名词性从句是高考的必考点，它在句中可以作主语、宾语、 表语和同位语。单项填空题对名词性从句的考查集中在引导词上，其中连接代词that与what，if与whether是考查的重点。解决名词性从句的问题的关键是：
一、通过从句的位置辨别从句的类型；
二、分析从句，看看从句中所缺少的句子成分和句意，最终确定选用合适的连接词。
热点题型一
例1、 (2015·高考北京卷，T35)________ we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.
A．Where
B．How
C．Why
D．When
【答案】B
【提分秘籍】
1that，whether等；连接代词what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等；连接副词when，where，why，how等。
2．主语从句一般放在句首，但常用it作形式主语，而将主语从句移到句子的末尾。常见的句型有：
(1)It＋be＋形容词(necessary/likely/important/certain等)＋that从句
(2)It＋be＋名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/no wonder等)＋that从句
(3)It＋be＋过去分词(said/told/reported等)＋that从句
(4)It＋不及物动词(seem,appear,happen,matter等)＋that从句
(2015·高考湖北卷)Whatever she says will not make any difference to our arrangements.
无论她说什么都不会对我们的安排有影响。
(2015·高考天津卷)But what I still can’t figure out is why I never got tired,never felt better in my life.
但我仍然不明白的是为什么我从来不厌倦，从未感到我的生活更好过。
It remains to be seen whether the newly formed committee’spolicy can be put into practice.
这个新形成的委员会的政策能否实施还有待观察。
That we are invited to the concert this evening is good news to us.
我们被邀请去参加今晚的音乐会,这对我们来说是个好消息.
It’s a pity that you are leaving.
你要离开，真遗憾。
【举一反三】
(2015·高考江苏卷，T25)________ Li Bai，a great Chinese poet，was born is known to the public，but some won’t accept it.
A．That
B．Why
C．Where
D．How
【答案】C
热点题型
宾语从句
例2、 (2015·高考重庆卷，T8)We must find out ________ Karl is coming，so we can book a room for him.
A．when
B．how
C．where
D．why
【答案】A
【解析】考查宾语从句引导词的选择。句意：我们必须查明卡尔________会来，这样我们就能为他预订房间了。预订房间当然与卡尔来的时间息息相关，因此应该选择A项。
【提分秘籍】
1that，whether，if；连接代词what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等;连接副词when，where，why，how，从句用陈述语序。
2．宾语从句一般放在及物动词或介词之后，但是，在下列情况下，须用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放 到形式宾 语 或宾补之后。
(1)动词find/feel/think/consider/make＋it＋宾补(形容词或名词)＋不定式/宾语从句
(2)动词hate/like/dislike/appreciate＋it＋宾语从句
(3)动词短语see to/depend on/insist on＋it＋宾语从句
(4)固定搭配bring it to one’s attention/take it for granted that/owe it to sb.that＋宾语从句
3．一般情况下介词后只能用wh－类连接词引导宾语从句. 其他介词后面需要用that从句作宾语时,必须用it作形式宾语.
4．在doubt引导的宾语从句中，若主句为肯定句，宾语 从 句的连接词用whether/if，若主句为否定句或疑问句，宾语从句的连接词用that。
5．宾语从句的时态：一般情况下，宾语从句须与主句在时态上保持一致，即当主句是一般现在时时，从句可根据具 体 情况选用合适的时态；而当主句为过去时时，从句须用相 应 的过去时。当从句的内容为真理或客观事 实时， 须用一般现在时。
Experts believe that people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary.
专家们认为如果人们只在必要时购物，就会浪费较少的食物。
As many as five courses are provided，and you are free to choose whichever suits you best.
提供了多达五门的课程，你可以任意选择最适合你的一门。
I hate it when they talk with their mouths full of food.
我讨厌他们满嘴食物说话。
We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.
我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部。
I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day.
我认为我们每天多喝白开水是有必要的。
【举一反三】
(2015·高考四川卷，T8)The exhibition tells us ________ we should do something to stop air pollution.
A．where
B．why
C．what
D．which
【答案】B
【解析】考查宾语从句的引导词。句意：这次展览告诉我们为什么我们该做些事情来阻止大气污染。此处的从句用来作动词tells的宾语，因此该从句是宾语从句；这个展览告诉我们阻止大气污染的“原因”，所以此处要用why。
热点题型
表语从句
例3． (2015·T25)A ship in harbor is safe，but
that’s not ________ ships are built for.
A．what
B．whom
C．why
D．when
【答案】A
【提分秘籍】
1that，whether，as if/though；连接代词what，who，whose，whatever，
whichever，whoever等；连接副词when，where，why， how，从句用陈述语序。
2．as if/as though意为“好像，仿佛”，引导的表语从句常跟在系动词(如seem，appear，look，taste，sound，feel，smell等)之后。若表语从句所述的是非真实的情况，从句用虚拟语气；若所述的是事实的或是极可能发生的情况，从句用陈述语气。
3．This/That/It is why＋从句(表结果) “这/那就是……的原因”
This/That/It is because＋从句(表原因) “这/那是因为……”
The reason why...is that＋从句 “……的原因是……”
The best moment for the football star was when he scored the winning goal.
对这位足球明星来说，最好的时刻就是他踢进制胜球的那一刻。
From space，the earth looks blue.This is because about seventy－one percent of its surface is covered by water.
从太空中看，地球是蓝色的。这是因为地球表面约百分之七十一都被水覆盖着。
I’d like to start my own business—that’s what I’d do if I had the money.
我想自己做生意——那是我如果有钱就会做的事情。
The reason why he didn’t pass the exam was that he was too careless.
他没有通过考试的原因是他太粗心了。
He was ill.That’s why he was absent.
他病了，那就是他缺席的原因。
It sounds as if you are from the south of the United States.
听起来你好像来自美国南部。
【举一反三】
—Lily is often absent from school.
—Yes，she is.That’s ________ she is in poor health.
A．why
B．the reason
C．because
D．how
【答案】C
【解析】分析句子结构可知，That’s 之后应为表语从句。 根据句意可知，健康状况不好是缺席的原因，故首先应排 除A项；B项不符合逻辑；D项不符合题意。
热点题型
例4、 (2017·高考重庆卷T12)—Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday?
—Yeah，but I have no idea ________ he did it；that’s one of
his favorite universities.
A．when
B．why
C．that
D．how
【答案】B
【提分秘籍】
1that引导，that无词义也不作成分， 但是不能省略，从句用陈述语序。同位语从句还可用whether,when，where，why，how等引导。
2．接同位语从句的常见名词：fact，news，idea，truth， hope，problem，information，belief，thought，doubt，promise，question等。
3．分隔式同位语从句。有时同位语从句的谓语较短，而从句内容较长，这时为避免“头重脚轻”，常常将谓语提到从句前面，形成分隔式同位语从句。
I made a promise to myself that this year，my first year in high school，would be different.
我给自己做出承诺：今年，是我上高中的第一年，将会与以往不同。
I have no idea where the journalist could have got his information from.
我不知道那个记者从哪里得到的消息。
When the news came that the war broke out，he decided to serve in the army.
当战争的消息传来时，他决定参军。
【举一反三】
It came as a great surprise to the public________some
state leaders’ cellphones might have been monitored by
America’s National Security Agency.
A．that
B．whether
C．what
D．which
【答案】A
【2016·北京】24.Your support is important to our work. ________ you can do helps.
A. However
B. Whoever
C. Whatever
D. Wherever
【答案】C
【解析】题目考查主语从句。helps是谓语，“________ you can do”是主语部分，即主语从句，在主语从句中，do后缺少宾语，表示“任何事情”，因此用whatever引导，故选C。
【考点】考查主语从句
【2016·北京】29. The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is ________ one can be entirely free from dust.
A. what
B. that
C. whether
D. why
【答案】B
【解析】句意：雨季最令人愉悦的就是人们可以完全不再受到沙尘的困扰。s后跟从句作表语，即表语从句，表语从句不缺少主语、谓语和宾语，因此用that，只起引导作用，故选B。
【考点】考查表语从句
【2016·江苏】21.It is often the case ______anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.
A. why B. what C. as D. that
【答案】D
【解析】
【考点】考查主语从句
【2016·天津】11. The manager put forward a suggestion ____ we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do.
A. whether
B. that
C. which
D. what
【答案】B
【考点】考查同位语从句。
33.I truly believe ______beauty comes from within.
A. that
B. where
C. what
D. why
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我很相信美丽源自于内心! 本题考查宾语从句。从句部分不缺少任何成分，因此用that起到连接作用，也可以省略。从句部分不缺少任何成分，因此用that起到连接作用，也可以省略。故选A。
【2015·安徽】25.A ship in harbor is safe, but that’s not ______ ships are built for.
A. what
B. whom
C. why
D. when
【答案】A
【解析】句意：船停放在海港里是很安全的，但这并非建造船的目的。isn’t后跟从句作表语，表语从句中的for后缺少宾语，用what引导，what与for连用，表示目的。故选A。
【2015·浙江】6. If you swim in a river or lake, be sure to investigate
is below the water surface. Often there are rocks or branched hidden in the water.
A. what
B. who
C. that
D. whoever
【答案】A
【解析】句意：如果你在河里或湖里游泳，请确定查看水面下有什么？通常总有一些石头或树枝藏在水里。此处的what指代的是树枝或石头，B选项和D选项用于指人，that 只有语法意义。investigate 后接一个宾语从句的表达。分析宾语从句的成分可以发现，空格所做的成分是主语。根据下一句的表述中的树枝和石头，可以得出答案是what.
【2015·重庆】8.We must find out ____ Karl is coming, so we can book a room for him.
when
B. how
C. where
D. why
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我们必须弄明白什么时候来，因此我们能给他预定房间。Find out 后面跟着宾语从句。根据句意选when。
【2015·四川】8.The exhibition tells us
we should do something to stop air pollution.
A. where
B. why
C. what
D. which
【答案】B
【2015·福建】29—I wonder _________ Mary has kept her figure after all these years.
—By working out every day.
where B. how C. why D. If
【答案】B
【解析】考查宾语从句。句中I是主语，wonder是谓语，how引导的宾语从句在整个句子中做宾语。连接副词How是宾语从句中的方式状语。句子是用表示方式的介词by回答的，所以是针对方式题提问的，故用how。根据句意---我好奇玛丽在这些年是怎么保持着身材的。--通过每天锻炼。故选C
’t accept it.
A. That
B. Why
C. Where
D. How
【答案】
【解析】句意：。
【2015·北京】35. _____we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.
A. Where
B.How
C.Why
D. When
【答案】B
【解析】句意：我们如何理解事情与我们所感受的有很大关系。根据句意可知，主语从句缺少方式状语，因此选择how。故选B。
1．(2017·大纲全国卷)Exactly________the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565.
【答案】when
【解析】考查主语从句。句意：土豆被引进欧洲的确切时间不确定，但是可能是1565年左右。结合句意可知，when引导主语从句，且在从句中作时间状语。
2．(2017·北京卷)Some people believe ________ has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future.
【答案】whatever
3．(2017·重庆卷)—Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday?
—Yeah, but I have no idea ________ he did it; that's one of his favorite universities.
【答案】why
【解析】本题考查同位语从句的引导词。句意：“昨天迈克拒绝了耶鲁大学的录取，这是真的吗？”“是的，但是我不知道他为什么这样做；那是他最喜欢的大学之一。”idea后接同位语从句，表示某个想法的具体内容。根据that's one of his favorite universities(那是他最喜欢的大学之一)可知，“我”不知道他拒绝耶鲁大学的原因(why)。
4．(2017·福建卷)Pick yourself up. Courage is doing________you're afraid to do.
【答案】what
【解析】本题考查名词性从句的引导词。句意：振作起来。勇敢就是做你(明知自己)害怕做的事情。分析句子结构可知，动词doing后接的是宾语从句，从句中do后缺的是宾语，需用what引导。
5．(2017·陕西卷)________the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.
【答案】When
【解析】本题考查名词性从句的连接词。句意：那架延误的班机________会起飞在很大程度上取决于天气。分析题意和句子结构可知，这是一个含有主语从句的主从复合句；再分析句子成分可知，主语从句________the delayed flight will take off缺少状语。根据分析可知，此处要表达的是延误的飞机什么时候起飞。
6．(2017·湖南卷)As John Lennon once said, life is ________ happens to you while you are busy making other plans.
【答案】what
【解析】考查表语从句。句意：正如约翰·列侬曾经说过的一样，当我们正在为生活疲于奔波时，生活已离我们远去。what引导的是一个表语从句，且在表语从句中作主语。
7．(2017·四川卷)Grandma pointed to the hospital and said, “That's ________ I was born. ”
【答案】where
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：奶奶指着医院说，“那是我出生的地方。”根据语境及句子结构可知，空格处用where引导表语从句。
8．(2017·天津卷)I think________impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses.
【答案】what
9．(2017·山东卷)It is difficult for us to imagine________life was like for slaves in the ancient world.
【答案】what
【解析】考查连接代词。句意：我们很难想象在古代奴隶的生活是什么样子的。what was...like？＝how was...？表示“某事怎么样呢？”。
10. (2017·江苏卷)—What a mess！You are always so lazy!
—I'm not to blame, mum. I am________you have made me.
【答案】what
【解析】本题考查名词性从句的引导词。句意：“真是一团糟！你总是这么懒惰！”“妈妈，我不应该受到责备。我这个样子都是你一手造就的。”分析句子结构可知，I am后是表语从句，引导词what在从句中作me的补足语，相当于the one/person that, 即I am the one/person that you have made me. 。类似的例子还有：He is no longer what(＝the one/person that) he used to be. 。what在此类句子中意为“……的，具有……特征的”，相当于the one that/the person that/the things that/all that。
________he said at the meeting was really true.
A．that
B．all
C．what
D．which
【答案】C
2．There is a popular view________in city strangers are less likely to help an elderly person.
A．that
B．whether
C．why
D．how
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知空后的句子不缺少成分且句意完整故选that引导同位语从句作view的同位语。
________is known to us is that tobacco contains nicotine and other harmful products，so you should give up smoking.
A．As
B．It
C．What
D．Which
【答案】C
【解析】考查主语从句。句意：我们知道烟中含有尼古丁和其他有害成分因此你应该戒烟。________is known to us这一部分在句中作主语是一个know缺少宾语故用what引导。
________man can land on the moon.
A．that
B．which
C．whether
D．what
【答案】A
【解析】考查主语从句。句意：人类登月已经不再是一个问题了。此处it用作形式主语真正的主语是that引导的从句此处that不作成分只起连接作用。
________ we should go to get the car repaired. We were in the middle of the forest at that time.
A．where
B．that
C．which
D．when
【答案】A
【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：我突然想起这个问题我们该到哪里去修车当时我们正在森林的中部。根据后面“当时我们在where引导从句作the question的同位语。如果没有后面的语境项也是正确的。
________is honest and easy to get on with.
A．who
B．whoever
C．whomever
D．no matter who
B
【解析】考查宾语从句。所填词在宾语从句中作主语。who表达的意思不对也不符whomever不能在句中作主语；no matter who不能引导名词性从句。
________I put my wallet after I paid the bill.
A．where was it
B．it was where that
C．where it was that
D．where was it that
【答案】C
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我真的不知道付了账之it is/was＋that...。
________every team member played their own part well.
A．which
B．it that
C．that
D．what
【答案】B
9．________David’s classmate wanted to tell him was________great an effort his teacher had made to help him out.
A．What；what
B．That；how
；how
D．What；that
C
【解析】考查主语从句与表语从句。在题干中之前为主语从句从句中him之后缺少直接宾语故应用what作为引导词；was之后是表语从句根据感叹句的句型“how＋＋a/an＋名词＋主谓”可知第二个空应用how故选C。
d was not given a satisfying answer to his question________he came from to the world.
A．which
B．when
C．what
D．where
【答案】D
11．________some medals came to live in the sea is not known.
A．Which
B．Since
C．Although
D．How
【答案】D
【解析】考查疑问副词how引导的主语从句。选项B、C中的since和although不能引导主语从句；选项A中的which虽能引导主语从句但与some矛盾。
________they would be affected by the present disease called “MERS(输入性中东呼吸综合征)”．
C．that
D．when
【答案】C
【解析】fear后为同位语从句。在同位语从句、表语从句、主语从句中的引导词that一般不省略。故选C。
—No.It’s just________I can’t stand the smell of the paint here.
A．when
B．how
C．that
D．why
【答案】C
14．I never doubt________he is an honest man.________I doubt is________he’ll come on time this time.
A．whether；That；when
；What；whether
；What；whether
；Why；whether
B
【解析】句意：我从未怀疑过他是一个诚实的人。我所怀疑的是他这次是否会按时来。doubt作动词时用于肯定句中其后接由whether/if引导的宾语从句；用于否定句中其后接由that引导的宾语从句。doubt后的表语从句常用whether引导又因为主语从句“________I doubt”中所缺少的成分是宾语故选B。
________fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences.
A．What
B．That
C．This
D．Which
【答案】B
【解析】考查that引导的主语从句。句意：国与国之间的时装差异可以反映出其文化的差异。因为该主语从句是一个完整的句子不缺少句子成分所以要用that引导。
—That’s________I don’t agree.There are many examples to show girls can do as well as boys.
A．what
B．where
C．when
D．how
【答案】B
17．Dick enjoys painting but he knows the fact________he doesn’t have________it takes to be a professional.
A．that；that
B．which；what
Cwhat；that
D．that；what
D
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：Dick喜欢that引导同位语从句说明fact的具体内容；第二空引导宾语从句并在宾语从句中作takes的宾语。
________our dream will come true in June，2016，we feel more motivated to prepare for the College Entrance Examination.
A．that
B．whether
C．which
D．what
【答案】A
【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：2016年6月我们的梦想就能实现带着这样的信念我们感觉备战高考更有动力了。本题为同位语从句说明belief的内容从句中不缺少成分故用that。
________used to be called the “Foggy City”，we found London completely changed.London is now one of the capital cities in the world with the finest air quality.
A．which
B．what
C．that
D．where
【答案】B
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：当我们到达过去被称为“雾都”的伦敦时我们发现它完全变了。伦敦现在成了世界上空气质量最好的首都城市之一。介词in后面的宾语从句缺少主语此处应用what故选B。
________China has confidence in the success of its new round of reforms.
A．what
B．whether
C．that
D．when
【答案】B