【金版教程】2017高考英语二轮复习训练：3-1-4 动词时态和语态b（含解析）

　　建议用时：45分钟

　　Ⅰ.语法填空

　　A．单句语法填空

　　在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

　　1．[2015·陕西西工大附中二模]Tom ________ (plan) to go upstairs to his room and rest a while, but his aunt urged him to finish his homework first.

　　答案：had planned　表示计划、打算类的动词，用于过去完成时态表示“本打算做而未做的事情”，根据语境可知填过去完成时。

　　2．[2015·安徽安庆一中四模]－I'd like a bike which ________ (ride) well.

　　－Will this one do?

　　答案：rides　定语从句中的时态与主句时态一致，且根据语意可知，从句讲述的是自行车的特性，故填一般现在时态的主动形式表被动。

　　3．[2015·安徽合肥质检一]－You look so tired and pale. Anything wrong?

　　－I hate to complain, but a new road ________ (build) throughout the night.

　　答案：is being built　根据语境可知，语境是现在的时间，整晚在修路，且“road”与“build”之间为被动关系，故用现在进行时态的被动语态。

　　4．[2015·北京海淀区期末]－Have you heard about the shark attack accident at the Sea World Show?

　　－Yes, how horrible! A trainer ________ (kill) in front of the audience.

　　答案：was killed　根据语境可知“shark attack”事件发生在过去，“a trainer”被杀也在事件过程中，因此“kill”发生在过去，陈述当时发生的事，故用一般过去时，“trainer”与“kill”之间为被动关系，故填was killed。

　　5．[2015·北京石景区一模]－Bob, could I use your computer this evening?

　　－Sorry, I ________ (write) a report on it then.答案：will be writing　根据语境前者要在将来时间用电脑，而后者表示抱歉，“then”即将来的那个时间在使用电脑，故填将来进行时态，“this evening”与“then”为关键信息。

　　6．[2015·福建厦门质检]－Laura, together with her teammates, ________ (prepare) the drama these days.

　　－I bet they will give us a great performance at the graduation ceremony.

　　答案：has been preparing　根据“these days”以及后者描述的内容可知，Laura一直在准备排练戏剧。另由together with连接两个主语时，谓语动词取决于其前面的主语，故用单数。答案是has been preparing。

　　7．[2015·福建泉州质检]I wondered why John kept it a secret. It was not until he ________ (ask) three times that he told me the truth.答案：had been asked　根据语境，整句采用一般过去时态，根据语义可知“ask”发生在“told”动作之前，且与主语“he”之间为被动关系，故用过去完成时态的被动语态。

　　8．[2015·陕西宝鸡联考一]Only when you find peace in your heart ________ you keep good relationships with others.

　　答案：will/can　根据句式结构可知，此处为倒装句，从句为一般现在时态，主句用将来时态。

　　9．[2015·安徽黄山质检二]This nationwide smog should serve as a reminder to all, indicating a high time that we ________ (reflect) on what we have done to the environment.

　　答案：reflected/should reflect　根据句式结构，可知此题考查的是“It's high time＋从句”结构，只是灵活变动了一下，故用一般过去时态或should reflect。

　　10．[2015·重庆南开中学一诊]－We could have walked to the restaurant; it was so close.

　　－Yes. A taxi ________ (be) at all necessary.

　　答案：wasn't　本题前句中“could have walked”表示“过去本该做而未做的事”，暗示发生在过去；因此，“乘坐出租车是没必要的”也是发生在过去的事实，故用一般过去时态，陈述过去发生的事情。

　　B．语篇语法填空

　　阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

　　[2015·河北唐山二模]St.Patrick's Day is one of those ___1___ (wonder) days in our kindergarten. Every year on March 17, a leprechaun (妖精) visits my classroom! He is a clever little character, and we have never been able to catch him.

　　This morning, we ___2___ (greet) with tiny, green leprechaun footprints all over the classroom. The innocence and the magic of kindergarten came out on a day like this! None of the children raised the doubt about ___3___ the leprechaun was real or not. Their faces were filled with wonder as they questioned how ___4___ had got into our classroom. They created little traps ___5___ (hope) to catch him during the day—even leaving one in our bathroom so that if he should appear again over night, he might just get ___6___ (catch) in our trap!

　　For the afternoon tea break, we had some delicious green vegetables and fruits and every child made ___7___ beautiful green card with wishes written on it. My favorite wish of all was the one made by Jacob, ___8___ said, “I wish everyone was nice to each other.” Another one I liked very much was “I wish this was going to be the ___9___ (good) day of my life.”

　　The smiles ___10___ their faces as they left school this afternoon proved that it just may have been!

　　1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________

　　5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________

　　9．________　10.________

　　本文讲述的是在St.Patrick's Day这天孩子们的活动及经历的事情。

　　1. wonderful　考查定语，形容词的用法。

　　2．were greeted　句中无谓语，由时间状语“this morning”推知应用一般过去式，主语“we”与动词“greet”之间为被动关系，故用一般过去式的被动语态。

　　3．whether　此处考查介词的宾语从句，且句中缺少“是否”含义，故只用whether。

　　4．he　考查代词。he指leprechaun (妖精)。

　　5．hoping　考查伴随状语，表示顺其自然的结果。

　　6．caught　考查get作为系动词的用法，后跟形容词或动词的过去分词。

　　7．a　考查冠词用法。中心名词“card”卡片为可数名词。

　　8．which　此句为非限制性定语从句，先行词为wish，且定语从句中缺少主语，只能用which。

　　9．best　最高级的用法。

　　10．on　介词用法，脸上的微笑，用“on”。

　　Ⅱ.完形填空

　　[2015·云南复习统测一]I have two friends who love backpacking. They spent a

　　lot of time in a part of New York State's Adirondack

　　Mountains. It

　　___1___ 46 mountains with a height of over

　　4,000 feet. The Adirondack Mountain Club gives___2___ recognition and an award to anyone who___3___all 46mountains.My two friends decided to go for this award.

　　Now what you have to understand is that___4___many of

　　the 46 mountains have well­marked___5___to their summits

　　(山顶),

　　others

　　are

　　not

　　marked

　　at

　　all.

　　You

　　have

　　to“bushwhack (在丛林中开路)”

　　using a compass and a map.

　　My friends had climbed 45 of the mountains. They had

　　just one___6___—it was the most___7___， requiring

　　bushwhacking. A hiking path led past the base of the

　　mountain, but from that point they were on their own.

　　Early one morning they left their___8___and walked five

　　miles on the hiking path to the base of a chain of mountains.

　　When they arrived, they___9___

　　that they had left their

　　compass and map in the camp. Rather than___10___the

　　camp, they decided to bushwhack without the compass and

　　map.

　　For hours they___11___ uphill experiencing the enduring

　　heat, thick bushes, and black flies. ___12___， in the late

　　afternoon they found themselves at the___13___of a mountain

　　successfully. They were exhausted but___14___.

　　The feeling was short­lived, however. When they looked

　　across the valley, they___15___another higher mountain. They

　　had climbed the___16___one! It was too___17___that weekend

　　to correct their error. They had to___18___another four months

　　to climb the right mountain.

　　This story___19___us a good lesson. Often in life we putin a great effort to reach a goal.

　　But without the right “map”and

　　“compass”，

　　it is___20___ to get “lost”．

　　作者通过讲述朋友登山的经历告诉我们：人生中要想实现自己的目标，那就需要选择好正确的方向。

　　1．A.goes through

　　B．consists of

　　C．relies on D．connects to

　　答案：B　它由46座高度超过4000英尺的山脉组成(consists of)。go through“经历”；rely on“依靠”；connect to“连接”。故B项正确。

　　2．A.special

　　B．similar

　　C．normal D．general

　　答案：A　Adirondack Mountain Club给予特别的(special)认可。similar“类似的”；normal“正常的”；general“普通的”。故A项正确。

　　3．A.describes

　　B．draws

　　C．observes

　　D．climbs

　　答案：D　攀登(climbs)完46座山。describe“描述”；draw“画”；observe“观察”。故D项正确。

　　4．A.while

　　B．since

　　C．because D．unless

　　答案：A　现在你不得不去明白的是46座山中的许多山有做好标记的小路通往山顶，而其他的山则一点儿标记也没有。while“(对比两件事物)……而”，故A项正确。

　　5．A.paths B．rivers

　　C．views D．avenues

　　答案：A　参见上题解析。path“小路”；river“河”；view“风景”；avenue“林荫道”。故A项正确。

　　6．A.occupied

　　B．left

　　C．deserted

　　D．missed

　　答案：B　“我”的朋友已经攀登了45座山，仅剩下(left)一座了。故B项正确。

　　7．A.interesting B．changeable

　　C．reachable D．remote

　　答案：D'那座山是最遥远的(remote)。interesting“有趣的”；changeable“易变的”；reachable“可及，可到达的”。故D项正确。

　　8．A.house

　　B．room

　　C．camp D．yard

　　答案：C'他们一大清早就离开了营地(camp)。house“房屋”；room“房间”；yard“院子”。故C项正确。

　　9．A.ignored

　　B．discovered

　　C．sensed D．explained

　　答案：B'当他们到达时，他们发现(discovered)他们把指南针和地图遗留在了营地。ignore“忽视”；sense“感觉到”；explain“解释”。故B项正确。

　　10．A.departing from B．traveling to

　　C．returning to

　　D．going for

　　答案：C'他们决定在没有指南针和地图的情况下穿越丛林，而不是返回(returning to)营地。故C项正确。

　　11．A.jumped

　　B．wandered

　　C．ran

　　D．walked

　　答案：D'数小时来，他们经历着持久的高温、浓密的灌木丛和黑色的苍蝇向山上走(walked)去。jump“跳”；run“跑”；wander“徘徊”。故D项正确。

　　12．A.Immediately

　　B．Surely

　　C．Finally

　　D．Hopefully

　　答案：C'最后(Finally)，在傍晚，他们成功地来到了山顶(top)。immediately“立即”；surely“必定”；hopefully“有希望地”。故C项正确。

　　13．A.bottom B．top

　　C．slope

　　D．base

　　答案：B'参见上题解析。bottom“底部”；top“顶部”；slope“斜坡”；base“根基”。故B项正确。

　　14．A.embarrassed

　　B．moved

　　C．disturbed D．excited

　　答案：D'他们感到筋疲力尽但很激动(excited)。embarrassed“尴尬的”；moved“感动的”；disturbed“心神不安的”。故D项正确。

　　15．A.admired

　　B．checked

　　C．saw D．appreciated

　　答案：C'当他们越过山谷望去时，他们看见(saw)另外一座更高的山。admire“钦佩”；check“检查”；appreciate“欣赏”。故C项正确。

　　16．A.strange B．wrong

　　C．distant

　　D．steep

　　答案：B'他们攀登上了错误的(wrong)山。strange“陌生的”；distant“遥远的”；steep“陡峭的”。故B项正确。

　　17．A.late

　　B．dangerous

　　C．puzzling D．helpless

　　答案：A'那个周末太晚(late)了而不能纠正他们的错误了。dangerous“有危险的”；puzzling“令人迷惑的”；helpless“无助的”。故A项正确。

　　18．A.save B．wait

　　C．gain D．put

　　答案：B'他们不得不再等待(wait)四个月去攀登正确的山。故B项正确。

　　19．A.sends

　　B．tells

　　C．recommends

　　D．teaches

　　答案：D'这个故事给了我们一个很好的教训。teach sb.a lesson表示“给某人一个教训”，故D项正确。

　　20．A.easy

　　B．hard

　　C．annoying

　　D．discouraging

　　答案：A'但是如果没有正确的“地图”和“指南针”，很容易(easy)迷失。hard“艰难的”；annoying“使恼怒的”；discouraging“令人丧气的”。故A项正确。

　　Ⅲ.阅读理解

　　A

　　[2015·吉林长春质检二] On the first day of school our professor introduced himself and challenged us to get to know someone we didn't know. I

　　looked round when a gentle hand touched my shoulder. I

　　turned around to find a wrinkled， little old lady with a smile.

　　She said, “Hi, handsome. My name is Rose. I'm eighty­seven years old. Can I give you a hug？” I laughed and

　　enthusiastically responded, “Of course you may！” She gave

　　me a giant squeeze.“Why_are_you_in_college_at_such_a_ young,__ innocent_age？” I asked. “I always dreamed of having a

　　college education and now I'm getting one！” she told me.

　　After class we walked to the Student Union building and

　　shared a chocolate milkshake. We became instant friends.

　　Every day of the next three months we would leave class

　　together and talk nonstop.

　　I was always listening to this

　　“time

　　machine” as she shared her wisdom and experience with me.

　　Over the course of the year, Rose became a campus icon (偶像) and she easily made friends wherever she went. At the

　　end of the semester we invited Rose to speak at our football

　　dinner.

　　I'll never forget what she taught us.

　　“We do not stop

　　playing because we are old; we grow old because we stop

　　playing. There is a huge difference between growing older andgrowing up. Anybody can grow older. That doesn't take any

　　talent or ability. The idea is to grow up by always finding

　　opportunities in change. Have no regrets. The elderly usually

　　don't have regrets for what we did,

　　but rather for things we did

　　not do. The only people who fear death are those with

　　regrets.” She concluded her speech by courageously singing“The Rose”.

　　She challenged each of us to study the lyrics (歌词) and live them out in our daily life.

　　At the year's end she

　　finished the college degree she had begun all those years. One

　　week after graduation Rose died peacefully in her sleep.

　　本文讲述了一位87岁的老太太Rose仍然坚持学习，实现了自己的梦想考上了大学，她成了大学校园里的偶像，她的话激励了年轻人。

　　1．What happened to the author on the first day of school?

　　A．He got to know an old professor.

　　B．He made the acquaintance of an old lady.

　　C．He joined the Student Union.

　　D．He had to share a milkshake with others.

　　答案：B'考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“I looked round when a gentle hand touched my shoulder. I turned around to find a wrinkled, little old lady with a smile”可知，作者在上学的第一天结识了一位老太太。故选B项。

　　2．From the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1, we can find

　　out the author's________.

　　A．concern about age

　　B．respect for the old

　　C．curiosity about the lady

　　D．complaint about education

　　答案：C'考查推理判断。根据画线句后面老太太的回答“I always

　　dreamed of having a college education and now I'm getting one！”可推知，作者对在大学校园碰到老太太感到非常的好奇，所以询问老太太在学校的原因。故选C项。

　　3．In the author's eyes，________.

　　A．Rose was innocent and generous

　　B．Rose was wise and skilled

　　C．Rose was talented and hard­working

　　D．Rose was courageous and her words were inspiring

　　答案：D'考查推理判断。第二段讲到老太太Rose那种没有因为年龄大而放弃自己的梦想，活到老学到老的这种精神使她在大学校园成了大学生的偶像，故Rose的勇气让作者感到钦佩，她的话令人鼓舞。故选D项。

　　4．Which saying might Rose possibly support?

　　A．One is never too old to learn.

　　B．A friend in need is a friend indeed.

　　C．Rome wasn't built in a day.

　　D．It is no use crying over spilt milk.

　　答案：A'考查推理判断。本文讲述了一位87岁的老太太Rose仍然坚持学习，实现了自己的梦想考上了大学，故A项“活到老学到老”，符合题意。A friend in need is a friend indeed“患难见真情”，Rome wasn't built in a day“冰冻三尺，非一日之寒”，It is no use crying over spilt milk“覆水难收”，都不符合题意。

　　1．wrinkled adj. 有皱纹的

　　2．squeeze n．/vt. 挤，压榨

　　3．instant adj./n. 紧急的；立即的；瞬间

　　4．talent n. 才能；天才

　　5．peacefully adv. 和平地；平静地

　　1．turn around 反身；扭转；拐弯

　　2．dream of 梦想

　　3．share...with... 与……分享……

　　原文：Over the course of the year, Rose became a campus icon and she easily made friends wherever she went. (wherever引导状语从句)

　　译文：在这年的学习中，Rose成了校园偶像，她无论去哪里都会很容易结交朋友。

　　仿写：If you choose only to complain and escape from the trouble, it'll always follow you wherever_you_go.

　　如果你只是一味选择抱怨和逃避困难，那么不管你走到了哪里，它会永远跟着你。

　　B

　　[2015·辽宁大连双基测试]When we hear of dangerous diseases, cancer and heart disease are often what first come to mind. Recently, a virus called Ebola has reappeared in Guinea, killing 62 people so far. It leads to high fever, bleeding and so on. Ebola can kill 90% of those infected (感染病菌的), especially in underdeveloped societies like those in Africa.

　　Ebola is named after the Ebola River, where it was first discovered in 1976. There are five different types of the Ebola virus, each named after where they first happened: Sudan, Ivory Coast, Reston, Bundibugyo, and Zaire. The deadliest of the five, Zaire, was responsible for the 2017 outbreak, and is believed to be attacking Guinea.

　　Ebola is naturally found in fruit bats, which pass on the virus to other animals by biting or sucking on their blood. Humans who are suffering from the Ebola infection might have touched the bodily fluids (体液) of the infected animals. Once infected, a human becomes a carrier of the deadly virus.

　　Since we live in an interconnected world, where the situation in one country can affect us all, the effects of Ebola are huge: damaging trade relations, affecting foreign visitors, and weakening an entire country. Already the Guinea virus is spreading fast with a few cases spotted in Conakry—the capital city of Guinea, far away from the origin of the virus. It is feared that the disease may have already reached neighboring Liberia and Sierra Leone, too.

　　Unfortunately, there are no disease­specific treatments for Ebola. Health care workers only supply the infected people with water to keep them in good condition. Since there have been many cases of nurses catching the disease from patients, they are forced to wear strict protective clothes, and in some cases, not even allowed to get close to the infected. The fact that there is no cure for the Ebola virus is what makes the outbreak a challenging one to control.

　　本文是一篇资讯报道，报道了埃博拉病毒的发源、传播途径、危害和爆发后难以控制的现状。

　　5．From the text we know that________.

　　A．Ebola is naturally found in fruit

　　B．Ebola is a highly infectious virus

　　C．Ebola is a newly discovered disease

　　D．Ebola is recently controlled in Guinea

　　答案：B　考查推理判断。根据文章第一段中的“Ebola can kill 90% of those infected (感染病菌的), especially in underdeveloped societies like those in Africa”和第三段中的“Humans who are suffering from the Ebola infection might have touched the bodily fluids (体液) of the infected animals. Once infected, a human becomes a carrier of the deadly virus”可推知，埃博拉病毒是高传染性病毒，故选B项。

　　6．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?

　　A．The causes of Ebola.

　　B．The origin of Ebola.

　　C．The treatment for Ebola.

　　D．The influences of Ebola.

　　答案：D　考查主旨大意。根据文章第四段的内容可知，我们生活在互相联系的世界，埃博拉病毒影响巨大：毁坏了贸易关系、影响了外国游客、削弱了整个国家。故选D项。

　　7．In Ebola infected areas, health care workers________.

　　A．face the danger of catching virus

　　B．take measures to protect the nurses

　　C．give water and medicine to the patients

　　D．do whatever they can to save the infected

　　答案：A　考查推理判断。根据文章最后一段中的“Since there have been many cases of nurses catching the disease from patients”可推知，医疗保健工作人员在照顾感染了埃博拉病毒的病人时，面临着被感染的危险。故选A项。

　　8．The text probably comes from________.

　　A．an English newspaper B．a tourist guide

　　C．a safety brochure D．a medical report

　　答案：A　考查推理判断。文章对埃博拉病毒的发源、传播途径、危害和在非洲国家爆发后难以控制的现状进行了介绍，故本文可能来自一份英文报纸。

　　1．dangerous adj. 危险的

　　2．bleed vi. 流血；渗出

　　3．damage vt./n. 损害；损毁

　　4．origin n. 起源；开端

　　5．strict adj. 严格的；严厉的

　　1．lead to 导致；通向

　　2．pass on...to... 把……传递给……

　　3．in good condition 情况良好

　　原文：It is feared that the disease may have already reached neighboring Liberia and Sierra Leone, too. (主语从句)

　　译文：让人们担忧的是这一疾病很可能已经传播到邻国利比里亚和塞拉利昂。

　　仿写：It is a wonder that_you_could_finish_such_a_hard_task _in_such_a_short_time.

　　令人惊奇的是你竟然在这么短时间内完成了这么艰巨的工作。