四川长宁县2017高考英语阅读理解专题练习
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Will Nanfang University of Science and Technology in Shenzhen announce a new beginning for China’s higher education reform? It’s too early to answer.But its presence is challenging the Ministry of Education.Even without the approval of the ministry it seems that the school is determined to move forward and enroll 50 students, so-called child prodigies(奇才), to begin classes on March l, 2011.On graduating in 2015, these students will receive a diploma unauthorized by the Ministry of Education-unlike the students of their age from the state-run universities.
The school is committed to modeling itself on Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, but if the government will not approve the school, the situation could cause a lot of trouble for those 50 students if they want to do graduate studies at other higher learning institutions.Other schools could turn their applications down for their unauthorized diplomas.
The difficulties, however, have not frightened students and their parents away.On Dec.18, 2010 more than 1,000 students and their parents visited Nanfang University of Science and Technology for interviews.
Private investment marks the school out from other higher learning institutions in the nation.Not a penny comes from the government. So the government will have no voice in how the school will be run.
The Ministry of Education has published a comprehensive plan for education reform and development between 2011 and 2020.The goal is to make China’s higher education internationally competitive.To accomplish this goal, the government should have the courage to let the educators who have big ideas try them out.The ministry should have applauded the independence the school in Shenzhen has shown and encouraged more to do likewise.
Education reform in China has reached a new and crucial stage.Nanfang University of Science and Technology has a long way to go to prove itself competitive rather than a diploma mill.
1．Over 1,000 students and parents visited the school because
.
A．they believe that the school will have a bright future
B．they believe the government is sure to approve the school
C．the school models itself on Hong Kong University successfully
D．they will never do graduate studies at other higher learning institutions
2．The trouble the students in the school may have is that
.
A．the government will have no voice in the school
B．they won’t receive any diploma when graduating from the school
C．other schools are unlikely to accept their diploma from the school
D．they will not learn how to be competitive
3．What does the author think of Nanfang University of Science and Technology?
A．It is another kind of diploma mill.
B．It’s impossible for the school to be competitive.
C．It will never get the approval from the Ministry of Education.
D．Its independence from the government may benefit the education reform.
4．What is the best title of the passage?
A．University of New Style.
B．China’s Education Reform.
C．Modeling Hong Kong University.
D．Authorized or Not?
【参考答案】1—4
ACDA
[2017·山西省高三年级四校联考]
Research suggests that if a woman runs her household without any help, she has less interest in scaling the career ladder.
But the reason for this is not quite what you might expect, such as being too tired. According to experts, the satisfaction of being in charge of daytoday domestic tasks leaves mothers with less of a thirst for success at work. If she were indeed to “have it all”—a family life, a love life and a career —she would need to be prepared to carve up some of the home decisions with her spouse, a study suggests.
The study asked 136 men and women aged 18 to 30 whether being in control of household decisions is something they desire. Both sexes agreed that being in charge is an advantage. Then, 150 women were asked to imagine being a married mother and either making most of the household decisions or making them jointly with her husband. Those who had imagined being in control at home placed less value on things such as earning a high salary than those who had imagined sharing the running of the household.
Then, almost 650 men and women were asked to imagine one of the same two scenes but with division of household chores. The men's interest in work was not affected by thoughts of being in charge at home. And if a woman imagined having to do all the chores, without making the decisions at home, she was still hungry for power in the workplace.
Researcher Professor Serena Chen said，“This suggests it is the power aspect of household control that reduces women's interest in power outside of the home. To realise true gender equality in both private and public fields, our results suggest women may need to at least partially give up the role of household directors and men must share such decisionmaking.”
1．What could be learned from the text?
A. Women are fond of doing household tasks.
B. Women have no interest in the office work.
C.
Women can do well at home or beyond if they share household decisions with men.
D. Women can do well at home as well as in the workplace.
2．What leaves women with less of a thirst for a successful career?
A. Pressure from household tasks.
B. Lack of working experience.
C. Poor physical and mental state.
D. Satisfaction of being in charge of household tasks.
3．Professor Serena Chen suggested that ________.
A. it was hard to realize true gender equality
B. men must work as household directors
C. men and women should share household decisions
D. women should be as wise as men
4．Who would be most interested in the text?
A. Researchers. B. Breadwinners.
C. Employers.
D. Working mothers.
[文章大意]
女性如果想在事业上有所建树，她们就得把管理家庭事务的权力放一放。
1．C。考查文意理解。从全文对研究内容和结果的论述可知，妻子想在事业上成功，她就得和丈夫共同决策家庭事务。第二段最后一句也有明确提示。
2．D。考查细节理解。从第二段中信息“the satisfaction of being in charge of daytoday domestic tasks leaves mothers with less of a thirst for success at work”可知，女性从掌管家庭事务中获得的满足感导致她们对成功事业的渴望减少。
3．C。考查细节理解。从最后一段中的“To realise true gender equality in both private and public fields, our results suggest women may need to at least partially give up the role of household directors and men must share such decisionmaking.”可知，Professor Serena Chen 认为夫妻应当分享家庭决策权。
4．D。考查推理判断。文章研究妇女怎样才能在事业上成功，因此对该文章最感兴趣的应该是职业妈妈，所以D项正确。
The earth's most rich resource—water has become one of the most precious resources in the United States as rivers, lakes, and freshwater reservoirs are increasingly exploited for human use. Consequently, using precise farming techniques to refine “irrigation scheduling” is a research area of particular interest to Susan Moran, a researcher with the US department of Agriculture. She explains that in the southwest, irrigation is both difficult and expensive. There, she says, farmers have a tendency to over irrigate, spending both more time and money than necessary.
“I'm trying to provide new information that could be used by farmers to schedule irrigations to improve their profitability and use less water,”
Moran says. “Farmers often look at weather changes and then schedule irrigation based on that information. But if they had better information, they could use scientific models to compute more precisely how much water their crop is using.”
Rather than guessing their crop's potential need for water based upon weather
changes, farmers can use remote sensors to measure how much water their crop is actually using. This would give them a more accurate measure of how much more water it needs.
Moran believes that if farmers are getting good and timely measurements of plant and air temperature, then they can program when and how much water to give each crop through an irrigation system. No more water would be used than needed, thus saving cost and conserving water.
Moran introduces one study she conducted in Arizona to investigate the use of remote sensing data for scheduling cotton irrigations. Typically, those farmers irrigate ten times per growing season, but evidence showed that some of those farmers could achieve basically the same harvest with only nine irrigations.
“In those cases, one less irrigation saved more than all the cost of remote sensing data，” she states. “Both irrigation and satellite remote sensing data are expensive. But then again many farmers are used to working together as a group. They are used to sharing. I'm hoping they could do the same with remote sensing data—purchase one scene over a large area to cover many farms, which would further reduce the cost.”
1. What does Moran think is the problem with farmers?
A. Over璾sed reservoirs.
B. Precision farming.
C. Irrigation researches.
D. Over璱rrigation.
co答案解析：答案为D。 由第一段最后一句话 “… farmers have a tendency to over irrigate, spending both more time and money than necessary.” 可知，答案为D。
2. How can farmers get the new information about their crop?
A. To reschedule irrigation as required.
B. To watch weather changes regularly.
C. To use remote sensors as researchers suggest.
D. To use scientific models since computing is more reliable.
答案解析：答案为C。本题为细节题。从第三段 “…farmers can use remote sensors to measure how much water their crop is actually using.” 可知答案为C。本题容易错选D项。题干问的是 “农民如何得到关于庄稼的新信息？” 从第二段最后一句话 “But if they had better information, they could use scientific models to compute more precisely how much water their crop is using.” 可知，农民如果有了更好的信息可以使用scientific models。故答案D错误。
3. What do farmers check upon when they decide how much water each crop needs?
A. Profitability.
B. Remote sensors.
C. The cost.
D. Air temperature.
答案解析：答案为D。本题为细节理解题。从第四段 “Moran believes that if farmers are getting good and timely measurements of plant and air temperature, then they can program when and how much water to give each crop through an irrigation system.”可知，农民依靠准确及时地测量植物和空气温度，来决定给每种庄稼配给相应的水分。 故答案为D。
4. What's the purpose of Moran introducing the study she carried out in Arizona?
A. To investigate the use of remote sensing data.
B. To support her viewpoint in the previous paragraph.
C. To show how farmers can reap a harvest.
D. To criticize those farmers who used too much water.
答案解析：答案为A。本题为细节题。由倒数第二段首句 “Moran introduces one study she conducted in Arizona to investigate the use of remote sensing data for scheduling cotton irrigations.”可知，答案为A。
5. What is among the best possible ways to help save farmers' money?
A. Changing irrigation.
B. Sharing sensing data.
C. Buying one computer.
D. Extending the farms.
答案解析：答案为B。本题为细节题。由最后一段 ““Both irrigation and satellite remote sensing data are expensive. But then again many farmers are used to working together as a group. They are used to sharing.” 可知，答案为B。
阅读理解-----A
Some of Beijing Zoo’s animals are suffering menu changes because of the bird flu spread in Asia.
Gone are the lions’ and tigers’ delightful “live” chicken dinners. In their menu , instead , are raw beef and mutton. While the lions and tigers go chickenless, the zoo’s birds are also receiving some special and uncomfortable treatment these days. The peacocks in Badaling Safari Animal World, who used to be featured in the park and could walk around showing off their beautiful feathers, now are forced to stay in cages.
And turkeys at the Beijing Zoo—believed to be most likely to suffer from the bird flu virus —have been moved out of their old home to places separate from visitors. In most cases, display areas with birds have been closed for health reasons.
Yet a good thing about the present situation is that the living conditions of the zoo’s birds are being improved , with keepers keeping the display areas cleaner and not as crowded as before . Almost all zoos have done more frequent cleaning and disinfection for bird cages —measures to prevent infection.
In this special period , pigeons（鸽子）are frowned upon . In Beijing , many homing pigeon lovers use balconies （阳台）to build cages for birds . Most neighbours are fed up with these cages since they can produce waste and feathers . Now the city’s homing pigeon organization is asking all its members to stop letting pigeons out of their cages and keep cages clean. Still, pigeons and some other birds seem less lovely to people than before.
As a Chinese newspaper put it : “Doves , are you still angels ?”
1. Which of the following shows the menu changes in the Beijing Zoo?
A. The lions and tigers have “live” chicken dinners.
B. The lions and tigers eat raw beef and mutton.
C. The lions and tigers have chickens only for supper.
D. The lions and tigers have beef and mutton for part of meals.
答案解析：答案为B。本题为细节题。从第二段第一、二句 “Gone are the lions’ and tigers’ delightful “live” chicken dinners. In their menu , instead , are raw beef and mutton.”可知，狮子和老虎不再享受活鸡的美餐，而是吃生牛肉和羊肉。故答案为B。
2. We can conclude from the text that
.
A. turkeys have been moved out of the zoo because of the bird flu virus
B. peacock shows used to be free of charge
C. people can hardly see peacock shows in the Beijing Zoo now
D. homing pigeons are safe from the bird flu virus
答案解析：答案为C。本题为细节推理题。从第二段的最后一句话 “The peacocks in Badaling Safari Animal World,…, now are forced to stay in cages.”可知，孔雀现在被关在笼子里，因此人们几乎在北京动物园看不到它们了。故答案为C。
3. The underlined sentence in the text means “
”.
A. pigeons receive the best care
B. people are worried about pigeons
C. people feel displeased with pigeons
D. people show no interest in pigeons
答案解析：答案为C。本题为句意推断题。本句出现在倒数第二段的首句，也是该段的中心句（topic sentence）。结合后文 “Most neighbours are fed up with these cages ... Still, pigeons and some other birds seem less lovely to people than before”可知，人们受够了鸽子，并且鸽子和其他的鸟儿也似乎没有以往那么可爱了。这些细节都是在证明首句的中心句，表达的意思是人们对鸽子感到不愉快。故答案为C。
[2017·河南省普通高中高三毕业班适应性测试]
The United States Department of Agriculture has a program called Wildlife Services. Its job is to help protect agricultural and other resources from threats and damage by wildlife.
Often that means helping farmers deal with unwelcome visitors. This organization has experts from different fields and it has set up thousands of inquiry agencies all over the country where farmers can explain their difficulty and get practical help.
One example from Wildlife Services of its work involved a farmer in Washington State, in the Pacific Northwest. Several years ago, thousands of Canada geese landed on his fields. The geese began to eat his carrot crop. Biologists from the program suggested that the farmer use noisemaking devices and other measures to scare the large birds away. These efforts apparently succeeded, which made the farmer quite happy.
Wildlife Services also has a livestock(牲畜) protection program.
The program just offers suggestions to keep those unwelcome visitors away instead of killing them. Experts suggest providing secure shelter for chickens, sheep and other animals that could be attacked. They also suggest using lights above places where animals are kept. And they advise people who see coyotes around their property to chase them away by shouting, making loud noises or throwing rocks. For home gardeners, a twometer fence might help keep out deer. To keep out rabbits, a wire fence has to be only about a halfmeter high.
It should extend fifteen centimeters underground to keep rabbits from digging under it.
If snakes are a problem, remove dead trees and cut high grass to destroy their hiding places. And to protect livestock, consider using guard animals such as dogs and donkeys, which are very effective. Due to its effective work, ever since the Wildlife Services was started, it has been well received by farmers all over the States and neighboring countries such as Canada and Mexico.
1. The underlined phrase “unwelcome visitors” in the first paragraph refers to
________.
A. animals that attack the farmers
B. people who don't care about wildlife
C. animals that do harm to the crops or livestock
D. people who pollute the environment of the farms
2. It can be inferred from the second paragraph that ________.
A. the farmer didn't have a gun to kill those Canada geese
B. Wildlife Services involves some biologists in its group
C. the carrot crop was eaten up by the Canada geese
D. the farmers like to eat Canada geese very much
3. What is mainly discussed in the last paragraph?
A. Ways to protect livestock.
B. Ways to deal with coyotes.
C. How to protect crops.
D. How to find wildlife.
4. How is the program getting along?
A. It remains to be improved.
B. It is very popular among experts.
C. It is well received by the local government.
D. Farmers in the U．S., Canada and Mexico think it effective.
[文章大意]
Wildlife Services在保护农业方面卓有成效的工作使其受到了农民的欢迎。
1. C。考查名词指代。由第一段第二句话“Its job is to help protect agricultural and other resources from threats and damage by wildlife.”可知，Wildlife Services是帮助农民驱走危害农作物和家畜的动物的一个组织。
2. B。考查推理判断。由第二段中的“Biologists from the program suggested that the farmer use noisemaking devices and other measures to scare the large birds away.”可知，B项正确。
3. A。考查段落大意。第三段首句“Wildlife Services also has a livestock(牲畜) protection program.”是主题句，下面的内容都是围绕这一主题进行的。
4. D。考查细节理解。由文章最后一句“Due to its effective work, ever since the Wildlife Services was started, it has been well received by farmers all over the States and neighboring countries such as Canada and Mexico.”可知答案。