天天增分(五)
满分48分，实战模拟，15分钟拿下高考客观题满分！姓名：________ 班级：________
.阅读理解
A group of psychologists led by Albert Bandura developed social learning theory, which emphasizes the fact that much learning occurs in a social context. This kind of learning, which results simply from observing and imitating the behaviors of others, is called observational learning. Observational learning helps people acquire proper behaviors in their families and cultures. By watching others, we learn how people talk to each other，what clothes are “fashionable”，and how to interact with people.
In one of Bandura's classic studies, children were divided into three groups: One group watched an adult beating up a Bobo doll, one group watched an adult ignoring the Bobo doll, and the third didn't see an adult at all. After being placed in a room with toys, but not being allowed to play with them, all the children were then placed in another room with a variety of toys, including a Bobo doll. Children in the first group tended to imitate what they had seen, mistreating the doll and even inventing new ways to abuse it. They were also aggressive with the other toys in the room.
Researchers have discovered that several characteristics of models can make learning through observation more effective. Not surprisingly, the more you pay attention to the model, the more you learn. You are more likely to pay attention if the model is an expert, is goodlooking, has high status, or is socially powerful.
Then, as teachers, how can you apply observational learning? Here are a few guidelines. Above all, model the behaviors and attitudes you desire your students to learn. For example, show enthusiasm for the subject you teach. Be willing to demonstrate both the mental and the physical tasks you expect the students to perform. Second, use
peers, especially class leaders, as models. For example，in group work, pair students who do well with those who are having difficulties. Third, you may seek the help of class leaders in modeling behaviors. Examples include letting highstatus students lead an activity when you need class cooperation or when students are likely to be reluctant (不情愿的) at first.
1. What can you acquire by watching others according to the passage？
A. A social context.
B. Appropriate actions.
C. Family cultures.
D. Knowledge from instructors.
2. What was found in Bandura's studies？
A. All the children in the test found a new way to
play with Bobo doll.
B. All the children in the test tended to imitate
what they had learned.
C. Children watching a Bobo doll beaten treated
Bobo doll cruelly.
D. Children watching a Bobo doll beaten invented
new ways to look after toys.
3. The guidelines that teachers mentioned in the last
paragraph do not include “__________” .
A. focusing on the model
B. using class leaders as models
C. showing enthusiasm for the subjects
D. demonstrating the mental and physical tasks
4. What is the passage mainly about？
A. The importance of social learning theory.
B. Learning new behavior in group work.
C. Albert Bandura and his contributions.
D. Observational learning and its application.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了著名的“波波玩偶实验”及Bandura所倡导的观察学习理念。这种理念可以运用在教师的实际教学中：以身示范，向学生展示你的行为和态度：重视榜样引领；强调自我调节等。
1.解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句“Observational learning helps people acquire proper behaviors in their families and cultures. By watching others, we learn how people talk to each other, what clothes are ‘fashionable’， and how to interact with people.”可知，通过观察别人，我们可以学会如何与人沟通、互动等行为。
答案：B
2.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句“Children in the first group tended to imitate what they had seen, mistreating the doll and even inventing new ways to abuse it.”可知，唯有第一组的儿童会模仿他们所见的，有的甚至想新招来虐待玩偶。
答案：C
3.解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段第三、四、五、六句可知，B、C、D三项均涉及。
答案：A
4.解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，这篇文章主要介绍了Bandura观察学习理念的内容与作用，最后给老师提供了在教学方面运用观察学习理念的策略。A、B两项表达的意思只涉及文章部分内容；C项作为标题，显得大而模糊。
答案：D
Ⅱ.七选五
Failure is inevitable if we are to succeed in life. Unfortunately, many people do not know how to overcome failure, and they are stopped by it when they encounter one.
Rise up and don't regret
When we fail，we might be tempted to think that we have wasted our time and thus regret it. But that should not be the case. The fact that you have done something is much better than doing nothing. Rise up and move on.
__1__
Understand that failure is there to bring you wisdom
Failure is there not without a reason.
__2__ Each failure you encounter increases your wisdom and brings you one step closer to success. If you have this，you will see failure differently. You will see each failure as an opportunity to learn.
__3__
While failure brings you wisdom, how much wisdom you will get depends entirely on your ability to harvest it. So don't waste the opportunity to learn. If you fail to do this, you may waste a lot of time by repeating the same mistakes in the future.
Don't give up; maybe you are only one step away from success
The thought of giving up is temptation，especially when we have failed over and over again. But who knows that maybe you are only one step away from success? Will you abandon the long journey you have passed when you are already so close to your destination?
__4__
Maintain your enthusiasm
__5__
Otherwise your later effort will have less and less power.
Many people who achieve great undertakings have no special quality. They are just ordinary people with extraordinary attitude. Let's be one of them.
A. You should keep on trying and do it with the
same enthusiasm as when you first began.
B. So hold on tight and don't give up.
C. it's there to give you the wisdom you need to succeed.
D. Don't be afraid of the space between your dreams
and reality.
E. If you can dream it，you can also do it.
F. Learn as much as possible from the failure.
G. The regret lies not in doing, but in not doing.
答案：
1.G 2.C 3.F 4.B 5.A
Ⅲ.完形填空
After graduation from college, I was offered a whitecollar job in an office in Manhattan. We had large
__1__
overlooking a busy street. I stood by one of them one day，when a young lady walking on sideway __2__ and made eye contact－naturally, I
__3__
.
That was the beginning of making others happy. When things were
__4__
，I stood in the window and waved at the passengers who looked up and this made me smile－work
__5__
was washed away.
Late afternoon was the
__6__
time. Rushhour traffic filled the street with cars and buses. After waving became
__7__， I tried to improve my act. I made signs，“Hi！”，“Hello！”，and “Be Happy！” I
__8__ them in the window and waved.
__9__
Day was drawing near. Job cuts were announced. Several coworkers would
__10__
their jobs. Stress reached a high point. Everyone felt
__11__
. We needed to do something to break the tension.
While working one night，a red jacket
__12__
my attention. I used my
__13__
and turned it into a piece of Santa's clothing. The next day my coworkers gathered around me and
__14__
for the first time in weeks. Just then my boss passed by. He looked up, saw me，shook his head and left.
I thought I
__15__
trouble. Soon my boss phoned me，“Mike，come to my office！” When in his office, I felt very nervous. “Mike...” Tears
__16__
in his eyes，as I sat silent and confused. When he regained
__17__
，he said，“Thanks，Mike! With the jobs cuts, it's been hard to enjoy the Christmas. Thanks for the laugh, I
__18__
it. ”
That evening, and every evening of the Christmas season, I stood
__19__
in the window. People smiled at the strange Santa. My heart filled with joy,
__20__
I made those people smile after a long day at work.
1. A. doors B. rooms
C. windows
D. restaurants
2. A. speeded up
B. looked up
C. broke down
D. pulled through
3. A. waved
B. hid
C. left
D. shouted
4. A. important
B. slow
C. right
D. bad
5. A. stress
B. pleasure
C. experience
D. challenge
6. A. quickest
B. hardest
C. longest
D. best
7. A. encouraging
B. embarrassing
C. boring
D. moving
8. A. saw
B. read
C. posted
D. painted
9. A. Christmas
B. Labor
C. Thanksgiving
D. National
10. A. seek
B. lose
C. finish
D. take
11. A. anxious
B. confident
C. useless
D. peaceful
12. A. relaxed
B. drew
C. switched
D. involved
13. A. imagination
B. relation
C. experience
D. pressure
14. A. spoke
B. acted
C. laughed
D. returned
15. A. took
B. caused
C. forgot
D. suffered
16. A. fell
B. appeared
C. dried
D. swallowed
17. A. confidence
B. anger
C. control
D. strength
18. A. chose
B. knew
C. accepted
D. needed
19. A. luckily
B. eagerly
C. naturally
D. proudly
20. A. because
B. but
C. although
D. if
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。由于作者工作的地方靠着一条繁忙的街道，并且办公室又有一个大的窗子，所以他可以通过窗子向下俯瞰。工作不忙时，他就和下面的路人打招呼。在圣诞节的晚上，作者穿上了用红色的夹克衫做成的圣诞老人的衣服，给过往的路人带来了欢乐，也缓解了公司同事因裁员带来的紧张感。
1.解析：考查名词辨析。根据第二段第二句中的“I stood in the window”可知，“我们”有大窗户，可以眺望繁忙的街道。
答案：C
2.解析：考查动词短语辨析。根据上文中的“overlooking a busy street”及下文“made eye contact”可知，当“我”眺望繁忙的街道时，一个路人抬头看到了“我”。look up意为“抬头看”，符合语境。speed up意为“加速”；break down意为“出故障”；pull through意为“渡过，克服”，均与语境不符。
答案：B
3.解析：考查动词辨析。根据第二段第二句中的“waved at the passengers who looked up”可知，“我”很自然地挥手打招呼。wave意为“挥手”，符合语境。hide意为“隐藏”；leave意为“离开”；shout意为“叫喊”，均与语境不符。
答案：A
4.解析：考查形容词辨析。根据语境可知，当工作慢下来的时候，“我”站在窗户边向路人招手微笑。slow意为“慢的”，符合语境。important意为“重要的”；right意为“对的”；bad意为“坏的”，均与语境不符。
答案：B
5.解析：考查名词辨析。根据语境可知，这种微笑使“我”没有了工作压力。stress意为“压力”，符合语境。pleasure意为“快乐”；experience意为“经历，经验”；challenge意为“挑战”，均与语境不符。
答案：A
6.解析：考查形容词辨析。根据本段后面作者做各种标志来改善打招呼的方式可知，傍晚是最好的时光。best意为“最好的”，符合语境。quickest意为“最快的”；hardest意为“最难的”；longest意为“最长的”，均与语境不符。
答案：D
7.解析：考查形容词辨析。根据语境可知，当只挥手变得有些乏味时，“我”就做了一些标志。boring意为“乏味的，厌烦的”，符合语境。encouraging意为“令人鼓舞的”；embarrassing意为“令人尴尬的”；moving意为“动人的”，均与语境不符。
答案：C
8.解析：考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，“我”就把这些标志贴在了窗子上。post意为“张贴”，符合语境。see意为“看见”；read意为“阅读”；paint意为“绘画，油漆”，均与语境不符。
答案：C
9.解析：考查名词辨析。根据第五段第二句中的“turned it into a piece of Santa's clothing”和第六段中的“it's been hard to enjoy the Christmas”以及最后一段第一句中的“every evening of the Christmas season”可知，圣诞节就要临近了。
答案：A
10.解析：考查动词辨析。根据第四段第二句“Jobs cuts were announced.”可知，因为要裁员，所以有几个同事要失去工作。lose意为“失去”，符合语境。seek意为“寻求”；finish意为“完成”；take意为“拿”，均与语境不符。
答案：B
11.解析：考查形容词辨析。根据上文可知，因为裁员，有人要失去工作，所以大家都很担心。anxious意为“担忧的”，符合语境。confident意为“自信的”；useless意为“无用的”；peaceful意为“平静的”，均与语境不符。
答案：A
12.解析：考查动词辨析。句意为：一天晚上正在工作时，一件红色夹克衫吸引了我的注意。draw意为“吸引”，符合语境。relax意为“放松”；switch意为“转换”；involve意为“包含，牵涉”，均与语境不符。
答案：B
13.解析：考查名词辨析。句意为：我发挥想象力把它改成了一件圣诞老人的衣服。imagination意为“想象力”，符合语境。relation意为“关系”；experience意为“经历，经验”；pressure意为“压力”，均与语境不符。
答案：A
14.解析：考查动词辨析。根据第六段中的“Thanks for the laugh”可知，第二天同事们围在“我”身边，这是几个星期以来第一次大笑。laugh意为“笑”，符合语境。speak意为“讲话”；act意为“行动”；return意为“返回”，均与语境不符。
答案：C
15.解析：考查动词辨析。句意为：我以为我引起了麻烦。cause意为“引起”，符合语境。take意为“拿”；forget意为“忘记”；suffer意为“遭受”，均与语境不符。
答案：B
16.解析：考查动词辨析。句意为：当我默默地坐着，感到困惑时，他的眼睛里泛着泪花。appear意为“出现”，符合语境。fall意为“落下，下降”；dry意为“弄干”；swallow意为“吞没”，均与语境不符。
答案：B
17.解析：考查名词辨析。根据上文可知，他热泪盈眶，所以此处表示他重新控制住自己的情绪。control意为“控制”，符合语境。confidence意为“自信”；anger意为“生气”；strength意为“力量，力气”，均与语境不符。
答案：C
18.解析：考查动词辨析。根据上文“it's been hard to enjoy the Christmas. Thanks for the laugh”可知，“我”需要这份欢笑。need意为“需要”，符合语境。choose意为“选择”；know意为“知道”；accept意为“接受”，均与语境不符。
答案：D
19.解析：考查副词辨析。根据下文“I made those people smile after a long day at work”可知，“我”很自豪地站在窗子那里。proudly意为“自豪地”，符合语境。luckily意为“幸运地”；eagerly意为“急切地”；naturally意为“自然地”，均与语境不符。
答案：D
20.解析：考查连词辨析。句意为：我的心里充满了快乐，因为我能够使那些工作了一天的路人露出微笑。根据语境可知，此处表示因果关系。because意为“因为”，符合语境。but意为“但是”；although意为“尽管”；if意为“如果”，均与语境不符。
答案：A