2017高考英语阅读理解解析版汇编（3）
阅读理解训练
(2015·长春市质监三)
I have been teaching animal behavior at the Boulder County Prison in Colorado for 10 years. The course is one of the most popular in the prison. Prisoners have to earn the right to attend the course and they work hard to get in.
One reason why the course is so popular is that many prisoners find it easier to connect with animals than with people, because animals don't judge them. They trust animals in ways they don't with humans.
Yet, they hold a misunderstanding of how animals treat one another. Many admit that their own “animal behavior” is what got them into trouble in the first place. I teach that though there is competition and aggression in the animal kingdom, there is also a lot of cooperation(合作)and sympathy.
Many of the students want to build healthy relationships, and they find that the class helps them. I use examples of the social behavior of groupliving animals such as wolves as a model for developing and maintaining(维持)friendships among people who must work together for their own good and also for the good of the group.
It's clear that science inspires the students here and it also gives them hope. I know some students have gone back into education after their being set free while others have gone to work for humane(人道)societies or contributed time and money to conservation organizations. One went on to receive a master's degree in nature writing.
Science and humane education help the prisoners connect with values that they otherwise would not have done. It opens the door to understanding, trust, cooperation and hope. There's a large population of people to whom science could mean a lot, if only they could have access to it. The class helps me, too. I get as much out of it as the students and it has made me a better teacher.
文章大意：本文是教育类小故事阅读。作者用和动物之间的关系来教育那些囚犯们，没想到却让他们的生活翻开了新的一页。人是可以教得好的。
5．The author's course is welcomed by the prisoners because ________.
A．they consider animals their best friends
B．they are curious about animal kingdom
C．they feel it easier to get along with animals
D．they are more familiar with animal behavior
答案：C 细节理解题。根据文章第二段的One reason why the course is so popular is that many prisoners find it easier to connect with animals than with people可知犯人们喜欢作者的课程因为他们发现和动物交流更容易。A项他们认为动物是他们的最好朋友；B项他们对动物王国感到好奇；C项他们感到和动物交流更容易；D项他们对动物行为更熟悉。故选C。
6．The author used wolves as an example to ________.
A．provide the prisoners with more knowledge
B．explain the cruel side of groupliving animals
C．help the prisoners realize the importance of teamwork
D．inform the prisoners that animals get people into trouble
答案：C 细节理解题。根据文章第四段I use examples of the social behavior of groupliving animals such as wolves as a model for developing and maintaining(维持)friendships among people who must work together for their own good and also for the good of the group可知作者把狼作为范例是想帮助囚犯意识到团队工作中合作的重要性。A项给囚犯提供更多的知识；B项解释群居动物的残酷性；C项帮助囚犯理解团队工作的重要性；D项告诉囚犯动物让人陷入麻烦之中。故选C。
7．We can infer from the text that some prisoners ________.
A．have turned over a new leaf
B．are required to attend the course
C．are willing to learn working skills
D．prefer humane education to science
答案：A 判断推理题。根据文章第五段的I know some students have gone back into education after their being set free while others have gone to work for humane(人道)societies or contributed time and money to conservation organizations中的关键词set free释放，可推断一些囚犯的生活翻开了新的一页。A项已经翻开了新的一页；B项被要求参加课程；C项更愿意学习劳动技能；D项和科技相比更喜欢人道教育。故选A。
阅读理解训练
(2015·山西省太原市二模)
Washington: NASA has announced evidence that Jupiter's largest moon, Ganymede, has a saltwater ocean under its icy surface. The ocean seems to have more water than all the water on Earth's surface, according to new Hubble observation.
New Hubble observations of Ganymede's magnetic field strongly suggest that the moon, which is the largest in our whole solar system, is home to a subsurface ocean.
Scientists estimate the ocean is 95 kilometres thick, which is about 10 times deeper than Earth's oceans. But unlike our salty waters, Ganymede's ocean is buried under 150 kilometres of ice.
While scientists have speculated(推测) since 1970s about the presence of an ocean on Ganymede—the largest moon in our solar system—until now the only observational evidence came from a brief flyby by the Galileo spacecraft, which didn't observe the moon long enough to confirm a liquid ocean.
This discovery marks an important milestone, highlighting what only Hubble can accomplish. In its 25 years in orbit, Hubble has made many scientific discoveries in our own solar system. A deep ocean under the icy surface of Ganymede opens up further exciting possibilities for life beyond Earth.
Scientists_have_already_confirmed_the_existence_of_an_ocean_on_Europe,_another moon orbiting Jupiter, and NASA has announced plans to send an unmanned mission there searching for the life that might come with liquid water.
Hubble is a telescope that orbits Earth, but because of its impressive gravitational analyses it can be used to study the inside of far distant planets. Using these same principles, scientists could theoretically detect oceans on distant planets as well.
文章大意：这是一篇关于天文知识的资讯报道。科学家们通过Hubble望远镜判断在木星上发现海洋的存在，人们期待更多的地球以外的生命存在。
8．What can we learn about the Ganymede from the passage?
A．It is a planet with the largest moon in our whole solar system.
B．Its ocean adds to people's excitement about life beyond Earth.
C．It will be used by NASA as a base for the Hubble telescope.
D．Its liquid ocean was first proved by the Galileo spacecraft.
答案：B 细节理解题。根据通过第五段中“A deep ocean under the icy surface of Ganymede opens up further exciting possibilities for life beyond Earth.”可知海洋增加了人们关于地球以外的生命的兴奋。故选B。
9．Which of the following best describes the writer's attitude towards Hubble?
A．Cautious. B．Doubtful.
C．Negative. D．Favourable.
答案：D 推理判断题。Cautious谨慎的；Doubtful怀疑的；Negative否定的；Favourable支持的。根据通过第五段中“This discovery marks an important milestone, highlighting what only Hubble can accomplished.”可知作者对Hubble的态度是支持的。故选D。
10．What does the underlined part in Paragraph 6 mean?
A．An underground ocean has been found in Europe.
B．The presence of an underground ocean in Europe is not possible.
C．It is now certain that there is an ocean on Europe.
D．No evidence has shown the existence of an ocean on Europe.
答案：C 句意猜测题。通过横线句子中的“confirm the existence” 和“NASA has announced plans to send an unmanned mission there searching for the life that might come with liquid water.”可知欧洲上空可能有海洋是确定的。故选C。
11．What type of writing does this passage belong to?
A．A term essay. B．A news report.
C．An experiment report. D．An exploration review.
答案：B 推理判断题。A term essay一个学期论文；A news report一个资讯报道；An experiment report 一个实验报告；An exploration review一个探索评论。通过第一段“Washington: NASA has announced evidence...”格式及文章内容可知。故选B。
阅读理解训练
(2015·山东省威海市二模)
Run, swim, lift weights, do yoga—do something, because it's good for you. Many studies tell us that regular exercise not only helps our bodies but improves memory, and eases anxiety. But what is happening to the mind during workout to create all these benefits?
A new study from Sweden suggests that a specific protein found in trained muscles might contribute to exercise's mental benefits. This protein, the researchers found, might help our bodies process molecules that, if out of balance, can stress us and contribute to depression(萎靡不振). The findings were published in the journal Cell.
To test this, the researchers kept attacking some mice with flashing lights, loud noises and interrupting their sleep for weeks. Predictably, this treatment makes the mice show signs and biochemical markers of depression.
But not all the mice showed those signs. One group, specially raised to have high levels of a protein called PGC1alpha1 (the one in trained muscles), did not show those depression signs. PGC1alpha1 increases production of an enzyme that breaks down a chemical called kynurenine. Kynurenine helps the body respond to an activated immune system(活性免疫系统), but it also plays a role in depression.
“Our original research assumption was that trained muscle would produce a substance(物质) with beneficial effects on the brain，” Jorge Ruas of the Karolinska Institute told Forbes.com. “We actually found the opposite: welltrained muscle produces an enzyme that removes harmful substances away from the body.”
This study was in mice, but it lines up nicely with all the other lines of evidence that exercise is good for mental health.
文章大意：体育锻炼有益身心健康，但是我们的大脑在锻炼过程中发生了什么变化从而有益于我们的身心的呢？本文给出了答案：锻炼的肌肉中产生了一种enzyme物质，它带走了我们身体里的有害物质。
12．According to the study, which of the following is bad for your mental health?
A．Protein. B．Molecule.
C．Enzyme. D．Kynurenine.
答案：D 细节理解题。由第四段最后一句话“...but it also plays a role in depression.”可知，Kynurenine会造成我们心情萎靡不振。该题易误选B项，由第二段倒数第二句话“molecules that, if out of balance, can stress us and contribute to depression(萎靡不振)”可知，该物质本身无害，只有当它在身体内失衡时才有害，所以不选。
13．What conclusion have the researchers drawn from the study?
A．Unbalanced exercise leads you to depression.
B．Wellfed mice survive better though being illtreated.
C．Trained muscle produces a substance good for brain.
D．Regular exercise helps to clear rubbish away from body.
答案：D 细节理解题。由第五段最后一句话“...welltrained muscle produces an enzyme that removes harmful substances away from the body...”可知。
14．According to the last paragraph, the result of the study is ________.
A．reliable B．doubtful
C．predictable D．ambiguous
答案：A 推理判断题。该研究是在老鼠身上做的，但是它与其他研究非常吻合，所以该研究结果是可信的。
15．What's the main idea of the passage?
A．Why do you need regular exercise?
B．What matters most for your body?
C．How does exercise help your brain?
D．Why are mice chosen for the study?
答案：C 主旨大意题。由文章大意可知。
(2015·安徽省黄山市高中毕业班第二次质检)
If you are trying to achieve big goals in your life and work, the chances are that, from time to time, you hit rock bottom. Nothing works, nothing goes right, and nothing succeeds. At times like these, you may feel like throwing_in_the_towel. But before you do, read the following story. It might just change your mind.
One day, a small business owner decided he'd had enough. Enough of the endless work, enough of the lack of response, enough of the disturbing loneliness.
He went into the woods to have one last talk to the wise man. “Mr. wise man，” he said. “Can you give me one good reason why I shouldn't give up？”
The answer took him by surprise. “Look around you，” the wise man said. “Do you see the fern (蕨类植物)and the bamboo？”
“Yes”， the man replied.
“When I planted the fern and the bamboo, I took very good care of them. I gave them both equal amounts of food and water. I gave them sunlight in spring and protected them from the storms in autumn. The fern quickly grew from the earth. Yet nothing came from the bamboo seed. But I did not give up on the bamboo. In the second year, the fern grew even better than before but nothing came from the bamboo seed. But I did not give up on the bamboo. In year three there was still nothing from the bamboo seed. But I would not give up. In year four, again, there was nothing from the bamboo seed. Still would not give up.”
Then in the fifth year a tiny sprout(芽)came out from the earth. Compared to the fern it was seemingly small. But day by day the sprout grew. Within six months, the sprout had risen to a height of 100 feet. It had spent the five years growing roots. Those roots made it strong and gave it
what it needed to survive.“Did you know, young man, that all this time you have been struggling,
you have been growing? Grow the roots that you need to produce your fruit.”
“Don't compare yourself to others. All things have different purposes, and different journeys.
The bamboo has a different purpose from the fern. Yet they both make the forest beautiful. Yourtime will come. You will rise high.”
The small business owner left the forest. And never went back.
If nothing seems like it is happening in your life, despite all the work you're putting in,
remember that you're probably growing roots not fruit. Stick with it. One day not far from now,
there'll be a great harvest.
文章大意：这是哲理类文章阅读。文章通过竹子的故事告诉我们当面临困难的时候不要放弃。
1．The underlined phrase “throwing in the towel” in Paragraph l probably means ________.
A．crying out B．showing off
C．giving up D．running away
答案：C 词义猜测题。cry out大声哭泣；show off炫耀；give up放弃；run away跑掉。根据前文的Nothing works, nothing goes right, and nothing succeeds诸多困难，应该是想到放弃。故选C。
2．After the wise man planted the fern and the bamboo，________
A．he cared for the fern only
B．they didn't receive any care from him
C．he gave up the bamboo in the fifth year
D．the bamboo seed never stopped growing
答案：D 推理判断题。根据文中the wise man所说的话“Yet nothing came from the bamboo seed. But I did not give up on the bamboo. In the second year, the fern grew even better than before but nothing came from the bamboo seed. But I did not give up on the bamboo. In year three there was still nothing from the bamboo seed. But I would not give up. In year four, again, there was nothing from the bamboo seed. Still would not give up. Then in the fifth year a tiny sprout(芽)came out from the earth”可知竹子从没有放弃过自己的成长。故选D。
3．From the passage we can conclude that the small business owner will________.
A．not turn to the wise man for help again
B．not give up in face of difficulties
C．give up his business later
D．grow some bamboo later
答案：B 推理判断题。根据the wise man所说的竹子故事，不放弃。商人回去后肯定会在遇到困难时不再放弃。故选B。
4．Which of the following best describes the story in the passage?
A．Never give up hope.
B．Practice makes perfect.
C．Time and tide wait for nobody.
D．One should try and achieve bigger goals in life.
答案：A 主旨大意题。A项永远不要放弃希望；B项熟能生巧；C项时不我待；D项一个人应该努力在生活中获得更大的成就。通读全文，并根据the wise man的故事判断就是永远不要放弃。故选A。
阅读理解训练
(2015·长春市质量检测二)
Scientists in Argentina have created the world's first cow with two human genes that will enable it to produce humanlike milk.
Genetic engineering was used to introduce the “mothers' milk” genes into the animal before birth, according to the National Institute of Agribusiness Technology in Buenos Aires.
As an adult the cloned cow “will produce milk that is similar to humans” in what will prove “a development of great importance for the nutrition of infants(婴儿)”， said the institute.“The cloned cow, named Rosita ISA, is the first in the world that incorporates two human genes that contain the proteins present in human milk，” said the statement.
The Argentine team said the Chinese only introduced one human gene, while their research involved two，meaning the milk will more_closely_resemble that of humans.
“Our goal was to raise the nutrition value of cows' milk by adding two human genes, which do good to the immune system of the infants.” said Adrian Mutto, from the National University of San Martin which worked with the institute.
Cristina Kirchner, President of Argentina, said that the scientific institute “makes all Argentines proud.”She also rejected that she had rejected the “honour” of having the cow named after her. “They came to tell me that the name is Cristina, but what woman would like to have a cow named after her? It appeared to me to be more proper to call it Rosita.”
文章大意：这是一篇资讯报道，属记叙文体裁，介绍了阿根廷通过添加人类基因的方式培育出了“类人乳”牛。
5．What's the passage mainly about?
A．The importance of genetic engineering.
B．Ways to improve “mothers' milk”．
C．A cloned cow to produce humanlike milk.
D．Advanced agricultural technology in Argentina.
答案：C 主旨大意题。根据科技资讯报道的特点，在文章第一段就会出现文章主题句，即 Scientists in Argentina have created the world's first cow with two human genes that will enable it to produce humanlike milk.即可得出正确结论，故选C。
6．Which of the following can be best replace “more closely resemble” in Paragraph 4?
A．have more varieties than
B．be more similar to
C．have more nutrition than
D．be more different from
答案：B 词义猜测题。第四段内容介绍了中国培育了加入一个人类基因的牛可以被认为 “humanlike”，那么阿根廷加入两个，足见是“更接近人乳”了，故选B。
7．What can be inferred from Cristina Kirchner's statements?
A．She was quite satisfied with the research done by the institute.
B．She considered it an honor to name the special cow.
C．She felt it improper to be named after the cow.
D．She refused to give a name to the cow out of selfrespect.
答案：A 推理判断题。女总统的话the scientific institute “makes all Argentines proud” 说明A 正确。B中说她认为给牛命名是一种荣耀，并未提及。最后一段，只要明确name和name after区别即可。be named after her 是以她的名字命名，而be named after the cow是以牛的名字命名；显然C是错误的，而D中give a name to the cow是给牛起名的意思，故D不对。