2017高考英语阅读理解解析版汇编（1）
阅读理解Stephen William Hawking was born on January 8,1942(300 years after the death of Galileo)in Oxford，England.His parents' house was in North London，but during the Second World War Oxford was considered a safer place to have babies.When he was eight，his family moved to St Albans，a town about 20 miles north of London.At eleven Stephen went to St All.School，and
then on
to
University College，Oxford，his
father's
old
college.Stephen wanted to do mathematics，although his
father
would
have
preferred
medicine.Mathematics was not available at University College，so he did physics instead.Stephen then went on to Cambridge to do research in cosmology(宇宙论)．After gaining his PHD，he became first a research fellow，and later on a professional fellow at Gonville & Caius College.After leaving the Institute of Astronomy in 1973 Stephen came to the Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics，and since 1979 has held the post of Lucasian Professor of Mathematics.The chair was founded in 1663 with money left in the will of the Reverend Henryucas，who had been the Member of Parliament for the University.It was first held by Isaac Barrow，and then in 1669 by Isaac Newton.His many publications include The Large Scale Structure of Spacetime with G．F.R.Ellis，General Relativity ：An Einstein Centenary Survey
with W．Israel，and 300 Years of Gravity with W．Israel.Stephen Hawking had two popular books published：his best seller A Brief History of Time，and his later book，Black Holes and Baby Universes and other essays.
“My goal is simple.It is a complete understanding of the universe，why it is as it is and why it exists at all，”Hawking said.
1．Hawking's father would like Hawking to learn________.
A．mathematics
B．physics
C．medicine
D．cosmology
答案：C 根据第一段倒数第二句“Stephen wanted to do mathematics，although his father would have preferred medicine.”可知，父亲想让霍金学习医学。
2．Which one of the following is NOT right about the description of Hawking?
A. Hawking was born on the 300th anniversary of Galileo's death.
B．Hawking went to school at the age of eleven.
C．Hawking liked physics best when he was young.
D．Hawking，together with W．Israel wrote two of his works.答案：C 根据第一段的内容可知，斯蒂芬·霍金最早较喜欢数学，但学习了物理专业，是因为那所大学没有数学专业。
3．All the people has held the post of Lucasian Professor of Mathematics except________.
A．Henry Lucas
B．Stephen Hawking
C．Isaac Barrow
D．Isaac Newton
答案：A 文章第二段中介绍了艾萨克·贝若，艾斯克·牛顿和斯蒂芬·霍金都担任这个职务，故A项符合题意。
4．What Hawking said in the last passage means that________.
A. he would like to lead a simple life
B．he would devote his life to the research of the universe
C．he has understood the great law of the universe
D．it is easy for him to understand the universe
答案：B 联系上下文和最后一段霍金所说的“My goal is simple.It is a complete understanding of the universe...”反映了他献身宇宙科学研究的决心。
5．The BEST title for this passage is most likely to be“__________”．
A．Hawking's happy familyB．Hawking and his colleagues
C．Hawking's great worksD．Hawking—a great scientist
答案：D 本文主要介绍了斯蒂芬·霍金的生平，他对宇宙科学理论的研究成果以及他献身宇宙科学研究的决心，故D项符合题意。
US researchers have found traces of an ancient lake on Mars recently，increasing hopes of discovering evidence that billions of years ago the Red planet hosted life.
The lake，which dates back some 3.4 billion years，appears to have covered as much as 80 square miles and was up to 1,500 feet deep，said the team from the University of Colorado.
“This is the first clear evidence of shorelines on the surface of Mars，”said Boulder' s research associate，Gaetano Di Achille，in a study published in the latest edition of Geophysical Rese arch Letters.
“The identification of the shorelines and accompanying geological evidence allows us to calculate the size and volume of the lake，which appears to have formed about 3.4 billion years ago.”
Analysis of the images has shown the water carved out the canyon(溪谷)in which it was found，which then opened out into a valley depositing(使淤积)sediment(沉积)which formed a delta(三角洲)．
“Finding shorelines is a great discovery to us，”said assistant professor Brian Hynek，adding it showed the lake existed at a time when Mars was thought to have been cold and dry.
Scientists believe the oldest surfaces on Mars formed during the wet and warm era known as the Noachan epoch，about 4.1 billion to 3.7 billion years ago.
The newly discovered lake is believed to date from the Hesperian era and postdates the end of the warm and wet period on Mars by 300 million years，according to the study.
Scientists believe deltas next to the lake may well hold secrets about past life on Mars as such places on Earth have become the natural deposits of organic carbon and other markers of life.
1. The size of the lake found on Mars is________.
A．80 square milesB．1,500 square miles
C．3.4 billion square milesD．300 million square miles
答案：A 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The lake，which dates back some 3.4 billion years，appears to have covered as much as 80 square miles”一句，可推知答案。
. When the lake existed，the weather on Mars was ________.
A．hot and wet
B．wet and warm
C．cold and dry
D．cold and wet
答案：C 细节理解题。根据第六段中…it showed the lake existed at a time when Mars was thought to have been cold and dry知，答案为C。. Why do scientists think deltas near the lake may hold secrets about past life on Mars?
A. Because similar places on Earth have become natural deposits of markers of life.
B．Because someone has put secrets about past life on Mars there.
C．Because past life has been found in other deltas on Mars.
D．Because some people are said to have already seen life marks there.
答案：A 细节理解题。由原文最后一句可直接找到答案。
. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A．The Noachan epoch was a wet and warm era.
B．The lake might have existed 3 .4 billion years.
C．The discovery can' t fully prove that the Mars once hosted life.
D．The lake traces prove that there exists life on Mars now.
答案：D
推理判断题。由第一段内容可知火星上湖岸线的发现只是增加了人们发现亿万年前火星上曾经存在生命证据的可能性，但并不能推出火星上现在有生命。
阅读理解Blue planets Space is not black，but light green，a team of astronomers announced on January 10.They studied the light sent out by 200 000 galaxies.What they found was that the average colour of the universe is a bit greener than turquoise(绿宝石)．
The discovery was part of an attempt to test theories about how stars and galaxies form.Most astronomers believe that the universe probably started with a“blue period”when young blue stars filled space.Now the universe is in a“green period”．They believe it will finally enter a“red period”when the older，redder stars appear.
“The reason for the colour changing is that the rate of stars forming is changing，”said Ivan Baldry，an astronomer who worked to find the average colour of light in the universe.
Research presented by NASA scientists shows that the highest point of starforming may have occurred earlier than previously(以前)believed.It was probably very soon after the“Big Bang(宇宙大爆炸)”that many scientists believe gave birth to the universe.
There is no way any human could actually see the green colour.“The only way to see it is if you saw all the universe from the same distance away and it was not moving，”Baldry said.Baldry and his coworker，Karl Glazebrook，have both joked about possible marketing(营销)opportunities for the new colour.
Perhaps colouroftheuniverse Tshirts or coffee cups could become popular.But Baldry allowed，“I don't know if you can patent(专利)a colour，that's not our business.We haven't actually been to a paint shop yet to see if they have a name for this.”
1．The astronomers discovered the colour of the universe________.
A．when they were researching on the age of the universeB．when they attempted to test theories about the forming of stars and galaxies
C．to prove that the universe is continuously changing
D．and showed that the stars and galaxies may have formed earlier than previously believed
答案：B 第二段第一句“The discovery was part of an attempt to test theories about how stars and galaxies form.”说明了discovery是在理论检测过程当中作出的。
2．According to the astronomers，________.
A．the universe is changing its colour all the time
B．all the heavenly bodies are green at present
C．the universe has changed its colour several times
D．the universe will finally turn red
答案：D 第二段最后一句“They believe it will finally enter a‘red period' when the older，redder stars appear.”为该选项提供了依据。从第二段可看出宇宙的颜色由蓝到绿，最终将变而还会变红，所以C选项中的已经变了几次不符合事实。而all the heavenly bodies远远大于文中的stars这一范围。A选项中的all the time表示的频率过高。
3．We can infer that the most popular colour of Tshirts would be________.
A．red
B．blue
C．green
D．light green
答案：D 综合第一段第三句“What they found was that the average colour of the universe is a bit greener than turquoise(绿宝石)”和最后一段第一句“Perhaps colouroftheuniverse Tshirts or coffee cups could become popular.”可看出答案。4．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A．No human can see the real colour of the universe.
B．The theory of“Big Bang”is widely received by scientists.
C．The rate of stars forming is causing the change of the universe's colour.
D．Humans can receive light from at least 200,000 galaxies.
答案：A D选项来自于第一段第二句；C选项来自第三段第一句；B选项来自第四段最后一句。A选项与第六段有很大的差异。
(2015·海淀区第二学期期中)
Sports are the base of my life, next to my mother who raised me when my dad left us. I have been into sports since I was six years old. I have known many coaches and heard hundreds of their tips, but they usually focused on drills to develop my skills and reach the next level of play.
When I was in Senior Two, I met the new school basketball coach, Brian Pawloski. I thought I was certain to be selected for the school team since I had been in it the year before. I showed up to the tryouts and put out about 90% effort since I thought I'd make it with no problem. That was a big mistake.
Brian Pawloski is the hardestworking coach I have ever met. He didn't expect 100% effort; he expected 200% effort. One example: he once made us do 40 suicide drills for the 40 layups (投篮) we missed in a game. Some think this is crazy, but it isn't. After this conditioning practice, as we were getting a cup of cold water to drink, I said, “coach, that was the best practice I ever had.” I was completely sincere. This man was and is the person who influenced me most at my high school. He expects us to be excellent not just on the court but in the classroom. If I am not working on basketball, I am reading a book that he thinks will help us better understand life's challenges, including Wooden, Coach, and The Screwtape Letters.
In the first two years I slacked_off,_not putting forth my full potential. Now, unlike the coaches of my youth, this man was interested in how he did off the court. He always made sure I kept up with my studies and was able to be trusted. I can honestly say that no other coach has given me so much advice on how to succeed in basketball, but more importantly, in life. My school is lucky to have such a great person to teach, coach and influence their students. I will always remember my highschool basketball days as one of the hardest times I have ever worked in my life not only in basketball but in my growth as an individual.
文章大意：这是一篇英语传记故事阅读。文章主要讲述了作者中学时的篮球教练对他一生的影响。
9．Different from other coaches, Coach Brian ________.
A．concentrated on skill training
B．trained the team to the edge of death
C．expected the team to do well in their studies
D．asked the team to do more reading than training
答案：C 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的Now，unlike the coaches of my
youth, this man was interested in how we did off the court. He always made sure I kept up with my studies and was able to be trusted. I can honestly say no other coach has given me so much advice on how to succeed in basketball，but more importantly，in life可知Coach Brian不仅关心学生们的训练还关心学生们的学习和生活，这是其他教练所没有的。故选C。
10．The underlined phrase “slacked off” in the last paragraph probably means ________.
A．paid no attention
B．showed no interest
C．had less passion
D．made less effort
答案：D 词义猜测题。paid no attention没注意；showed no interest显示没兴趣；had less passion有更少的激情；made less effort付出更少的努力。根据画线单词后的not putting forth my full potential“没有付出我全部的潜能”判断是“付出了更少的努力”。故应选D。
11．In the author's eye, Coach Brian is ________.
A．strict and helpful B．hardworking and honest
C．skilled and cruel D．professional and serious
答案：A 推理判断题。strict and helpful严格但有帮助的；hardworking and honest工作勤奋而且诚实；skilled and cruel技能熟练并残酷；professional and serious专业并严肃。通读全文，特别是最后一段都透露着作者感到老师的严格和对他的一生都有帮助。故选A。
阅读理解训练
(2015·东北三省四市二模)
Windows 8, apart from Windows 95, is the biggest surprise and the only version of Microsoft's operating system has been changed from the core(核心) when compared to its former one. However, a recent study has shown that under 20% of business owners would be willing to upgrade to the new version of Windows. The reason for this remains to be discussed and debated, and we will try to throw light on this research by providing you with some of the most common advantages and disadvantages of Windows 8.
Generally speaking, there are a great number of plus_sides related to upgrading from Windows 7 to Windows 8.
Speed—This is the biggest advantage to mention. Boot time has been reported to be up to nine times shorter than that with Windows 7.
New passwords—Instead of typing your passwords, windows 8 will let you use gestures on your favorite photos to enter your password. This is not only practical but also extremely cool!
Windows 8 experience—Apart from computers, Windows 8 will be used on all devices, including smart phones, tablet PC's and so on. Also, owing to the fact that it has been specifically designed with touch screen users in mind, Windows 8, besides using keyboard and mouse, will offer a whole new user experience.
However, there are still some disadvantages.
The first one that has to be mentioned is that there is no Start Menu from Windows. Yes, there is no Start button in the lower left corner, and this might be a real puzzle of many Windows users. Also, many users have had a problem to get used to the new interface(界面) introduced by Windows 8. The biggest problem that is worth noticing
is that Windows 8 was originally designed for touch screen users, and this may have a had effect on desktop users who have gotten used to doing everything with the help of their keyboard and mouse.
文章大意：本文是说明文，介绍了Windows 8的优缺点。
12．What does “plus aides” in Paragraph 2 probably refer to?
A．Math symbols. B．Advantages.
C．New rules. D．Messages.
答案：B 词义猜测题。math symbols数学符号；Advantages有利条件；New rules新规章制度；Massages信息。从plus这个词的本意和下文中提到的“Speed, New passwords，Windows 8 experience”还有“However, there are still some disadvantages.”可知答案选B。
13．The most attractive aspect of Windows 8 is its ________.
A．complex password B．fast rate
C．unique experience D．new interface
答案：B 细节理解题。complex password 复杂的密码；fast rate 快的速度； unique experience 独特的经验；new interface 新的界面。从“Speed”部分“This is the biggest advantage to mention.”可知答案选B。
14．From the passage we can learn that Windows 8 ________.
A．no longer requires a password
B．was upgraded from Windows 95
C．will be popular with desktop users
D．can be used on more than computers
答案：D 细节理解题。考查考生对细节信息的提取能力。no longer require a password不再需要密码；was upgraded from Windows 95从Windows 95开始升级；will be popular with desktop users 将受到桌面用户的喜爱；can be used on more than computers不仅用于电脑。从“Windows 8 experience”部分“Apart from computers, Windows 8 will be used on all devices”可知，应选D。
15．Many Windows 8 Users will face the problem that ________.
A．Start Menu is hidden in the lower left corner
B．they have to use fingerprints instead of buttons
C．key board and mouse can't be used any longer
C．they don't get accustomed to the new interface
答案：D 细节理解题。考查考生对细节信息的提取能力。Start Menu is hidden in the lower left corner开始菜单隐藏在左下角；they have to use fingerprints instead of buttons要使用指纹代替按钮；keyboard and mouse can't be used any longer 键盘和鼠标不再被用；they don't get accustomed to the new interface他们不习惯新的界面。由文章最后一段中 “Also, many users have had a problem to get used to the new interface(界面)introduced by Windows 8.” 可知答案选D。