danger in holding back stories that ought to be told. Bobette Buster said it like this, “The fact is, history has shown us that stories not told can become like a dangerous genie (妖怪) left in a bottle. When they are finally uncorked, their power to destroy is set free.”
There are a number of reasons why we hide parts of our story: they often show our weaknesses or expose our disadvantages; they require courage and strength to share; and of course, there are some stories that should be kept secret—especially those that embarrass someone else.
Most of us have two selves: the one we display on the outside and the one we actually are on the inside. And the better we get at hiding the stories that show our true selves, the more damage we may be causing to ourselves and to others.
Honesty and openness is important: It proves we are trustworthy. It displays we are human. We are not perfect or better. It highlights the importance of hard work and personal development. Hard work may not allow us to overcome our disadvantages completely. But with hard work, we do not have to be restricted to our mistakes.
Does this mean we admit every weakness, every disadvantage, and every secret regret to everybody we meet? No, of course not. There is a time and a place and a certain level of relationship necessary for some stories to be told in an appropriate manner.
1.What’s the function of the example in Paragraph 2?
A. It reflects that people are concerning about the spread of Ebola.
B. It shows the bad effect caused by sharing a story.
C. It proves not sharing a story can cause trouble.
D. It concludes that one should share a story at a proper time.
2. One of the reasons why people are unwilling to share experiences is that _______.
A. story-sharing highlights the importance of hard work
B. people are used to exposing their weaknesses
C. people sometimes have no courage to share their stories
D. some stories make themselves feel uneasy
3. Which is close in meaning to the underlined word “uncorked” in Paragraph 3?
A. freed
B. broken
C. unfolded
D. untouched
4.The writer aims to convince us to _______.
A. be open to people close to you by sharing some secrets
B. share stories appropriately for the good of others and ourselves
C. remove the dangers that can be caused by untold stories
D. realize the importance of being honest when making friends
【答案】
1.C
2.C
3.A
4.B
3.A猜测词义题。这里将被封锁的消息比作装在瓶子里的妖怪，一旦将瓶子打开，它们的破坏力就会被释放出来。由此可知答案为A项。
4.B推理判断题。通读全文尤其是第五段中的第二句“And the better we get at hiding the stories that show our true selves, the more damage we may be causing to ourselves and to others.”及文章最后一句可知作者写这篇文章的目的是说服我们为了自己和他人应适当分享自己的经历。
在做阅读理解题过程中，应首先略读一下短文，了解一下短文的大致意思，然后把题干看明白知道里面的关键词，把几个选项含义理解透，尤其注意意思相近，表达有交叉的选项之间的区别。然后再细读短文，找到根据，把答案填入合适位置。答题时可以把含义相近的几个选项轮流填入同一处位置，反复阅读，反复体会，找出最佳选项。不同的题型采用不同的做题方法和技巧，完成短文后，再认真通读一遍全文，看看上下语意是否通顺，是否符合逻辑关系。
另外，做题时要注意文章的首段和每一段的首句或尾句，它们往往就是文章的主题句。阅读中要注意要点之间的关系，弄清全文的结构也能帮助我们理解文章，做出正确答案。
B
CANYOUIMAGINEHOWHARDITWOULDBETOREADSENTENCESLIKETHIS? Every one of us gets so used to punctuation marks that not many of us give them a second thought. Actually, the ancient Greeks wrote this way. The lack of punctuation marks probably didn’t bother good readers, though. As they read, they just put pauses where they fit best. Also at this time, sentences switched directions. A sentence read from left to right. The next one read right to left, and then left to right again, etc. The ancient Romans sometimes punctuated like this: They • put • something • that • can • separate • words • in • a • sentence. The word punctuation actually comes from this idea and the Latin word punctum, which means a dot.
When the 5th century arrived, there were just two punctuation marks: spaces and points. The spaces separated words while the points showed pauses in reading. Then in the 13th century, a printer named Aldus Manutius tried to standardize punctuation. He always used a period for a complete stop at the end of a sentence. He used a slash (/) to indicate a short pause. Over time, that slash was shortened and curled, and it became the modern comma (逗号).
Since that time, other marks have enlarged the punctuation family. The exclamation mark (感叹号) comes from the Latin word io. It means “exclamation of joy.” The question mark originally started out as the Latin word questio, meaning question. Eventually, scholars put it at the end of a sentence to show a question.
Punctuation even keeps changing nowadays. New marks are coming into existence, and old punctuation marks are used in new ways. Take for example the “interrobang”. This 1962 invention combines the question mark and exclamation mark for times when writers want both. For example, “She did what?” or “How much did you pay for that dress?” Obviously, the interrobang is not widely used or recognized yet, but its invention shows that English is not yet finished with its punctuation.
5.From the first paragraph, we can know that _______.
A. good readers had trouble reading without punctuation marks
B. a sentence always read from left to right in ancient Greece
C. ancient Greeks switched the direction of punctuation marks
D. the use of punctuation marks can date back to ancient times
6.The passage is developed _______.
A. by time
B. by space
C. by comparison
D. by importance
7.We can learn from the passage that _______.
A. ancient Romans didn’t use any punctuation marks
B. exclamation and question marks came from Latin
C. spaces and slashes were already used before the 5th century
D. Aldus Manutius first started to use commas
8.What can be concluded from the last paragraph?
A. The combination of two marks will not work.
B. It takes time for people to accept new punctuation marks.
C. Old punctuation marks need to be standardized.
D. Punctuation marks are still changing today.【答案】
5.D
6.A
7.B
8.D
【解析】
试题分析：文章介绍了标点符号的出现及逐步发展的过程，并且它还在发展变化中。
5.D推理判断题。第一段讲述了古希腊古罗马时期没有标点人们读句子的情况及标点符号的出现，根据最后一句The word punctuation actually comes from this idea and the Latin word punctum, which means a dot.可知开始有了标点符号的使用，故选D.
6.A推理判断题。第一段的ancient Greeks和ancient Romans，第二段的the 5th century，第三段的Since that time,最后一段的nowadays可知文章是按照时间顺序写的，故选A.
7段The exclamation mark (感叹号) comes from the Latin word io. It means “exclamation of joy.” The question mark originally started out as the Latin word questio, meaning question.可知感叹号和问号都来自于拉丁语，故选B.
推理判断题不仅要求考生读懂文章中的每个句子的意思还要推理它们之间的关系，结合自己的生活常识和经验，再通过逻辑推理和判断，理解文章的言外之意，从而揭示文章的深层涵义。如文中第5小题第一段讲述了古希腊古罗马时期没有标点人们读句子的情况及标点符号的出现，根据最后一句The word punctuation actually comes from this idea and the Latin word punctum, which means a dot.可知开始有了标点符号的使用，故选D. 第6小题第一段的ancient Greeks和ancient Romans，第二段的the 5th century，第三段的Since that time,最后一段的nowadays可知文章是按照时间顺序写的，故选A.
C
Edmund Halley was an English scientist who lived over 200 years ago. He studied the observations of comets (彗星) which other scientists had made. The orbit（轨道）of one particular comet was a very difficult mathematical problem. He could not figure it out. Neither could other scientists who dealt with such problems.
However, Halley had a friend named Isaac Newton, who was a brilliant mathematician. Newton thought he had already worked out that problem, but he could not find the papers on which he had done it. He told Halley that the orbit of a comet had the shape of an ellipse(椭圆形).
Now Halley set to work. He figured out(解决，计算出)the orbits of some of the comets that had been observed by scientists. He made a surprising discovery. The comets that had appeared in the years 1531, 1607, and 1682 all had the same orbit. Yet their appearance had been 75 to 76 years apart.
This seemed very strange to Halley. Three different comets followed the same orbit. The more Halley thought about it, the more he thought that there had not been three different comets as people thought. He decided that they had simply seen the same comet three times. The comet had gone away and had come back again.
It was an astonishing idea! Halley felt certain to make a prediction(预言)of what would happen in the future. He decided that this would appear in the year 1758. There were 53 years to go before Halley’s prediction could be tested. In 1758 the comet appeared in the sky. Halley did not see it, for he had died some years before. Ever since then that comet had been called Halley’s comet, in his honor.
9.Edmund Halley figured out the orbit of ____.
A. some different comets appearing several times
B. the same comet appearing at different times
C. three different comets appearing at the same time
D. several comets appearing at the same time
10.Halley made his discovery ____.
A. by doing experiments
B. by means of his own careful observation
C. by using the working of other scientists
D. by chance
11.Halley made a surprising, but correct prediction in the year____.
A. 1704
B. 1705
C. 1706
D. 1707
12.This passage in general is about ____.
A. Halley and other scientists
B. the orbit of a comet
C. Newton and Halley
D. Halley and his discovery
【答案】
9.B
10.C
11.B
12.D
【解析】
试题分析：哈雷他的发现9.B推理判断题。根据文章的第四段“He decided that they had simply seen the same comet three times”及上文提到的看彗星的时间分别是1531年、1607年、1682年可判断正确答案为B。
0.C细节理解题。根据第一段第二句 “He studied the observations of comets which other scientists had made.” 可知哈雷的发现是在研究其他科学家们的观察中得出来的。1.B推理计算题。文中第五段的“He decided that this would appear in the year 1758.There were 53 years to go before Halley's prediction could be tested”这句话告诉我们：他预言彗星出现的时间是1758年，而这个预言还要经过53年才能验证，由此可以推断出哈雷做出这个预言的时间是1705年。12.D主旨大意题。纵观全文可知文章的中心就是哈雷以及他的发现，D
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13.What kind of people will probably answer this advertisement?
A. High school graduates preparing to have at-home training.
B. College students preparing to study for a degree.
C. College students preparing to work in some big companies.
D. High school graduates preparing for college entrance examination.
14.People can get a Specialized Associate Degree by _____________.
A. doing full-time learning at school
B. working in some big famous companies
C. studying in their spare time
D. studying abroad for two years
15.How can you contact Harcourt Learning Direct?
A. By visiting the office on weekdays.
B. By sending an e-mail.
C. By making a call on weekdays only.
D. By sending a letter not later than today.【答案】
13.A
14.C
15.B
14.C细节推理题。根据第二段With Harcourt, you study at home, in your spare time so you don’t have to give up your present job while you train for a better one.可知人们可以通过业余时间学习获得专门的副学位，故选C.
15.B细节推理题。根据文章最后Mail coupon today! Or call the number below 1-800-372-1589. Call anytime, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. www.harcourt-learning.com
E-mail: Harcourt@learning.com 可知联系方式可以随时打电话或电子邮件，故选B.
考点：考查广告类短文阅读。
做好细节理解题的几点建议：
细节理解题属直接解答性问题，是阅读理解题中最简单的一种，多数属中低难度的题。但高考所占的比例大，应特别引起注意。事实和细节题的命题特点是：对文章或某一段落中的一些特定细节或文章重要事实的理解，一般包括直接理解题和语义转化题。直接理解题能在原文直接找到答案，而语义转化题则需要将题目信息与原文信息加工或整理后才能得出结论。
做细节理解题具体方法与步骤如下：
①略读材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨；比如本文讲述了一条狗忠诚地陪在生病的小主人身边的故事，主人的收留给了狗一个家，狗又成了小主人的伙伴。
②按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词。如for example, first, second…等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实；
③将自己精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上。快速通篇跳读，全文扫视，找到细节出处，待找到含细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。比如文章第14小题根据第二段With Harcourt, you study at home, in your spare time so you don’t have to give up your present job while you train for a better one.可知人们可以通过业余时间学习获得专门的副学位，故选C.第15小题根据文章最后Mail coupon today! Or call the number below 1-800-372-1589. Call anytime, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. www.harcourt-learning.com
E-mail: Harcourt@learning.com 可知联系方式可以随时打电话或电子邮件，故选B.
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
I clearly remember the day when my little brother was born: January 1,1994. One of my favorite family photos shows me lying with my mother in the hospital bed, happy but unaware of the small, sleeping baby in the background.
I stayed with my grandparents for the weekend of my brother’s birth, excited about my new brother but not yet aware of what having a little brother would mean. I didn’t truly realize what was going on until we were in the hospital room at Duke University—coincidentally ,the same room in which I had been born two years earlier.
When I looked at my brother for the first time, I felt a mixture of fear and interest. Little did I know that small, pink creature would grow up to be one of my favorite people in the world.
In reality, though I am two years older than my brother, I am more often than not the real baby in the family. I am very lacking when it comes to common sense. Instructions constantly confuse me and I frequently find myself totally puzzled by things like knowing how to start the washing machine or manage the storage settings on my iPhone.
That’s where Gibson comes in. The poor kid has had to guide me through more tasks than I would care to admit, but he never complains. Though I should probably be told to figure it out myself, he always comes through.
I’m envious of his ability to readily answer the ever-present, “What do you want to do with your life?” question at family gatherings. “Be a doctor,” he says—a solid answer, completely opposite to my shaky one, “Well, I’m an English major, so…”
My brother truly is my best friend. No one understands me better, and there isn’t anyone else I would want to be stuck with in our family. I may not have a clear idea of where I’m headed, but he is stuck with me.
21. How did the author feel when he saw his brother for the first time?
A. Angry and sad.
B. Excited and moved.
C. Curious and scared.
D. Happy and interested.
22.What does the underlined sentence in the fourth paragraph mean?
A. My brother is the real baby in the family.
B. In fact, I seem to be less mature than my little brother.
C. My brother gets more love from the family than I do.
D. I am growing more slowly than my brother.
23. What does the brother often help the author do?
A. Help him deal with many daily tasks.
B. Help him with his studies.
C. Give him advice on how to choose a major.
D. Comfort him when he is in a bad mood.
24. What is the best title for this text?
A. My Strange Family Gatherings
B. The Real Baby in the Family
C. Stuck with Me—My Not-So-Little Little Brother
D. The Feeling of Having a Brother
【答案】
21.C
22.B
23.A
24.C
【解析】
试题分析：作者描述了弟弟的出生及后来两人的相处，虽然弟弟年龄小但比我更成熟更能干。作者在文中表达了对弟弟的感激和自豪之情。
21.C细节推理题。根据第三段When I looked at my brother for the first time, I felt a mixture of fear and interest.可知作者第一次看到弟弟时既有点害怕又有点好奇，故选C.
22.B推理判断题。根据上句的though I am two years older than my brother可知意思是转折，根据下文的The poor kid has had to guide me through more tasks than I would care to admit可知弟弟比我还要成熟能干，故选B.
23.A细节推理题。根据第四段I am very lacking when it comes to common sense. Instructions constantly confuse me and I frequently find myself totally puzzled by things like knowing how to start the washing machine or manage the storage settings on my iPhone.和第五段The poor kid has had to guide me through more tasks可知弟弟帮我处理一些日常任务，故选A.
24.C主旨大意题。虽然弟弟年龄小但比我更成熟更能干，C项表达了此意适合作为全文标题吸引读者，故选C.
考点：考查家庭生活类短文阅读。
【名师点睛】
做好细节理解题的几点建议：
细节理解题属直接解答性问题，是阅读理解题中最简单的一种，多数属中低难度的题。但高考所占的比例大，应特别引起注意。事实和细节题的命题特点是：对文章或某一段落中的一些特定细节或文章重要事实的理解，一般包括直接理解题和语义转化题。直接理解题能在原文直接找到答案，而语义转化题则需要将题目信息与原文信息加工或整理后才能得出结论。
做细节理解题具体方法与步骤如下：
①略读材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨；
②按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词。如for example, first, second…等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实；
③将自己精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上。快速通篇跳读，全文扫视，找到细节出处，待找到含细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。如第21小题根据第三段When I looked at my brother for the first time, I felt a mixture of fear and interest.可知作者第一次看到弟弟时既有点害怕又有点好奇，故选C.
23小题根据第四段I am very lacking when it comes to common sense. Instructions constantly confuse me and I frequently find myself totally puzzled by things like knowing how to start the washing machine or manage the storage settings on my iPhone.和第五段The poor kid has had to guide me through more tasks可知弟弟帮我处理一些日常任务，故选A.
B
A man enters a store to buy milk. He walks out of the store with milk. That is all-milk. At the same time, a woman enters the same grocery store also to buy milk. She buys it. But she also buys chicken and lemons to make dinner that night. Then she remembers to buy food for her son to eat at school. She also gets a bottle of wine for drinks with friends and a birthday card for her husband’s niece. Then she gets coffee for breakfast, ice cream for dessert and remembers stamps to mail the bills. And don’t forget soap for the bathroom.
And that is the difference between the female and male brains simply explained in a grocery store.
Generally speaking, men do one thing at a time. Women do many. Now scientific research supports this theory about male and female brains. A recent study has confirmed what we have known all along—men and women think differently.
Scientists at the University of Pennsylvania studied brain images of 949 people aged from eight to 22 years old. They found that male brains have more connections on one side of the brain, or hemisphere. In the female brains, they found more activity and connections between the right and left sides of the brain. The left side of the brain is known as the side of “reason.” The right hemisphere is known as the “creative” side.
Regina Verma is a professor at the University of Pennsylvania. She co-wrote the report. She says when women are asked to do something difficult they might use different parts of the brain. Men, she adds, generally use just one side of the brain. As a result, men generally deal directly with a problem. There is a strong connection between the “understanding” and the “action” parts of their brains. Women, however, might include other parts of the brain when solving a problem. Women take a less direct path to find a solution.
25. The author mentioned the shopping in Paragraph 1 to___________.
A. show women’s carefulness
B. prove men’s quick action
C. object to an opinion
D. bring up the topic to be discussed
26. The main idea of Paragraph 4 is that ___________.
A. women have two same brains on both sides
B. men have more complicated brains than women
C. different kinds of brain images have been studied
D. men’s structure of brain is different from women’s
27.What causes the difference between men’s and women’s behavior?
A. Watching things from different sides.
B. Having different attitudes towards life.
C. Using different parts of the brain to think. D. Reacting at different speed to problems.
【答案】
25.D
26.D
27.C
考点：考查科学研究类短文阅读。
【名师点睛】
主旨大意题的解题思路与应试技巧 做这类题时常用略读法。快速阅读文章找出各个段落的主题句。把各个段落的主题句联系起来着眼于全文结构安排，了解文章的重心，就能概括出文章的中心。文章的标题是中心思想最精炼的表达形式，选择的标题意义范围要能涵盖全文，不能太大也不能太小。命题者在出这类题时，常常利用生活常识编造干扰项，把文中的细节当主旨，利用局部信息编造干扰项，编制超出文章范围的标题或不能涵盖文章中心意义的标题来考查考生的理解程度，考生要特别留意。概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句来概括(如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句，记叙文寻找概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词。) 。文中出现两种或两种以上的不同观点时，务必牢记作者的观点才是体现全文中心的。此时，要注意一些转折词，如but, yet, however, although, in spite of, by contrast, on the contrary等。当文章中表示相反的观点时，往往用到这些词。答题时要弄清哪个是作者的观点，排除迷惑性信息，准确归纳主旨大意。C
We know that hugs make us feel cosy inside. And this feeling could actually ward off stress and protect the immune (免疫) system, according to a new research from Carnegie Mellon University.
It’s a well-known fact that stress can weaken the immune system. In this study, the researchers sought to determine whether hugs could protect individuals from the increased sensitivity to illness brought on by the particular stress that comes with interpersonal conflict.
“We know that people experiencing ongoing conflicts with others are less able to fight off cold viruses. We also know that people who report having social support are partly protected from the effects of stress on psychological states, such as depression and anxiety, ” the study’s lead author, psychologist Dr. Sheldon Cohen , said in a statement. “We have tested whether awareness of social support is equally effective in protecting us from sensitivity to infection caused by stress and also whether receiving hugs might partially account for those feelings of support and thus protect a person against infection.”
In the experiment, over 400 healthy adults filled out a questionnaire about their perceived (感知到的) social support and also participated in a nightly phone interview for two weeks. They were asked about the frequency that they engaged in interpersonal conflict and received hugs that day.
Then, the researchers exposed the participants to a common cold virus, and monitored them to assess signs of infection. They found that both perceived social support and more frequent hugs reduced the risk of infection associated with experiencing interpersonal conflict. Regardless of whether or not they experienced social conflicts, infected participants with greater perceived social support and more frequent hugs had less severe illness symptoms.
“This suggests that being hugged by a trusted person may act as an effective means of conveying support and that increasing the frequency of hugs might be an effective means of reducing the effects of stress,” Cohen said. “The apparent protective effect of hugs may result from the physical contact itself or hugging being a behavioral indicator of support and closeness. Either way, those who receive more hugs are somewhat more protected from infection.”
If you need any more reason to wrap your arms around someone special, consider this: hugs also lower blood pressure, reduce fears, improve heart health and decrease feelings of loneliness.
28. In Paragraph 1, the underlined words “ward off “can be replaced by ____.
A. produce
B. increase
C. prevent
D. support
29. Dr. Sheldon Cohen’s experiment shows that ____.
A. hugs can hide serious illness symptoms
B. social conflicts can monitor signs of infection
C. social support can reduce the risk of having a cold
D. depression and anxiety result from less social support
30.The passage aims to convey that ____.
A. hugs can have protective effects
B. social support can cure diseases
C. interpersonal conflicts cause infections
D. stress can weaken our immune system
31. The passage is most likely to be found in ____.
A. a social science magazine
B. a commercial brochure
C. a medical report
D. an academic essay
【答案】
28.C
29.C
30.A
31.A
【解析】
试题分析：文章主要讲述了社会支持和经常拥抱的作用，可以减少人际冲突和少得病。
28.C猜测词义题。此处指拥抱这种温暖的感觉能避开压力保护免疫系统。划线词语ward off是“避开，阻挡”之意，与C项同义故选C.
考点：
关于词义猜测题
做这种类型的题，要根据词、词组、句子所在的语境上下文来判断其意义。因此熟练掌握一些猜词技巧是做好这类题的关键。命题者在出这类题时惯用常规词义来麻痹考生，我们要特别注意熟词生义，切不可脱离语境主观臆断。
下面结合文本及近几年高考试题，对词义猜测的技巧加以解读。
1.根据定义或上下文解释进行猜测
有时短文中出现一个需要猜测其意义的词或短语，下面接着出现其定义或解释，这就是判断该词或短语意义的主要依据。例如：It will be very hard but also very brittle—that is, it will break easily.从后面that is(也就是说)的解释中我们可以了解到brittle 是“脆”的意思。如文章第28小题此处指拥抱这种温暖的感觉能避开压力保护免疫系统。划线词语ward off是“避开，阻挡”之意，与C项同义故选C.
2
阅读中出现的难词有时后面紧跟一个同位语，对前面的词进行解释，这时可利用同位关系对前面或后面的词义或句意进行猜测。例如：The “Chunnel”, a tunnel(隧道) connecting England and France, is now complete.此句中a tunnel connecting England and France是Chunnel的同位语。因此，The “Chunnel”就是英法之间的海底隧道。
3.根据构词法(前缀、后缀、复合、派生等)进行猜测
在英语中，有很多词可以在前面加前缀，在后面加后缀，从而构成一个词，乍看起来，这个词可能是新词，但掌握了一定的构词知识，就不难猜出它的词义。例如：“Our parties are aimed for children 2 to 10,” Anaclerio said, “and they’re very interactive and creative in that they built a sense of drama based on a subject.”文中interactive是由前缀inter-(相互的)和active(活动的，活跃的)而构成的，同时根据上下文的意思可以判断，该词的含义应是“互动的”。
4.根据转折或对比关系进行猜测
根据上下句的连接词，如but, however, otherwise等就可以看到前后句在意义上的差别，从而依据某一句的含义，来确定另一句的含义。另外，分号也可以表示转折、对比或不相干的意义。例如：A child’s birthday party doesn’t have to be a hassle; it can be a basket of fun.从前后两句的意思可以看出，hassle和a basket of fun肯定是近乎相反的意义。所以不难判断hassle的意思是“困难，麻烦”。
D
Imagine having an idea, drawing it on paper, bringing it to a store and seeing it turned into a physical object. This is now possible with the help of 3D printers. Such machines were once used just by universities and big companies，but now, stores with 3D printing services are appearing around the United States.
Bryan Jaycox and his wife opened The Build Shop LLC in Los Angeles two years ago. The store is filled with tools like a laser cutter, an industrial sewing machine and 3D printers. The Jaycoxs offer 3D printing classes and services for anyone who is interested.
“I think 3D printing is going to be huge. It’s going to have a huge effect on society as a whole.” One of the students in a recent class was KiChong Tran. He plans to open a 3D printing business in Cambodia.
3D printing services are becoming available for American consumers.
The UPS Store is a nationwide retailer（零售商）that provides shipping, copying and other services. The UPS Store recently put 3D printers in three of its independently-owned stores. Burke Jones owns one of the stores in San Diego.
“The demand has been amazing. It’ s been much more than I would have imagined.” The UPS Store plans to add 3D printers in three more stores.
At The UPS Store, the cost of the object depends on the amount of materials used. The store charges up to $95 an hour to design the object with computer software that creates a digital file to guide the printer.
Mr. Jaycox predicts that within five years, 3D printing technology could become more popular. But KiChong Tran says even current technology can make a difference in a developing country like Cambodia.
“With 3D printing, you can give them tools; you put it in their hands so they are responsible more for their own development and they learn skills beyond just learning English and becoming a tour guide or something like that or working at a bank; you can actually create things that give value to the world.”
He says it’s not just in Cambodia but anywhere where there is a 3D printer that it can turn a good idea into reality.
32. The purpose of the passage is to ______.
A. attract consumers to buy 3D printers
B. explain the importance of 3D printing
C. introduce a new technique—3D printing
D. describe the rapid development of technology
33.The Build Shop LLC is a store ______.
A. selling sewing machines
B. known for tools like laser cutters
C. promoting 3D printers
D. offering 3D printing classes and services
34.At the UPS Store，the cost of a 3D object depends on ______.
A. the amount of materials it uses
B. the labor service it needs
C. the materials to make it and time to design it
D. the size of the object
35.The attitude of KiChong Tran towards the development of 3D printing technology is _____.
A. objective
B. positive
C. uncertain
D. critical
【答案】
32.C
33.D
34.C
35.B
34.C细节推理题。根据第七段At The UPS Store, the cost of the object depends on the amount of materials used. The store charges up to $95 an hour to design the object with computer software that creates a digital file to guide the printer.可知UPS Store收费是根据所使用材料的数量和设计产品花费的时间计算的，故选C.
35.B推理判断题。根据最后两段中you can actually create things that give value to the world.和anywhere where there is a 3D printer that it can turn a good idea into reality.可知KiChong Tran对3D打印技术的前景充满希望，是肯定的态度。故选B.
考点：考查科学文化类短文阅读。
【重庆市第八中学2017届高三上学期入学考试】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Each time I see a balloon , my mind flies back to a memory when I was a six-year-old girl . It was a rainy Sunday and my father had recently died . I asked my mum if my dad had gone to heaven . “ Yes , honey . Of course , ” she said . “ Can we write him a letter ? ”
She paused , the longest pause of my short life , and answered , “ Yes . ” My heart jumped . “ Can the mailman go there ? ” I asked .
“ No , but I have an idea . ” Mum drove to a party store and returned with a red balloon . I asked her what it was for . “ Just wait , honey . You’ll see . ” Mum told me to write my letter . Eagerly , I got my favorite pen , and poured out my six-year-old heart in the form of blue ink . I wrote about my day , what I learned at school , how Mum was doing , and even about what happened in a story I had read . For a few minutes it was as if Dad were still alive . I gave the letter to Mum . She read it over , and a smile crossed her face . She made a hole in the corner of the letter to tie it to the balloon . We went outside and she gave me the balloon . It was still raining . “ Okay , on the count of three , let it go . One , two , three . ” The balloon , carrying my letter , flew upwards against the rain . We watched until it was swallowed by the mass of clouds . Later I realized , like the balloon , that Dad had never let his sickness get him down . He was strong . No matter what he suffered , he’d keep on , fly up , and finally go beyond this cold world and his sick body . He rose into sky and became something beautiful . I watched until the balloon disappeared into the grey and white and I prayed that his strength was passed on . I prayed to be a balloon .
21. When the girl asked her mother if they could write to her father , her mother __________ .
A. believed it was easy to do it
B. felt it difficult to answer
C. considered her a creative girl
D. decided to make up a lie at once
22. When the girl was told that she could send a letter to her father , she __________ .
A. became excited
B. jumped with joy
C. started writing immediately
D. didn’t believe her mother
23. In the eyes of the author , what was the rain like ?
A. An incurable disease .
B. Her unforgettable memory .
C. The pain her mother suffered .
D. The hard time her father had .
24. What would be the best title for the passage ?
A. An Unforgettable Experience
B. Fly to Heaven
C. The Strong Red Balloon
D. A Great Father
【答案】
21.B
22.A
23.D
24.C
【解析】
试题分析：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了女儿想和已故的父亲通信，这使母亲很为难。但聪明的母亲用红气球作为邮递员把女儿写给父亲的信，寄往天堂。使女儿感到父亲还活着。 21.B考查推理判断。根据文章第三段中的She paused, the longest pause of my short life, and answered, "Yes."可知，母亲停顿了很长的时间，这意味着她思考了较长的时间才回答了女儿的问题。这说明女儿的问题难回答。故选B。 22.A考查细节理解。根据文章第四段中的My heart jumped.可知，我很高兴。此处jumped.和jumped with joy是同义表达。故选A。 【名师点睛】
归纳文章标题
要注意不是所有的段落都有主题句，有时主题句暗含在句中。阅读这样的文章，就需要自己根据文章的细节来分析，概括出段落的主题，从而推导出文章的主旨。分析的方法是：先弄清该段落主要讲了哪几方面的内容，这些内容在逻辑上有什么联系，然后加以归纳形成主题。24.小题C考查文章的标题。本文是一篇记叙文，文章以红气球为主线贯穿整个文章，红气球是连接女儿和父亲的纽带。所以C为文章的标题。
考点：考查人生百味类文章的阅读。
B
Nervous suspects locked up in Britain’s newest police station may feel relieved by a pleasant yellow color on the door . If they are close to confessing（供认）a crime , the blue on the wall might tip the balance .
Gwent Police have abandoned colors such as greys and browns of the 20th-century police cell（牢房）and have used color psychology to decorate them .
Ystrad Mynach station , which recently opened at a cost of ￡5 million has four cells with glass doors for prisoners who suffer from claustrophobia（幽闭恐怖症）. Designers have painted the frames yellow , which researchers say is a calming color . Other cells contain a royal blue line because psychologists believe that the color is likely to encourage truthfulness .
The station has 31 cells , including 12 with a “live scan” system for drunken or disturbed prisoners , which detects the rise and fall of their chest . An alarm alerts officers if a prisoner’s breathing stops and carries on ringing until the door is opened .
Designers and psychologists have worked for years on color . Blue is said to suggest trust , efficiency , duty , logic , coolness , thinking and calm . It also suggests coldness and unfriendliness . It is thought that strong blues will stimulate clear thought and lighter , soft colors will calm the mind and aid concentration .
Yellow is linked with confidence , self-respect and friendliness get the color wrong and it could cause fear , depression and anxiety , but the right yellow can lift spirits and self-respect .
Ingrid Collins , a psychologist who specializes in the effects of color , said that color was an “ energy force ” . She said : “ Blue does enhance communication but I am not sure it would enhance truthful communication . ”
Yellow , she said , affected the mind . Red , on the other hand , should never be considered because it could increase aggression . Mrs. Collins praised the designers for using colors in the cells . Gwent is not the first British force to experiment with color to calm down or persuade prisoners to co-operate , In the 1990s Strathclyde Police used pink in cells based on research carried out by the US Navy .
25. The expression “ tip the balance ” in Paragraph 1 probably indicates that the blue might __________ .
A. let suspects keep their balance
B. help suspects to confess their crimes
C. make suspects cold and unfriendly in law court
D. enable suspects to change their attitudes to colors
26. Which of the following helps alert officers if someone stops breathing ?
A. Scanning equipment .
B. Royal blue lines .
C. Glass doors .
D. Yellow frames .
27. The passage is mainly concerned with __________ .
A. the relationship between colors and psychology
B. a comparison of different functions of colors
C. the use of colors in cells to affect criminals’ psychology
D. scientific ways to help criminals reform themselves in prison
【答案】
25.B
26.A
27.C
【解析】
试题分析：
考点：
C
In the United States and several other countries , 2.5 million children play baseball in an organization called Little League . They play on teams in their hometowns . Their parents and other adults in the community coach or instruct them and serve as umpires（裁判员）to make sure that everyone follows the rules . Local businesses give money for the ball fields and the uniforms . Local teams compete against each other and the winners get to play teams that are more distant . Eventually , the top teams go to the Little League World Series .
One hundred years after Abner Doubleday invented baseball in Cooperstown , New York , in 1839 , Little League got started in Pennsylvania . Three men started the game for neighborhood boys with a smaller playing field and fewer innings（局）than adult baseball . Little League became popular after World War II when the game spread across the United States . By 1955 it was played throughout North America and within five years it had spread to Europe . Children’s baseball really caught on in Japan and Taiwan of China and teams from those areas won the World Series seven out of eight years . After this , the organization tried banning foreign teams from the World Series , but the ban came to an end after one year .
At first , Little League was only for boys aged nine to twelve . However , in 1974 , the parents of girl baseball players brought a law suit . The courts ruled that Little League had to include both boys and girls . Later Little League added on softball and other games for teenagers up to age eighteen . Occasionally , a Little Leaguer becomes a professional player . For example , Gary Carter went from Little League to play nineteen seasons in the Major Leagues , ten of them as an All-Star player . By and large , youngsters play baseball for fun , but their parents are pround of them .
28.The mothers and fathers of Little League players __________ .
A. travel with the children
B. help run the games
C. give the teams money
D. play in the World Series
29. When had Little League spread to Europe ?
A. By 1839 .
B. By 1955 .
C. By 1960 .
D. By 1974 .
30. Most players take part in Little League __________ .
A. to enjoy the game
B. to become professionals
C. to play in All-Star games
D. to make their parents proud
31. What is TRUE about players today ?
A. Girl have to buy their suits .
B. Only boys can play in Little League .
C. Girls and boys can participate up to age 18 .
D. Foreign players are banned from the World Series .
【答案】
28.B
29.C
30.A
31.C
29.C 细节题。根据文章第二段1,2行One hundred years after Abner Doubleday invented baseball in Cooperstown, New York, in 1839, Little League got started in Pennsylvania.可知在Abner Doubleday发明baseball100年以后也就是1938年Little League成立了。故C正确。
30.A 细节题。根据文章最后一句But, by and large, youngsters play baseball for fun and because their parents are proud of them.可知他们这样做是为了玩得开心也是为了愉悦父母亲。故A正确。
31.C主旨大意题。本文主要讲述的是孩子们可以在很小的时候就参加baseball的比赛，介绍了Little League的组建以及其他的情况。故C正确。
【学法指导】
阅读理解中的事实询问题
事实询问题，这类试题通常以疑问词what/who/when/where/why/how引起的特殊问句，就文章中某一词语、某一句子、某一段落或某一具体细节和事实进行提问。解答此类试题首先要弄清题目和每一个选项的含义，然后按题目要求寻找与之相关的细节，正确估计答案来源。同时要注意题目和文章中的暗示作用，特别注意辨别各种信息，确认各种信息。29小题C 细节题。根据文章第二段1,2行One hundred years after Abner Doubleday invented baseball in Cooperstown, New York, in 1839, Little League got started in Pennsylvania.可知在Abner Doubleday发明baseball100年以后也就是1938年Little League成立了。故C正确。
考点：考查说明文
D
HOLIDAY FUN AT THE POWERHOUSE
Join in the holiday fun at the powerhouse this month linked to our new exhibition , Evolution & Revolution : Chinese dress 1700s to now . DON’T FORGET out other special event , the Club Med Circus School which is part of the Circus ! 150 years of circus in Australia exhibition experience !
◆
Chinese Folk Dancing : Colorful Chinese dance and musical performances by The Chinese Folk Dancing School of Sydney . Dances include : the Golden stick dance and the Chinese drum dance . A feature will be the Qin dynasty Emperor’s court dance . Also included is a show of face painting for Beijing opera performances .
Sunday 29 June and Wednesday 2 July in the Turbine Hall , at 11:30 am & 1:30 pm.
◆
Australian Chinese Children’s Arts Theatre : Well-known children’s play experts from Shanghai lead this dynamic youth group . Performances include Chinese fairy tales and plays .
Thursday 3 to Sunday 6 July in the Turbine Hall , at 11:30 am & 1:30 pm .
◆
Chinese Youth League : A traditional performing arts group featuring performance highlights such as the Red scarf and Spring flower dances , and a musician playing Er Hu .
Sunday 6 to Tuesday 8 July in the Turbine Hall , 11:30 am to 1:30 pm .
◆
Kids Activity : Make a Paper Horse : Young children make a paper horse cut-out . ( The horse is a frequent theme in Chinese painting , indicating a kind of advancement . ) Suitable for ages 8-12 years .
Sunday 28 June to Tuesday 8 July in the Turbine Hall , 12:00 pm to 1:00 pm .
◆
Club Med Circus School : Learn circus skills , including the trapeze , trampolining and magic . Note only for children over 5 : There are 40 places available in each 1 hour session and these must be booked at the front desk , level 4 , on the day .
Tuesday 1 to Saturday 5 July at 11:30 am & 1:00 pm .
Enjoy unlimited free visits and many other benefits by becoming a family member of the Powerhouse . Our family memberships cover two adults and all children under the age of 16 years at the one address .
Members receive Powerline , our monthly magazine , discounts in the shops and the restaurants , as well as free admission to the Museum . All this for as little as $50.00 a year ! Call (02)9217 0600 for more details .
32. When can you watch the Chinese drum dance ?
A. On July 2 .
B. On July 3 .
C. On July 6 .
D. On July 8 .
33. To learn the magic tricks , you can go to __________ .
A. Kids Activity .
B. Chinese Youth League .
C. Club Med Circus School .
D. Children’s Arts Theatre .
34. What is required if you want to enjoy free visits to the Museum ?
A. Calling (02)92170600 .
B. Gaining family membership .
C. Coming for the holiday fun .
D. Paying powerline $50.00 a year .
35. What is the main purpose of the text ?
A. To attract visitors .
B. To present schedules .
C. To report the performances .
D. To teach kids Chinese arts .
【答案】
32.A
33.C
34.B
35.A
【解析】
33.C细节理解题 在Club Med Circus School部分我们可以找到Learn circus skills, including the trapeze, tramp lining and magic.，即在这儿可以学到高空秋千，蹦床运动和魔术。由此可知C选项正确。 34.B推理判断题 由倒数第2段可知，要想得倒免费参观就应成为Powerhouse 的成员（Enjoy unlimited free visits and many other benefits by becoming a Family member of the Powerhouse.）。B选项与此意吻合。D选项干扰性大。原文最后一段是说Powerline每年花费至少$50, 00。 35.A写作意图题 文章提供了powerhouse假日休闲的内容，时间，地点，联系方式，价格以及优惠条件等。目的是给游客以详细的介绍从而吸引更多的游客。所以A 选项正确。
【学法指导】
关于广告类阅读
纵观全国各地的高考试题,每年阅读中必有一篇广告类的文章,这是因为广告英语与普通英语虽存在许多差异,但又与人们日常生活密切相关,应用性很强。此类阅读题可以很好地考查学生提取信息、处理信息的能力。35小题A写作意图题 文章提供了powerhouse假日休闲的内容，时间，地点，联系方式，价格以及优惠条件等。目的是给游客以详细的介绍从而吸引更多的游客。所以A 选项正确。
考点：考查广告类阅读
【山东师范大学附属中学2017届高三上学期第一次模拟】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Shakespeare’s Birthplace and Exhibition
Henley Street，Stratford-Upon-Avon Tel：01789 204016 Shakespeare’s Birthplace was the childhood home of William Shakespeare．Take a step back in time and see what life was like for the young Shakespeare growing up in Stratford-Upon-Avon．The house has been exactly furnished，and includes both original and copy items similar to those which would have been there in the house when Shakespeare was a boy．Beautiful painted cloths hang on the walls，brightly colored fabrics fill the rooms and his father’s glove workshop has been recreated．At the back of the house is a beautiful garden containing many plants，herbs and flowers mentioned in Shakespeare’s plays． The neighboring exhibition shows Shakespeare's life and focuses on many rare local items connected with him，as well as a copy of the first edition of his collected plays published in 1623． ◎Limited disabled access ◎Many restaurants close to Shakespeare’s Birthplace ◎Town center parking ◎Gift shop ◎Allow at least 45 minutes to visit the house and the exhibition
21．What can we see in Shakespeare’s birthplace? A．Old furniture．
B．Ancient restaurants. C．Colored gloves．
D．Shakespeare’s plays.
22．How much would they pay if a couple with their two children visit the exhibition? A．￡5.2．
B．￡13.4．
C．￡15．
D．￡18.6．
23．What is the deadline to enter the exhibition on Friday in July? A．4：00 pm． B．5：00 pm． C．5：30 pm． D．6：00 pm.
【答案】
21.A
22.C
23.C
【解析】
试题分析：莎士比亚的出生地和展览。
21.A细节理解题。根据文章第一段第三句The house has been exactly furnished，and includes both original and copy items similar to those which would have been there in the house when Shakespeare was a boy．可知看到一些旧家具。故选A。
22.C 细节理解题。根据表格中Family￡15，可知一对夫妇和两个孩子要付￡15。故选C。
23.C细节理解题。根据表格中Jun—Aug
Monday—Saturday
Open 9；00am
Last Entry 5:30pm
可知选C。
考点：考查旅游类阅读
B
It is good to get in touch with your inner child from time to time，and obviously some people are willing to pay big money for the chance to do so in a proper environment．A Brooklyn-based adult preschool is charging customers between $333 and $999 for the chance to act like a kid again．
At Preschool Mastermind in New York adults get to participate in show—and—tell，arts—and—crafts such as finger paint，games like musical chairs and even take naps．The month-long course also has class picture day where the adults are expected to have a field trip and a parent day．
30-year-old Michelle Joni Lapidos，the brain behind the adult preschool，studied childhood education and has always wanted to be a preschool teacher．She’s always on the lookout for new ways to get people in touch with the freedom of childhood．A friend encouraged her to start the mastermind course instead．
According to Candice，her blogger friend，Preschool Mastermind gives adults a chance to relearn and master the things that they failed to understand as children．“I realized all the significances of what we learn in preschool，”said founder Michelle Joni，“People come here and get in touch with their inner child．It’s magical．We are bringing ourselves back to another place，another time with ourselves when we are more believing in ourselves，more confident and ready to take on the world．”
“One person’s here because they want to learn not to be so serious．”Michelle said．“Another's here to learn to be more confident．”She explained that most of the classes were planned．However，Joni added that while the planned activities were fun，it was often the spontaneous(自发的)moments that attracted students．“It’s the things you don’t plan for，the sharing between friends and learning from each other．’’
24．What is the purpose of Preschool Mastermind?
A．To give adults a chance to return to childhood．
B．To help parents understand their children better．
C．To provide practical training courses for teachers．
D．To introduce some ways of playing with children．
25．What is mainly discussed about Preschool Mastermind in Paragraph 2 ?
A．Its customers． B．Its activities． C．Its environment． D．Its schedule·
26．According to Candice，people come to this program to________·
A．enjoy freedom of thinking
B．realize their childhood dreams
C．discover their inner abilities
D．figure out childhood puzzles
27．What do we know about Michelle Joni?
A．She used to be a preschool teacher．
B．She likes to make plans in advance．
C．She founded Preschool Mastermind．
D．She gained confidence by sharing．
【答案】
24.A
25.B
26.D
27.C
25.B本篇考查了很多成年人想实现自己内心当一回孩子，过童年生活的想法。根据文章第二段At Preschool Mastermind in New York adults get to participate in show—and—tell，arts—and—crafts such as finger paint，games like musical chairs and even take naps．可知，在纽约学前班，成年人参加展示，讲诉，艺术和手工比如说手指绘画，诸如抢椅游戏、小睡等游戏。所以选择B
26.D本篇考查了很多成年人想实现自己内心当一回孩子，过童年生活的想法。根据文章第四段According to Candice，her blogger friend，Preschool Mastermind gives adults a chance to relearn and master the things that they failed to understand as children．可知，在这个学前班给成年人一个重新学习和掌握他们孩子时期没有理解的事情，所以选择D
27.C事实细节题。根据文章第四段I realized all the significances of what we learn in preschool，said founder Michelle Joni，可知，学前班创立者米歇尔乔妮说，我意识到了在学前班所学到的事情的重要性。所以选择C
【学法指导】
细节考查题中有一类事实细节题 。该题属于细节类型的阅读理解题，一般只针对某个特定的细节，题型可以多种多样。此类题型一般分两种。第一种是直接理解题，在原文中可以直接找到答案。第二种是词义转换题，正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的转换。做此类试题一定要抓住事件发生的时间、地点、人物、发展过程和结局等环节，所选答案一定要符合原文，切不可望文生义。细节题的破解一般采用寻读法，即先看试题，再读文章。对有关信息进行快速定位，再将相关信息进行整合、甄别、分析、对比，有根有据地排除干扰项，选出正确答案。做此类型的题目还要特别注意句子的逻辑关系。27小题C事实细节题。根据文章第四段I realized all the significances of what we learn in preschool，said founder Michelle Joni，可知，学前班创立者米歇尔乔妮说，我意识到了在学前班所学到的事情的重要性。所以选择C
考点：考查人生百态类阅读
C
A new study has discovered that meditation(冥想)and oxygen sport together reduce depression(抑郁)．The Rutgers University study found that this mind and body combination, done twice a week for only two months，reduced the symptoms for a group of students by 40 percent.
“We are excited by the findings because we saw such a meaningful improvement in both clinically depressed and non—depressed students，”said lead author Dr．Brandon Alderman．“It is the first time that both of these two behavioral ways have been looked at together for dealing with depression．”
Researchers believe the two activities have an interactive effect in combating depression．Alderman and Dr．Tracey Shors discovered that a combination of mental and physical training (MAP)enabled students with major depressive disorder not to let problems or negative thoughts defeat them．
Rutgers researchers say those who participated in the study began with 30 minutes of focused attention meditation followed by 30 minutes of oxygen sport．They were told that if their thoughts drifted to the past or the future they should refocus on their breathing，enabling those with depression to accept moment-to-moment changes in attention．
Shors，who studies the production of new brain cells in the hippocampus—part of the brain involved in memory and learning—says scientists have shown in animal models that oxygen sport exercise keeps a large number of certain cells alive．
The idea for the human intervention(干预)came from her laboratory studies，she says，with the main goal of helping individuals acquire new skills so that they can learn to recover from stressful life events．
By learning to focus their attention and exercise，people who are fighting depression can acquire new learning skills that can help them process information and reduce the overwhelming recollection of memories from the past，Shors says．
“We know these treatments can be practiced over a lifetime and that they will be effective in improving mental health．”said Alderman．“The good news is that this intervention can be practiced by anyone at any time and at no cost．” 28．What made the research so different?
A．Adopting a way of meaningful talk．
B．Combining the two ways to treat depression．
C．Treating depression with special medicine．
D．Comparing the depressed with the non-depressed． 29．The underlined word “combating” in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by______．
A．fighting
B．identifying
C．distinguishing
D．examining 30．What did the participants do in the research?
A．They did oxygen sport half an hour before thinking．
B．They thought quietly and then took exercise．
C．They took exercise longer than they thought．
D．They took exercise while thinking quietly． 31．What is Shors’main purpose of her studies?
A．To find out certain brain cells of humans．
B．To study the production of new brain cells．
C．To offer people a new method to treat stress．
D．To decide the links between stress and exercise．
【答案】
28.B
29.A
30.B
31.C
【解析】
试题分析：本文介绍新的研究：治疗压力的新方法。
28.B细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句It is the first time that both of these two behavioral ways have been looked at together for dealing with depression．可知这是第一次用两种方法来治疗抑郁。故选B。
29.A词义猜测题。根据第三段第二句的后半句enabled students with major depressive disorder not to let problems or negative thoughts defeat them．使抑郁症患者生不让问题或消极思想打败他们。Researchers believe the two activities have an interactive effect in combating depression．可知两个活动相互作用对抗抑郁，不让抑郁打败他们。故选A。
【名师点睛】 词义猜测题。阅读材料中的每个词与它前后的词语或句子甚至段落都有联系。我们可以利用语境（各种已知信息）推测、判断某些生词的词义。做这种类型的题，要根据词、词组、句子所在的语境来判断其意义。我们要特别注意熟词生义，切不可脱离语境想当然。在句子或段落中，我们可以利用熟悉的词语，根据语言环境所表示的关系推断生词词义。29小题A词义猜测题。根据第三段第二句的后半句enabled students with major depressive disorder not to let problems or negative thoughts defeat them．使抑郁症患者生不让问题或消极思想打败他们。Researchers believe the two activities have an interactive effect in combating depression．可知两个活动相互作用对抗抑郁，不让抑郁打败他们。故选A。
考点：考查健康类阅读
D
The loneliest chimp(黑猩猩)in the world just got the best surprise—a hug from a new friend．Ponso has been by himself for nearly three years，finding himself alone after his wife and children died on the island where they were abandoned by a medical testing company many years ago．
For years a nearby villager named Germain has been Ponso’s only company，visiting him so often to bring bananas and bread—the chimp’s only source of food on the tiny island．It was clear how much Ponso missed companionship when he was recently visited by Chimpanzee Conservation Centre Director Estelle Raballand．The chimp immediately embraced Estelle Raballand in a huge hug and laughed as she reached out for him，with his smile from ear to ear．
For those who know Ponso’s backstory，his immediate ease and trust in humans might be surprising．Ponso was one of 20 chimps，all between the ages of 7 to 11 years old，relocated to an island off the Ivory Coast after being used for testing by the New York Blood Centre．After the tests were completed in 2005，the lab reportedly transferred the chimps to a string of islands，occasionally dropping off food and water because there was none in the chimps’ new homes．
Disease and hunger soon left only Ponso，his mate and their two children standing．But at the end of 2017 they died within days of each other and Ponso was now completely alone．
A group called SOS PONSO is trying to raise money for the poor lonely chimp，already achieving its goal of $20，000—all of which will be used for Ponso’s care．
32．What do we know about the chimp Ponso?
A．He was deserted by his family．
B．He found many sources of food．
C．He came to the island for a test．
D．He suffers from loneliness greatly．
33．How did Ponso feel about the visit of Estelle Raballand?
A．Excited． B．Frightened． C．Embarrassed． D．Confused.
34．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?
A．The chimps’ new settlement．
B．How Ponso came to the island．
C．Why Ponso was used for a test．
D．The medical test about chimps．
35．What can be inferred from the text?
A．Germain won’t visit Ponso any more．
B．A new lab will be built on the island．
C．Many people show concern for Ponso．
D．More chimps will be brought to the island．
【答案】
32.D
33.A
34.B
35.C
【解析】
试题分析：世界上最孤独的黑猩猩得到了最好的惊喜——来自一个新朋友的拥抱。同时展示出许多人关心Ponso。
32.D推理判断题。根据第一段第二句Ponso has been by himself for nearly three years，Ponso几乎3年都一直是孤单的。可知遭受极大的孤独。故选D。
33.A推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句The chimp immediately embraced Estelle Raballand in a huge hug and laughed as she reached out for him，with his smile from ear to ear．当她为他伸出手时，黑猩猩立刻接受了Estelle Raballand一个大大的拥抱，笑了起来。可知黑猩猩很兴奋。故选A。
34.B段落大意题。根据第三段最后一句After the tests were completed in 2005，the lab reportedly transferred the chimps to a string of islands，可知本段谈的是：Ponso怎样来到岛上。故选B。
35.C推理判断题。纵观全文，特别是最后一段A group called SOS PONSO is trying to raise money for the poor lonely chimp，already achieving its goal of $20，000—all of which will be used for Ponso’s care．可知许多人关心Ponso。
【名师点拨】 推理判断题。要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的推理判断，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题所涉及的内容可能是文中的某一句话，也可能是某几句话，所以，推理题的答案只能是根据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即对原文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写或综合。推理判断题的题干中通常含infer,suggest,imply,conclude indicate等标志性词语。 这种题型主要包括细节判断题、态度观点推断题、写作意图推断题、文章出处判断题和猜测想象推断题。33小题A推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句The chimp immediately embraced Estelle Raballand in a huge hug and laughed as she reached out for him，with his smile from ear to ear．当她为他伸出手时，黑猩猩立刻接受了Estelle Raballand一个大大的拥抱，笑了起来。可知黑猩猩很兴奋。故选A。
考点：考查资讯报道类阅读
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项
A
Myth: If you cut your hair, it will grow long faster.
Truth: That’s not true. “Your hair isn’t like a lawn or a rosebush, where cutting can stimulate fresh growth,” says Phillip Kingsley. The length of your hair is genetically determined. When it reaches a certain length, it stops growing. When you clear up the dead split ends, this make your hair look healthier, but not necessarily longer.
Myth: If you skip meals, you lose weight fast.
Truth: There’s no truth in this advice. Not only will you not lose weight by starving yourself, but according to Carol Ann Rinzler, this may actually cause you to gain weight. Rinzler reasons that missing a meal causes your metabolism(新陈代谢) to slow down so that you burn food more slowly. This only makes you feel hungrier and by the time you finally do reach the table you will probably eat more food. Strange as it may seem, studies show that eating several small meals and snacks throughout the day is a more healthy way to lose pounds.
Myth: If you swallow gum，it will stay inside your stomach for seven years.
Truth: Actually, it takes just a few days for gum to make its exit---not seven years, says NeiIzenberg, M. D., editor of Kids Health Organization. But because gum is made of the same thing as rubber, it cannot be fully digested in your stomach--- so if you gum up the works on a regular basis, you might find yourself in a sticky situation.
Myth: The best way to stop a nosebleed is to lift your head back.
Truth: Now that’s bad advice. Bloody noses are caused by broken blood vessels, so while lifting your head back might stop the fluid from rushing out of your nose, it won’t stop the bleeding; you’ll just end up swallowing lots of blood. Your best bet “Rest quietly. Don’t poke or pick, and the blood will naturally clot (凝结成块) within a minute or two”, suggests Dr. Izenberg.
21. The length of your hair is determined by ________.
A. cutting it often
B. your gene
C. the food you eat
D. clearing up the dead split ends.
22. According to Carol Ann Rinzler, skipping meals will __________.
A. help you lose weight fast
B. help you lose weight slowly
C. cause you to become fatter
D. make you burning food more quickly
23. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Gum cannot be fully digested in the stomach.
B. Gum can stay inside your stomach for seven years if you swallow it.
C. Gum can leave your stomach after you swallow in a few days later.
D. If you often swallow gum, you might find yourself in a sticky situation
【答案】
21.B
22.C
23.B
考点：考察科教类阅读
【名师点睛】
关于细节理解题
用细节定位法：细节理解题属直接解答性问题，是阅读理解题中最简单的一种，多数属中低难度的送分题。但由于高考所占的比例很大，应特别引起注意。事实和细节题的命题特点是：把某词语、某个句子或某具体事实用不同于原文的另一方式或句型表达，即同义改写。解答这类题的窍门是：A)注意掌握英语的多种表达法；B)正确分析词语在句中的作用；C)熟练运用英语的句型转换；D)读懂题干所提出的问题，并准确地找到文中涉及该问题的句子。
比如文章第21题，就需要快速定位在文章的第一段内容The length of your hair is genetically determined.你头发的长度由基因决定的。答案为B。比如文章第22题，根据第二段Not only will you not lose weight by starving yourself, but according to Carol Ann Rinzler, this may actually cause you to gain weight.根据Carol Ann Rinzler，不吃饭不仅不会让你减肥，事实上可能导致你体重增加。可知答案C正确。
Papa’s jaw dropped when Mama told him that Sister had cheated on her final exams—not to succeed but to fail. “It’s unbelievable!” he said. “Sister has always been so proud of her good grades!”
“Yes, she has,” said Mama. “But it’s not unbelievable. It just shows how badly she wanted off the swimming team.”
“Wanted off the swimming team?” said Papa. “She never said anything about that to me.”
“Of course she didn’t,” said Mama. “She was afraid you’d blow your top. You already had her getting a swimming scholarship to college and winning gold medals at the Olympics. Can you imagine how much pressure she must have felt? For her, being on the team couldn’t have been much fun.”
“Oh, my gosh!” Papa said, clapping a hand to his forehead. “I’ve been so stupid! I just thought she’d want to be a champion swimmer because she’s so good at it.”
“It’s like anything else, dear,” said Mama. “No matter how good at it you are, if it stops being fun, you won’t want to do it anymore.”
Papa put his head in his hands.
“She must be really mad at me,” he mumbled. “Maybe I should say sorry to her.”
Sister’s footsteps could be heard on the stairs. She came into the kitchen and looked hopefully up at her parents.
“Honey,” said Mama with a smile, “your papa and I have decided that there’s no reason for you to be on the swimming team if you don’t want to.”
Sister’s face lit up like a Christmas tree. “Yippee!” she cried.
“And,” added Papa, “there’s no need for any more drills. I’m sure you’ll bring your grades back up all by yourself.”
Sister ran to Papa and jumped into his arms. She gave him a big hug. “I’m going to go play cards with Lizzy!” she said. “See you later!”
From the kitchen window, Mama and Papa watched their daughter run down the sunny road toward Lizzy’s house.
“It’s good to see her happy again,” said Mama.
“It sure is,” Papa agreed. “As for the swimming team, there’s always next year.”
“If?” Mama prompted him.
“Oh, right,” said Papa. “If she wants to.”
Mama smiled. “At least you’re learning, dear,” she said. She kissed him.
“Well, you know what they say,” Papa said. “Better late than never.”
. The underlined expression “blow your top” probably means _____.
A. change your opinion
B. become very excited
C. get very angry
D. fall down with fear
25. Mama insisted that the child should do _____.
A. what she was willing to
B. what she felt easy to
C. what she was able to
D. what she felt right to
26. Which of the following words best describes Papa?
A. Cruel but reasonable.
B. Crazy but confident.
C. Stubborn but honest.
D. Ambitious but considerate.
27. Which might be the proper title for the passage?
A. Easier Said Than Done
B. Health Is Better Than Wealth
C. Better Late Than Never
D. Something Is Better Than Nothing
【答案】
24.C
25.A
26.D
26.C
25. A 细节理解题。从文章第六段中的"No matter how good at it you are, if it stops being fun, you won’t want to do it anymore."可知,母亲认为孩子应该做她自己愿意做的事情,故选A项。
26. D推理判断题。通读全文可知,父亲对孩子充满了较高的期望,可以说是ambitious(抱负远大),但当他知道女儿因此而不快乐时,能勇敢地承认自己的过错,可以说是considerate(善解人意),所以答案选D项。
27. C 主旨大意题。通读全文可知,最后一段"Well, you know what they say," Papa said." Better late than never."是文章的主题句,所以C项作为标题能较好地概括全文。
考点：考查社会生活类短文阅读
What's the most important thing in life?
People's answers vary greatly. For British scientist Robert Edwards, the answer is having a child. "Nothing is more special than a child," he told the BBC.
Edwards, the inventor of the In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) technology---more commonly known as "test-tube (试管) baby" technology-passed away on April 10, 2017 at the age of 87.
"Edwards changed the lives of millions of ordinary people who now rejoice (高兴) in the gift of their own child," said Peter Braude, a professor at King's College London. "He leaves the world a much better place."
Edwards started his experiments as early as the 1950s, when he had just finished his PhD in genetics. At that time, much of the public viewed test-tube babies as "scary", according to Mark Sauer, a professor at Columbia University, US.
Edwards and his colleague Patrick Steptoe faced opposition from churches, governments and media, not to mention attacks from many of their fellow scientists. "People said that we should not play God and we should not interfere with nature," Edwards once told Times. He said that he felt "quite alone" at the time.
"But Edwards was a fighter, and he believed in what he was doing," said Sauer. Without support from the government, the two struggled to raise funds to carry on. And in 1968 they finally developed a method to successfully fertilize human eggs outside the body.
The first test-tube baby was born on July 25, 1978. Her name was Is Louise Brown. Despite people's safety concerns, Brown was just as healthy as other children.
"IVF had moved from vision to reality and a new era in medicine had begun," BBC commented.
Ever since then, public opinion has evolved considerably. Couples who were unable to have babies began thronging (拥向) to Edwards' clinic. Nowadays, Reuters reports, some 4.3 million other "test-tube" children exist. Edwards received a Nobel Prize in 2010 and was knighted (封为爵士) by Queen Elizabeth n the following year.
Before his death, Edwards was still in touch with Louise. "He is like a granddad to me," she said in an interview with the Daily Mail.
He is a granddad to millions, in fact.
28.What’s the article mainly about?
A. The first test-tube baby.
B. A new era in medicine.
C. The inventor of IVF technology.
D. The changes IVF technology has brought.
29.The writer quoted Peter Braude to
.
A. show how difficult it was for Edwards to do his work
B. describe what kind of person Edwards was
C. explain why he is loved by all children
D. comment on his achievement
30.The underlined word "opposition" in Paragraph 6 is closest in meaning to "
"
A. attack
B. support
C. test
D. influence
31. What is the correct order of events in Edwards' life?
a. He received a Nobel Prize.
b. He struggled to raise funds.
c. The first test-tube baby was born.
d. He was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II.
e. He succeeded in fertilizing human eggs outside body.
f. He started his experiments on IVF technology.
f-e-b-c-a- d
B. f-b-e-c-d-a
C. f-b-e-c-a-d
D. f-e-d-a-c-b
【答案】
28.C
29.D
30.A
31.C
30.A词义猜测题。根据第六段中的“Edwards and his colleague Patrick Steptoe faced from churches，governments and media，not to mention attacks from many of their fellow scientists.”可发现下文提到了同事的攻击(attacks)，说明opposition的意思和“攻击”(attack)是相似的，故选A。
31.C细节理解题。根据短文的时间线索可知先是f开始实验，然后b筹集资金，然后e成功，然后c第一个试管婴儿出现，然后a得到诺贝尔奖，最后d受嘉奖，故选C。
考点：考查说明文短文阅读
【名师点睛】
关于推理判断题
推理题是在掌握文章大意基础上看出作者的“ 言外之意”(between the lines)。这既要求学生透过文章表面文字信息推测隐含意思，又要求学生对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断，有些推断题要从文章结构的角度进行分析，才能推断出正确答案。因此，阅读时不仅要注重词、句的理解，而且还要分析语篇的组织结构。这类试题常以如下句式发问： What can you infer /learn/conclude from the passage? What’s the author’s attitude toward……? What does the passage suggest? The author in this passage intends to __________。 答推理题时，一般无法直接从文中找到答案，但绝不可凭空猜测，也要找到答题依据。要通过文章主旨、字里行间或文中例子进行推断，通过含有感情色彩或描述情景的词句来领会作者的态度或语气，有的题也可根据常识理解来推断。但无论怎样，推理判断要以作者态度为准，力求从作者的角度去考虑，不要固守自己的看法或观点。如本文的第31小题29.The writer quoted Peter Braude to
.
A. show how difficult it was for Edwards to do his work
B. describe what kind of person Edwards was
C. explain why he is loved by all children
D. comment on his achievement。根据文章 Peter Braude所说的话"Edwards changed the lives of millions of ordinary people who now rejoice (高兴) in the gift of their own child,""He leaves the world a much better place."Edwards改变了数百万普通人的生活，这些人因拥有了自己的孩子而高兴不已，他让这个世界更好。根据意思可知引用的话是对Edwards成就的高度评价。故选D
做这类题时一定要注意：准确把握字里行间的意思，切忌用自己的观点代替作者的观点。特别注意表达情感（如最后一段第一句的favorite一词）、态度和观点的词语。
Robots make me nervous—especially the ones which seem to think for themselves. I was embarrassed to admit this till I heard that Bill Gates, the founder of Microsoft, felt the same way.
Gates said in an interview with the social networking and news website Reddit: “I am in the camp that is concerned about super intelligence. First the machines will do a lot of jobs for us and not be super intelligent．That should be positive if we manage wellA few decades after that though the intelligence is strong enough to be a concern.”
Well, maybe I don’t have to worry about my computer and kitchen equipment yet. After I use them I can always pull the plug. But in the future, machines might find a way to prevent us from switching them off. There’s a terrible thought!
Maybe the problem with computers too clever for us is not that they are evil like some we’ve seen in sci-fi movies. What could put us in danger is that they might be too efficient. That’s what philosopher Nick Bostrom from Oxford University believes. He says that machines are indifferent (漠然) to humans and in pursuit of their own goals，the destruction of people might be just additional damageBostrom gives us an example: A machine which might have as its only goal to produce as many paperclips as possible might look at human bodies as extra material for paperclips and go after you. Because it is, well, a machine, it would not take pity on you.
It’s a good thing that American writer Isaac Asimov thought about how far robots can go and left us his three rules of robotics. They state that a robot may not hurt a human being or allow the human being to come to harm.
I’m glad my machines at home are “dumb”. All my cleaner wants to take over is the carpet in my living room. Let’s hope they don’t create an appliance which wants to take over the world!.
32.The author quoted Bill Gates’ words in Paragraph 2 in order to make the text________.
A. better-known
B. more persuasive
C. better-organized
D. more interesting
33.An intelligent paperclip machine would harm us because _______.
A. it is much cleverer than us
B. it would take over the world
C. it would see us just as material
D. it has the strong feeling of destroying us
34.How does the author feel about Isaac Asimov’s rules of robotics?
A. Optimistic
B. Sympathy
C. Disappointed
D. Regretful
35.What does the text mainly focus on?
A. The benefits of future robots.
B. The new applications of robots.
C. The concern for super intelligence.
D. The popularity of robots in the future.
【答案】
32.B
C
34.A
35.C
【解析】
试题分析：本文讲述的是机器人给我们带来的一些恐惧。
32.B细节理解题。文章第一段作者说机器人让他感到恐惧，本来觉得这个想法很尴尬但是听到比尔盖茨的话就放心了，所以比尔盖茨的话更有说服力，故选B。
33. C细节理解题。原文说A machine which might have as its only goal to produce as many paperclips as possible might look at human bodies as extra material for paperclips and go after you,机器人可能把人体看成是额外的原材料，与C选项表述一致，故选C。
34.A细节理解题。文中说It’s a good thing 这是件好事，所以作者的态度是乐观的，故选A。
35. C主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要是表达对机器人也就是超级智能的一种担心，故选C。
考点：考察说明文类短文阅读。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Robots make me nervous — especially the ones which seem to think for themselves. I was embarrassed to admit this till I heard that Bill Gates, the founder of Microsoft, felt the same way.
Gates said in an interview with the social networking and news website Reddit: “I am in the camp that is concerned about super intelligence. First the machines will do a lot of jobs for us and not be super intelligent. That should be positive if we manage well. A few decades after that though the intelligence is strong enough to be a concern.”
Well, maybe I don’t have to worry about my computer and kitchen equipment yet. After I use them I can always pull the plug. But in the future, machines might find a way to prevent us from switching them off. There’s a terrible thought!
Maybe the problem with computers too clever for us is not that they are evil like some we’ve seen in sci-fi movies. What could put us in danger is that they might be too efficient. That’s what philosopher Nick Bostrom from Oxford University believes. He says that machines are indifferent to humans and in pursuit of their own goals, the destruction of people might be just additional damage. Bostrom gives us an example: A machine which might have as its only goal to produce as many paperclips as possible might look at human bodies as extra material for paperclips and go after you. Because it is, well, a machine, it would not take pity on you.
It’s a good thing that American writer Isaac Asimov thought about how far robots can go and left us his three rules of robotics. They state that a robot may not hurt a human being or allow the human being to come to harm.
I’m glad my machines at home are “dumb”. All my cleaner wants to take over is the carpet in my living room. Let’s hope they don’t create an appliance which wants to take over the world!
1. The author quoted Bill Gates’ words in Paragraph 2 in order to make the text ____________．
A. better-known
B. more persuasive
C. better-organized
D. more interesting
2. An intelligent paperclip machine would harm us because _____________．
A. it is much cleverer than us
B. it would take over the world
C. it would see us just as material
D. it has the strong feeling of destroying us
3. How does the author feel about Isaac Asimov’s rules of robotics?
A. Optimistic.
B. Sympathy.
C. Disappointed.
D. Regretful.
【答案】
1.B
2.C
3.A
2.C细节理解题。根据第四段倒数第二句A machine which might have as its only goal to produce as many paperclips as possible might look at human bodies as extra material for paperclips and go after you. 可知机器人可能把我们人类当做原材料。故选C。
3.A细节理解题。根据第五段It’s a good thing that American writer Isaac Asimov thought about how far robots can go and left us his three rules of robotics. They state that a robot may not hurt a human being or allow the human being to come to harm. 这是一个很好的事情，美国作家Isaac Asimov考虑到机器人能走多远，给我们留下了他的机器人的三个规则。他们说，一个机器人可能不会伤害人类或让人类来伤害。可知作者感觉是“乐观的”，故选A。
【名师点拨】
细节题的破解一般采用寻读法，即先看试题，再读文章。对有关信息进行快速定位，再将相关信息进行整合、甄别、分析、对比，有根有据地排除干扰项，选出正确答案。寻读法还特别适用于对图形表格类题材的理解。做此类型的题目还要特别注意句子的逻辑关系。英语中有许多功能词，如：表因果关系的because, since, as等；表转折关系的but, however ,on the contrary, on the other hand等等。1小题B细节理解题。根据第一段第二句I was embarrassed to admit this till I heard that Bill Gates, the founder of Microsoft, felt the same way. 我很尴尬地承认这，直到我听说微软的创始人比尔盖茨也有同样的感受。可知引用比尔盖茨的话是为了更具有说服力。故选B。
考点：考查科普类阅读
B
We know the famous ones — the Thomas Edisons and the Alexander Graham Bells — but what about the less famous inventors? What about the people who invented the traffic light and the windshield wiper（雨刮器）? Shouldn’t we know who they are?
Joan Mclean think so. In fact, Mclean, a professor of physics at Mountain University in Range, feels so strongly about this matter that she’s developed a course on the topic. In addition to learning “who” invented “what”, however, Mclean also likes her students to learn the answers to the “why” and “how” questions. According to Mclean, “When students learn the answers to these questions, they are better prepared to recognize opportunities for inventing and more motivated to give inventing a try.”
Her students agree. One young man with a patent for an unbreakable umbrella is walking proof of Mclean’ statement. “If I had not heard the story of the windshield wiper’s invention,” said Tommy Lee, a senior physics major, “I never would have dreamed of turning my bad experience during a rainstorm into something so constructive.” Lee is currently negociating to sell his patent to an umbrella producer.
So, just what is the story behind the windshield wiper? Well, Mary Anderson came up with the idea in 1902 after a visit to New York City. The day was cold and stormy, but Anderson still wanted to see the sights, so she jumped aboard a streetcar. Noticing that the driver was struggling to see through the snow covering the windshield, she found herself wondering why there couldn’t be a built-in device for cleaning the window. Still wondering about this when she returned home to Birmingham, Alabama, Anderson started drafting out solutions. One of her ideas, a lever（操作杆）on the inside of a vehicle that would control an arm on the outside, became the first windshield wiper.
Today we benefit from countless inventions and innovations. It’s hard to imagine driving without Garrett A. Morgan’s traffic light. It’s equally impossible to picture a world without Katherine J. Blodgett’s innovation that makes glass invisible. Can you picture life without clear windows and eyeglasses?
4. By mentioning “traffic light” and “windshield wiper”, the author indicates that countless inventions are _____________.
A. beneficial, because their inventors are famous
B. beneficial, though their inventors are less famous
C. not useful, because their inventors are less famous
D. not useful, though their inventors are famous
5. Professor Joan Mclean’s course aims to _____________.
A. add colour and variety to students’ campus life
B. inform students of the windshield wiper’s invention
C. carry out the requirements by Mountain University
D. prepare students to try their own invention
6. Tommy Lee’s invention of the unbreakable umbrella was _____________.
A. not eventually accepted by the umbrella producer
B. inspired by the story behind the windshield wiper
C. due to his dream of being caught in a rainstorm
D. not related to Professor Joan McLean’s lectures
7. Which of the following can best serve as the title of this passage?
A. How to Help Students to Sell Their Inventions to Producers?
B. How to Design a Built-in Device for Cleaning the Window?
C. Shouldn’t We Know Who Invented the Windshield Wiper?
D. Shouldn’t We Develop Invention Courses in Universities?
【答案】
4.B
5.D
6.B
7.C
5.D细节理解题。根据第二段末句“．．．they are better prepared to recognize opportunities for inventing and more motivated to give inventing a try.” 可知，让学生做好准备去尝试自己的发明是课程的宗旨。
6.B推理判断题。根据第三段中的虚拟语气句“If I had not heard the story of the windshield wiper’s invention ”“ I never would have dreamed of turning my bad experience during a rainstorm into something so constructive．”可知，雨刷器发明的故事正是他灵感的源泉。
7.C主旨大意题。文章围绕“雨刷器发明的故事”展开，结合第一段末句 “Shouldn’t we know who they are？”可知，应选 C。
【名师点拨】 推理判断题所涉及的内容可能是文中的某一句话，也可能是某几句话，所以，推理题的答案只能是根据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即对原文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写或综合。推理判断题的题干中通常含infer,suggest,imply,conclude indicate等标志性词语。 这种题型主要包括细节判断题、态度观点推断题、写作意图推断题、文章出处判断题和猜测想象推断题。6小题B推理判断题。根据第三段中的虚拟语气句“If I had not heard the story of the windshield wiper’s invention ”“ I never would have dreamed of turning my bad experience during a rainstorm into something so constructive．”可知，雨刷器发明的故事正是他灵感的源泉。
考点：考查故事类阅读
C
September is an exciting month in every college freshman’s life. For many, it’s the first time that they’ve left home to live in a new environment. But after the hustle and bustle（喧嚣）of a few weeks, excitement gives way to a less enjoyable emotion— homesickness.
Homesickness manifests（显露）itself in many ways. You may miss mum’s cooking, your pets, or even your old bed. All this becomes a fond memory of the past. Homesickness can be a bitter feeling for many students, especially when faced with the challenges of settling into an unfamiliar environment.
But remember, you’re not alone. According to a recent BBC article, 70 percent of British college students experience homesickness. In this increasingly globalized world in which people migrate to faraway places for a relationship, education or work, homesickness is a feeling shared by many adults.
Homesickness can have similar symptoms to depression and in extreme cases it can develop into a panic attack. As for the term, homesickness or nostalgia wasn’t invented until the 17th century. It was considered a disorder by a Swiss physician, who attributed soldiers’ mental and physical discomfort to their longing to return home, “nostos” from Greek, and the accompanying pain, “algos”.
Studies in recent years, however, have shown that nostalgia may have some benefits to our mental health. After a decade of surveys and researches, Constantine Sedikides, a US social psychologist, found that nostalgia is what makes us human. He explains that nostalgia can resist loneliness, boredom and anxiety. Therefore, it’s necessary for college students to learn some ways to overcome the uncomfortable feeling.
8. From the first two paragraphs, we can infer that _____________.
A. homesickness means a fond memory of the past
B. only a few students will experience homesickness
C. homesickness is an enjoyable emotion among freshmen
D. college freshmen usually suffer from homesickness after weeks
9. According to the passage, we can know that _____________.
A. homesickness may cause mental diseases
B. homesickness is a feeling only shared by adults
C. homesickness won’t do any good to our health
D. homesickness is also called nostalgia in Switzerland
10. The attitude of Sedikides towards homesickness is _____________.
A. negative
B. supportive
C. doubtful
D. critical
11. What is the best title for the passage?
A. Let’s accept homesickness
B. How to fit in with the college life
C. A harmful emotion—homesickness
D. The disadvantages of homesickness
【答案】
8.D
9.A
10.B
11.A
【解析】
试题分析：文章介绍大学新生常有的想家的情绪，作者介绍想家带来的负面后果，但是同时作者也指出想家是很正常的，有时也给学生带来好处 8.D推理题：从文章第一段的句子：But after the hustle and bustle of a few weeks, excitement gives way to a less enjoyable emotion— homesickness.可知大学生经常在几个星期后开始想家，选D 9.A细节题：从文章第四段的句子：Homesickness can have similar symptoms to depression and in extreme cases it can develop into a panic attack.可知想家会造成心理疾病，选A
【名师点睛】
抓住文章主线和关键词语，归纳文章中心
要注意不是所有的段落都有主题句，有时主题句暗含在句中。阅读这样的文章，就需要自己根据文章的细节来分析，概括出段落的主题，从而推导出文章的主旨。分析的方法是：先弄清该段落主要讲了哪几方面的内容，这些内容在逻辑上有什么联系，然后加以归纳形成主题。11小题A标题确定题：从文章的内容：可知文章介绍大学新生常有的想家的情绪，作者介绍想家带来的负面后果，但是同时作者也指出想家是很正常的，有时也给学生带来好处，所以用：. Let’s embrace homesickness“接受想家”。是合适的，选A
考点：考查社会现象类阅读
D
A child who has once been pleased with a tale likes, as a rule, to have it retold in almost the same words, but this should not lead parents to treat printed fairy stories as formal texts. It is always much better to tell a story than read it out of a book, and, if a parent can produce what, in the actual situation of the time and the child, is an improvement on the printed text, so much the better.
A charge made against fairy tales is that they harm the child by frightening him or making him sad thinking. To prove the latter, one would have to show in a controlled experiment that children who have read fairy stories were more often sorry for cruelty than those who had not. As to fears, there are, I think, some cases of children being dangerously terrified by some fairy story. Often, however, this arises from the child having heard the story once. Familiarity with the story by repetition turns the pain of fear into the pleasure of a fear faced and mastered.
There are also people who object to fairy stories on the grounds that they are not objectively true, that giants, witches, two - headed dragons, magic carpets, etc. do not exist; and that, instead of being fond of the strange side in fairy tales, the child should be taught to learn the reality by studying history. I find such people, I must say so peculiar that I do not know how to argue with them. If their case were sound, the world should be full of mad men attempting to fly from New York to Philadelphia on a stick or covering a telephone with kisses in the belief that it was their beloved girl -friend.
No fairy story ever declared to be a description of the real world and no clever child has ever believed that it was.
12. The author considers that a fairy story is more effective when it is _______.
A . repeated without any change
B. treated as a joke
C. made some changes by the parent
D. set in the present
13. According to the passage, great fear can take place in a child when the story is _______.
A. in a realistic setting
B. heard for the first time
C. repeated too often
D. told in a different way
14.The advantage claimed for repeating fairy stories to young children is that it _______.
A. makes them less fearful
B. develops their power of memory
C. makes them believe there is nothing to be afraid of
D. encourages them not to have strange beliefs
15. One of the reasons why some people are not in favor of fairy tales is that _______.
A. they are full of absurd imagination
B. they just make up the stories which are far from the truth
C. they are not interesting
D. they make teachers of history difficult to teach
【答案】
12.C
13.B
14.A
15.B
13.B细节理解题。根据Familiarity with the story by repetition turns the pain of fear into the pleasure of a fear faced and mastered.知Familiarity with the story by repetition turns the pain of fear into the pleasure of a fear faced and mastered.当孩子们第一次听恐怖故事的时候会非常害怕，故选B。
14.A细节理解题。根据Familiarity with the story by repetition turns the pain of fear into the pleasure of a fear faced and mastered，故选A。
15.B推理判断题。结合全文可知一些人不赞成童话故事的原因在于童话故事编了一些远离事实的故事，故选B
【名师点评】本文说明了为什么有些人不喜欢童话，一方面，有些童话令孩子们害怕，另一方面，童话脱离现实。这篇文章相对而言比较难，仔细推敲文章的意思。。
考点：考查说明文阅读