四川洪雅县2017高考英语阅读理解一轮练习1
阅读理解训练
(2015·东北三省四市二模)
Windows 8, apart from Windows 95, is the biggest surprise and the only version of Microsoft's operating system has been changed from the core(核心) when compared to its former one. However, a recent study has shown that under 20% of business owners would be willing to upgrade to the new version of Windows. The reason for this remains to be discussed and debated, and we will try to throw light on this research by providing you with some of the most common advantages and disadvantages of Windows 8.
Generally speaking, there are a great number of plus_sides related to upgrading from Windows 7 to Windows 8.
Speed—This is the biggest advantage to mention. Boot time has been reported to be up to nine times shorter than that with Windows 7.
New passwords—Instead of typing your passwords, windows 8 will let you use gestures on your favorite photos to enter your password. This is not only practical but also extremely cool!
Windows 8 experience—Apart from computers, Windows 8 will be used on all devices, including smart phones, tablet PC's and so on. Also, owing to the fact that it has been specifically designed with touch screen users in mind, Windows 8, besides using keyboard and mouse, will offer a whole new user experience.
However, there are still some disadvantages.
The first one that has to be mentioned is that there is no Start Menu from Windows. Yes, there is no Start button in the lower left corner, and this might be a real puzzle of many Windows users. Also, many users have had a problem to get used to the new interface(界面) introduced by Windows 8. The biggest problem that is worth noticing
is that Windows 8 was originally designed for touch screen users, and this may have a had effect on desktop users who have gotten used to doing everything with the help of their keyboard and mouse.
文章大意：本文是说明文，介绍了Windows 8的优缺点。
12．What does “plus aides” in Paragraph 2 probably refer to?
A．Math symbols. B．Advantages.
C．New rules. D．Messages.
答案：B 词义猜测题。math symbols数学符号；Advantages有利条件；New rules新规章制度；Massages信息。从plus这个词的本意和下文中提到的“Speed, New passwords，Windows 8 experience”还有“However, there are still some disadvantages.”可知答案选B。
13．The most attractive aspect of Windows 8 is its ________.
A．complex password B．fast rate
C．unique experience D．new interface
答案：B 细节理解题。complex password 复杂的密码；fast rate 快的速度； unique experience 独特的经验；new interface 新的界面。从“Speed”部分“This is the biggest advantage to mention.”可知答案选B。
14．From the passage we can learn that Windows 8 ________.
A．no longer requires a password
B．was upgraded from Windows 95
C．will be popular with desktop users
D．can be used on more than computers
答案：D 细节理解题。考查考生对细节信息的提取能力。no longer require a password不再需要密码；was upgraded from Windows 95从Windows 95开始升级；will be popular with desktop users 将受到桌面用户的喜爱；can be used on more than computers不仅用于电脑。从“Windows 8 experience”部分“Apart from computers, Windows 8 will be used on all devices”可知，应选D。
15．Many Windows 8 Users will face the problem that ________.
A．Start Menu is hidden in the lower left corner
B．they have to use fingerprints instead of buttons
C．key board and mouse can't be used any longer
C．they don't get accustomed to the new interface
答案：D 细节理解题。考查考生对细节信息的提取能力。Start Menu is hidden in the lower left corner开始菜单隐藏在左下角；they have to use fingerprints instead of buttons要使用指纹代替按钮；keyboard and mouse can't be used any longer 键盘和鼠标不再被用；they don't get accustomed to the new interface他们不习惯新的界面。由文章最后一段中 “Also, many users have had a problem to get used to the new interface(界面)introduced by Windows 8.” 可知答案选D。
科普知识（阅读理解）由 (2017全国Ⅱ,C)Facial expressions carry meaning that is determined by situations and relationships.For example,in American culture (文化) the smile is in general an expression of pleasure.Yet it also has other uses.A woman’s smile at a police officer does not carry the same meaning as the smile she gives to a young child.A smile may show love or politeness.It can also hide true feelings.It often causes confusion (困惑) across cultures.For example,many people in Russia consider smiling at strangers in public to be unusual and even improper.Yet many Americans smile freely at strangers in public places (although this is less common in big cities).Some Russians believe that Americans smile in the wrong places;some Americans believe that Russians don’t smile enough.In Southeast Asian cultures,a smile is frequently used to cover painful feelings.Vietnamese people may tell a sad story but end the story with a smile.
Our faces show emotions (情感),but we should not attempt to “read” people from another culture as we would “read” someone from our own culture.The fact that members of one culture do not express their emotions as openly as do members of another does not mean that they do not experience emotions.Rather,there are cultural differences in the amount of facial expressiveness permitted.For example,in public and in formal situations many Japanese do not show their emotions as freely as Americans do.When with friends,Japanese and Americans seem to show their emotions similarly.
It is difficult to generalize about Americans and facial expressiveness because of personal and cultural differences in the United States.People from certain cultural backgrounds in the United States seem to be more facially expressive than others.The key is to try not to judge people whose ways of showing emotion are different.If we judge according to our own cultural habits,we may make the mistake of “reading” the other person incorrectly.
1.What does the smile usually mean in the U.S.?()
A.Love. B.Politeness.
C.Joy. D.Thankfulness.
2.The author mentions the smile of the Vietnamese to prove that a smile can .
A.show friendliness to strangers
B.be used to hide true feelings
C.be used in the wrong places
D.show personal habits
3.What should we do before attempting to “read” people?()
A.Learn about their relations with others.
B.Understand their cultural backgrounds.
C.Find out about their past experience.
D.Figure out what they will do next.
4.What would be the best title for the text?()
A.Cultural Differences B.Smiles and Relationships
C.Facial Expressiveness D.Habits and Emotions
语篇解读:本文为说明文。介绍面部表情在不同文化、不同地域的不同含义。
答案及剖析:1.C 事实细节题。根据第一段“For example,in American culture(文化) the smile is in general an expression of pleasure.”可知答案为C项。
2.B 事实细节题。根据第一段“In Southeast Asian cultures,a smile is frequently used to cover painful feelings.”可知答案为B项。
3.B 事实细节题。根据文章第二段第二、三句可知答案。
4.C 主旨大意题。本文主要写在不同文化背景下,面部表情的不同含义。
【疑难词汇解读】
1.confusion n.困惑;慌乱
The old woman looked at him in confusion.
老妇人用迷茫的目光打量着他。
2.cover v.掩饰;隐匿
She laughed to cover her anxiety.
她试图以笑来掩饰她的焦虑。
【长难句子分析】
事实上一种文化背景下的人不能像另一种文化背景下的人一样直率地表达他们的情感,这并不意味着他们不经历这些情感。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。广东珠海市高三期末质量监测
Anger is good for you as long as you control it properly，according to new psychology research．A new study from Carnegie Mellon University shows anger may help people reduce the negative impacts of stress and help you become healthier．
“Here getting emotional is not bad for you if you look at the case of anger，”said Jennifer Lerner of Carnegie Mellon．“The more people display anger，the lower their stress responses．’’
Lerner studied 92 UCLA students by asking them to count back from 6，200．They must say out loud every thirteenth number．Researchers disturbed them by asking them to count faster or ask them other questions．If they made any mistakes，they had to restart from the very beginning．Many students felt depressed about making so many mistakes or got angry because the researchers were interrupting them.
Lerner used a hidden video camera and recorded all their facial expressions during the test．The researchers describe their reactions as fear，anger and disgust．
Other researchers recorded the students’ blood pressure，pulse and production of a high—stress hormone（荷尔蒙）called cortis01．People whose faces showed more fear during the experiment had higher blood pressure and higher levels of the hormone．Both can have lasting effects such as diabetes（糖尿病），heart disease，depression and extra weight gain．
When people feel fear，negative impacts increase, but when they get angry，those negatives go down，according to the study．
“Having that sense of anger leads people to actually feel some power in what otherwise is a maddening situation，”Lerner said．
Lerner previously studied Americans’ emotional response to the 9／11 terrorist attacks two months after the incident．She found people who reacted with anger were more optimistic．These people are healthier compared with those who were frightened during the event．So in maddening situations，anger is not a bad thing to have．It’s a healthier response than fear．
36．Which statement will Jennifer Lerner agree with?
A．It’s better to be angry than to be frightened in maddening situations．
B．Different reactions reflect different outlooks on life．
C．Don’t control your anger and it makes you powerful．
D．Pessimistic people are generally healthier than optimistic people．【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据She found people who reacted with anger were more optimistic．These people are healthier compared with those who were frightened during the event．
37．What does the underlined word “both” in the fifth paragraph refer to according to the passage?
A．Fear and anger．
B．Blood pressure and pulse．
C．Blood pressure and cortisone．
D．Higher blood pressure and higher levels of the hormone．【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据People whose faces showed more fear during the experiment had higher blood pressure and higher levels of the hormone荷尔蒙
38．The researchers made the experimented students angry by _________．
A．recording their performance secretly
B．asking them to count to 6,200 again and again
C．disturbing them and making them start ail over again
D．criticizing them when they made mistakes【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据Many students felt depressed about making so many mistakes or got angry because the researchers were interrupting them.39．In what ways can anger be beneficial to people?
A．By showing their optimistic side．
B．By reducing their stress．
C．By reducing high blood pressure．
D．By taking the place of fear．【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据A new study from Carnegie Mellon University shows anger may help people reduce the negative impacts of stress and help you become healthier．
40 What is this passage Mainly about?
A．The findings of new psychology research．
B．What you can do with anger in certain cases．
C．Different effects produced by anger and fear．
D．Healthier responses in maddening situations．【答案】A
【解析】主旨大意题。根据A new study from Carnegie Mellon University shows anger…
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。广东珠海市高三期末质量监测
Once again, rumors are spreading．Judgement Day, this time, is set to happen on December 21st, 2017．The date originated from the Mayan calendar, but actually gained popularity through the hit movie, "2017"．
How will the world end? And how do we know the exact date? There are many theories: A meteoroid from outer space; a solar storm; a shift in the earth's poles; bla bla bla．They all supposedly pointed to the date of December 21st, 2017．Unfortunately, none of it is true．
Zhu Jin, director of Beijing Planetarium, said, "For earth itself, the end will be billions of years away from now．And for us humans, there is a very small chance that we may be affected by some astronomical factors．However, we don't have the ability to foresee such events so far．So when someone tells you the world is going to end on an exact date, it must be fake．"
But the truth hasn't stopped people from believing．In the sci-fi movie "2017", the director imagined the end of the world based on the Mayan calendar．The film earned nearly 770 million US dollars worldwide. Ning Hong, Hebei Province, said．"The movie 2017 did get one thing right．There are arks
eing made in China, But they're not being built secretly inside the mountains．They are constructed here in the courtyard of a factory．"
In April, Liu Qiyuan quit his furniture business and devoted himself to developing these huge round balls．He doesn't believe the end is near, but he wants to be prepared just in case．
Liu Qiyuan, the "Ark" builder, said, "The concept originated twenty years ago．The Tangshan earthquake had flattened our house, so I wanted to build a shelter that wouldn't fall．Then in 2004, I saw the tsunami in Indonesia that killed so many people．Then I realized it should be something that could withstand the earthquake and float on water．"
Liu is hoping to use his invention as a life boat on the sea．He's planning to test his product on the water next year．
It turns out that rumour, though false, is good for business．Doomsday discounts and products are hot on many online stores．While it's surely attracted attention, many complain that it misleads consumers．
Their purpose is to promote products．If they believe the world is going to end．who would buy things? Money would be useless, too．
41．The purpose of the movie "2017" was
.
A．to popularize scientific knowledge for the viewers
B．to make a profit from the viewers
C． to tell the viewers an interesting factual story
D．to warn the viewers of a disastrous event【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据The film earned nearly 770 million US dollars worldwide.
42．The word "fake" in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to
．
A．a joke
B．a lie
C．untrue
D．terrifying【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据none of it is true
43．Liu Qiyuan quit his job and built his "ark" because _________．
A．he believed that the world was going to end on Dec．21,2017
B．he was tired of making money from his furniture business
C．he was almost killed in Indonesia in 2004
D．he wanted to make preparations for destructive natural disasters
【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据The Tangshan earthquake had flattened our house, so I wanted to build a shelter that wouldn't fall．Then in 2004, I saw the tsunami in Indonesia that killed so many people．Then I realized it should be something that could withstand the earthquake and float on water．"44．Which statement is NOT true according to the passage?
A．Ruinous were created by businessmen to promote their products．
B．The movie "2017" was very popular and a great many people watched it．
C．One theory said that the earth was to shift its two poles on Dec．21,2017．
D．Liu Qiyuan's ark was intended to survive earthquakes and terrible floods．【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据The date originated from the Mayan calendar It turns out that rumour, though false, is good for business．
45．We can infer from the passage that _________．
A．Tune and time again people spread rumours about the world's end for one reason or another．
B．The Maya's prediction about the world's end has failed．
C．In the movie 2017 big arks were built secretly inside the mountains
D．Liu Qiyuan was bom before 1976 and is at least 36 years old．【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。they're not being built secretly inside the mountains．They are constructed here in the courtyard of a factory．