四川名山县2017高考英语阅读理解基础练习
阅读理解。阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
One evening in February 2007. A student named Paula Ceely brought her car to a stop on a remote in Wales. She got out to open a metal gate that blocked her path . That's when she heard the whistle sounded by the driver of a train. Her Renault Clio parked across a railway line. Second later, she watched the train drag her car almost a kilometre down the railway tracks.
Ceely's
near miss
made the news because she blamed it on her GPS device(导航仪).She had never driven the route before .It was dark and raining heavily. Ceely was relying on her GPS. But it made no mention of the crossing. "I put my complete trust in the device and it led me right into the path of a speeding train," she told the BBC.
W ho is to blame here? Rick Stevenson, who tells Ceely's story in his book When Machines Fail US, finger at the limitations of technology. We put our faith in digital devices, he says,
But our digital helpers are too often not up to the job. They are filled with small problems. And it’s not just GPS devices: Stevenson takes us on a tour of digital disasters involving everything from mobile phones to wireless key boards.
The problem with his argument in the book is that it’s
not clear why he only focuses digital technology, while
there may be a number of other possible
causes. A map-maker might have left the crossing off a paper map. Maybe we should blame Ceely for not paying attention. Perhaps the railway authorities are at fault for poor signaling system. Or maybe someone has studied the relative dangers and worked out that there really is something specific wrong with the CPS equipment. But Stevenson doesn’t say.
It’s a problem that runs through the book. In a section on cars, Stevenson gives an account of the advanced techniques that criminals use to defeat computer-based locking systems for cars. He offers two independent sets of figures on car theft; both show a small rise in some parts of the country. He says that once once again not all new locks have proved reliable. Perhaps, but maybe it’s also due to the shortage of policemen on the streets. Or changing social circumstances. Or some combination of these factors.
The game between humans and their smart devices is complex. It is shaped by economics and psychology and the cultures we live in. Somewhere in the mix of those forces there may be way a wiser use of technology.
If there is such a way, it should involve more than just an awareness of the shortcomings of our machines. After all, we have lived with them for thousands of years. They have probably been fooling us for just as long.
(
) 1 .What did Paula Ceely think was the cause of her accident?
A. She was not familiar with the road.
B. It was dark and raining heavily then.
C. The railway works failed to give the signal.
D. Her GPS device didn’t tell her about the crossing
(
) 2. The phrase “near miss” (paragraph 2) can best be replaced by _______.
A. close bit B. heavy loss C. narrow escape D. big mistake
(
) 3. Which of the following would Rick Stevenson most probably agree with?
A. Modern technology is what we can’t live without.
B. Digital technology often falls short of out expectation.
C. Digital devices are more reliable than they used to be.
D. GPS error is not the only cause for Celery’s accident.
(
) 4. In the writer’s opinion, Stevenson’s argument is________.
A. one-sided
B. reasonable
C. puzzling
D. well-based
(
) 5.What is the real concern of the writer of this article?
A. The major causes of traffic accidents and car thefts.
B. The relationship between humans and technology
C. The shortcomings of digital devices we use.
D. The human unawareness of technical problems.
【参考答案】1---5、DCBAB
[2017·高中毕业班调研考试]
Green tea diet has become very famous across the globe as it has many wonderful qualities which benefit our body. Green tea contains high amount of antioxidants (抗氧化剂) which help our body in many ways. If you are trying to lose your weight, it is a great
drink for you. The green tea diet is a great way to prevent many
diseases like cancer,
high
cholesterol(胆固醇)
level
in the
blood and diabetes(糖尿病).
Let's see the benefits of including green tea in your diet：
Lose Weight Faster
Weight
loss
is a health benefit of green tea that has made it popular worldwide. Green tea diet is known to have such qualities which help our body to burn fat faster than normal.
One or two cups of green tea everyday can do wonders for you.
Stay Away from Diabetes
Green tea helps regulate glucose(萄萄糖)
in the body which in turn helps to control blood sugar.
It is especially good for the people with type I diabetes. Also, it slows down the progression of diabetes once you have already developed it.
Lower Cholesterol
You avoid high cholesterol food to prevent heart
diseases but you cannot stop eating everything.
When you want to have high cholesterol food, simply have a cup of green tea with it. Including green tea diet is the best way to control and reduce cholesterol levels in your body.
Avoid Cancer
Green tea helps prevent cancer.
It is found in many researches that the polyphenols(多酚) present in green tea play an important role in prevention of cancer. If you are on a green tea diet, you can also lower the risk of cancer in your body.
Improve Immune System
Being on a green tea diet is a great way to improve your immune system. One of the health benefits of green tea
is that it is very rich in antioxidants, which help in strengthening the digestive system of your body. So, take green tea and enjoy a strong and healthy immunity.
Green tea can be also used in many homemade beauty products. Now it is up to you how you make the most of a green tea diet.
1. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A. Five Benefits of Having a Green Tea Diet
B. Green Tea Produces a Large Amount of Antioxidants
C. Green Tea Reduces Cholesterol Levels
D. Five Reasons to Understand Green Tea
2. The function of antioxidants is________.
A. to purify your digestive system effectively
B. to make your digestive system stronger
C. to extend your digestive system in a way
D. to form a special
immune system
3. According to the passage, green tea is useless in______.
A. controlling blood sugar
B. preventing kinds of cancer
C. making you look pretty
D. curing heart problems
[文章大意] 本文是一篇应用文，讲述了绿茶的功效。绿茶是一种未发酵过的茶，保留了比较多的天然抗氧化成分，对抗癌、预防糖尿病、减肥等都有作用。
1．A。考查标题判断。根据文章第一段的尾句“Let's see the benefits of including green tea in your diet”可知，A项表明了文章的主题。故选A项。
2．B。考查细节理解。根据Improve Immune System部分第二句中的“it is very rich in antioxidants, which help in strengthening the digestive system of your body”可知，抗氧化剂有助于增强身体的消化系统。故选B。
3．D。考查推理判断。根据文章内容可知，绿茶在控制血糖、抗癌、减肥、美容等方面都有作用，但对治疗心脏病未进行说明。故选D。
[2017·高三模拟]
Royal baby Prince George may have been big news when he was born last week，but he is put in the shade by this infant who weighed almost a stone at birth.
When he was born last Monday, he was the largest royal baby in over 100 years，weighing 8 lb 6 oz，and was described as“a big boy and quite heavy” by his parents.
But on Friday a baby girl named Jasleen became Germany's heaviest ever newborn at 13 lb 7 oz when she came into
the
world
without
a
caesarean(剖腹产手术)．
Mother and baby are currently being cared for at the
neonatal ward of the University Hospital in Leipzig, reports
Der Spiegel.
Jasleen's mother only arrived at the hospital on the day of
the birth, and doctors discovered that she had suffered from an
undiagnosed case of gestational diabetes (孕期糖尿病),
a
condition that can cause excessive birth weight in the newborn
child.
Jasleen,
who is 22.6 inches long, easily steals the crown
from Germany's previous heaviest baby Jihad Yagi, who weighed 13 lb when he was born in November 2011.
In March British mum Jade Packer, gave birth naturally
to a 15 lb 7 oz baby boy named George, the second largest
baby ever to be born in the UK.
He was more than double the average for a newborn, at
Gloucester Royal Infirmary.
After he arrived two weeks late his mum said,
“He was a
surprise－a big surprise, as it turned out.”
“To be honest, I don't remember it so much. It came
and went. I remember a lot of pressure, but you just get on
with it, don't you？”
He is thought to be the second largest baby born naturally
in Britain, after 15 lb 8 oz Guy Carr of BarrowinFurness，Cumbria, who arrived in 1992.
In
February last year,
a baby boy was born in China's central Henan province, weighing a whopping 15.5 lb.
Chun Chun came into the world via caesarean section，with his proud father claiming to feel very happy at the birth of such a big, fat son.
The heaviest birth listed by Guinness World Records belongs to a baby boy born in 1879 in Ohio, who weighed 23 lb 12 oz at birth and whose mother was said to be a giantess. Unfortunately, the baby died 11 hours after birth.
1、What does the underlined phrase in the first paragraph
probably mean?
A. To be popular.
B. To be outshone.
C. To be left unhealthy.
D. To be impressive.
2、Who is the second largest baby ever born in the UK?
A. Prince George.
B. A baby boy named George.
C. Jasleen.
D. Guy Carr.
3、Which of the following is true about Jade Packer?
A. Her baby didn't come as expected.
B. She suffered from gestational diabetes.
C. She had a lot of pressure making a living.
D. Her baby doubles the average weight for the newborn in UK.
4、It is learned from the text that
________.
A. Jihad Yagi still has the crown of Germany's heaviest
baby
B. Jasleen becomes the second heaviest ever newborn in
Germany
C. a baby boy named Chun Chun in China comes second in
Guinness
D. the heaviest newborn recorded in Guinness comes from America
[文章大意] 本文记录了在英国、德国、中国出生时最重的孩子以及关于他们的一些报道。
1、B。词义猜测题。根据画线部分所在句及第二、三段中对婴儿的比较可知，女婴Jasleen比皇家宝宝George王子重得多，因此put in the shade意为“黯然失色”，B项正确。
B。细节理解题。由倒数第四段中的“He is thought to be the second largest baby born naturally in Britain，after 15 lb 8 oz Guy Carr”可知，George是英国历史上在出生时第二重的孩子，所以选B。
A。细节理解题。由第九段中的“After he arrived two weeks late”可知，Jade Packer的孩子晚于预产期出生，故选A项。
D。细节理解题。由最后一段中的“The heaviest birth listed by Guinness World Records belongs to a baby boy born in 1879 in Ohio”可知，吉尼斯世界纪录上记载的出生时最重的婴儿来自美国，所以选D。阅读理解请阅读下列短文,从每题 所给的四个选项(A,B,C 和 D)中,选出最佳选项。One morning more than thirty years ago, I entered the Track Kitchen, a restaurant where everyone from the humblest(卑微的) to the most powerful came for breakfast. I noticed an empty chair next to an elderly, unshaven man, who looked somewhat disheveled. He was wearing a worn-out hat and was alone. I asked if I might join him. He agreed quietly and I sat down to have my breakfast. We cautiously began a conversation and spoke about a wide rang of things. We never introduced ourselves. I was concerned that he might have no money and not be able to afford something to eat. So as I rose to go back to the counter and buy a second cup of coffee, I asked, "My I get you something?" "A coffee would be nice." Then I bought him a cup of coffee. We talked more, and he accepted another cup of coffee, Finally, I rose to leave, wished him well, and headed for the exit. At the door I met one of my friends. He asked, "How did you get to know Mr. Gal breath?" "Who?" "The man you were sitting with. He is chairman of the Board of Churchill Downs." I could hardly believe it. I was buying, offering a free breakfast, and feeling pity for one of the world's richest and most powerful men! My few minutes with Mr. Gal breath changed my life. Now I try to treat everyone with respect, no matter who I think they are, and to meet another human being with kindness and sincerity.
(
) 1. What does the underlined word "disheveled" mean?
A. Unfriendly. B. Untidy. C. Gentle. D. Kind.
(
) 2. The author bought coffee for the old man because
A. he thought the old man was poor
B. he wanted to start a conversation
C. he intended to show his politeness
D. he would like to thank the old man
(
) 3. How did the author probably feel after he talked with his friend? A. Proud. B. Pitiful. C. Surprised. D. Regretful
(
) 4. What is the message mainly expressed in the story?
A. We should learn to be generous.
B. It is honorable to help those in need.
C. People in high positions are not like what we expect.
D. We should avoid judging people by their appearances.
【语篇解读】 本文讲述了"我"在吃早点的时候遇到一个看起来穿着邋遢的老人, 并且帮助 他买了一杯咖啡,事后得知他是最富有的 Mr. Gal breath,旨在告诉我们不要以貌取人. . 答案 B 【解析】猜测词义题.由上文中的 I noticed an empty chair next to an elderly, unshaven man 何 下文中的 He was wearing a worn-out hat and was alone.可知 disheveled 在这儿是指仪容不整, 穿着邋遢的意思.所以答案选 B 项. . 答案 A 【解析】 细节理解题. 根据文中 I was concerned that he might have no money and not be able to afford something to eat.可以判断选 A 项. . 答案 C 【解析】推理判断题.根据 I could hardly believe it. I was buying, offering a free breakfast, and feeling pity for one of the world's richest and most powerful men!可知, 作者在他朋友告诉他 那个老人是 Mr. Gal breath 之后感到很吃惊.由此判断选 C 项. . 答案 D 【解析】 主旨大意题. 根据文章最后一句 Now I try to treat everyone with respect, no matter who I think they are, and no matter another human being with kindness and sincerity.可知,作者想要 表达的是不要以貌取人.由此判断选 D 项.
Love, success, happiness, family and freedom----how important are these values to you? Here is one interview which explores the fundamental questions in life. Question: Could you introduce yourself first? Answer: My name is Misbah, 27 years old. I was born in a war-torn area. Right now I'm a web designer. Q: What are your great memories? A: My parents used to take us to hunt birds, climb trees, and play in the fields. For me it was like a holiday because we were going to have fun all day long. Those are my great memories. Q: Does your childhood mean a lot to you? A: Yes. As life was very hard, I used to work to help bring money in for the family. I spent my childhood working, with responsibilities beyond my age. However, it taught me to deal with problems all alone. I learnt to be independent. Q: What changes would you like to make in your life? A: If I could change something in my life, I'd change it so that my childhood could have taken place in another area. I would have loved to live with my family in freedom. Who cares whether we have much money, or whether we have a beautiful house? It doesn't matter as long as I can live with my family and we are safe. Q: How do you get along with your parents? A: My parents supported me until I came of age. I want to give back what I've got. That's our way. But I am working in another city. My only contact with my parents now is through the phone, but I hate using it. It filters(过滤) out your emotion and leaves your voice only. My deepest feelings should be passed through sight, hearing and touch.
(
) 1. In Misbah's childhood, _______________.
A. he was free from worry
B. he liked living in the countryside
C. he was fond of getting close to nature
D. he often spent holidays with his family
(
) 2. What did Misbah desire most in his childhood?
A. A colorful life.
B. A beautiful house.
C. Peace and freedom.
D. Money for his family.
(
) 3. How would Misbah prefer to communicate with his parents?
A. By chatting on the Internet.
B. By calling them sometimes.
C. By paying weekly visits.
D. By writing them letters.
(
) 4. If there were only one question left, what would it most probably be?
A. What was your childhood dream?
B. What is your biggest achievement?
C. What is your parents' view of you?
D. What was your hardest experience in the war?
【语篇解读】本文通过一个采访,把 Misbah 这个人的生活,成长展示给我们. . 答案 C 【解析】细节理解题.由 My parents used to take us to hunt birds, climb trees, and play in the fields. For me it was like a holiday because we were going to have fun all day long. Those are my great memories.可知,Misbah 喜爱大自然.所以答案选 C 项. . 答案 C 【解析】 推理判断题. 根据文中 I would have loved to live with my family in freedom. Who cares whether we have much money, or whether we have a beautiful house? It doesn't matter as long as I can live with my family and we are safe.可知,作者向往和平自由的生活.故选 C 项. . 答案 C 【解析】 细节理解题. 根据 My only contact with my parents now is through the phone, but I hate using it. It filters out your emotion and leaves your voice only. My deepest feelings should be passed through sight, hearing and touch. 可知, Misbah 讨厌在电话里与父母联系,因为它只剩 下了声音,而 Misbah 想要的是与父母面对面的交流.四个选项中只有 C 项能够让 Misbah 与父母面对面.由此判断选 C 项. . 答案 B 【解析】推理判断题.其它三个问题在上文中都有所涉及,只有 B 项没有.所以如果还剩 一个问题,很有可能就是 B 项