2017届湖南省长沙市望城区高考英语一轮复习完形填空和阅读理解训练：10（含解析）

　　长沙市望城区2017高考英语完形和阅理一轮练习10

　　[2017·云南省第一次高中毕业班复习统一检测]

　　I was born is Schuyler County, Illinois. I __1__ the first twelve years there. My parents __2__on a farm about three miles southwest of the county. Living in the county, it was quite a __3__ to go to town. __4__ a circus would come to

　　Rushville, and my father and mother would take my sister, Edith, and me to __5__ the sights.

　　But the one situation that still remains so __6__ in my mind was being privileged to see the play, Uncle Tom's Cabin. I was about five years old at the time, and I had not __7__ to school yet. The play was given in a tent on a vacant lot.

　　My father and mother, with my sisters and me, __8__ to town in a carriage, drawn by a team of spirited driving __9__. Father was late getting his evening work __10__， and when we arrived at the show, there was standing __11__ only. Of course, I was too small to see well, as we were in the back of the tent, so father __12__ me up on his shoulders.

　　In the time between then and the __13__， I have sat in a large Hollywood Bowl in Los Angeles and marveled(惊叹) at the vast crowd of __14__ there. However, of all the __15__ I have witnessed, the little play, Uncle Tom's Cabin, still remains most __16__ in my mind. I did not understand __17__the moral of the play at the time, __18__in later years, when studying history, I knew it __19__ the freeing of the slaves and also the cause of the great __20__ between the North and the South. But the golden memories will be in my mind forever to remind me of the hard pleasure from the hard times.

　　1．A. delayed B. formed

　　C. experienced

　　D. spent

　　2．A. fed

　　B. decided

　　C. lived

　　D. relied

　　3．A. dinner

　　B. treat

　　C. chance

　　D. challenge

　　4．A. On occasion

　　B. In public

　　C. In advance

　　D. On time

　　5．A. meet

　　B. enjoy

　　C. miss

　　D. touch

　　6．A. vaguely

　　B. quickly

　　C. vividly

　　D. simply

　　7．A. refused

　　B. planned

　　C. reported

　　D. started

　　8．A. drove

　　B. rode

　　C. started

　　D. sent

　　9．A. cows

　　B. horses

　　C. trains

　　D. bikes

　　10．A. continued

　　B. carried

　　C. finished

　　D. managed

　　11．A. space

　　B. area

　　C. direction

　　D. room

　　12．A. held

　　B. called

　　C. took

　　D. shut

　　13．A. former

　　B. present

　　C. latter

　　D. absent

　　14．A. teachers

　　B. children

　　C. people

　　D. actresses

　　15．A. examination

　　B. entertainment

　　C. inspection

　　D. environment

　　16．A. divided

　　B. loaded

　　C. shared

　　D. fixed

　　17．A. completely

　　B. deeply

　　C. immediately

　　D. widely

　　18．A. so

　　B. and

　　C. for

　　D. but

　　19．A. contained

　　B. involved

　　C. instructed

　　D. disclosed

　　20．A. union

　　B. trouble

　　C. conflict

　　D. friendship

　　[文章大意]　作者回忆起童年在乡下时和父母一起去看舞台剧《汤姆叔叔的小屋》的一些情景。

　　1．D。这里指作者在Schuyler County, Illinois 度过的12年时光，spend 和years 形成动宾关系。

　　2．C。句中的“about three miles southwest of the county”说明这里指的是当时作者全家居住的环境。

　　3．B。句中的“Living in the county”说明能进一次城可真是一大乐事，treat 在这里是名词，意为“款待；乐事”，是对当时的情况来说一次难得的享受和放松。

　　4．A。上一句的“Living in the county”说明能看马戏团的演出只是偶尔才会发生的，频率并不是很高，on occasion 意为“偶尔”，符合当时的情境。

　　5．B。因为能看到这样的演出的机会并不多，所以作者的全家应该是很享受这样的过程，所以用 enjoy 表示“享受；欣赏”。

　　6．C。下文所描述的是作者至今难忘的一次经历，在他的记忆中简直是栩栩如生，所以用vividly 指“栩栩如生地；历历在目地”，说明这次的经历印象之深刻。

　　7．D。句中的“about five years old at the time”说明当时作者还没有开始上学。

　　8．A。句中的 carriage 说明作者全家是乘坐一辆马车去的。

　　9．B。句中的“drawn by a team of spirited driving”说明是由一些精神抖擞的马儿拉着马车前往目的地。

　　10．C。爸爸迟到的原因是因为非要完成工作，如果不是这样就不会迟到了，所以用 finished。

　　11．D。既然去晚了，就没有座位，只有可容站立的地方，这里的 room 是一个不可数名词，和下句的“up on his shoulders”吻合。

　　12．A。句中的“too small to see well”说明作者无法看清，所以爸爸将其举起，坐在爸爸的双肩上让作者欣赏。

　　13．B。本句“... have sat in a large Hollywood Bowl in Los Angeles...”说的是现在作者的经历，then 和现在 present 形成鲜明的对比。

　　14．C。句中的 vast crowd of 说明这里指的是观众之多，所以用people 指代观众。

　　15．B。作者为我们介绍的是带给他娱乐享受的东西，比如上文提到的看马戏团的演出，看戏剧等等都是属于生活中的娱乐。

　　16．D。本空和第二段第一句话“... remains so vividly in my mind...”吻合，说明这次记忆让作者印象深刻，和 be fixed in the mind 吻合。

　　17．A。作者当时尚年幼，对这个著作的寓意还不能完全理解，completely 是相对于其年龄而言。

　　18．D。作者在学习了历史之后对这部著作里的故事才有所理解，句中前后时间对应，形成对比，“理解”和“不理解”也形成对比，是转折关系，所以用but。

　　19．B。后来作者了解了这本书和解放奴隶有关，所以用 involve 表示“相关”，而 disclose 意为“揭露”，指揭露一些不良现象，本空后的“the freeing of the slaves”和disclose 不能形成动宾关系。

　　20．C。本句中的 the North and the South 指的是美国内战前夕北部和南部之间的矛盾，所以选择 conflict。

　　阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　The latest research suggests that the key factor separating geniuses from the merely accomplished is not I. Q. , a generally bad predictor of success. Instead, it’s purposeful practice. Top performers spend more hours practising their craft. If you wanted to picture how a typical genius might develop, you’d take a girl who possessed a slightly above average language ability. It wouldn’t have to be a big talent, just enough so that she might gain some sense of distinction. Then you would want her to meet, say, a novelist, who coincidentally shared some similar qualities. Maybe the writer was from the same town, had the same family background, or, shared the same birthday.

　　This contact would give the girl a vision of her future self. It would give her some idea of a fascinating circle she might someday join. It would also help if one of her parents died when she was 12, giving her a strong sense of insecurity and fuelling a desperate need for success. Armed with this ambition, she would read novels and life stories of writers without end. This would give her a primary know-ledge of her field. She’d be able to see new writing in deeper ways and quickly understand its inner workings.

　　Then she would practise writing. Her practice would be slow, painstaking and error-focused. By practising in this way, she delays the automatizing process. Her mind wants to turn conscious, newly learned skills into unconscious, automatically performed skills. By practising slowly, by breaking skills down into tiny parts and repeating, she forces the brain to internalize a better pattern of performance. Then she would find an adviser who would provide a constant stream of feedback, viewing her performance from the outside, correcting the smallest errors, pushing her to take on tougher challenges. By now she is redoing problems—how do I get characters into a room—dozens and dozens of times. She is establishing habits of thought she can call upon in order to understand or solve future problems.

　　The primary quality our young writer possesses is not some mysterious genius. It’s the ability to develop a purposeful, laborious and boring practice routine. The latest research takes some of the magic out of great achievement. But it underlines a fact that is often neglected. Public discussion is affected by genetics and what we’re “hard-wired” to do. And it’s true that genes play a role in our capabilities. But the brain is also very plastic. We construct ourselves through behaviour.

　　1. The passage mainly deals with　.　

　　A. the function of I. Q. in cultivating a writer

　　B. the relationship between genius and success

　　C. the decisive factor in making a genius

　　D. the way of gaining some sense of distinction

　　2. By reading novels and writers’ stories, the girl could　.　

　　A. come to understand the inner structure of writing

　　B. join a fascinating circle of writers someday

　　C. share with a novelist her likes and dislikes

　　D. learn from the living examples to establish a sense of security

　　3. In the girl’s long painstaking training process, 　.　

　　A. her adviser forms a primary challenging force to her success

　　B. her writing turns into an automatic pattern of performance

　　C. she acquires the magic of some great achievements

　　D. she comes to realize she is “hard-wired” to write

　　4. What can be concluded from the passage?

　　A. A fuelling ambition plays a leading role in one’s success.

　　B. A responsible adviser is more important than the knowledge of writing.

　　C. As to the growth of a genius, I. Q. doesn’t matter, but just his/her efforts.

　　D. What really matters is what you do rather than who you are.

　　【参考答案】1—4、CABD

　　2016高考英语阅读理解（科普类说明文）【2015·四川】E

　　No one is sure how the ancient Egyptians built the pyramids near Cairo. But a new study suggests they used a little rock‘n’roll. Long-ago builders could have attached wooden pole s to the stones and rolled then across the sand, the scientists say.

　　“Technically, I think what they’re proposing is possible,” physicist Daniel Bonn said.

　　People have long puzzled over how the Egyptians moved such huge rocks. And there’s no obvious answer. On average, each of the two million big stones weighed about as much as a large pickup truck. The Egyptians somehow moved the stone blocks to the pyramid site from about one kilometer away.

　　The most popular view is that Egyptian workers slid the blocks along smooth paths. Many scientists suspect workers first would have put the blocks on sleds(滑板). Then they would have dragged them along paths. To make the work easier, workers may have lubricated the paths either with wet clay or with the fat from cattle. Bonn has now tested this idea by building small sleds and dragging heavy objects over sand.

　　Evidence from the sand supports this idea. Researchers found small amounts of fat, as well as a large amount of stone and the remains of paths.

　　However, physicist Joseph West thinks there might have been a simpler way , who led the new study . West said , “I was inspired while watching a television program showing how sleds might have helped with pyramid construction . I thought , ‘Why don’t they just try rolling the things?’“A square could be turned into a rough sort of wheel by attaching wooden poles to its sides , he realized . That , he notes , should make a block of stone” a lot easier to roll than a square”.

　　So he tried it.

　　He and his students tied some poles to each of four sides of a 30-kilogram stone block. That action turned the block into somewhat a wheel. Then they placed the block on the ground.

　　They wrapped one end of a rope around the block and pulled. The researchers found they could easily roll the block along different kinds of paths. They calculated that rolling the block required about as much force as moving it along a slippery(滑的)path.

　　West hasn’t tested his idea on larger blocks, but he thinks rolling has clear advantages over sliding. At least, workers wouldn’t have needed to carry cattle fat or water to smooth the paths.

　　46.It’s widely believed that the stone blocks were moved to the pyramid site by ______.

　　A. rolling them on roads

　　B. pushing them over the sand

　　C. sliding them on smooth paths

　　D. dragging them on some poles

　　47.The underlined part “lubricated the paths” in Paragraph 4 means____.

　　A. made the path wet

　　B. made the path hard

　　C. made the path wide

　　D. made the path slippery

　　48.What does the underlined word “it”in Paragraph 7 refer to?

　　A. Rolling the blocks with poles attached.

　　B. Rolling the blocks on wooden wheels.

　　C. Rolling poles to move the blocks.

　　D. Rolling the blocks with fat.

　　49.Why is rolling better than sliding according to West ?

　　A. Because more force is needed for sliding.

　　B. Because rolling work can be done by fewer cattle.

　　C. Because sliding on smooth road is more dangerous.

　　D. Because less preparation on path is needed for rolling.

　　50.What is the text mainly about ?

　　A. An experiment on ways of moving blocks to the pyramid site.

　　B. An application of the method of moving blocks to the pyramid site.

　　C. An argument about different methods of moving blocks to the pyramid site.

　　D. An introduction to a possible new way of moving blocks to the pyramid site.

　　【解析】

　　试题分析：本文主要讲述的是关于金字塔的建造，不同的专家有着不同的见解。这篇文章主要讲述了两种看法。

　　46.C 细节理解题。根据文章第四段的The most popular view is that Egyptian workers slid the blocks along smooth paths.可知选择C。

　　47.D 词义猜测题。根据第四段的To make the work easier,以及下文的either with wet clay or with the fat from cattle.可知，这样做是为了让路更加平滑，故选择D。

　　【考点定位】考查说明文阅读

　　【名师点睛】本篇文章考查了科普说明文的阅读。科普说明文是高考阅读理解中的重点与难点。在阅读此类文章时，考生会觉得篇幅长、生词多、逻辑性强、长句多、话题陌生且枯燥，表达方式专业化。因此，要求考生要掌握相对的解题技巧与能力。设题时，常会考查生词词义判断题，如要求考生从上下文理解中概括出生词词义。以及代词指代判断题，如，此类试题常以it、them等代词为命题特色，要求考生推断其指代对象。通常在上文出现。