2017高考英语阅读理解解析版汇编（4）
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(2015·山东省威海市二模)
British planning experts are heading to China to advise on building cities that do not damage the environment. They will address mayors on the need to avoid U．S. Model by building dense(稠密的) cities with lowcarbon buildings and good public transport. Their visit follows a report warning that the roadbased U．S. Model could make climate change impossible to control.
Europe's denselypopulated cities, with strong public transport links, are held up as an example for China to follow. By good planning and spending a little more, livable new cities could be built with lowcarbon infrastructure(基础设施). In China many institutions are taking the climate more seriously than before and the traveling group from Britain's Town and Country Planning Association will meet officials from the Chinese government's economic research agency in a workshop on lowcarbon buildings.
They will also meet officers in fastgrowing Shenyang, which has more than six million inhabitants(居民). On another day they will present their ideas at the National Academy. Several of China's major cities suffer heavy traffic jams. Some of their leaders are now looking for new ideas to make cities more denselypopulated, while the mayors of some fastgrowing cities are hoping to build in a less energyconsuming way.
China also suffers a crisis of agricultural land, so highdensity planning has many benefits. Kate Henderson said “As more and more people across the world move from rural to urban areas we must guarantee our cities grow stably.” This means delivering schools, parks and public transport alongside employment areas and housing. “We look forward to sharing our thinking on how Garden City principles can be applied—both to creating new cities and to renewing existing ones.”
文章大意：英国设计专家将来中国为我们建设环保而密集型的城市提供建议。
8．Why does the writer mention U．S. Model in the passage?
A．To show the advantages of Europe's Model.
B．To enrich our knowledge about City Model.
C．To tell us its disadvantages and give us a warning.
D．To convey American experts' views on city planning.
答案：C 细节理解题。由第一段最后一句话“...warning that the roadbased U．S. Model could make climate change impossible to control.”可知。
9．What is unique for Europe's denselypopulated cities?
A．The roadbased Model is good for the environment.
B．It can speed up the growth of the newlybuilt cities.
C．Its inhabitants enjoy the convenience of the wide roads.
D．Its designs focus on lowcarbon buildings and public transport.
答案：D 推理判断题。由第二段前两句话“Europe's denselypopulated cities, with strong public transport links, are held up as an example for China to follow. By good planning and spending a little more, livable new cities could be built with lowcarbon infrastructure(基础设施)．”可知。
10．What does the underlined word “they” in Para 3 refer to?
A．British planning experts.
B．Mayors from China's major cities.
C．Officers from Shenyang.
D．Leaders from Chinese institutions.
答案：A 猜测词义题。由所在句后动作“will present their ideas at the National Academy(将会在国家研究院展示他们的理念)可知，他们指的是英国设计专家。该题因为看不懂画线句后的动作，所以易误选B、C项。
11．What is the best way to make Chinese cities grow stably?
A．By saving more agricultural lands.
B．By building apartments near working areas.
C．By persuading people to move to rural parts.
D．By building environmentfriendly dense cities.
答案：D 推理判断题。由文章大意可知。
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(2015·江西省上饶市三模)
Certainly, a wellrounded education is the foundation from which all of us spring forth. I am grateful to the many incredible teachers who have inspired me to do greater things, and have fired my enthusiasm for everlasting learning!
I have also been honored to have the most amazing teachers in all of my children's lives. These are extraordinary people who not only teach our children, but love them, challenge them, and provide an environment where a child learns how to learn.
But, sometimes I wonder if the outline of our educational plan is lacking something. I watched the movie Easy A with my older daughter. The main character's parents were loving, supportive, and built great confidence in their daughter and developed her ability to handle her own problems.
There was a scene where the mother was speaking to the younger child and he announced that he received an “ A” on his spelling test. She replied, “ That's great, honey, but everything has spell check these days. ”It was funny—but TRUE！I don't mean that we shouldn't teach our children how to spell, but maybe some of our time should be spent educating them about the dangers of posting things on Facebook.
Maybe we might want to spend time showing them how real life works—the credit card isn't free money—you will have to pay it back at sometime. Oh, and get this—they charge you for borrowing that money. Perhaps, we should spend some time on interpersonal relationships. I worry that our kids do not know how to relate to one another.
Choosing a career is a daunting task. My daughter is in her second year in college and has changed her major twice. It's not that she didn't know what she wanted to do. What she “wanted to do”and the degree she chose did not match.
I have learned many college students do not know what they want to do because they haven't seen what it looks like in the real world. Being a journalist in the real world looks very different from writing stories. Maybe if we spent some time exposing them to real life experience—maybe two or three courses in areas of interest in high school that give them a “ feel” for what that particular field would look like, they might be better prepared. I do not know the solution, but it seems that it should at least be a topic of discussion.
文章大意：本文是关于教育的文章。文章主要论述了现在的课程与现实生活脱节，作者呼吁应该为孩子们开设为真正的生活准备的课程。
12．Why does the author mention the movie Easy A?
A．To prove the importance of book learning.
B．To show the parents' ignorance of spelling.
C．To lead to the topic he is going to talk about.
D．To share with the readers his feeling about the movie.
答案：C 细节理解题。根据题干关键词the movie Easy A找到文章对应段落是第三段，其中的第一句话But, sometimes I wonder if the outline of our educational plan is lacking something判断是为了引出话题。故选C。
13．The author believes that________.
A．students need to focus on the skills in learning
B．parents and school should be consistent in education
C．his daughter is smart enough to make her own choice
D．courses in areas of interest in high schools will benefit students
答案：D 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Maybe if we spent some time exposing them to real life experience—maybe two or three courses in areas of interest in high school that give them a “feel” for what that particular field would look like, they might be better prepared.可知在高中开设孩子感兴趣的课程将会让学生们受益。故选D。
14．The underlined word “daunting” in Paragraph 6 probably means ________.
A．specific B．discouraging
C．rewarding D．regular
答案：B 词义猜测题。specific专门的；discouraging令人泄气的；rewarding奖赏的；regular有规则的。根据该段下文的My daughter is in her second year in college and has changed her major twice. It's not that she didn't know what she wanted to do. What she “wanted to do”and the degree she chose did not match可知该单词的意思是令人沮丧的、泄气的。故选B。
15．What is mainly discussed in the passage?
A．Schools should prepare students for the real life.
B．What students learn in school should be practiced in life.
C．Life experience is of greater importance than school education.
D．Students should spend more time discussing practical problems.
答案：A 主旨大意题。通读全文，并根据文章最后一段可知作者主要讨论的是应让孩子学些自己感兴趣并为真正的生活做准备的课程。故选A。
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(2015·北京)
The Boy Made It!
One Sunday, Nicholas, a teenager, went skiing at Sugarloaf Mountain in Maine.In the early afternoon, when he was planning to go home, a fierce snowstorm swept into the area.Unable to see far, he accidentally turned off the path.Before he knew it, Nicholas was lost, all alone! He didn't have food, water, a phone, or other supplies.He was getting colder by the minute.
Nicholas had no idea where he was.He tried not to panic.He thought about all of the survival shows he had watched on TV.It was time to put the tips he had learned to use.
He decided to stop skiing.There was a better chance of someone finding him if he stayed put.The first thing he did was to find shelter from the freezing wind and snow.If he didn't，his body temperature would get very low，which could quickly kill him.
Using his skis，Nicholas built a snow cave.He gathered a huge mass of snow and dug out a hole in the middle.Then he piled branches on top of himself，like a blanket，to stay as warm as he could.
By that evening，Nicholas was really hungry.He ate snow and drank water from a nearby stream so that his body wouldn't lose too much water.Not knowing how much longer he could last，Nicholas did the only thing he could—he huddled(蜷缩)in his cave and slept.
The next day，Nicholas went out to look for help，but he couldn't find anyone.He followed his tracks and returned to the snow cave，because without shelter，he could die that night.On Tuesday，Nicholas went out again to find help.He had walked for about a mile when a volunteer searcher found him.After two days stuck in the snow，Nicholas was saved.
Nicholas might not have survived this snowstorm had it not been for TV.He had often watched Grylls' survival show Man vs. Wild.That's where he learned the tips that saved his life.In each episode(一期节目)of Man vs. Wild，Grylls is abandoned in a wild area and has to find his way out.
When Grylls heard about Nicholas' amazing deeds，he was super impressed that Nicholas had made it since he knew better than anyone how hard Nicholas had to work to stay alive.
文章大意：本文讲的是一个小男孩在暴风雪中迷路，他不畏艰难，利用在电视中学到的野外生存知识逃脱困境的故事。
1．What happened to Nicholas one Sunday afternoon?
A．He got lost. B．He broke his skis.
C．He hurt his eyes. D．He caught a cold.
答案：A 细节理解题。根据第一段第四句，“Before he knew it, Nicholas was lost, all alone！”可知答案。说明Nicholas迷路了。故选A。
2．How did Nicholas keep himself warm?
A．He found a shelter. B．He lighted some branches.
C．He kept on skiing. D．He built a snow cave.
答案：D 细节理解题。根据文章第四段Using his skis.Nicholas built a snow cave.He gathered a huge mass of snow and dug out a hole in the middle.Then he piled branches on top of himself，like a blanket，to stay as warm as he could.可知，Nicholas保持温暖的方式是建了一个雪洞。故选D。
3．On Tuesday，Nicholas________.
A．returned to his shelter safely
B．was saved by a searcher
C．got stuck in the snow
D．stayed where he was
答案：B 细节理解题。根据第六段He had walked for about a mile when a volunteer searcher found him.可知，星期二的时候，Nicholas被一名志愿搜索者救了。故选B。
4．Nicholas left Grylls a very deep impression because he________.
A．did the right things in the dangerous situation
B．watched Grylls' TV program regularly
C．created some tips for survival
D．was very hardworking
答案：A 推理判断题。根据最后一段．..he was super impressed that Nicholas had made it since he knew better than anyone how hard Nicholas had to work to stay alive.可知，Grylls 这个人想表达一个小男孩能在如此困难的情况下成功逃生是难能可贵的，A选项正好能表达此意思。故选A。
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(2015·福建)
SIGN YOUR CHILD UP FOR “FLY TO THE MOON CLUB”
AND ENJOY A FREE* FLIGHT TO ANY DESTINATION IN ASIA!
With a registration fee of just $50 per child，children under the age of 12 can join Eagle Airways' FLY TO THE MOON CLUB as members.
They can then enjoy the same benefits onboard Eagle Airways' newest Boeing797 to any destination in the world!
BENEFITS YOU CAN'T MISS!
•A free* flight to any destination in Asia
•30% off any course at Tanya Language School
•20% off any purchase made at Ruby Bookstore
•A free notebook with every purchase above $50 at Starlight Stationery
•A free bowl of dessert for a family of four at Don's Diners with every set dinner ordered
•A birthday gift on your child's birthday
•A free album containing pictures taken during the journey
All bookings made before 12 September will receive free travel insurance for the entire family！**Insurance is issued by Live Life Insurance Group.
10% OFF ALL BOOKINGS
for departures from 5 to 11 September 2015
*Child must be accompanied by two paying adults.
**Terms and conditions apply.
文章大意：这是一则广告，航空公司成立的“飞向月球俱乐部”招募成员，广告主要介绍加入俱乐部后成员及家长可以享受的优惠政策。
5．One of the benefits mentioned in the advertisement is ______.
A．a free flight to any destination in the world
B．30% off any book purchased at Ruby Bookstore
C．a free bowl of dessert at any restaurant at the airport
D．a discount on any course at Tanya Language School
答案：D 细节理解题。根据30% off any course at Tanya Language School可知D项正确。
6．Which of the following bookings may receive the most benefits？
A.
Booking date Departure date
September 13 September 18
B
Booking date Departure date
September 2 September 12
C.
Booking date Departure date
August 15 September 4
D.
Booking date Departure date
August 16 September 8
答案：D 细节理解题。根据文中All bookings made before 12 September will receive...以及10% OFF ALL BOOKINGS for departures from 5 to 11 September 2015可知D选项符合条件。
7．Which of the following is TRUE according to the advertisement?
A．You need to pay $50 to sign up a child for the club.
B．Club members enjoy free travel insurance for any flight.
C．The advertisement is intended for students of all ages.
D．Any child must be accompanied by at least one paying adult.
答案：A 细节理解题。根据文中All bookings made before 12 September will receive free travel insurance...可知，并不是所有的航程都享受免费保险服务，故排除B项；由首段的第一句话可知该俱乐部是针对11岁以下儿童的，故排除C项；根据文中最后的备注Child must be accompanied by two paying adults.可知D项错误。A项中的sign up与首段第一句话中的registration对应，故选A项。
(2015·青岛市二模)
Scientists investigated why Ebola virus is so deadly when it spreads from animals to humans and then from humantohuman contact. The research team looked at the Zaire Ebola virus in an animal system to understand how it gains strength. This virus is responsible for the current outbreak in West Africa. They found that initially the animal systems were not affected by the virus, but succeeding transmission(传送) into other animals caused the virus to “hot up” and become more severe.
The team analyzed the viruses at different stages and were able to identify several changes in its genetic material that were associated with increased disease.
Professor Julian Hiscox, who led the study from the University's Institute of Infection and Global Health, explains: “The work tells us that the evolutionary goal of Ebola virus is to become more fatal.”
“We were able to show through genetic analysis which parts of the virus are involved in this process. The information we have gathered will now allow us to monitor for such changes in an outbreak as well as develop future treatment strategies.”
Professor Roger Hewson, leading the study from Public Health England, Porton Down, said: “Ebola virus is such a destructive infection to the people affected by the disease and the economy of West Africa.”
“Our understanding of Ebola virus biology is way behind that of other viruses and our cooperation shows how we can bring together our specialists' skills to close this knowledge gap.”
Professor Miles Carroll, a coauthor of the work, said: “This study has allowed the team to be at the forefront of developing methodologies to analyze patient samples recently taken by the European Mobile Laboratory from West Africa to understand disease evolution during the current outbreak.”
文章大意：本文是医疗科研报告。文章主要讲述了关于埃博拉病毒的研究进展情况，该病毒与什么有关系，该如何控制该病的疫情。
1．What does the first paragraph mainly tell us?
A．How severe Ebola virus is.
B．How Ebola virus spreads.
C．How Ebola virus gradually becomes deadly.
D．What contributions scientists have made on Ebola virus.
答案：C 主旨大意题。A项严重的埃博拉病毒是怎么样的；B项埃博拉病毒是如何传播的；C项埃博拉病毒是如何变得致命的；D项科学家们为埃博拉病毒做出了什么样的贡献。根据题干关键词the first paragraph。通读第一段，并根据第一句话Scientists investigated why Ebola virus is so deadly when it spreads from animals to humans and then from humantohuman contact可知该段的大意是埃博拉病毒是如何逐渐变得致命的。故选C。
．Which of the following statements is mentioned in the passage?
A．In the first stage, the virus hurts its victims much.
B．As the virus spreads, it'll change and become more and more deadly.
C．The research in Ebola virus is more advanced than that in other viruses.
D．The scientists have a negative attitude to the research in Ebola virus.
答案：B 推理判断题。根据文章第一段的They found that initially the animal systems were not affected by the virus, but succeeding transmission(传送) into other animals caused the virus to “hot up” and become more severe中的关键词initially可知A是错误的；根据文章的倒数第二段“Our understanding of Ebola virus biology is way behind that of other viruses and our cooperation shows how we can bring together our specialists' skills to close this knowledge gap.”排除C；根据文章最后三段可排除D；根据文章第一段的最后一句话的后半句succeeding transmission(传送) into other animals caused the virus to “hot up” and become more severe可知选B。
．The underlined word “fatal” has the closest meaning to ________.
A．optimistic B．deadly
C．common D．fantastic
答案：B 词义猜测题。optimistic乐观的；deadly致命的；common常见的；fantastic奇异的。根据文章第四段的The information we have gathered will now allow us to monitor for such changes in an outbreak as well as develop future treatment strategies和该段的the evolutionary goal of Ebola virus可知埃博拉病毒变得更加致命。由此推断fatal是致命的。故选B。
．Where can we probably read this passage?
A．In a science report. B．In a storybook.
C．In an advertisement. D．In a textbook.
答案：A 细节理解题。In a science report在科技报告上；In a storybook在故事书中；In an advertisement在一个广告中；In a textbook在课本中。通读全文，并根据文章介绍埃博拉病毒的研究进程判断选A。