浙江常山县2017高考英语阅读理解10
【由福建省三明市2017高考模拟题改编】
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
Former Hollywood child star Shirley Temple died on
Monday at home in Woodside，California，from natural
causes． “she was surrounded by her family and carers ,” a
statement said．
With her charm and blonde curls(金色的卷发)，she
was one of the most popular stars of the 1930s．in hit
movies like Bright Eyes and Stand Up and Cheer．Her
singing，dancing and acting won over fans worldwide．She
was given a special Oscar for child in 1935， when she
was just six years old．To this day，she is still the youngest child to receive an Academy Award．
After retiring from films in 1950 at the age of 21，Temple returned to the spotlight as a politician
and diplomat(外交家)．
Shirley Temple started her film career at three．Between 1934 and 1938 she appeared in more
than 20 feature films and was the top US movie star．She wore a grass skirt and played a ukulele
(四弦小吉它)to promote the musical Captain January，directed by David Butler，in 1936．She
attended her first big public performance for her film Wee Willie Winkie in Hollywood on 26 June，
1937．
As well as being the youngest receiver of an Oscar(at the age of 6 years and 3 1 0 days)，Temple
was also the youngest child to present one of the statuettes(小金人)．She stood on a chair to give
Claudette Colbert the best actress prize for it Happened One night in 1935．At the age of
12
Temple’s star burnt out——her parents bought out the remaining time of her contract and sent her to
an expensive girl’s schoo1．Her final film，A Kiss for Corliss，is available to watch online for free．
This is the star’s final ever moment on the big screen．The actress retired from Hollywood in 1950，
but she still appeared occasionally on TV．In 1958 she wore a fairy godmother costume to promote
her series of dramatised fairy tales，Shirley Temple’s Storybook．
In 2006，she accepted the Life Achievement Award at the 12th Annual Screen Actors Guild
Awards．
1．Shirley Temple was popular with the world mainly because of_______．
A．her charm and blonde cuffs
B．her singing，dancing and acting
C．her young age as an actress
D．her career being a diplomat
2．According to the passage，Shirley Temple was born in______.
A．1929
B．1932
C．1934
D．1935
3．From the passage we can infer that_____.
A．Temple involved herself actively in political work after she was twenty—one
B．the Life Achievement Award was given to Temple when she was young
C．her parents sent her to an expensive girl’s school by contract
D．the film of her first public performance was Captain January
4．Which of the following statements is TRUE about Shirley Temple ?．
A．She ever received the Oscar award for the best actress．
B．She was the best child movie star in the world．
C．She was once a presenter at an Oscar Awarding ceremony．
D．She stopped appearing on any kind of media after 1950．
【参考答案】1—4、BAAC
阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Do you know how it is when you see someone yawn and you start yawning too? Or how hard it is to be among people laughing and not laugh yourself? Well, apparently it’s because we have mirror neurons (神经元) in our brains.
Put simply, the existence of mirror neurons suggests that every time we see someone else do something, our brains imitate (模仿) it, whether or not we actually perform the same action. This explains a great deal about how we learn to smile, talk, walk, dance or play sports. But the idea goes further: mirror neurons not only appear to explain physical actions, they also tell us that there is a biological basis for the way we understand other people.
Mirror neurons can undoubtedly be found all over our brains, but especially in the areas which relate to our ability to use languages, and to understand how other people feel. Researchers have found that mirror neurons relate strongly to language. A group of researchers discovered that if they gave people sentences to listen to (for example: “The hand took hold of the ball”) , the same mirror neurons weretriggered as when the action was actually performed (in this example, actually taking hold of a ball) .
Any problems with mirror neurons may well result in problems with behavior. Much research suggests that people with social and behavioral problems have mirror neurons which are not fully functioning. However, it is not yet known exactly how these discoveries might help find treatments for social disorders.
Research into mirror neurons seems to provide us with ever more information concerning how humans behave and interact (互动) . Indeed, it may turn out to be the equivalent (相等物) for neuroscience of what Einstein’s theory of relativity was for physics. And the next time you feel the urge to cough in the cinema when someone else does—well, perhaps you’ll understand why.
1. Mirror neurons can explain .
A. why we cry when we are hurt
B. why we cough when we suffer from a cold
C. why we smile when we see someone else smile
D. why we yawn when we see someone else stay up late
2. The underlined word“triggered”in the third paragraph probably means“ ”.
A. set off B. cut off C. built up D. broken up
3. We can learn from the passage that mirror neurons .
A. relate to human behavior and interaction
B. control human physical actions and feelings
C. result in bad behavior and social disorders
D. determine our knowledge and language abilities
4. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Ways to find mirror neurons. B. Problems of mirror neurons.
C. Existence of mirror neurons. D. Functions of mirror neurons.
【参考答案】1—4、CAAD
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。Firefighters had largely tamed a tower of flame and smoke that covered the sun and drove thousands from their homes in the foothill suburbs northeast of Los Angeles, but a week of dangerously windy wildfire conditions and a year of historic dryness meant that this fire and predictable ones to come remained a major threat.
By nightfall Thursday, the wildfire that swept through about 2 1/2 square miles of brush in the San Gabriel Mountains and destroyed five homes early in the day had its progress stopped and was 30 percent contained. More than 700 firefighters were on the scene, along with 70 engines and a fleet of helicopters and air tankers dropping water and retardant(阻止物).
But the National Weather Service said a red-flag warning of extreme fire danger in effect much of the week would remain in place until Friday evening because of low humidity and the chance of the region’s infamous Santa Ana winds bursting to 30 mph in the foothills and valleys.
Some 3,700 people from Glendora and Azusa evacuated at the height of the fire. Glendora residents were allowed to return home Thursday evening, but homes in Azusa remained under evacuation orders. It wasn’t clear how many remained empty.
Fire engines would stay in all the endangered neighborhoods through the night and helicopters were available to fly after dark if it became necessary. Nighttime bursts brought a few flame-ups, but they remained within fire lines.
Two firefighters had minor injuries and a woman trying to fight the fire near her home suffered a minor burn. Seventeen structures were damaged, including homes, garages, barns and other buildings. At least 10 renters were left homeless when the fire destroyed rental units on the historic grounds of a retreat that once was the summer land of the Singer sewing machine family. Statues of Jesus and Mary stood unharmed near the blackened ruins. However, the main, 1920s house was spared.
Three men in their 20s, including a homeless man, were arrested on suspicion of irresponsibly starting the fire by tossing paper into a campfire in the Angeles National Forest, just north of Glendora. They said they were trying to keep warm and the wildfire appears to have been an accident. They could face state or federal charges.
61. What’s the purpose of the first paragraph?
A. To introduce the topic.
B. To arouse readers’ interest.
C. To summarize the main idea.
D. To share the writer’s opinion
62. What do we know about the fire?
A. It lasted a week.
B. It started on a Thursday.
C. It grew wilder at night.
D. It flamed up high at first
63. What led to the outbreak of the fire?
A. Low humidity.
B. Windy fire conditions.
C. No timely warning.
D. Careless campers.
64. The underlined word “evacuated” in Paragraph 4 probably means ______.
A. swept
B. burst
C. fled
D. endangered
65. The three young men were arrested because _______.
A. they were homeless
B. they were to blame for the fire
C. they wanted to keep warm by the fire D. they started the fire deliberately
【参考答案】61-65 C D D C B
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。Many people focus on physical fitness, but few know that brain fitness is also something you can work on. In fact, you can exercise your brain as often as you work out your arms or abs--and the results can be positive and empowering. It’s helpful to think of your brain as you work out a muscle. To improve your brain, you can’t simply repeat the same exercises over and over. Just as lifting a two pound weight will no longer challenge you, so will repetitive exercises such as crosswords or Sudoku. Once you master easy exercises, you must move on to harder ones in order to push your brain—like your muscles—to a new level.
Scientists once believed that your mental abilities were fixed in adulthood. Now that studies on neuroplasticity have shown just the opposite, millions of people around the world have adopted the new practice of brain training.
The most popular of these brain training products is made by the San Francisco-based Lumosity, which employs a team of in-house neuroscientists with degrees from Stanford and UC Berkeley. Realizing that brains need more sophisticated programs and guidance to grow and change, Lumosity’s scientists work with an experienced team of game designers. Together they’ve developed a fun, effective online brain training program that measures, tracks, and adapts to your progress so you’ll always be challenged. Lumosity’s training system and 40+ games are based on well-studied tests used in clinical neuropsychology research.
In a 2017 Stanford study, a treatment group of 21 breast cancer survivors used 12 weeks of Lumosity training to work on processing speed, mental flexibility, and working memory tasks. On average, those who trained improved on tests of these abilities, compared to a group that did not train with Lumosity. There is even some first round evidence suggesting that Lumosity may be beneficial to normal, healthy adults. In a 2011 study by Lumosity and San Francisco State University researchers, 13 people who did Lumosity training over 5 weeks improved on tests of brain performance compared to a group that did not train. On average, those who trained improved working memory scores by 10% and attention scores by 20%.
Training can take just a few minutes a day, but the rewards can make a difference in many aspects of life. The goal of brain training is not to improve game scores: it’s to improve the underlying core abilities that those games rely on. Lumosity is one of the first and most popular brain training programs in existence. There’s a small fee to use the full product, or new users can start a free trial.
66. What is the best title for the passage?
A. Brain training can make a difference.
B. Brain training—a new science.
C. Brain training can keep you fit.
D. Brain training—an open online course.
67. In order to improve our brain, we can ______.
A. do the same exercises day after day
B. challenge it with harder exercises day by day
C. work out crosswords every day
D. adapt to physical change
68. According to the passage, what is Lumosity?
A. It is a team of in-house neuroscientists.
B. It is a team of experienced game designers.
C. It is an online brain training program.
D. It is a clinical brain training research.
69. In Paragraph 4, the writer gives so many figures to ______.
A. explain the cause of Lumosity
B. clarify the principle of Lumosity
C. confirm the process of Lumosity
D. show the effect of Lumosity
70. It seems to us that the passage is exactly ______.
A. an ad.
B. a survey.
C. a questionnaire.
D. a quiz.
【参考答案】66-70 A B C D A
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。Best bike-sharing cities in the world
When Citi Bike rolled onto the streets of New York this Memorial Day, it was treated as a national event and even international media took notice. In advance of the launch, one blog post on Le Monde’s website claimed, “Bike share to conquer America.”
The next major development was in Copenhagen, which introduced a coin-operated system in 1995 called B klen, or “City Bike.” For 17 years, these bikes zipped through the streets of Denmark’s capital until the program was shut down late last year—it’s getting an upgrade to third generation technology.
Sponsored by media giant Clear Channel, the French city of Rennes brought the next generation of bike share to the world in 1998 by replacing coin operation with card access and electronic booths. From there the technology has progressed, picking up GPS and real-time tracking along the way, and has spread throughout Western Europe—and the world.
According to the Bike Sharing World Map, maintained by DeMaio and Russell Meddin of Bike Share Philadelphia, there are 553 bike share programs in operation worldwide and another 193 in planning or under construction.
And they’re not just in Europe and North America. The worldwide leader in bike sharing, as measured by the number of bikes, is China. According to data collected by the Earth Policy Institute, 20 of the 25 largest bike share programs are Chinese. Its largest one, in the city of Wuhan, has twice the number of bikes as all of France’s shares combined.
Although most of the systems share several characteristics—bikes with low theft value, electronic docking stations, ranked payment scales—different cities are trying different ways to make bike sharing work.
Take a look at Hangzhou, China, this city of 6.2 million near Shanghai, and you’ll see what just may be the best bike share in the world. Although now second on the planet (and China) by size, the Hangzhou Public Bicycle system is one of the densest shares, and probably the most extensively used one, anywhere, largely because of its mixing into public transport: a single card grants access to subway, bus, ferry, taxi and bike share. Residents and tourists alike can put down a deposit of 200 Chinese Yuan (about $33) and ride for an hour for free in this scenic city on the Yangtze Delta. Each additional hour is the equal of only $0.15—one reason why riders put in a quarter-million rides a day. By 2020 it’s projected to have 175,000 bikes.
71. What does the blogger mean by the underlined part “Bike share to conquer America.”?
A. Bike share is a national event.
B. Bike share attracts international media.
C. Bike share is popular in America.
D. America is a kingdom of bikes.
72. In 1995 citizens in the French city of Rennes can get access to bike share ______.
A. by putting coins into the system
B. by inserting a card into the system
C. by showing ID card to the booths
D. by boarding the docking station
73. Which of the following countries has the most bikes?
A. America.
B. Denmark.
C. France.
D. China.
74. Which of the following statements is TRUE about bike share?
A. No thief will steal bikes.
B. The payment is the same among cities.
C. Any city has her own way to operate it.
D. There is no competition between cities.
75. If you tour in Hangzhou you can find the bike share there is ______.
A. the most advanced in the world
B. a most successful example
C. free for local people
D. available at scenic spots
【参考答案】71-75 C A D C B