2017届四川省洪雅县高考英语一轮复习阅读理解训练：8（含解析）

　　四川洪雅县2017高考英语阅读理解一轮练习8

　　阅读理解训练

　　(2015·陕西省西安地区八校联考三)

　　After achieving a 9 percent GDP growth, hosting a successful Olympic Games and carrying out its first space walk, you'd think China would be happy. Yet China is not pleased. That, at least, is the opinion of a new book written by a group of Chinese authors.

　　China Is Not Happy was released in March. It is a follow­up to the 1996 work China Can Say No, a bestseller that complained about the influence of the West, and the US in particular, on China. Thirteen years later, the authors of China Is Not Happy list their dissatisfaction with_how_China_is_being_treated_in_the_world_today. They argue that China needs to use its growing power and economic resources to build its own position of outstanding performances. “From looking at the history of human civilization, we are most qualified to lead this world. Westerners should be second，” the book says.

　　The authors single out the US for special scorn(轻蔑), and say their book's message has been helped by the economic crisis. “This economic problem has shown the Chinese people that America does have problems, and that what we've been saying is right，” said Wang Xiaodong, one of the authors in an interview with The Wall Street Journal.

　　Since released on March 13, the book has become a bestseller in many Chinese bookstores. The publisher has printed 270,000 copies, and says sales are far better than expected.

　　Several reviews in the Chinese media have criticized the book's radical(激进) opinions. The book is a way to “fish money from the pockets of the angry youth and angry elderly，” wrote one critic in the China Youth Daily. Meanwhile, a well­known sociologist, Li Yinhe, has said that China needs patriotism(爱国精神), but there is a limit.

　　Wang Xiaodong admitted in an interview with the US' Time magazine that the book's title is a bit of a trick. “Those words in the title are just for the purpose of promoting the book in the marketplace，” he says.“We didn't choose them. It was the people selling the book who chose the title.”

　　文章大意：本文是主要介绍《中国不高兴》这本书的出版原因和出版意图。

　　12．In the book China Is Not Happy, the authors express their dissatisfaction with ________.

　　A．the influence of western countries on China

　　B．the relationship in economy between China and western countries

　　C．China's position in the international stage in the world today

　　D．Westerners' robbing China of many resources in history

　　答案：C　推理判断题。根据文章第二段的最后两句话可推断中国不高兴的原因就是中国在国际舞台上的地位不高。故选C。

　　13．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?

　　A．China has made great historical breakthroughs in the past several years.

　　B．China's civilization has advantages over the westerners'.

　　C．China needs to use its growing power and economic resources to build its own world position.

　　D．China should be the number one leader in the world.

　　答案：A　细节理解题。根据文章的第一段中国这几年GDP一直在增加，但并没有那么大的突破。故选A。

　　14．We can infer from the fifth paragraph ________.

　　A．some of the responses to the book is negative

　　B．the youth and the elderly in China are angry with the book

　　C．the authors of the book are reporters and sociologists

　　D．many Chinese express their radical opinions

　　答案：A　推理判断题。根据该段criticized, fish money, limit等可推知，人们对该书有反对声音。故选A。

　　15．The book is named China Is Not Happy because ________ on the book.

　　A．China wants to put pressure on the western countries

　　B．it reflects the national feelings of Chinese people

　　C．the authors of the book asked them to do so

　　D．it is a good selling point

　　答案：D　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的第一、二句话可推断作者起这样的书名就是该书的卖点。还有文章的最后一句话也可推断。故选D。

　　科普知识（阅读理解）由 (2009安徽,C)Sometimes,the simplest ideas are the best.For example,to absorb heat from the sun to heat water,you need large,flat,black surfaces.One way to do that is to build those surfaces specially,on the roofs of buildings.But why go to all that trouble when cities are full of black surfaces already,in the form of asphalt(柏油) roads?

　　Ten years ago,this thought came into the mind of Arian de Bondt,a Dutch engineer.He finally persuaded his boss to follow it up.The result is that their building is now heated in winter and cooled in summer by a system that relies on the surface of the road outside.

　　The heat-collector is a system of connected water pipes.Most of them run from one side of the street to the other,just under the asphalt road.Some,however,dive deep into the ground.

　　When the street surface gets hot in summer,water pumped through the pipes picks up this heat and takes it underground through one of the diving pipes.At a depth of 100 metres lies a natural aquifer(蓄水层) into which several heat exchangers(交换器) have been built.The hot water from the street runs through these exchangers,warming the groundwater,before returning to the surface through another pipe.The aquifer is thus used as a heat store.

　　In winter,the working system is changed slightly.Water is pumped through the heat exchangers to pick up the heat stored during summer.This water goes into the building and is used to warm the place up.After performing that task,it is pumped under the asphalt and its remaining heat keeps the road free of snow and ice.

　　1.Which of the following is true according to the first two paragraphs?()

　　A.Arian de Bondt got his idea from his boss.

　　B.Large,flat,black surfaces need to be built in cities.

　　C.The Dutch engineer’s system has been widely used.

　　D.Heat can also be collected from asphalt roads.

　　2.For what purpose are the diving pipes used?()

　　A.To absorb heat from the sun.

　　B.To store heat for future use.

　　C.To turn solar energy into heat energy.

　　D.To carry heat down below the surface.

　　3.From the last paragraph we can learn that 　. 

　　A.some pipes have to be re-arranged in winter

　　B.the system can do more than warming up the building

　　C.the exchangers will pick up heat from the street surface

　　D.less heat may be collected in winter than in summer

　　4.What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows?()

　　A.What we shall do if the system goes wrong.

　　B.What we shall do if there are no asphalt roads.

　　C.How the system cools the building in summer.

　　D.How the system collects heat in spring and autumn.

　　语篇解读:城市的黑色柏油路有了用武之地,可以用来收集热量,起到冬暖夏凉的功效。

　　答案及剖析:1.D　事实细节题。根据第二段的最后一句可知。

　　2.D　事实细节题。根据第四段第一句中的...takes it underground through one of the diving pipes.可知。

　　3.B　事实细节题。根据第五段最后一句的After performing that task,it is pumped...可知答案。

　　4.C　推理判断题。文章主要从两方面阐述通过柏油路储热的好处,首先是冬天供暖,下面应该讲述夏天降温。

　　【长难句子分析】

　　。

　　结果是通过依靠外面的路面这样一种系统,他们的建筑物冬天得到供暖,夏天得到降温。

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　【2017界广东省湛江市二模】

　　Dave Bruno works as an online marketing manager. Several years ago, one weekend Bruno and his family did a major house cleanup and then donated several bags of unneeded items to the local Goodwill store. “After all were done, I looked around and realized that I still had too much stuff”， says Bruno, “It occurred to me that maybe I wanted to lead a simple life but in reality I behaved differently.” That realization prompted the 39-year-old father of three to try an experiment, “The 100 Thing Challenge”.

　　With the goal of breaking free of what he calls a “bad habit of consumerism…Bruno was determined to live for one year with just 100 personal items. He cut down his possessions to 94 items, including a Bible, laptop, guitar, wedding ring, car and clothes. He created some guidelines for the experiment since his wife and daughters did not participate-family-shared and household items did not count as personal items. He also grouped together some basic things such as underwear and socks. Bruno began blogging about his new lifestyle and eventually wrote a book, The 100 Thing Challenge: How I Got Rid of Almost Everything, Remade My Life, and Regained My Soul.

　　Since completing the experiment, Bruno has continued to live by the motto: reduce, refuse, and rearrange and maintains just 110 personal things. “ Nearly three years of living with a minimal amount of personal possessions, I’m no longer in the habit of consuming for the sake of consumption(消费)，” he wrote in his blog last week, “That has freed me up for all sorts of better endeavors than shopping—like spending time with family and writing a book and planning for business opportunities.”

　　Bruno’s project has also inspired others to live minimally, many of whom post their own 100 Thing Challenge updates on YouTube. “The reality is that the 100 Thing Challenge is surprisingly easy”， sBruno, “

　　I

　　’m

　　not saying there were no challenges or disappointments. I miss some things, but not that much. Frankly, it’s far easier to live with less stuff than with excessive trash.”

　　31. What does the underlined sentence mean in Paragraph 1?

　　A. Bruno regretted to have an easy life.

　　B. Bruno had a special behavior in reality,

　　C. Bruno and his family led a happy life.

　　D. Bruno would have liked a life with fewer items.

　　【】The 100 Thing Challenge可知Bruno想用更少的东西在日常生活中，故选D。

　　32. The things were included in Bruno’s 94 items EXCEPT _____.

　　A. socks

　　B. a Bible

　　C. cookers

　　D. a wedding ring

　　【】

　　【解析】He cut down his possessions to 94 items, including a Bible, laptop, guitar, wedding ring, car and clothes.只有炊具33. It can be inferred in the last paragraph that _____.

　　A. it is less possible for people to live simply

　　B. Bruno met some difficulties in the experiment

　　C. many people were inspired to update their blogs

　　D. getting rid of the habit of over-consumption is easy

　　【】【解析】I

　　’m

　　not saying there were no challenges or disappointments可知Bruno在实验中也遇到了一些困难，故选B。

　　34. What can we learn from the passage?

　　A. Bruno hasn’t blogged for a long time.

　　B. Unneeded things should be thrown away.

　　C. Bruno has succeeded in the experiment.

　　D. The family show interest in the experiment.

　　【】【解析】Bruno’s project has also inspired others to live minimally可推知有人愿意去效仿这说明Bruno的实验成功了，故选C。

　　35. What is the best title for the passage?

　　A. Live with 100 Things

　　B. Defeat 100 Challenges in Life

　　C. Survive by Your Motto D. Consume for Consumption’s Sake

　　【】【解析】Bruno做实验用100项的生活用品来进行简朴的生活，故选A。

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　【2017界广东省湛江市二模】

　　The United States is faced with serious traffic problems. Too many cars travel on the freeways to and from the city. This heavy traffic causes delays and lots of pollution from cars that are using their engines but not moving anywhere. Many cars going nowhere is called a “traffic jam.”

　　While many cities in the United States have traffic problems, some of the worst are in Los Angeles, California. Los Angeles is a big city with a large downtown area. One of the reasons why there is so much traffic is that few people use public transportation to get around

　　Experts say one possible solution to the traffic problem in Los Angeles would be to make people want to use the public transportation system of buses instead of their own cars. People say the buses should be made easier, faster, less costly and more dependable than driving a car.

　　One suggestion is to reduce the cost of riding the bus. People who usually drive their cars could save a lot of money on gas and parking costs. Also, Los Angeles could make the buses easier for people to use. The buses could travel to more places in the city. And there could be more special lanes on the freeways that only buses could drive in. These changes would make taking the bus faster and easier than driving a car.

　　Other experts have said that the best way to ease traffic problems is to charge people money to drive on the freeways. These charges, or tolls, would be for the most crowded roads. The tolls would be in effect during the times of day when most people drive to work and home again. These times in the morning and late afternoon are called “rush hour”. People would try to avoid driving on these roads, which would decrease the amount of traffic. Also ，the money collected from these tolls could be used to improve the roads and public transportation system.

　　36. The passage mainly discusses _____.

　　A. different means of transportation of the United States

　　B. possible solutions to solving American traffic problems

　　C. causes of the serious traffic problems in America

　　D. some new laws about American public transportation

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】主旨大意题。根据短文的内容可知美国针对交通拥挤应该采取的措施，故选B。

　　37. Which is NOT the effect caused by the heavy traffic?

　　A. Too many private cars. B. Time wasting.

　　C. Serious air pollution. D. Traffic jams.【】【解析】This heavy traffic causes delays and lots of pollution from cars 及Many cars going nowhere is called a “traffic jam.”交通拥挤可以引起在路上耽误太多的时间、空气污染及交通堵塞等，交通拥挤不能引起私家车的增多，故选A。

　　38. The reason why Los Angeles has some of the worst traffic problems is that _____.

　　A. there is a lack of public transportation

　　B. the city is big with a large population

　　C. most people like to get around by car

　　D. many people like to travel there for shopping

　　【答案】【解析】One of the reasons why there is so much traffic is that few people use public transportation to get around洛杉矶的人有交通拥挤的问题其中的原因是很少的人愿意乘坐公交车出门而是开着自家车出门，故选C。

　　39. One of the ways the experts suggest is that _____.

　　A. people should avoid driving to work and home

　　B. more roads should be built for the increasing private cars

　　C. people should be charged on the most crowded roads during rush hour

　　D. more special lanes on the freeways should be marked out for private cars

　　【答案】【解析】These charges, or tolls, would be for the most crowded roads. These times in the morning and late afternoon are called “rush hour”.专家建议在上下班高峰期的繁忙的路段进行收费是控制私家车数量的方法之一，故选C。

　　40. According to the passage, if the solutions were carried out, _____

　　A. more cars would be reduced and more roads would be built

　　B. it would be easier but slower to take buses than to drive cars

　　C. many people would prefer to walk around rather than drive cars

　　D. the roads and public transportation system would be greatly improved

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】the money collected from these tolls could be used to improve the roads and public transportation system.如果这些解决措施被实施的话，公路和交通制度会大大地改善，故选D。