专题技能突破(8)完形填空之固定搭配、词语辨析
【技能讲解】 英语语言中有很多的词汇都有其固定的搭配习惯，例如动词、形容词、名词与介词的搭配，动词与宾语的习惯搭配等。掌握好这些固定搭配的用法，并且能区分相近的短语意思，将会帮助考生快速的、准确的找出正确答案。,近几年高考完形填空选项的四个选项一般形式完全相同，如都是动词原形、都是副词、都是名词复数等，这就要求考生能区分四个选项的单词在意义上和用法上的不同，选出正确答案。命题者深知学生在英语学习中的弱点，往往会从母语的角度设置干扰项来考察学生的英语思维、语言的基本用法，因此，考生一定要注意英汉两种语言的差异，不能简单的互译。典例剖析一、[2015·北京高考]Some guests brought presents. Others brought flowers. Some even brought desserts to __1__.
One woman, Mrs
Gilbert, __2__ Dario's mother with a book of piano music by Chopin.
1．A.order
B．sell
C．share
D．advertise
[答案] C 参加派对，人们带来甜点desserts应该是与大家分享，因此选share。
2．A.treated
B．presented
C．helped
D．served
[答案] B present sb. with sth.“赠送某人某物”。
二、[2015·江苏高考]I was required to read one of Bernie Siegel's books in college and was hooked on his positivity from that moment on. The stories of his unconventional ideas and the exceptional patients he wrote about were so amazing to me and had such a big __1__ on how I saw life from then on. Who knew that so many years later I would look to Dr Bernie and his CDs again to __2__ my own cancer experience?
I'm an ambitious writer, and when I started going through chemo (化疗), even though I'm a very positive person, I lost my drive to write. I was just too tired and not in the __3__.
It __4__ that among other things, he was an eightyyearold writer. He was actually a published author, and he was currently working on a new book.
He unfortunately __5__ last year due to his cancer, but he left a deep impression on me and gave me the __6__ to pick up my pen again. I __7__ to myself, “If he can do it, then so can I．”
1．A.strike
B．push
C．challenge
D．impact
[答案] D 根据下文可知，Bernie Siegel的书对“我”与癌症作斗争，重拾对生活的积极性产生了很大影响。have an impact on为固定短语，意为“对……产生影响”。故选D。
2．A.learn from
B．go over
C．get through
D．refer to
[答案] C 根据空格后的“my own cancer experience”可知，此处指“我”依靠Bernie医生的CD来熬过身患癌症的经历。get through意为“度过，熬过”，符合语境。learn from意为“向……学习”；go over意为“复习”；refer to意为“参考，查阅”，均与语境不符。故选C。
3．A.mood
B．position
C．state
D．way
[答案] A 根据上文中的“I lost my drive to write”和本句中的“too tired”可知，“我”太累了，失去了写作的兴致。in the mood为固定短语，意为“兴致勃勃”，符合语境。position意为“位置”；state意为“状态”；way意为“方式”，均与语境不符。故选A。
4．A.came out
B．worked out
C．proved out
D．turned out
[答案] D 根据下文中的“he was an eightyyearold writer”可知，“我”跟这位病友不经意的交谈，结果发现他是一个八十岁的作家。turn out意为“结果是”，符合语境。come out意为“出现，出版”；work out意为“锻炼，解决”；prove out意为“证明合适”，均与语境不符。故选D。
5．A.showed up
B．set off
C．fell down
D．passed away
[答案] D 根据空格前后的“unfortunately”和“last year due to his cancer”可知，此处指他去年去世了。pass away意为“去世”，符合语境。show up意为“出现”；set off意为“出发”；fall down意为“失败，跌倒”， 均与语境不符。故选D。
6．A.guidance
B．trust
C．opportunity
D．inspiration
[答案] D 联系后面的“pick up my pen again”和“If he can do it, then so can I．”可知这位病友给了作者鼓舞(inspiration)。guidance意为“指导”；trust意为“信任”；opportunity意为“机会”。
7．A.promised
B．swore
C．thought
D．replied
[答案] C 根据文章最后一句“If he can do it，then so can I．”可知，此处指“我”自思自忖。think to oneself为固定短语，意为“自思自忖，暗自想”。promise意为“允诺；许诺”；swear意为“发誓”；reply意为“回答”，均与语境不符。故选C。
三、[2015·福建高考]One of the easiest things in the world is to become a faultfinder. However, life can be __1__ when you are not busy finding fault with it.
Several years ago I __2__ a letter from seventeenyearold Kerry, who described herself as a worldclass faultfinder, almost always __3__ by things. People were always doing things that annoyed her, and __4__ was ever good enough. She was highly selfcritical and also found fault with her friends. She became a really __5__ person.
Unfortunately, it took a horrible accident to change her __6__.
1．A.lonely B．great
C．quiet
D．uneasy
[答案] B 句意：但是，当你不总是挑剔的话，生活可以很美好。lonely意为“孤独的”；great意为“极好的”；quiet意为“安静的”；uneasy意为“心神不安的”。故答案选B。
2．A.received
B．answered
C．expected
D．rejected
[答案] A 句意：几年前，我收到了一封来自17岁的Kerry的信，在信中她将自己描述成了一个世界一流的吹毛求疵的人，几乎总是因为各种事情而烦恼。receive意为“收到”；answer意为“回答”；expect意为“期望”；reject意为“拒绝”。根据语境可知，作者是收到了一封信。故答案选A。
3．A.threatened
B．interrupted
C．bothered
D．spoiled
[答案] C threaten意为“威胁”；interrupt意为“打断”；bother意为“使……恼怒，烦恼”；spoil意为“宠坏”。根据下文“People were always doing things that annoyed her”及常识可推知，爱吹毛求疵的人容易烦恼。故答案选C。
4．A.anything
B．everything
C．something
D．nothing
[答案] D 句意：人们总是做些让她恼怒的事情，她觉得一切事情都不够好。anything意为“任何事情”；everything意为“一切事情”；something意为“某件事情”；nothing意为“没有事情”。上文提到Kerry觉得人们总是做些让她生气的事情。由此可推知，此处指没有事情足够好，表示否定意义。故答案选D。
5．A.caring
B．boring
C．interesting
D．surprising
[答案] B 句意：她变成了一个真正令他人厌烦的人。caring意为“有同情心的，感到关心的”；boring意为“令人厌烦的”；interesting意为“有趣的”；surprising意为“令人惊讶的”。根据语境并结合常识可知，经常挑别人毛病的人会让人感到厌烦。故答案选B。
6．A.attitude
B．plan
C．measure
D．explanation
[答案] A 句意：不幸的是，一场可怕的事故才改变了她的态度。attitude意为“态度”；plan意为“计划”；measure意为“措施”；explanation意为“解释”。根据本段最后两句可知，Kerry改变了自己的处世态度。故答案选A。
技能演练
1.But how could
I help her ________ in with us? There had to be a way.
A．come
B．fall
C．fit
D．tie
答案：C fit in with是固定搭配，“融入、适合”的意思，符合语境，因此选C。
2．In my memory, my father could fix any problem. He was the one I always ________ for strength and security.
A．turned to
B．lived with
C．argued with
D．objected to
答案：A 因为爸爸能解决任何问题，因此总是向爸爸寻求力量和庇护，turn to “求助于，求教于”符合语境。
3．Kallie, however, was beginning to panic at the ________ of not being next to me. I told her that there wasn't anything I could do.
A．thought
B．end
C．feeling
D．sense
答案：A at the thought of“一想到……”。
4．The man bent down and gave his wife the flower, telling her who it was from. ________ being badly hurt, the old lady looked up at Tenyson with love in her eyes and gave him a little smile.
A．Out of
B．Regardless of
C．Thanks to
D．As to
答案：B regardless of“尽管，不管，不顾”，尽管受伤很严重，那位老妇人还是抬起头……。
5．________ I could tell, for the Beaches there was no difference between Su and me; I was their daughter, too.
A．As long as
B．As far as
C．As soon as
D．As much as
答案：B as far as I could tell“据我判断”。
6．My stepmother had ________ us both out of the house.
A．struck
B．removed
C．kicked
D．knocked
答案：C kick sb. out of sp.“从……把……踢出去”； remove... from...“从……把……移除”。联系语境可知C项正确。
7．Back in the eighties, when all my schoolmates were receiving phone messages on their pagers (寻呼机)，I was still getting postit notes (便利贴) from Mom saying that “Billy __(1)__”. This system of written notes seemed to __(2)__， so I never considered updating.
(1)A.left
B．called
C．sang
D．guessed
答案：B Billy“打电话”了。
(2)A.stop
B．continue
C．work
D．appear
答案：C 从来没想过更新成新产品，因为原来的便利贴“奏效”。
8．The boat was hit violently. Dad was always at his best in any danger, but at this moment he ________.
A．suffered
B．fell
C．froze
D．withdrew
答案：C 父亲“惊呆，吓呆”了。
9．Suddenly the Scout (童子军) leader stood up and said, “Ma'am, I think we can help you.” He then __(1)__ five minutes rearranging his group so that adequate space was __(2)__ for the family.
(1)A.wasted
B．left
C．paid
D．spent
答案：D spend time doing...“花时间做某事”。
(2)A.convenient
B．available
C．probable
D．comfortable
答案：B available“可得到的，可使用的。”
10．This scene moves all of the worldwide football fans and tells about the true ________ of football, inheritance and happiness.
A．meaning
B．message
C．feature
D．explanation
答案：A 足球真正的“含义”(meaning)——传承和快乐。
11．She sat at the end of the drivethru holding a ________ that read, “Have a great day.”
A．mark
B．sign
C．symbol
D．flag
答案：B sign“标志牌”。
12．Peter nodded happily and his face ________ with a smile.
A．turned up
B．rose up
C．put up
D．lit up
答案：D 句意：他的脸上绽放了笑容。light up“变得喜悦；(脸上)焕发光彩”。