2017届高考英语一轮复习阅读理解解析版汇编：8（含解析）

　　2017高考英语阅读理解解析版汇编（8）

　　【2017·新课标全国卷Ⅰ 】阅读理解A

　　Some people will do just about anything to save money.And I am one of them.Take my family's last vacation.It was my six­year­old son's winter break form school, and we were heading home from Fort Lauderdale after a week long trip.The flight was overbooked, and Delta, the airline, offered us $400 per person in credits to give up our seats and leave the next day.I have a meeting in New York，So I had to get back.But that didn't mean my husband and my son couldn't stay.I took my nine­month­old and took off for home.

　　The next day my husband and son were offered more credits to take an even later flight.Yes, I encouraged—okay, ordered them to wait it out at the airport, to “earn” more Delta Dollars.Our total take：$1，600.Not bad, huh?

　　Now some people may think I'm a bad mother and not such a great wife either.But as a big­time bargain hunter, I know the value of a dollar.And these days, a good deal is something few of us can afford to pass up.

　　I've made living looking for the best deals and exposing (揭露) the worst tricks.I have been the consumer reporter of NBC's Today show for over a decade.I have written a couple of books including one titled Tricks of the Trade: A Consumer Survival Guide.And I really do what I believe in.I tell you this because there is no shame in getting your money's worth.I'm also tightfisted when it comes to shoes, clothes for my children, and expensive restaurants.But I wouldn't hesitate to spend on a good haircut.It keeps its longer, and it's the first thing people notice.And I will also spend on a classic piece of furniture.Quality lasts.

　　【试题分析】　本文主要通过讲述作者和家人乘坐飞机的故事，阐明了作者对于花钱购物等的态度和认识。在作者看来，我们在花钱的时候要精打细算，理智消费。

　　1. Why did Delta give the author's family credits?

　　A．They took a later flight.

　　B．They had early bookings.

　　C．Their flight had been delayed.

　　D．Their flight had been cancelled.

　　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的第五句可知，飞机票被超量预订，所以航空公司给了他们一些赔偿让他们放弃自己的座位第二天再走，故选A项。

　　答案：A

　　2. What can we learn about the author?

　　A．She rarely misses a good deal.

　　B．She seldom makes a compromise.

　　C．She is very strict with her children.

　　D．She is interested in cheap products.

　　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的最后一句可知，几乎没有人能拒绝得了一个好的交易，而从作者之前的经历来看，她也深知钱的价值，故答案为A。

　　答案：A

　　3. What does the author do?

　　A．She's a teacher.

　　B．She's a housewife.

　　C．She's a media person.

　　D．She's a business woman.

　　解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第一段第二句“I have been the consumer reporter of NBC's Today show for over a decade.”可知，作者是NBC的一名记者，即从事媒体职业，故选C项。

　　答案：C

　　4. What does the author want to tell us?

　　A．How to expose bad tricks.

　　B．How to reserve airline seats.

　　C．How to spend money wisely.

　　D．How to make a business deal.

　　解析：细节理解题。通读全文可知，本文主要通过作者自己的亲身经历，引出了作者对消费的认识，我们在消费时应该理智，要考虑所购买的东西是否是值得的。

　　答案：C

　　【2017·新课标全国卷Ⅰ 】阅读理解B

　　The baby is just one day old and has not yet left hospital.She is quiet but alert (警觉)．Twenty centimeters from her face researchers have placed a white card with two black spots on it.She stares at it carefully.A researcher removes the card and replaces it by another, this time with the spots differently spaced.As the cards change from one to the other, her gaze(凝视) starts to lose its focus until a third, with three black spots, is presented.Her gaze returns：she looks at it for twice as long as she did at the previous card.Can she tell that the number two is different from three, just 24 hours after coming into the world?

　　Or do newborns simply prefer more to fewer? The same experiment, but with three spots shown before two, shows the same return of interest when the number of spots changes.Perhaps it is just the newness? When slightly older babies were shown cards with pictures of objects(a comb, a key, an orange and so on)，changing the number of objects had an effect separate from changing the objects themselves.Could it be the pattern that two things make, as opposed to three? No again.Babies paid more attention to squares moving randomly on a screen when their number changed from two to three, or three to two.The effect even crosses between senses.Babies who were repeatedly shown two spots became more excited when they then heard three drumbeats than when they heard just two；likewise(同样地) when the researchers started with drumbeats and moved to spots.

　　【试题分析】　本文主要介绍了研究人员通过卡片或者击鼓等途径来检验婴儿对于数字变化的敏感程度。结果表明，当婴儿发现数字比较多的时候，就会更加关注或变得更加兴奋。

　　1. The experiment described in Paragraph 1 is related to the baby's________．

　　A．sense of hearing.

　　B．sense of sight.

　　C．sense of touch.

　　D．sense of smell.

　　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第四句“She stares at it carefully.”可知，婴儿目不转睛地盯着看，故研究人员的研究与婴儿的视觉有关。

　　答案：B

　　2. Babies are sensitive to the change in________．

　　A．the size of cards.

　　B．the colour of pictures.

　　C．the shape of patterns.

　　D．the number of objects.

　　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第六句“As the cards change from one to the other，her gaze starts to lose its focus­until a third，with three black spots，is presented.”可知，随着卡片上黑点的变化，婴儿的视线也发生了变化，表明婴儿对于数字的变化比较敏感。

　　答案：D

　　3. Why did the researchers test the babies with drumbeats?

　　A．To reduce the difficulty of the experiment.

　　B．To see how babies recognize sounds.

　　C．To carry their experiment further.

　　D．To keep the babies' interest.

　　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The effect even crosses between senses.Babies who were repeatedly shown two spots became more excited when they then heard three drumbeats than when they heard just two...”可知，研究人员又做了击鼓的实验，发现婴儿的听觉对数字变化也同样敏感，其目的是更加深入地研究婴儿对于数字的敏感程度，故选C项。

　　答案：C

　　4. Where does this text probably come from?

　　A．Science fiction.

　　B．Children's literature.

　　C．An advertisement.

　　D．A science report.

　　解析：推理判断题。通读全文，并结合多次提到的experiments和researchers等词可推断，研究人员做了一个检验婴儿对于数字变化的敏感度的实验，故可推断本文为一篇科学报道。A项“科幻小说”、B项“儿童文学”和C项“广告”均与本文内容不符。

　　答案：D

　　【2017·新课标全国卷Ⅰ 】阅读理解C

　　It happened to me recently.I was telling someone how much I had enjoyed reading Barack Obama's Dreams From My Father and how it had changed my views of our President.A friend I was talking to agreed with me that it was ，in his words, “a brilliantly(精彩地)written book”．However, he then went on to talk about Mr Obama in a way which suggested he had no idea of his background at all.I sensed that I was talking to a book liar.

　　And it seems that my friend is not the only one.Approximately two thirds of people have lied about reading a book which they haven't.In the World Book Day's “Report on Guilty Secrets”， Dreams From My Father

　　is at number 9.The report lists ten books, and various authors, which people have lied about reading, and as I'm not one to lie too often (I'd hate to be caught out )，I'll admit here and now that I haven't read the entire top ten.But I am pleased to say that, unlike 42 percent of people, I have read the book at number one, George Orwell's 1984.I think it's really brilliant.

　　The World Book Day report also has some other interesting information in it.It says that many people lie about having read Jane Austen, Charles Dickens, Fyodor Dostoevsky(I haven't read him, but haven't lied about it either )and Herman Melville.

　　Asked why they lied, the most common reason was to “impress” someone they were speaking to.This could be tricky if the conversation became more in­depth!

　　But when asked which authors they actually enjoy, people named J．k.Rowling, John Grisham, Sophie Kinsella (ah, the big sellers, in other words)．Forty­two percent of people asked admitted they turned to the back of the book to read the end before finishing the story(I'll come clean: I do this and I am astonished that 58 percent said they had never done so)．

　　【试题分析】　世界读书日的一个调查报告表明：有些人撒谎说他们读过某本书，其实他们根本没有读。他们撒谎的主要是给别人留下深刻的印象。

　　1. How did the author find his friend a book liar?

　　A．By judging his manner of speaking.

　　B．By looking into his background.

　　C．By mentioning a famous name.

　　D．By discussing the book itself.

　　解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段A friend I was talking to agreed with me that it was，in his words，“a brilliant written book”．However，he then went on to talk about Mr.Obama in a way which suggested he had no idea of his background at all.然后他继续以一种能暗示出他对奥巴马背景一无所知的方式继续谈论奥巴马，可知作者跟他的朋友谈论有关奥巴马的那本书，发现朋友对奥巴马的背景一无所知，这暗示出朋友其实并没有读过这本书，他对奥巴马的背景一点都不知晓，故选D。

　　答案：D

　　2. Which of the following is a “guilty secret” according to the World Book Day report?

　　A．Charles Dickens is very low on the top­ten list.

　　B．42% of people pretended to have read 1984.

　　C．The author admitted having read 9 books.

　　D．Dreams From My Father is hardly read.

　　解析：细节理解题。本题的关键词是guilty secret，定位第二、三段。根据文章第三段可知，不像百分之四十二的人那样，我很高兴地说，我读过排在第一位的George Orwell's 1984。由此可知，作者读过这本书，而百分之四十二的人却没读过。故选B。

　　答案：B

　　3. By lying about reading, a person hopes to______________.

　　A．control the conversation

　　B．appear knowledgeable

　　C．learn about the book

　　D．make more friends

　　解析：推理判断题。根据文章第四段“当被问及为什么撒谎的时候，最普遍的理由是想给正在说话的人留下深刻的印象”可知，人们之所以选择撒谎是想让对方觉得自己知识渊博，从而给对方留下一个好的印象，故B正确。

　　答案：B

　　4. What is the author's attitude to 58% of readers?

　　A．Favorable

　　B．Uncaring

　　C．Doubtful

　　D．Friendly

　　解析：态度推断题。根据第五段话最后一句“我很惊讶58%的人说他们从来没这么做过”，表明作者态度的词是astomished。选项中与此词意义接近的答案便是C项。

　　答案：C

　　【2017·新课标全国卷Ⅰ 】阅读理解D

　　The National Gallery

　　Description：

　　The National Gallery is the British national art museum built on the north side of European art ranging from 13th­century religious paintings to more modern ones by Renoir and Van Gogh.The older collections of the gallery are reached through the main entrance while the more modern works in the East Wing are most easily reached from Trafalgar Square by a ground floor entrance Layout.

　　The modern Sainsbury Wing on the western side of the building houses 13th­to 15th­century paintings, and artists include Duccio, Uccello, Van Eyck, Lippi, Mantegna, Botticelli and Memling.

　　The main West Wing houses 16th­century paintings, and artists include Leonardo da Vinci, Cranach, Michelangelo, Raphael, Bruegel, Bronzino, Titan and Veronest.

　　The North Wing houses 17th­century paintings, and artists include Caravaggio, Rubens, Poussin, Van Dyck, Velazquez, Claude and Vermeer.

　　The East Wing houses 18th­to early 20th­century paintings, and artists include Canaletto, Goya, Turner, Constable, Renoir and Van Gogh

　　Opening Hours：

　　The Gallery is open every day from 10am to 6pm (Fridays 10am to 9pm) and is free, but charges apply to some special exhibitions.

　　Getting There：

　　Nearest underground stations: Charing Cross (2­minute walk)．Leicester Square (3­minute walk), Embankment (7­minute walk), and Piccadilly Circus(8­minute walk)．

　　【试题分析】　本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了英国国家美术馆的展品以及这个展馆的布置、开馆的时间等情况。

　　1．In which century's collection can you see religious paintings?

　　A．The 13th

　　B．The 17th

　　C．The 18th

　　D．The 20th

　　解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段中的ranging from 13th­century religious paintings to...可知人们可以在这里看到13世纪的宗教图画。B、C、D三项中的图画都没有涉及religious这个词。

　　答案：A

　　2. Where are Leonardo da Vinci's works shown?

　　A．In the East Wing.

　　B．In the main West Wing.

　　C．In the Sainsbury Wing.

　　D．In the North Wing.

　　解析：细节理解题。由第三段中的The main West Wing houses 16th­century paintings，and artists include Leonardo da Vinci...可知，达·芬奇的作品可以在the main West Wing中看到，因此选B。其他几个地方都没有展出达·芬奇的画。

　　答案：B

　　3．Which underground station is closest to the National Gallery?

　　A．Piccadilly Circus.

　　B．Leicester Square.

　　C．Embankment.

　　D．Charing Cross.

　　解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Nearest underground stations：Charing Cross(2­minute walk)．..可知，Charing Cross离国家美术馆只有步行2分钟的路程，其他几个地方离国家美术馆的距离都比Charing Cross远。

　　答案：D