2017届四川省泸县高考英语一轮复习阅读理解练习：5（含解析）

　　四川泸县2017高考英语阅读理解一轮基础练习5

　　【2016模拟题】 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

　　In the late 1990s, a family visited the school where I taught deaf students. They said they would be moving here and planned to send their deaf daughter to my school as a first grader. They were upset that their child’s kindergarten teacher told them not to have high hopes for her. The teacher painted a bleak (暗淡的) picture for their little girl’s future. Standing behind them was Katherine, a beautiful five-year-old with long hair and dark eyes. The whole time her parents were there she didn’t make a sound or use sign language, even when her parents asked her to do so.

　　After a few weeks with Katherine, I discovered I was dealing with a very bright child. Although I was able to make her join in different learning activities, writing was always a struggle. I tried all kinds of methods to interest her in writing. Every time the pencils came out, she would refuse to write.

　　One day Katherine got off her bus and stood in front of the school crying. The teachers there did not know enough sign language to ask her what happened. Finally they led her into the office where they handed her a pen and a piece of paper. Katherine wrote: “PAC BAK.” Immediately the teachers realized she left her backpack on the bus. They called the bus driver back to school and soon Katherine got her backpack back.

　　That day Katherine discovered the power of the pen. From then on she fell in love with writing. She is a young woman now and has become an excellent writer, public speaker and student leader.

　　1. When the author first met her, Katherine _____.

　　A. kept silent                

　　B. kept crying

　　C. was studying          

　　D. was unhappy

　　2. What was Katherine’s problem after a few weeks with the author?

　　A. She didn’t like to write at all.

　　B. She couldn’t use sign language.

　　C. She always left her backpack on the bus.

　　D. She had no interest in learning activities.

　　3. What’s the meaning of “Katherine discovered the power of the pen”?

　　A. Katherine used a pen for the first time.

　　B. Katherine became interested in writing.

　　C. Katherine understood how to use the pen. D. Katherine knew what the pen was used for.

　　 (学校生活)本文是记叙文。文章介绍了聋哑儿童凯瑟琳如何开始对写作感兴趣。

　　1. A。细节理解题。根据第一段的The whole time her parents were there she didn’t make a sound or use sign language, even when her parents asked her to do so可知，作者第一次见凯瑟琳的时候，她一直保持沉默。

　　2. A。细节理解题。根据第二段的writing was always a struggle ... Every time the pencils came out, she would refuse to write可知，与凯瑟琳相处几周后，作者发现她一直抗拒写作。

　　3. B。推理判断题。根据最后一段的From then on she fell in love with writing可知，从凯瑟琳的书包失而复得那天起，她发现了笔的力量。如今的她已成为一名优秀的作家、演讲家和学生领导者。由此可知，从那天起她对写作产生了兴趣。

　　2016高考训练--阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项Thick dust rose and a large building collapsed. This was the scene in Zhu Zhou，Hunan Province on May 17. Nine people were killed and 16 injured.

　　Things were similar in the Sichuan earthquake. Thousands of people were buried in the ruins and lost their lives. What if we could have warned them?

　　People are always racking their wits to find a way of preventing buildings’ collapse. Better materials and technology help，but they are not a solution.

　　Just like humans，a building has its own life cycle from “birth” to “death”．If we know when a building is going to collapse，we can repair it in advance or get out of it before it falls. Now，scientists at the University of Illinois have developed a material that turns red before it breaks. The invention could be used in things like climbing ropes or bridge supports. The research was led by Nancy Sottos，a professor at the university’s Beckman Institute，and Douglas Davis，a graduate research assistant.

　　The secret behind the color—changing material is a type of molecule (分子)．A molecule is a group of atoms held together by chemical bonds. Imagine you and your friends standing in a circle，holding hands. Each person stands for one atom，your hands represent the bonds，and the entire circle represents a molecule. If one person lets go of his or her hands，the molecule changes color. The research team put the molecule into a soft material. When the researchers stretched the material，it turned bright red for a few seconds before it broke into two pieces. When they repeatedly stretched and relaxed the material，without breaking it，it only turned a little red.

　　The major problem is that light can get rid of the red color. When the team shone bright light on the molecule，the broken bond was fixed，and the color disappeared. Scientists have yet to do more research before the color—changing molecules can be used outside the lab. 32. What does the passage mainly introduce?

　　A. The collapse of a large building in Zhu Zhou, Hunan Province.

　　B. A type of molecule that can be put into a soft material

　　C. A material that turns red before it breaks.

　　D. A way of preventing building from collapsing.

　　33. The underlined words “racking their wits” in the third paragraph mean ________.

　　A. suffering a lot

　　B. collecting beyond imagination

　　C. losing a lot

　　D. thinking very hard

　　34. Which of the following is a WRONG statement?

　　A. Thousands of people died from the collapse of buildings in the Sichuan earthquake because they hadn’t been warned.

　　B. There is no building that will never collapse.

　　C. A new material has been applied to buildings to warn people of collapse.

　　D. A color—changing material can turn red before it breaks.

　　35. What can we infer from the passage?

　　A. The color—changing molecules are certain to be used outside the lab.

　　B. There will be less collapse with the help of the color—changing material.

　　C. The bright light may make the material’s warning system useless.

　　D. The problem caused by bright light will be solved by scientists soon.

　　参考答案32—35、CDCC

　　2016高考训练--阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项The U.S. government is facing an increasing bother. Wild pigs, at their worst, can damage crops, spread diseases, attack humans and kill farm animals. And things are getting worse: a study shows that they are likely to double in number over the next 3 years. Why is it so hard to control wild pigs?

　　Introduced to America in the 16th century, and related to the wild pigs found in Europe, wild pigs can be found in 75% of all states. No single law exists to control them and regulations differ between states: while in Missouri they can only be shot if met by chance, in Texas hunting is actively encouraged; a “pork chopper” law allows Texan hunters to shoot wild pigs from helicopters, and some people in Louisiana have even built their own pig—hunting drone(无人机). As well as being popular with hunters, wild pigs are cheaper for game raisers to breed(饲养)than deer. In Michigan and Pennsylvania suggested bans on the private breeding of pigs for hunting have caused quarrels between game raisers and wildlife officials.

　　Wild pigs' double nature—considered pests by farmers, but valued by hunters—makes it hard to pass laws to control them. Two other factors also contribute. Nearly 70% of land in America is privately owned. And it is difficult for lawmakers to force breeding and hunting laws on private landowners. Secondly, it is hard to define a wild pig.

　　In some states, laws are being introduced to redefine the term “wild animal” to keep out wild pigs. This is good news for those raising pigs for hunting, but less are to those who consider them pests whose number should be limited. Meanwhile, discussions continue over how to deal with this problem.

　　28. People are not permitted to hunt wild pigs freely in ________.

　　A. Texas

　　B. Michigan

　　C. Missouri

　　D. Louisiana

　　29. Why do the game raisers prefer raising wild pigs to deer?

　　A. It's difficult to raise deer.

　　B. Wild pigs are in large numbers.

　　C. Deer are not popular with hunters.

　　D. They can benefit more from wild pigs.

　　30. Which is NOT the reason for the difficulty in controlling wild pigs?

　　A. The difficulty of passing effective laws.

　　B. The high percentage of land owned privately.

　　C. The farmers' unwillingness to shoot wild pigs.

　　D. The popularity of raising wild pigs in many states.

　　31. What is the best title of the text?

　　A. Why are wild pigs so hard to control?

　　B. Are wild pigs pests or wild animals?

　　C. Wild pigs—an increasing danger in the US.

　　D. How to deal with the problem of wild pigs?

　　参考答案28—31、CDCA

　　2016高考训练--阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项 Nowadays many people are concerned about the problem of what to do with electronic waste such as old televisions, computers, radios, cellular telephones and other electronic equipment.

　　Electronic trash, or e-waste, is piling up faster than ever in American homes and businesses. People do not know what to do with old televisions or computers so they throw them in the trash.

　　National Solid Waste Management Association (NSWMA) state programs director Chaz Miller says the large amount of electronic waste Americans product is not unexpected.

　　The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) estimates more than 400 million consumer electronic items are dumped each year, and there is a push by more states to ban the waste from landfills (垃圾填埋场) and create recycling programs. They can be torn apart and sorted for useable parts. Mike Fannon who runs the plant in Baltimore says, “There are lots of valuable metals that can be recovered and reused instead of just putting them in the landfill, and in certain components there are some materials that should not really be in the landfill. ”

　　Fannon says nearly 20 percent of electronic waste is recycled nationwide. Thirteen years ago, it was only about 6 percent. Recycling rates continue to rise as more communities have banned electronics from landfills in order to keep e-waste poisons like lead (铅) and mercury (汞) out of garbage dumps.

　　This year several states like Vermont imposed a ban on electronic waste in landfills. More than 25 other states have also adopted bans on e-waste in landfills. Chaz Miller says more can be done to boost electronic waste recycling.

　　“We can do much better,” noted Miller. “I think clearly our goal should be to do as well as we do recycling newspapers.”

　　32. Which of the following does NOT belong to e-waste?

　　A. Old televisions.

　　B. Old computers.

　　C. Old cell phones.

　　D. Old newspapers.

　　33. Why is e-waste banned from landfills in many states?

　　A. Because it can not be recycled.

　　B. Because the landfills are already full.

　　C. Because it might damage the environment.

　　D. Because it can be shipped to other countries.

　　34. According to Mike Fannon, what might be the best way of dealing with e-waste?

　　A. Recycling it.

　　B. Selling it.

　　C. Burying it.

　　D. Breaking it.

　　35. What can we learn from the passage?

　　A. Chaz Miller works for EPA.

　　B. Miller is optimistic about the future of e-waste.

　　C. At present, less than 10 percent of e-waste is recycled.

　　D. All states in the US have banned e-waste from landfills.

　　参考答案32―35 DCAB

　　阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

　　(2017·哈尔滨市质检，C)

　　Your name made you do it, though unconsciously, suggests new research that finds your name can negatively make you achieve less.

　　Psychologists at Yale and the University of California, San Diego studying the unconscious influence of names say a preference for our own names and initials—the ?nameletter effect?—can have some negative consequences.

　　Students whose names begin with C or D get lower grades than those whose names begin with A or B; major league baseball players whose first or last names began with K are significantly more likely to strike out.

　　Assistant professors Leif Nelson of UCSD and Joseph Simmons of Yale have conducted five studies over five years using information from thousands of individuals.

　　“The conscious process is that baseball players want to get a hit and students want to get A's，” Nelson says. “So if you get a change in performance in agreement with the nameletter effect, it clearly shows there must be some unconscious desire operating in the other direction.?

　　The researchers' work supports a series of studies published since 2002 that have found the ?nameletter effect? causes people to make life choices based on names that resemble (类似) their own. Those studies by Brett Pelham, an associate professor at SUNY University, have found that people are disproportionately (不定比例地) likely to live in states or cities resembling their names, have careers that resemble their names and even marry those whose surnames begin with the same letter as their own.

　　The twist, says, is that he has believed the nameletter effect would apply only to positive outcomes. Nelson and Simmons, he says, are “showing it applies more so to negative things than positive things.”

　　The researchers say the effect is definitely more of a coincidence (巧合) than a fact. “I know plenty of Chrises and Davids who have done very well in school，” Pelham says.

　　文章大意：本文为一篇议论文。加州和耶鲁大学的心理学家通过研究发现，名字与成功之间存在着“姓名－字母效应”，而对此结果，有些研究人员则表示否定，认为这不过是巧合而已。

　　1．The new research is mainly about the relationship between one's ________.

　　A．name and unconsciousness

　　B．name and characteristics

　　C．name and success

　　D．sports and school achievements

　　答案：C　细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句“... new research that finds your name can negatively make you achieve less.”可知，这项研究发现，尽管是无意识的，但你的名字会对你的成功有一些消极影响。因此可推断出，这项研究主要是研究姓名与成功之间的关系。故答案选C。

　　2．Who may serve as an example to show the “nameletter effect”？

　　A．Miss Smith working as a lawyer.

　　B．Mr. Watt living in Washington.

　　C．Charles Brown married to Sue Rogers.

　　D．Paula Snow fond of the color white.

　　答案：B　推理判断题。根据第五段第一句中的“... ‘nameletter effect’ causes people to make life choices based on names that resemble (类似) their own”可知，“姓名－字母效应”使得人们选择与自己姓名字母相似的城市去生活。因此B项“Mr. Watt living Washington”是个很好的例子，因为他的名字的开头字母与城市的开头字母是“W”。故答案选B。

　　3．The last paragraph mainly tells us that the “nameletter effect” ________.

　　A．isn't believed in by many people

　　B．doesn't work with certain names

　　C．does not really exist

　　D．is often too little to show

　　答案：D　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段内容可知，Pelham认为这项研究的结果纯属巧合，据他所知，很多以C或D为开头字母姓名的人成绩就很好。因此，他认为这种“姓名－字母效应”的研究结果没什么作用。故答案选D。