江苏南通市2017高考英语完形和阅读一轮专题练习2
（2016高考模拟选编）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的选项中体裁：夹叙夹议文 296 时间：16′
Everybody knows how to learn.Learning is a natural thing.It begins the __1__ we are born.Our first teachers are our families.At home we learn to talk and to __2__ and feed ourselves.We learn these and other skills by __3__．
Then we go to school.A teacher tells us __4__ to learn and how to learn.Many teachers teach us，and we pass many exams.Then people say we are __5__．
Are we really educated？Let's __6__ the real meaning of learning.Knowing facts does not __7__ being able to solve problems.Solving problems requires creativity，not just a good __8__．Some people who don't know many __9__ can also be good at solving problems.
Henry Ford is a good __10__．He left school at the age of 15.Later，when his company could not build cars __11__ enough，he solved the problem.He __12__ of the assembly line.Today the answer seems __13__．Yet，just think of the many university graduates who __14__ solve any problems.
What does a good teacher do？Does he __15__ students facts to remember？Well，yes，we must sometimes remember facts.But a good teacher __16__ how to find answers.He brings us to the stream of knowledge so we can think for ourselves.When we are __17__，we know where to go.
True learning combines intake with output.We take information __18__ our brains.Then we use it.Think of a __19__；it stores a lot of information，but it can't think.It only obeys commands.A person who only remembers facts hasn't really learned.Learning takes __20__ only when a person can use what he knows.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要围绕“学习是怎么一回事”进行了探讨。
1．A.month
B．minute
C．time
D．day
答案 B [考查名词辨析。句意：学习从我们一出生就开始了。month意为“月”；minute意为“分钟”；time“时间”；day意为“日，天”。名词短语the minute作连词，引导时间状语从句时，意为“一……就……”，符合语境。故选B。]
2．A.wear
B．put on
C．have on
D．dress
答案 D [考查动词辨析。句意：在家里，我们学说话、学穿衣、学着自己吃饭。四个选项都有“穿，戴”之意。dress与空后的“ourselves”构成固定搭配，意为“穿衣服”。故选D。]
3．A.asking
B．listening
C．following
D．drilling
答案 C [考查动词辨析。句意：我们学会这些以及其他的技能都是通过模仿。ask意为“问”；listen意为“听”；follow意为“drill意为“练习”。根据语境和常识可知，说话、吃饭、穿衣都是模仿而学得的。故选C。]
4．A.what
B．when
C．that
D．who
答案 A [考查连词辨析。句意：后来我们来到学校，老师告诉我们要学些什么，以及如何学。根据语境和常识可知，学校老师教授学生学习的内容和方法，所谓“传道授业解惑”。故选A。]
5．A.controlled
B．educated
C．suffered
D．passed
答案 B [考查动词辨析。句意：于是，人们会说我们受过教育。control意为“控制”；educate意为“教育”；suffer意为“遭受，忍受”；pass意为“通过”。根据下句“Are we really educated？”可知，此处表示“受过教育”。故选B。]
6．A.pick up
B．turn away
C．set out
D．think about
答案 D [考查动词短语辨析。句意：让我们来仔细考虑一下学习的真正意义。pick up意为“拾起，学会”；turn away意为“转身离开”；set out意为“出发”；think about意为“考虑”。根据语境可知，此处表示“认真考虑、反思”。故选D。]
7．A.mean
B．say
C．suggest
D．show
答案 A mean意为“意味着”；say意为“说”；suggest意为“建议”；show意为“展示”。根据上句中的“the real meaning of learning”可知，此处表示“意味着”。故选A。]
8．A.word
B．thing
C．memory
D．condition
答案 C [考查名词辨析。句意：解决问题要求有创造力，而不仅仅是凭借良好的word意为“单词”；thing意为“事情”；memory意为“记忆”；condition意为“条件，状况”。此处与上句中的“Knowing facts”相呼应，表示“良好的记忆力”。故选C。]
9．A.people
B．facts
C．techniques
D．ways
答案 B [考查名词辨析。句意：一些并不博学的人也有很好的解决问题的能力。people意为“人”；fact意为“事实”；technique意为“技术”；way意为“方法”。根据上文中的“Knowing facts”可知，答案选B。]
10．A.learner
B．teacher
C．example
D．driver
答案 C [考查名词辨析。句意：Henry Ford就是一个很好的例子。learner意为“学习者”；teacher意为“老师”；example意为“例子”；driver意为“司机”。根据上下文语境可知，此处作者举例说明。C。]
11．A.new
B．fast
C．beautiful
D．cheap
答案 B [考查形容词辨析。句意：后来，当他的公司不能足够快地生产汽车时，他解决了这个问题。new意为“新的”；fast意为“快地”；beautiful意为“漂亮的”；cheap意为“廉价的”。根据下句中的“the assembly line”可知，生产线大幅度地提高了生产力。由此推知，答案选B。]
12．A.complained
B．heard
C．talked
D．thought
答案 D [考查动词辨析。句意：他想到了用生产线的方法解决生产率低的问题。complain of意为“抱怨”；hear of意为“听说”；talk of意为“谈起”；think of意为“想起”。根据上句中的“he solved the problem”可知，Ford想到了办法。故选D。]
13．A.ordinary
B．strange
C．simple
D．special
答案 C [考查形容词辨析。句意：今天看来，答案相当简单。ordinary意为“普通的”；strange意为“奇怪的”；simple意为“简单的”；special意为“特别的”。根据常识可知，现在这个问题已经不是问题了，相当简单。故选C。]
14．A.never
B．almost
C．seldom
D．ever
答案A [考查副词辨析。句意：然而，想想许多大学生从来都不曾解决过任何问题吧，这样你就觉得Ford很了不起了。never意为“绝不”；almost意为“几乎”；seldom意为“很少”；ever意为“曾经”。根据本句中“Yet”的转折可知，此处与上文形成强烈对比。故选A。]
15．A.make
B．understand
C．master
D．give
答案 D [考查动make意为“制造，使得”；understand意为“理解”；master意为“掌握”；give意为“给”。根据下句中的“He brings us to the stream of knowledge...”可知，此处是指“老师是否呈现一些事实给学生来记忆”。故选D。]
16．A.knows
B．shows
C．orders
D．encourages
答案 B [考查know意为“知道”；show意为“展现，显示，向……演示”；order意为“命令”；encourage意为“鼓励”。根据语境和常识可知，一个好的老师所要向学生展示的是学习的方法。故选B。]
17．A.thirsty
B．tired
C．bored
D．free
答案 A [考查形容词辨析。句意：当我们渴的时候，我们知道去哪里寻求水源。thirstytired意为“累的”；bored意为“厌倦的”；free意为“自由的，免费的”。此处与上句比喻中的“the stream”相呼应，指“当我们渴的时候”。故选A。]
18．A.of
B．for
C．about
D．into
答案 D [考查介词辨析。句意：我们把信息输入我们的大脑。of意为“……的”；for意为“为了，对于”；about意为“关于”；into意为“进入”。此处与上句中的“intake”相呼应，指“将信息存入大脑”。故选D。]
19．A.radio
B．computer
C．record
D．machine
答案 B [考查名词辨析。句意：就像一台电脑。它能存储很多东西，但是它不能思考。radio意为“收音机”；computer意为“电脑”；record意为“纪录，唱片”；machine意为“机器”。根据下句“it stores a lot of information，but it can't think.It only obeys commands.”可知，此处是拿人脑和电脑作类比。故选B。]
20．A.measures
B．notes
C．place
D．time
答案 C [考查名词辨析。句意：只有当一个人能够运用他所知道的知识时，学习这个过程才会发生。take measures意为“采取措施”；take notes意为“记笔记”；take place意为“发生”；take time意为“花时间”。take place符合语境。故选C。]
阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。China is a land of bicycles. At least it was back in 1992 when I traveled the country. Back then everyone seemed to be riding a bicycle. Millions of them, all black. Cars were rare. Yet since my arrival in Beijing last year, I've found the opposite is true. There are millions of cars. However, people still use their bicycles to get around. For many, it's the easiest and cheapest way to travel today. Bicycles also come in different colors — silver, green, red, blue, yellow, whatever you want.
It's fun watching people biking. They rush quickly through crossroads, move skillfully through traffic, and ride even on sidewalks (人行道)．Bicycles allow people the freedom to move about that cars just can't provide.
Eager to be part of this aspect of Chinese culture, I decided to buy a bicycle. Great weather accompanied my great buy.I immediately jumped up on my bicycle seat and started home.
My first ride home was orderly (守秩序的)．To be safe, I stayed with a “pack” of bikers while cars on the streets came running swiftly out of nowhere at times. I didn't want to get hit. So I took the ride carefully.
Crossing the streets was the biggest problem. It was a lot like crossing a major highway back in the United States. The streets here were wide, so crossing took time, skill and a little bit of luck.
I finally made it home. The feeling on the bicycle was amazing. The air hitting my face and going through my hair was wonderful. I was sitting on top of the world as I passed by places and people. Biking made me feel alive.
1．According to the author, why are bicycles still popular in China today?
A．Because they are traditional and safe.
B．Because they are convenient and inexpensive.
C．Because they are colorful and available.
D．Because they are fast and environment friendly.
．The author decided to buy a bicycle because he intended ________.
A．to ride it for funB．to use it for transport
C．to experience local cultureD．to improve his riding skills
3．How did the author feel about his street crossing?
A．It was boring. B．It was difficult.
C．It was lively.
D．It was wonderful.
．Which of the following best describes the author's biking experience?
A．The author enjoyed showing off his biking skills.
B．The author was annoyed by the air while riding.
C．The author was praised by the other bikers.
D．The author took great pleasure in biking.
参考答案1—4、B
C
B
D
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。Ralph Buehler teaches urban planning at the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University，popularly known as Virginia Tech．He has written a book about urban biking，called“City Cycling．”He says there is a reason why urban bike tiding is now becoming more popular．
“Over the last 60 to 70 years．cities in the U．S．have been adapted to the automobile．”
“Most cities took advantage of the money coming for the interstate highway system，from the federal government，starting in 1956．There was a 90 percent federal match(补贴)so the cities only had to put up 10％．It was very tempting．”
In the years after World War Two，many Americans moved to suburban communities，just outside major cities，They decided to travel great distances to and from work in exchange for a home in the suburbs．Their cars became a symbol of freedom．
But today，many people believe they can save money by living in the city．
Greg Billing is with the Washington Area Bicyclist Association．“When a person makes a change from 04 using a car to using a bike，they are saving anywhere between 8 or＄9，000 a year．”
Ralph Buehler says governments save money when people use bicycles．“Building bicycling facilities is much cheaper than building and maintaining road facilities or public transport．”
Washington，DC has also taken steps to protect bike riders．It approved a safe passing law and created areas on the road between cars and bikes．
The United States Census Bureau says 4％of the city’s workers ride to work by bike．The only city on the East Coast with more bike commuters is New York．
46．What’s the best title of the text?
A．Traffic problems are an everyday concern in many cities
B．Bicycling to work in Washington，DC grows in popularity
C．Bikes result in new problems in Washington，DC
D．Washington，DC has taken steps to protect bike riders
47．What can we know from Ralph Buehler’s statement?
A．The federal govemment supported building public transport．
B．Government invested a lot to build bicycling facilities．
C．Cities didn’t use the money from the government wisely．
D．Urban biking has been popular in the last 60 to 70 years．
48．In the years after World War Two，many Americans prefer to_____．
A．1ive in the city
B．1ive in the suburbs
C．travel great distances D．rent houses
49．What do Ralph Buehler and Greg Billing agree with?
A．Money can be saved when people use bicycles．
B．Living in the city is much cheaper than in the country．
C．Government should build more bicycling facilities．
D．Road facilities and public transport develop rapidly now．
50．What can we infer from the text?
A．Traffic problems are the most severe in Washington，DC．
B．4％of Washingtonians ride to work by bike in Washington，DC．
C．Washington，DC concerns about the safety of bike riders．
D. Mnre cities on the East Coast have bike commuters．
【参考答案】46—50、BABAC
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。
Imagine a school where there are no academic requirements，no curriculum，and no tests．Children have total contro1 of their education and are free to do what they want all day，every day．Sudbury Valley School in Framingham，Massachusetts has been operating this way since 1968．More than 30 schools worldwide have imitated the Sudbury model，and over 200 schools identify similarly as“democratic schools．”These schools are designed based on the belief that children have an innate curiosity to learn and do best when they direct their own learning．
Sudbury Vallev School admits anyone who wants to enroll(注册)between the ages of 4 and 18．Many parents send their kids from a young age because they believe that kids do best when they learn what they want to learn．Other students come to Sudbury because they had various issues in traditional school systems including rebellion，learning difficulties，and
emotional problems．
Sudbury is administered through a democratic process where every student and staff member has an equal vote．In fact，students outnumber staff 20 to 1．There’s no age
segregation(差别)；four-year-olds can hang out with teenagers．Many staff members are part time and have rich careers as historians，businessmen，psychologists，artists，among others.
Learning is self-directed and occurs informally through having conversations，starting
projects．reading for enjoyment，and playing games．If students are interested in a particular topic，they work with staff and other students to organize courses and find resources．The
requirement for getting a high school diploma is to write an essay about how they are prepared t0 be an adult．95％of students graduate．90％of graduates end up going to college，better than the national average of 66％．
Most graduates say that they benefited from a self-directed education because they were
more motivated than their peers，lacked fear of authority figures，and got a head start in their field of interest．They work hard at doing the things they love to do．
51．From Paragraph 1，we can know that_____．
A．there are curriculums and tests in the school
B．children can control their education freely in the school
C．the school has been a“democratic school”for 50 years
D．the school thinks their children lack curiosity
52．Paragraph 2 mainly talks about_____．
A．How parents send their children there
B．When parents send their children there
C．What children do in Sudbury Valley School
D．Why parents send their children there
53．Which of the following shows the school is democratically managed?
A．Students have the same right as staff in voting．
B．There are as many students as staff members．
C．The students are of the same age．
D．All staff members work part-time．
54．How can the students in Sudbury get their diploma?
A．By having conversations．
B．By reading for enjoyment．
C．By playing games．
D．By submitting a qualified paper．
55．Most graduates’attitude towards Sudbury Valley School’s education might be ____．
A．unclear
B．negative
C．positive
D．doubtful
【参考答案】51—55、BDADC