2017高考英语阅读理解解析版汇编（80）
阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
体裁：议论文 话题：健康生活 时间：7分钟
A new study suggests you are where you live—at least in terms of weight.
A rural address could be a risk factor for being overweight，according to the research published in the fall issue of The Journal of Rural Health.
The study，led by researchers at the University of Kansas，analyzed data from the National Center for Health Statistics.They said it is the first in more than 30 years to use actual measurements of height and weight，rather than selfreported data，which can be unreliable.
About 70 million Americans，or 23% of the population，live in rural areas.The researchers found that 39.6% of them are obese(肥胖的)，while 33.4% of urban residents are obese.Including overweight people as well，the comparative totals are 70.8% and 67.1%，the study said.
The factors at work could be the “cultural diet” of rural America，as well as the isolation(隔离) that often exists，said the lead researcher，Christie Befort，assistant professor of
preventive medicine and public health at the University of Kansas Medical Center.
That diet includes “rich homemade foods” with lots of meat and desserts，she said.Rural Americans typically consume more fats than their urban counterparts，the study found.
Another factor could be the increased mechanization(机械化) of farm work，Befort said.Older generations showed less difference in weight than younger ones—older farmers would have put in more physical labor，she said.
“Although some intervention(介入) research has begun to address
obesity among rural adults and families，great attention needs to be focused on widespread effective programs in rural areas，which contain some of the largest medically underserved communities in the nation，” the researchers said.
【语篇导读】 肥胖症的研究有了新的发现——居住地也是造成肥胖症的重要因素。39.6%的美国乡下居民患有肥胖症，这与油腻的饮食、农场机械化、落后的医疗服务等有很大的关系。
1．What do we know about the study about weight in the passage?
A．The new study is the first study of rural obesity in the past 30 years.
B．The new study is the first time to research into the cause of obesity.
C．Results in the past years can be inaccurate as they haven't adopted actual measurements.
D．The result of the new study is not reliable at all.
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段可知，这个研究分析了国家健康中心的数据，是近30年来第一次使用身高和体重的实际测量数据，而不是使用未必可靠的“自我报告的数据(selfreported data)”，从这些信息可推知，过去的研究数据不是很准确，不太可靠。因此选C。
答案 C
2．What
do we know from the fourth paragraph?
A．The rural population in America has increased by 23%.
B．About 27.72 million rural Americans have the problem of obesity.
C．Obese people have moved to live in the countryside for its natural environment.
D．23% of the 70 million Americans live in the countryside.
解析 推理判断题。第四段说美国人口的23%，即七千万美国人，住在农村，其中39.6%是肥胖者，因此B正确(39.6%×70 million＝27.72 million)。C项文章未提及，A、D项均是对第四段第一句话的曲解。
答案 B
3．What does the report suggest to deal with the problem?
A．Calling on the farmers to do more physical work.
B．Paying attention to widespread effective programs in rural areas.
C．Getting farmers connected with each other.
D．Persuading people to move to the urban area.
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，研究者认为应该更关注向农村——那里有医疗服务极其低下的地区——推广有效的项目，由此推断选B。
答案 B
4．What does the underlined word“address” in the last paragraph mean?
A．deal withB．write downC．refer toD．cure
解析 猜测词义题。最后一段研究员介绍了如何应对肥胖问题，因此该词的含义应该是“对付，处理”，而不是“治疗”。
答案 A
【长难句解读】
原文 “Although some intervention(介入) research has begun to address obesity among rural adults and families，great attention needs to be focused on widespread effective programs in rural areas，which contain some of the largest medically underserved communities in the nation，” the researchers said.
译文 研究者称：“尽管已经开始了一些介入性的研究来解决乡村成年人与家庭的肥胖问题，但也需要关注向乡村地区大范围地推广有效的项目，在乡村有些地方医疗水平极其低下。”
分析 Although在句中引导让步状语从句，which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词rural areas。
, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
体裁：记叙文 话题：关爱动物 时间：7分钟
My husband and I had just opened up a pet sitting business earlier that year.Our customers had slowly risen from three to thirty a month.We were busy through those hot summer months，driving between visits.Our services were strictly held at the pet owner's home.It was almost too busy for the two of us，but we were making good money!
We asked pet owners new to our services to phone two weeks ahead so we had enough time to meet the owners and pets at their homes and make any following meeting before the owner leaves.
One day，we decided to take on a new customer just two days before they would leave.We met the family，filled in a form，and spent some time with their dog，Hercules.He playfully jumped on us and touched our hands and arms using his tongue.The family laughed as he did this，showing us that he was very loving.
Two days later I appeared at the house，alone.I came up to Hercules and said hello happily.I filled up his water bowl and cleaned any messes he made.Meanwhile，he was so lovely sitting beside.I thought this would be the good picture to send to the owners，a usual service.After the light and “click” sound went off，Hercules rushed at me.I didn't know what had just happened until I noticed the drops of blood.I ran out and did the only thing—calling my husband.
Then I went to neighbors for help.My husband arrived after ten minutes.The helpful
neighbor and my husband led Hercules back into his pen(圈)．Then my husband and I took off to the hospital.
I must have looked like I was shot when I walked into the hospital.The nurses quickly moved me to a room.I asked the doctor in a weak but playful manner，“Am I going to die？” He replied，“Finally.”
【语篇导读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者和她丈夫从事给别人看护宠物的工作，工作非常繁忙。有一次，作者外出照看宠物却发生了意外。
1．According to the text，the author's work was ______.
A．tiring and dangerous
B．easy and free
C．well paid
D．done outdoors
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第一段的最后两句可知，作者和她丈夫的工作主要是在客户家里进行的，他们非常忙碌，但是报酬是很高的。故选C项。
答案 C
2．What did the author often do during her work?
A．Cleaning the clients' house.
B．Walking the pets outside.
C．Bringing the pets to her own house.
D．Taking a photo of pets to the owners.
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段第五句“I thought this would be the good picture to send to the owners，a usual service.”可知，D项正确。
答案 D
3．It can be inferred from the text that the author was attacked because ______.
A．Hercules feared the sound and flash
B．the author attacked Hercules first
C．Hercules was very hungry then
D．the author treated Hercules badly
解析 推理判断题。根据第四段倒数第三句和倒数第二句可知，在作者拍照的时候，随着相机发出闪光和咔嚓声后，Hercules袭击了作者。由此可推知，Hercules害怕相机的闪光灯和咔嚓声。
答案 A
4．The doctor's answer gave us a sense of ______.
A．anger
B．humor
C．carelessness
D．patience
解析 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段，作者问医生“我要死了吗？”，医生的回答是“最终会的”可知，作者这次是没有生命危险的，而医生的回答给读者一种幽默感。
答案 B
, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
体裁：记叙文 话题：助人为乐 时间：15分钟
On a cold winter day，a group of strangers band together to save three children.
The 30 miles of switchbacks(急转弯) that snake through the pinecovered mountains of Logan Canyon in Utah are enough to make most drivers' hands sweat.
But Roger Andersen，a 46yearold father of four，wasn't expecting any trouble on the road last New Year's Eve，when he set off for an unexpected ski trip to the Bear River Mountains with nineyearold daughter Mia，fouryearold son Baylor，and nineyearold neighbor Kenya Wildman.Andersen had driven through the canyon hundreds of times over the years.
“We ski in that area at least 20 times a year，” says Andersen.“I know the spots that ice up a lot in the winter.”
The weather was glorious for hitting the slopes—30 degrees and sunny—but the higher they drove，the slicker(滑溜溜的) the roads became.Rounding a sharp turn at mile maker 473，Andersen saw a truck that had skated off the road and tapped his brakes(刹车) suddenly.In an instant，the Honda Accord was sliding at 25 miles per hour toward the shoulder of the highway，then slipping down a steep tenfoot embankment(路堤) toward the cold Logan River.As it hit the water，the car tipped toward the passenger side，hesitated，and then rolled onto its roof and sank into
the river.
There was no time to tell the kids what to do.The crash had broken a few windows，and within seconds，the cab of the upsidedown car was filled with water.“It was frightening how fast we were completely underwater，” remembers Andersen，a softspoken product development manager.“You're thinking，‘Is this how it's all going to end？'”
Then，Andersen began to search the freezing water for the kids.Mia had been right next to him in the front seat；now，in the blackness，he couldn't find her.“I thought，if I don't get out，maybe none of us is going to get out.” Andersen untied his seat belt，swam through a broken window，and gasped for air at the surface.That's when he saw a group of men，about ten in all，appear at the top of the embankment.One after another，they jumped into the water，shouting,“Who else is in the car？”Andersen says respectfully,“It was like the sight of angels.”
【语篇导读】 Andersen的车不幸落入冰冷的河水中，一群素昧平生的人对车里的人展开了一场生死营救……
1．Which word can best describe the feelings of most drivers when driving on this slope?
A．Nervous.
B．Curious.
C．Excited.
D．Puzzled.
解析 推理判断题。第二段提到这段30英里的路急转弯多，足以让多数司机手心出汗(are enough to make most drivers' hands sweat)，据此可推知，多数司机开车走在这段路上的时候应该都非常紧张，故选择A。
答案 A
2．What Andersen says in Paragraph 4 shows that ______.
A．he is used to driving on such a dangerous road
B．he has great confidence in driving on this steep road
C．he likes to ski on such a steep downhill road
D．he would not meet such trouble as other drivers did
解析 推理判断题。由Andersen说的话可知，他一年要在该地区滑雪至少20次，也对该地区冬天的情况很了解，由此推测他走这条路时十分有信心，故选择B。
答案 B
3．How did Andersen escape from the crashed car at last?
A．He was saved with the help of some passersby.
B．He swam out of a broken window.
C．He broke a window nearby.
D．He drove his car out of the water.
解析 细节理解题。从文章最后一段可知，Andersen在车里找不到孩子，自己松开安全带，从一个破的车窗里游了出来，故选择B。
答案 B
4．Andersen's attitude toward these men's rescuing the children might be that of______.
A．doubt
B．satisfaction
C．sympathy
D．appreciation
解析 推理判断题。从最后一段Andersen的回答“It was like the sight of angels.”可推知，Andersen 对这些人的见义勇为是非常感激的，故选择D。
答案 D
【长难句解读】
原文 As it hit the water，the car tipped toward the passenger side，hesitated，and then rolled onto its roof and sank into the river.
译文 当接触到水面时，车子向副驾驶那一边倾斜，稍停了一下，然后底朝天跌入河中。
分析 这是一个复合句，As引导时间状语从句，the car tipped...为主句，其中的四个动词为并列谓语，表示按时间依次发生的动作。
, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
体裁：记叙文 话题：真实生活 时间：7分钟
One of those big social networking sites，Facebook，has attracted over 58 million members.Commentator Melody Cramer is no longer one of them.Here is what she shares with us about her story.
I deleted all 1,281 of my coworkers，secondgrade classmates and people who I don't know at all.I shut down my account，completely.I'm 25，and I've been on Facebook since March of 2004，which makes me one of the website's earliest users.
At first，I used it obsessively.If I had a free moment，I'd log on to see whether my friends had updated their profiles.I'd sit alone scrolling through these updates and then run into someone at a coffee shop and have nothing to say because I already knew everything about them，and they knew everything about me.
In November，I went to my fiveyear high school reunion and was not pleasantly surprised.Lauren became a model，Josh went to law school，Dina was a teacher.I hadn't talked to any of them since graduation，but I knew exactly what they were doing，both now and last week.But lately，I'm overwhelmed(应接不暇)．Facebook opened up to everyone，not just college students，and my coworkers started to join，which meant they now knew what I was doing when I
wasn't at work.
And as a rule: you can NOT make friends with your coworkers because then they'll ask you the next day.But I
thought we were friends.And you are friends but not the kind of friends who tell each other what they do outside of work.So now the people you work with can see what you did last night，and you're constantly worrying what people might say about what you did last night instead of actually doing anything tonight.
So I quit.I became a 25yearold Luddite，a person who is strongly against technology development.I've retuned to how the world worked when I was 20，before I knew when my friends and coworkers were counting down the seconds to vacation or wistful(伤感的) or entering a complicated relationship.I'm hoping life will be a lot simpler now.People will be more mysterious now that I actually have to talk to them to find out their favorite books or hobbies or neurosis(神经症)．I don't know when my college roommate goes to the supermarket，and I think I'm a better person for not knowing.In fact，you could say getting off a social network was the best thing I've done this week.
【语篇导读】 本文是一篇记叙文。评论员Melody Cramer曾是社交网站Facebook的忠实追随者，近日却毅然选择了退出。究竟是什么原因让她做出如此的决定呢？
1．We learn from the passage that commentator Melody Cramer ______.
A．had a 20year membership of Facebook
B．used to be very attached to Facebook
C．was disappointed to meet her high school classmates
D．was one of the founders of Facebook
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，Melody曾经对Facebook很着迷，故B项正确。
答案 B
2．Melody Cramer decided to quit Facebook mainly because ______.
A．she made so many strange friends online
B．she thought Facebook wasted her too much time
C．she thought Facebook made her realworld life less interesting
D．she was tired of chatting online with coworkers.
解析 推理判断题。根据第三、四段内容可知，Melody Cramer经常在网上就已经知道了她朋友的一切，当他们真正碰面时却又无话可说，所以她觉得Facebook使她的真实世界的生活很无趣，故C项正确。
答案 C
3．Which of the following about Melody Cramer is TRUE?
A．She has learnt a lot from Facebook on communication skills.
B．She wishes that she could be several years younger.
C．She no longer wants to know anything about her friends.
D．She would prefer to face her friends and coworkers in the real world.
解析 推理判断题。通读全文，特别是最后一段中的“I'm hoping life...their favorite books or hobbies or neurosis(神经症)．”可推知，她更喜欢在现实生活中去面对朋友和同事，故D项正确。
答案 D
4．From her own experience Melody Cramer is seemingly trying to tell us that ____.
A．staying online too often makes one overwhelmed and bored
B．it is unwise to make online friends with people one doesn't know
C．making online friends with coworkers affects one's personal life
D．it is necessary to keep one's friends at a distance to remain mysterious
解析 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知，Melody Cramer以自己的亲身经历告诉我们：同事毕竟不是那种相互告知彼此下了班都做些什么的朋友，他们会影响你的正常生活，故C项正确。
答案 C
, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
体裁：记叙文 话题：友谊情深 时间：7分钟
When milk arrived on the doorstep
When I was a boy growing up in New Jersey in the 1960s，we had a milkman delivering milk to our doorstep.His name was Mr.Basille.He wore a white cap and drove a white truck.As
a 5yearold boy，I couldn't take my eyes
off the coin changer fixed to his belt.He noticed this one day during a delivery and gave me a quarter out of his coin changer.
Of course，he delivered more than milk.There was cheese，eggs and so on.If we needed to change our order，my mother would pen a note——“Please add a bottle of buttermilk next delivery”—and place it in the box along with the empty bottles.And then，the buttermilk would magically appear.
All of this was about more than convenience.There existed a close relationship between families and their milkmen.Mr.Basille even had a key to our house，for those times when it was so cold outside that we put the box indoors，so that the milk wouldn't freeze.And I remember Mr.Basille from time to time taking a break at our kitchen table，having a cup of tea and telling stories about his delivery.
There is sadly no home milk delivery today.Big companies allowed the production of cheaper milk，thus making it difficult for milkmen to compete.Besides，milk is for sale everywhere，and it may just not have been practical to have a delivery service.
Recently，an old milk box in the countryside I saw brought back my childhood memories.I took it home and planted it on the back porch(门廊)．Every so often my son's friends will ask what it is.So I start telling stories of my boyhood，and of the milkman who brought us friendship along with his milk.
【语篇导读】 本文记叙文，作者使用夹叙夹议的写作手法回忆了自己小时候家人和送奶人之间的深厚友谊，表达了作者对儿时生活及送奶人的怀念。
1．Mr.Basille gave the boy a quarter out of his coin changer ______.
A．to show his magical power
B．to pay for the delivery
C．to satisfy his curiosity
D．to please his mother
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句话可知我目不转睛地盯着对方的东西是出于一个五岁孩子的好奇心，而送奶人这样做是为了满足我的好奇心。
答案 C
2．What can be inferred from the fact that the milkman had the key to the boy's house?
A．He wanted to have tea there.
B．He was a respectable person.
C．He was treated as a family member.
D．He was fully trusted by the family.
解析 推理判断题。由第三段内容可知送奶人是被信任的人，所以可以拥有“我”家的钥匙，以方便送奶。
答案 D
3．Why does home milk delivery no longer exist?
A．Nobody wants to be a milkman now.
B．It has been driven out of the market.
C．Its service is getting poor.
D．It is forbidden by law.
解析 推理判断题。由第四段可知：第一，大公司竞争力强；第二，牛奶销售到处可见。二者足以把送奶人排挤出市场。
答案 B
4．Why did the author bring back home an old milk box?
A．He missed the good old days.
B．He wanted to tell interesting stories.
C．He needed it for his milk bottles.
D．He planted flowers in it.
解析 推理判断题。由文中字里行间可知，作者怀念儿时的时光，怀念与送奶人之间的深厚情谊，再根据最后一句：我开始讲述我儿时的故事，讲述送奶人的故事，可知作者在怀旧。
答案 A
【长难句解读】
原文 Big companies allowed the production of cheaper milk，thus making it difficult for milkmen to compete.
译文 大公司可以生产出更便宜的牛奶，这就使得送奶人很难与之竞争。
分析 本句making为非谓语动词，为结果状语。