2017届四川省长宁县高考英语一轮复习阅读理解练习：4（含解析）

　　四川长宁县2017高考英语阅读理解专题练习

　　2016高考训练题。阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。The Netherlands on Monday introduced its first-ever intelligent bicycle, fitted with electronic devices to help bring down the high accident rate among elderly cyclists in the bicycle-mad country.

　　Developed for the government by the Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), the intelligent bicycle, runs on electricity. A commercial-available bicycle is expected to be on the market in the next two years and should sell for between 1, 700 to 3, 200 euros per bicycle.

　　The devices on the bike are linked through an onboard computer with a vibrating (震动的) warning system fitted in the bicycle's saddle and handlebars to warn cyclists of the coming danger.

　　The saddle vibrates when other cyclists approach from behind, while, the handlebars do the same when barriers appear ahead.

　　"Accidents often happen when cyclists look behind them or get a fright when they are passed at high speed," said Maurice Kwakkernaat, one of TNO's research scientists involved in the project. "The onboard system technology has already been at work in the car industry," he said.

　　''More and more elderly people are using a bicycle, not only for short distances, but also for longer distances," Dutch Environment and Infrastructure Minister Melanie Schultz van Haegen told AFP. "This type of bicycle is truly needed in the Netherlands because it will help us bring down the number of elderly people who are injured every year and allow them to continue to enjoy cycling," she said.

　　In the Netherlands, bicycles outnumber the population of 17 million by at least one million and there are some 25,000 km of bicycle path in the country. Those statistics are set to grow as more and more people take to two-wheeled transport, leading to an increased risk of injury.

　　Last year, 184 cyclists died in the country, of which 124, or 67%, were older than 65, according to the Central Statistics Office. The year before, 200 cyclists died, the majority of victims also being elderly.

　　The current model weighs 25 kilograms but researchers are working on making the onboard systems smaller.

　　1. The intelligent bicycle is aimed to ________.

　　A. protect the environment

　　B. help reduce traffic pressure

　　C. popularize the use of bicycles

　　D. improve safety for elderly cyclists

　　2. Which part of the intelligent bicycle will vibrate when another cyclist was suddendly found ahead ?

　　A. The handlebars.

　　B. The wheels.

　　C. The saddle.

　　D. The onboard computer.

　　3. We can learn from the passage that ________.

　　A. the elderly ride bicycles wherever they go B. the accident rate among elderly cyclists is high

　　C. the number of elderly cyclists is decreasing D. the elderly are planning to give up cycling

　　4. Which is the best title for the passage?

　　A. A Test Bicycle

　　B. Elderly Cyclists

　　C. A Smart Bicycle

　　D. A Bicycle-mad Country

　　参考答案1—4、DABC

　　阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　Some children are natural-born bosses. They have a strong need to make decisions, manage their environment, and lead rather than follow. Stephen Jackson, a Year One student, “operates under the theory of what’s mine and what’s yours is mine,” says his mother. “The other day I bought two new Star Wars light sabers(剑). Later, I saw Stephen with the two new ones while his brother was using the beat-up ones.”

　　“Examine the extended family, and you’ll probably find a bossy grandparent, aunt, uncle or cousin in every generation. It’s an inheritable trait,” says Russell Barkley, a professor at the Medical University of South Carolina. Other children who may not be particularly bossy can gradually gain dominance(支配地位) when they sense their parents are weak, hesitant, or in disagreement with each other.

　　Whether it’s inborn nature or developed character at work, too much control in the hands of the young isn’t healthy for children or the family. Fear is at the root of a lot bossy behavior, says family psychologist John Taylor. Children, he says in his book From Defiance to Cooperation, “have secret feelings of weakness” and “a desire to feel safe.” It’s the parents’ role to provide that protection.

　　When a “boss child” doesn’t learn limits at home, the stage is set for a host of troubles outside the family. The overly willful and unbending child may have trouble obeying teachers or coachers, for example, or trouble keeping friends. It can be pretty lonely as the top dog if no one likes your bossy ways.

　　“I see more and more parents giving up their power,” says Barkley, who has studied bossy behavior for more than 30 years. They bend too far because they don’t want to be as strict as their own parents were. But they also feel less confident about their parenting skills. Their kids, in turn, feel more anxious.

　　1. Bossy children like Stephen Jackson ______.

　　A. make good decisions

　　B. show self-centeredness

　　C. lack care from others

　　D. have little sense of fear

　　2. The underlined phrase “inheritable trait” in paragraph 2 means ______.

　　A. inborn nature B. developed character C. accepted theory D. particular environment

　　3. The study on bossy behavior implies that parents ______.

　　A. should give more power to their children

　　B. should be strict with their children

　　C. should not be so anxious about their children D. should not set limits for their children

　　4. What is the passage mainly about?

　　A. How bossy behavior can be controlled. B. How we can get along with bossy children.

　　C. What leads to children’s bossy behavior. D. What effect bossy behavior brings about.

　　阅读理解

　　In the animal kingdom, weakness can bring about aggression in other animal. This sometimes happens with humans also. But I have found that my weakness brings out the kindness in people. I see it every day when people hold doors for me, pour cream into my coffee, or help me to put on my coat. And I have discovered that it makes them happy.

　　From my wheelchair experience, I see the best in people, but sometimes I feel sad because those who appear independent miss the kindness I see daily. They don’t get to see this soft side of others. Often, we try every way possible to avoid showing our weakness, which includes a lot of pretending. But only when we stop pretending we’re brave or strong do we allow people to show the kindness that’s in them.

　　Last month, when I was driving home on a busy highway, I began to feel unwell and drove more slowly than usual. People behind me began to get impatient and angry, with some speeding up alongside me, horning (按喇叭) or even shouting at me. At the moment I decided to do something I had never done in twenty-four years of driving. I put on the car flashlights and drove on at a really low speed.

　　No more angry shouts and no more horns!

　　When I put on my flashlights, I was saying to other drivers, “I have a problem here. I am weak and doing the best I can.” And everyone understood. Several times, I saw drivers who wanted to pass. They couldn’t get around me because of the stream of passing traffic. But instead of getting impatient and angry, they waited, knowing the driver in front of them was in some way weak.

　　Sometimes situations call for us to act strong and brave even when we don’t feel that way. But those are few and far between. More often, it would be better if we don’t pretend we feel strong when we feel weak or pretend that we are brave when we are scared.

　　(

　　) 1. The author has discovered that people will feel happy when ______.

　　A. they offer their help

　　B. they receive others’ help

　　C. they feel others’ kindness

　　D. they show their weakness

　　(

　　) 2. The author feels sad sometimes because ______.

　　A. he has a soft heart

　　B. he relies much on others

　　C. some people pretend to be kind

　　D. some people fail to see the kindness in others

　　(

　　) 3. What did the other drivers do when they saw the flashlights?

　　A. They speed up to pass.

　　B. They waited with patience.

　　C. They tried their best to help.

　　D. They put on their flashlights too.

　　(

　　) 4. In this passage, the author advises us to ______.

　　A. handle problems by ourselves

　　B. accept help from others

　　C. admit our weakness

　　D. show our bravery

　　(

　　) 5. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

　　A. A Wheelchair Experience.

　　B. Weakness and Kindness.

　　C. Weakness and Strength

　　D. A Driving Experience

　　本文是一篇记叙文，讲述作者对weakness思考，建议我们应该承认自己的软弱的一面

　　1. A

　　细节理解题 根据第一段最后一句话“And I have discovered that it makes them happy.”及此句之前的内容可以得出答案。

　　2. D细节理解题 根据第二段第一句话“But sometimes I feel sad because those who appear independent miss the kindness I see daily”可以得出答案。

　　3. B 细节理解题 根据倒数第二段最后一句话“But instead of getting impatient and angry, they waited, knowing the driver in front of them was in some way weak”可以得出答案。

　　4. C

　　主旨大意题，文中反复提示weakness给作者带来的好处，不难得出答案为C

　　5. B

　　主旨大意题

　　综合原文，以及运用排除法，不难得出答案为C。A和D太片面， C选项中的strength文中没有提及。

　　阅读理解。

　　Can dogs and cats live in perfect harmony in the same home? People who are thinking about adopting a dog as a friend for their cats are worried that they will fight. A recent research has found a new recipe of success. According to the study, if the cat is adopted before the dog, and if they are introduced when still young (less than 6 months for cats, a year for dogs), it is highly probable that the two pets will get along swimmingly. Two-thirds of the homes interviewed reported a positive relationship between their cat and dog.

　　However, it wasn’t all sweetness and light. There was a reported coldness between the cat and dog in 25% of the homes, while aggression and fighting were observed in 10% of the homes. One reason for this is probably that some of their body signals were just opposite. For example, when a cat turns its head away it signals aggression, while a dog doing the same signals submission.

　　In homes with cats and dogs living peacefully, researchers observed a surprising behavior. They are learning how to talk each other’s language. It is a surprise that cats can learn how to talk ‘dog’, and dogs can learn how to talk ‘Cat’.

　　What’s interesting is that both cats and dogs have appeared to develop their intelligence. They can learn how to read each other’s body signals, suggesting that the two may have more in common than we previously suspected. Once familiar with each other’s presence and body language, cats and dogs can play together, greet each other nose to nose, and enjoy sleeping together on the sofa. They can easily share the same water bowl and in some cases groom (梳理) each other.

　　The significance of the research on cats and dogs may go beyond pets-to people who don’t get along, including neighbors, colleagues at work, and even world superpowers. If cats and dogs can learn to get along, surely people have a good chance.

　　(

　　) 1. The underlined word swimmingly in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ______.

　　A. early

　　B. sweetly

　　C. quickly

　　D. smoothly

　　(

　　) 2. Some cats and dogs may fight when ______.

　　A. they are cold to each other

　　B. they look away from each other

　　C. they misunderstood each other’s signals

　　D. they are introduced at an early age

　　(

　　) 3. What is found surprising about cats and dogs?

　　A. They eat and sleep each other.

　　B. They observe each other’s behaviors.

　　C. They learn to speak each other’s language.

　　D. They know something from each other’s voices.

　　(

　　) 4. It is suggested in Paragraph 4 that cats and dogs ______.

　　A. have common interests

　　B. are less different than was thought

　　C. have a common body language

　　D. are less intelligent than was expected

　　(

　　) 5. What can we human beings learn from cats and dogs?

　　A. We should learn to live in harmony.

　　B. We should know more about animals.

　　C. We should live in peace with animals.

　　D. We should learn more body languages.

　　这是一篇说明文，通过对猫狗和平相处的研究，让我们知道，人类应该和谐相处。

　　1． D 词意猜测题。 根据“A recent research has found a new recipe of success.”以及“Two-thirds of the homes interviewed reported a positive relationship between their cat and dog.”不难得出，此处应该是说猫和狗相处得很好，所以选D，意为“流畅地，顺利地”。此题易错选B，因为第二段第一句话中 sweet,但是“sweetness and light”意为“其乐融融”。

　　2． C

　　细节理解题，根据第二段“One reason for this is probably that some of their body signals were just opposite. For example, when a cat turns its head away it signals aggression, while a dog doing the same signals submission”不难得出答案。

　　3． C

　　细节理解题，根据第三段“They are learning how to talk each other’s language. It is a surprise that cats can learn how to talk ‘dog’, and dogs can learn how to talk ‘Cat’.”不难得出答案，此题易错选B，因为理解错了这句话“researchers observed a surprising behavior.”

　　4． B 细节理解题 此处的suggest意为“暗示”，根据第四段“suggesting that the two may have more in common than we previously suspected.”可以得出答案。

　　5． A 主旨大意题

　　根据全文尤其是最后一段不难得出答案

　　阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　Healthy knees aren’t the main consideration in choosing high heels, but new research says chunky heels are just as bad for the knees as spindly stilettos (细高跟鞋). “It takes a long time to feel the effects of knee osteoarthritis (骨关节炎) --- and once you do, it is too late,” said Dr. Casey Kerrigan, leading researcher of the study and associate professor at Harvard Medical School’s department of physical medicine. “I compare it to smoking --- one cigarette is not painful, but over a lifetime it is. Wide-heeled shoes feel comfortable, so women wear them all day long, “Kerrigan said. “They are better for your feet than stiletto heels, but just as bad for your knees.”

　　In the study, researchers had twenty women wear two pairs of shoes with three-inch heels, one with a narrow heel and the other with a thick one. The scientists compared how much pressure was put on the women’s knees by both types of shoes. The women also walked barefoot to test normal pressure. The scientists found that both types of shoes applied equal amounts of pressure to the knees. Compared with walking barefoot, the heels increased pressure on the inside of the knee by 26 percent. Increased pressure on the knee eventually leads to arthritis(关节炎), experts say.

　　The idea that high heels are bad for your health isn’t new --- scientists have warned women for years that they contribute to problems ranging from corns to hammer toes, tendonitis, knee pain, sprained (扭伤) ankles and back problems. But in 1998, Kerdgan and a team of Harvard researchers were the first to link high heels and knee osteoarthritis, a painful joint disease that destroys cartilage (软骨) surrounding the knee. The first study looked only at stiletto heels, and Kerrigan said she wanted to study the chunky high-heeled shoes she noticed many women wearing. “This study confirms what we all intuitively (直觉地) know that high-heeled shoes of any kind are not good for our health,” said Dr. Glenn Pfeifer, a San Francisco doctor and member of the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons who was not connected to the study.

　　5. We learn from the passage that women choose chunky heels because _______.

　　A. they want to walk comfortably

　　B. chunky heeled shoes are cheaper than stiletto heeled pairs

　　C. chunky heels do less harm to knees

　　D. chunky heels are not painful at all

　　6. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.

　　A. people got to know the high heels are bad for health recently

　　B. people have known the high heels are bad for health for years

　　C. people haven’t known the high heels are bad for health yet

　　D. people will be warned that the high heels are bad for health soon

　　7. The best title for the passage may be ________.

　　A. Taking Healthy Knees into Consideration

　　B. High-heels Do Harm to Knees

　　C. Chunky Heels and Stiletto Heels

　　D. When Wearing High-heels