【金版教程】2017高考英语二轮复习训练：3-2-3 情态动词和虚拟语气b（含解析）

　　建议用时：40分钟

　　Ⅰ.语法填空

　　A．单句语法填空

　　在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

　　1．[2015·江苏四市一模]—What an easy examination paper, isn't it?

　　—Quite right.How I regretted that I ________ (make) such a silly mistake.

　　答案：should have made　考查情态动词的用法。“should have made”表示对过去做的事情感到惊讶。

　　2．[2015·陕西西工大附中四模]—My husband and I really liked that car，but we didn't have enough money at that time.

　　—Or you ________ (buy) it. What a pity!答案：would have bought　考查虚拟语气的用法。根据语境可知or/otherwise后的句子表示“与过去事实相反的事实”。

　　3．[2015·福建三校联考]Had I followed your advice, I ________ (be) in such an embarrassing situation now.

　　答案：wouldn't be　考查虚拟语气的用法。根据两句子之间无连词且助动词had提前无问号，可知该句是省略if后的倒装句。前句是过去的情况，后句是与现在事实相反的情况。

　　4．[2015·福州毕业班质检]—How I wish I________ (pass) the geography exam!

　　—So you're sorry that you didn't work hard.答案：had passed　考查虚拟语气的用法。wish后的宾语从句表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故填had passed。

　　5．[2015·重庆一中一诊]—I promise Shirley ________ get a new ipad on her birthday.

　　—Will it be a big surprise to her?

　　答案：shall　考查情态动词的用法。主句I promise表明此空表示的是“对他人的承诺”，故用shall。

　　6．[2015·四川雅安月考]Despite the fact that Lucy is a lovely girl, she ________ be extremely difficult to work with sometimes.

　　答案：can　考查情态动词用法。此处表示对肯定情况的推测，且表示“有时候可能”，故用can。

　　7．[2015·四川德阳二诊]If you ________ leave in this bad weather, please take an umbrella in case.

　　答案：must　考查情态动词用法。根据语境可知，此处表示“一种偏好，一定”，故用must。

　　8．[2015·北京朝阳区一模]—Congratulations！I hear you've won the first prize in the singing competition.

　　—You ________ be mistaken. I'm in the dance class.

　　答案：must　考查情态动词的用法。根据语境可知此处表示对当前情况的一种推测，并且把握十足，故填must。

　　9．[2015·福建泉州质检]I feel it necessary that everything ________ (be) ready by the time our manager arrives.

　　答案：(should) be　考查虚拟语气。“it＋be＋necessary＋从句”这一主语从句结构中的谓语动词应该是“should＋动词原形”， should可以省略。

　　10．[2015·重庆一中一诊]________ it rain tomorrow, we would have to cancel the football match.答案：Should　考查虚拟语气的用法。前后两句之间无连词，且主语为it，谓语是原形，可知此空填助动词，而且引出倒装，根据语境可知，此处是表示与将来某事实相反的条件从句省去if的情况，故填should。

　　B．语篇语法填空

　　阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

　　[2015·山西省考前质量监测]As a man was passing some elephants, he suddenly stopped, confused by the fact that these huge creatures were being held by only a small rope __1__ (tie) to their front leg. No chains, no cages. __2__ was obvious that the elephants could, at any time, break __3__ from their bonds but for some reason, they did not.

　　He saw a trainer nearby and asked why these animals just stood there and made no attempt __4__ (get) away.“Well，” __5__ trainer said, “when they are very young and much __6__ (small), we use the same size rope to tie them and, at that age, it's enough to hold them. As they grow up, they are conditioned to believe the rope __7__ still hold them, so they never try to run free.”

　　The man was amazed. These animals could at any time escape from their bonds but __8__ they believed they couldn't, they were stuck right where they were.

　　Like the elephants, how many of us go through life __9__ (hang) onto a belief that we cannot do something, __10__ (simple) because we failed at it once before? Failure is part of learning, we should never give up the struggle in life.

　　1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________

　　5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________

　　9．________　10.________

　　本文通过大象被绳子拴住却不挣脱的现象告诉我们：不要固步自封，不要因为担心失败而放弃拼搏。

　　1．tied 考查非谓语动词。大象仅由一根系在前腿的小绳拴住。rope和tie之间是动宾关系，故此处用过去分词表被动。

　　2．It 考查代词。显而易见，大象在任何时候都能够挣脱绳子。分析句子成分可知，It在句中作形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语。

　　3．away 考查动词短语。break away from...“从……突然挣脱，从……逃脱”。

　　4．to get 考查非谓语动词。他看见附近有位驯兽师，就问为什么这些动物只是站在那里而不试图逃跑呢？make attempt to do sth.“试图做某事”。

　　5．the 考查冠词。这位驯兽师说：“当它们还年幼、较小时，我们使用同样大小的绳子拴住它们。”此处用定冠词the表示特指。

　　6．smaller 考查形容词比较级。much修饰形容词比较级。

　　7．can 考查情态动词。当它们长大时，它们就习惯性地认为绳子依然能够拴住它们。此处用情态动词can表示一般的能力。

　　8．because 考查原因状语从句。这些大象在任何时候都能够挣脱绳子，但是因为它们认为不能，所以它们就待在原处。

　　9．hanging 考查非谓语动词。此处应用现在分词作伴随状语。

　　10．simply 考查副词。仅仅是因为我们曾经失败过吗？此处应用副词作状语。

　　Ⅱ.阅读理解

　　A

　　[2015·吉林长春质检二]

　　LAKE MINNEWANKA BOAT TOUR

　　Welcome Aboard

　　Just 15 minutes from Banff is Lake Minnewanka where a 90­minute cruise(乘船游览) to the Devil's Gap is sure to be the highlight of your summer adventure！

　　For information & group reservations， phone 762­3473!

　　www.minnewankaboattours.com

　　GUIDED MOUNTAIN FLIGHTS of the Columbia Ice Field & Canadian Rockies

　　Leave the Crowds Behind

　　Tour Narrated by Your Host

　　Owner/Pilot Steve Neill (from $110/person)

　　●Comfortable window seats

　　●Headsets for clients/pilot conversation

　　●Ski plane available for glacier landings

　　Reservations：1­877­344­7117

　　www.rockiesairtours.com

　　THREE SISTERS MOUNTAIN VILLAGE

　　Which stars will you be watching tonight? When you discover the beauty that surrounds Three Sisters Mountain Village, you will be surprised at how much brighter they are in the sky than on the screen. So make some popcorn, pull up a comfortable chair and settle in for a quiet night in the mountain. All the stars will be there.

　　Call toll­free (866) 388­2877

　　www.threesistersmountainvillage.com

　　PERFECT PICTURES

　　Discover the Rockies's most desirable natural attractions on a Brewster guided excursion. As national park specialists, we are proud to share the wonders of Canada's largest outdoor living museum. Our 111 years' experience ensures a most memorable guided adventure!

　　●Wildlife viewing

　　●Nature walks

　　●Sightseeing

　　Toll­free：1­800­760­6934

　　www.brewster.ca

　　RAFTING & OUTDOOR ADVENTURES

　　Youth & group rates available!

　　A spectacular adventure is waiting for you between Banff and Calgary, a short scenic drive to paradise. Join us for a fun, exciting and safe adventure in the Kananaskis and Bow Valley.

　　Adventures are available for all ages and skill levels.

　　Our professional and highly qualified guides are all Wilderness First Aid and River Rescue certified.

　　Toll­free：1­877­999­7238

　　www.insideoutexperience.com

　　本文是广告应用类文章，给广大旅游爱好者推荐了五个户外旅游的好去处。

　　1．The Smiths, a retired couple, would probably call ________ for several quiet starry nights.

　　A．762­3473 B．1­877­344­7117

　　C．(866) 388­2877 D．1­800­760­6934

　　答案：C　考查细节理解。根据THREE SISTERS MOUNTAIN VILLAGE中的“All the stars will be there”可知，在Three Sisters Mountain Village可以度过几个安静的繁星满天的夜晚。其电话是C项。

　　2．The Johnsons (aged 9～68), adventure lovers, are more likely to check ________ for more information.

　　A．www.minnewankaboattours.com

　　B．www.rockiesairtours.com

　　C．www.brewster.ca

　　D．www.insideoutexperience.com

　　答案：D 考查细节理解。根据RAFTING & OUTDOOR ADVENTURES中的“Adventures are available for all ages and skill levels”可知，这个地方的冒险旅游活动适合各个年龄段。其网址是D项。

　　3．What kind of activities do the five tours all provide?

　　A．Outdoor activities.

　　B．Adventurous activities.

　　C．Educational activities.

　　D．Free activities.

　　答案：A 考查推理判断。根据文章的整体内容可知，它们的共同点是都是户外运动。故选A项。

　　4．Where can the passage be probably found?

　　A．In a tour brochure. B．In science fiction.

　　C．In a textbook. D．In a TV guide.

　　答案：A 考查文章出处。本文是广告应用类文章，给广大旅游爱好者推荐了五个户外旅游的好去处，故这篇文章应该来自于旅游小册子，选A项。

　　1．reservation n. 预留；保留

　　2．surround vt. 包围

　　3．attraction n. 吸引物；吸引

　　4．available adj. 有效的，可利用的

　　5．professional adj./n. 专业的；专家

　　1．be surprised at 因/对……感到惊讶

　　2．settle in 安顿下来

　　3．be proud to do sth.做某事感到自豪

　　原文：Just 15 minutes from Banff is Lake Minnewanka where a 90­minute cruise (乘船游览) to the Devil's Gap is sure to be the highlight of your summer adventure! (定语从句)

　　译文：从班夫到明尼湾大湖只有15分钟的路程，在那里，90分钟的乘船游览魔鬼峡谷肯定是你夏季探险的一大亮点。

　　仿写：Children are easily exposed to the Internet culture where_violence_increases to such a degree that parents don't allow them to go online.

　　孩子们很容易接触到互联网文化，在那里暴力增加到如此程度，以致于家长不允许他们上网。

　　B

　　[2015·山东潍坊一模] The poaching, or illegal killing, of rhinos (犀牛) in South Africa is growing worse each year. The government recently reported that a record number of rhinos were poached in 2017, a year which had more rhino killings in South Africa than ever before.

　　The World Wildlife Fund, or WWF, says about 20,000 rhinos live in South Africa. That is more than 80 percent of the rhinos in the world. Edna Molewa, South Africa's Environment Minister, says, “During 2017, we are sad to say this, 1,215 rhinos were killed. This is a rise in the number of poached rhinos from 1,004 in 2017 and indeed very worrying.”

　　The animals are hunted for their horns (角). Many people in Asia believe the horn has curing power, which drives poachers, at all costs， mad for more horns. But there is no scientific evidence for this belief. The horn is made of keratin. That is the same thing as human hair, fingernails and toenails.

　　Ms. Molewa said 386 suspected poachers were arrested last year, an increase from the year before. But rhino protection workers say poachers often go unpunished after arrest. South Africa's legal system is ineffective. Ms. Molewa said more needs to be done and South Africa is taking strong measures to protect rhinos. The efforts include moving some of the animals to secret places in neighboring countries. “Now approximately 100 rhinos have been moved to neighboring states in the SADC region during 2017 and 200 more rhinos will be moved this year.” Molewa said.

　　Jo Shaw, the rhino program manager at the WWF, said, “We're talking about a loss of a hundred rhinos a month, or more than three a day. We really need to see effective action not just at a national level but internationally.” She says officials should find the criminal groups responsible for the poaching and punish them. Government officials are to meet in Botswana in March at the Inter­governmental Conference on Illegal Wildlife Trade.

　　本文讲述了犀牛被猎杀的现状、原因及相关的应对策略。

　　5．What do we know about rhinos?

　　A．Half of rhinos live in South Africa.

　　B．Less than 1,000 rhinos were killed in 2017.

　　C．The killing reached the highest point in 2017.

　　D．There are only 20,000 rhinos left in the world.

　　答案：C 考查推理判断。根据第一段的第二句“The government recently reported that a record number of rhinos were poached in 2017, a year which had more rhino killings in South Africa than ever before”可推知，2017年非法猎杀犀牛的数量是有史以来最多的，即C项正确。

　　6．What is the main reason for people to hunt rhinos?

　　A．To get more keratin.

　　B．To protect the farmland.

　　C．To use them for decoration.

　　D．To make money from horns.

　　答案：D 考查推理判断。根据第三段的内容可推知，人们猎杀犀牛的主要原因是想用犀牛角来赚钱，即D项正确。

　　7．Jo Shaw thinks that ________.

　　A．many criminal groups are well organized

　　B．new laws are needed to punish the killers

　　C．rhino protection needs international cooperation

　　D．conferences about protecting rhinos are to be held every year

　　答案：C 考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“We really need to see effective action not just at a national level but internationally”可知，Jo Shaw认为犀牛保护需要国际间的合作，即C项正确。

　　8．What can we infer from the text?

　　A．Rhino protection has a long way to go.

　　B．No one would like to buy horns in the future.

　　C．The illegal killing of rhinos will soon disappear.

　　D．Rhinos living in South Africa will move to other countries.

　　答案：A 考查推理判断。根据第四段的第二句和第三句“But rhino protection workers say poachers often go unpunished after arrest. South Africa's legal system is ineffective”以及最后一段的内容可推知，保护犀牛还有很长的路要走，即A项正确。

　　1．illegal adj. 非法的2.evidence n. 证据

　　3．suspect n．/vt. 怀疑；嫌疑犯

　　4．arrest vt. 逮捕；吸引

　　5．responsible adj. 负责的；可靠的

　　1．at all costs 不惜一切代价

　　2．be made of 由……材料制成(看得出材料)

　　3．take measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事

　　原文：Now approximately 100 rhinos have been moved to neighboring states in the SADC region during 2017 and 200 more rhinos will be moved this year. (被动语态)

　　译文：现在大约100头犀牛在2017年期间已被转移到邻近的州，并且200多头犀牛在今年将被转移。

　　仿写：For the sake of people's health and happiness, measures_should_be_taken to prevent pollution and every－one should make a great contribution to it.

　　为了人们的健康幸福，应当采取措施阻止污染，而且每个人都应为此做出巨大贡献。

　　Ⅲ.七选五

　　根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

　　[2015·辽宁五校联考]Smoggy weather has become common in China. But these days, air pollution levels in the northeastern city of Harbin surpassed the previous record levels.

　　The city was essentially shut down after PM2.5, fine particulate (微粒的) pollution that is considered dangerous, reached levels of 1,000 micrograms per cubic meter－__1__. Schools, motorways and an airport were closed on Tuesday as visibility in some areas of the city dropped to less than 10 meters.

　　__2__. It stated that there is “sufficient evidence” that exposure to outdoor air pollution causes lung cancer. __3__.Moreover, it's said that exposure has increased significantly particularly in “rapidly industrial countries with large populations”．

　　On the Chinese social media site Weibo, many users complained about the pollution and shared their concerns.__4__. Nowadays, there is a sarcastic play on the expression “serve the people”， as the two have a similar pronunciation.

　　“__5__. There won't be a sudden outbreak of symptoms, but normally three to five days after the smoggy weather occurs, there is a peak in the number of people seeing doctors，” Deng Ying, a doctor at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University was quoted as saying.

　　A．The impact of air pollution on people will be gradual

　　B．Smog has been regarded as the biggest killer nowadays in China

　　C．Just days previously, the World Health Organization classified air pollution as carcinogen (致癌物)

　　D．The faster smog comes, the faster it goes away

　　E．References to “feed people with smog” have become popular on Weibo

　　F．40 times the safety level reminded by the World Health Organization

　　G．And meanwhile, the risk of bladder cancer is also closely connected with it

　　本文讲述了雾霾天气对于人类健康的影响，甚至会导致癌症。

　　1．F　承接上文“...reached levels of 1,000 micrograms per cubic meter”， 故选F项。

　　2．C　段首句概括全段，引起下文，C项符合语境。

　　3．G　由G项中的“And meanwhile”及“bladder cancer”可知与该空前一句中“lung cancer”呼应，G项符合语境。

　　4．E　该空后serve the people“为人民服务”，与E项中提到的feed people with smog “喂人民服‘雾’”正与该空后的as the two have a similar pronunciation“二者有相似的发音”相吻合，故选E项。

　　5．A　A项意为“空气污染对人们的影响是渐进的”与该空后“不会有突然爆发的症状”语意连接顺畅，故A项正确。