2017高考英语阅读理解解析版汇编（91）
【健康环保类—阅读理解】(2015·福建，E)
Group exercise is one of the most effective ways to improve physical fitness and sustain(保持) a healthy lifestyle.Group exercise is challenging，yet fun and empowering！Of course everyone knows that exercise is good for the body.However，studies have shown that when exercise is performed in groups，it’s not only great for improving physical health but for psychological health.It’s an opportunity to be social，release endorphins(内啡肽)，and improve your strength.Additionally，group exercise creates a community feel and the shared common goal motivates participants to work hard.The instrumental support of taking on a fitness journey with others proves more effective than going to the gym alone.
Another beneficial aspect of group exercise is the informational support participants receive from the instructor.
Many people fear the gym because they feel lost and don’t want to embarrass themselves.If you feel you can relate，then group training is an even better option for you.It’s a great opportunity to learn more about fitness through the clear instruction and supervision(监管) of a fitness instructor.If you’re tired of wandering around the gym wasting time and becoming bored，you can attend an upbeat group fitness class that’ll keep your workout on track.Don’t let fitness frighten you!
If you’re serious about wanting to live a healthy lifestyle，it’s extremely important to surround yourself with people who’ll provide you with the proper emotional support.I wouldn’t scold anyone for deciding to party on weekends and in turn I wouldn’t expect anyone to give offence to me for focusing on my health.Surround yourself with people who uplift，encourage and understand you！Make fitness even more fun by trying something new or any group fitness class，with a friend.Plan to go for a jog together.Then try a fun healthy restaurant or fresh juice bar！Fitness can be both fun and social!
Surrounding yourself with people who’ll provide you with respect support can be very beneficial while working towards reaching health and fitness goals.First，decide to do it for yourself and work towards staying positive.Then make sure the people you surround yourself with are supportive.Don’t let negativity ruin your motivation.
1.The first paragraph focuses on
A.the greatest challenge of group exercise
B.the most effective way to improve physical fitness
C.the contribution of group exercise to psychological health
D.the shared common goal in performing exercise in groups
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段第四句可知，研究表明，群体健身不仅对改善身体健康有益处，而且能有效的改善心理健康。
2.The underlined word “upbeat” in the second paragraph probably means “
”.
A.cheerful
B.average
C.serious
D.temporary
答案 A
解析 词义猜测题。根据“If you’re tired of wandering around the gym wasting time and becoming bored, you can attend an upbeat group fitness class that will keep your workout on track.”可以判断upbeat应该与bored的意思相反。
3.When it comes to emotional support，the author thinks it necessary
A.to sustain a colorful lifestyle
B.to party on weekends with positive people
C.to try a fun healthy restaurant regularly
D.to surround yourself with supportive people
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，如果你想得到相应的情绪支持，你就该让自己环绕在有积极思维的人身边。
4.What would be the best title for the passage?
A.Seeking Support
B.Supporting Health
C.Improving Your Strength
D.Building Up Fitness
答案 B
解析 标题归纳题。本文对群体健身的益处进行了阐述和论证，因此，群体健身也是保持健康的一种方式。对应B项。
【健康环保类—阅读理解】（2015模拟题）
Monty Hempel is a professor of environmental sciences at Redlands University in California.He studies ecological literacy—or ecoliteracy，for short.Ecoliteracy is the ability to think about and understand the natural processes that make life possible.
Monty Hempel says ecoliteracy gives people knowledge about environmental problems.But he says it does not always work to get them to change their behavior.
Mr.Hempel wrote part of the Worldwatch Institute’s latest State of the World report.He says in his article，“Some people think that ecoliteracy is just a green form of science literacy.And what I have tried to ask is whether that’s enough.In other words，what an ecologicallyliterate person needs to know might include things like the cycles and the flows，the energy systems，all of those kind of things that we would call the science of ecology.”
“That doesn’t seem to lead to action to protect our environment—to protect our lifesupport system to the level that we need to.Just because we know a lot about the environment doesn’t mean that we actually act to save it.After all，actions speak louder than knowledge.”
He adds that people may not be very worried about environmental problems if they seem far away.“Some people call it psychological distance.A lot of climate issues are worse in the Arctic and most of us don’t spend time in the Arctic.And so，there’s a certain distance.But there’s also a distance that’s happening in the world as it urbanizes—people spending more time in front of screens and less time out in nature.We become，if you will，disconnected from the natural systems that used to be the key to success for a human being.”
To help children discover the wonders of nature，he adds that children should learn about nature in school.But he also points out we have a high mountain for people to climb from knowledge to action.
1.From what Monty Hempel says in Paragraph 3，we learn that
A.knowledge on environment protection is not enough
B.knowledge that children learn at school is useless
C.ecoliteracy can help people understand how nature works
D.people with enough knowledge will protect the environment well
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段中 Monty Hempel说的话，尤其是文中的“And what I have tried to ask is whether that’s enough.”暗示仅仅有环保的知识是不够的，故最佳答案为A。
2.What is especially important for environment protection in Mr.Hempel’s opinion?
A.Knowledge.
B.Action.
C.Green living.
D.Psychological distance.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“After all，actions speak louder than knowledge.”可知Mr.Hempel的观点是行动更重要，故最佳答案为B。
3.Mr.Hempel thinks people show no concern about some environmental problems because
A.they lack knowledge on environment protection
B.they have no awareness of environment protection
C.some environmental problems are not worse at all
D.some environmental problems happened far away
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Some people call it psychological distance(有些人叫它心理距离).”以及“And so，there’s a certain distance(这里是有一定距离的).”，可知人们对一些环境问题不关心，是因为有些环境问题发生在遥远的地方，故最佳答案为D。
4.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A.Experts think it is the best way to learn nature in school.
B.Climbing a high mountain is a good way to exercise well.
C.Changing people’s attitude to environment protection is hard.
D.Knowledge can help children take action to protect the environment.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“But he also points out we have a high mountain for people to climb from knowledge to action(但他也指出对许多人来说从知识到行动有一座高山要爬).”可知要改变人们对环境保护的态度是很难的。
【健康环保类—阅读理解】（2015模拟题）
Besides containing attractive flowers，trees and other plants that beautify the community，ecofriendly rain gardens are healthy for the environment and the people living and working nearby.
A rain garden is not very different from a traditional garden.It is just a far more ecofriendly garden.Usually it is built lower than the ground.Rain gardens make smart use of rain and storm water by temporarily holding water from rain and storms and letting it soak(渗透) slowly into the ground before it runs into streams or enters the public drinking water supply.
Thus，a rain garden keeps the water，allowing it to be used as needed by plants in the rain garden，rather than flowing immediately into nearby streams and going unused.The water will soak slowly into the ground within a day or two.This creates an advantage that the rain garden does not allow mosquitoes to breed.This is a simple，attractive，and ecofriendly “green” way to treat storm water.
What’s more，planting a rain garden helps reduce pollution and improve the environment.Without using expensive machinery and chemicals，rain gardens remove harmful chemicals in the rainwater and cut down on the amount of pollution reaching streams and rivers by up to 30%.
Native plants are recommended for rain gardens because they are more used to the local climate，soil，and water conditions.They may attract local wildlife such as native birds.Water your rain garden immediately after planting and once a week，unless you have had at least an inch of rain during the week.Once native plants establish the necessary root system，they will require little care.
Often，local governments and private businesses develop large rain gardens in their yards and in public parks as a way to improve the environment and solve flooding problems.However，you don’t need to be a professionally environmental engineer to create a rain garden.As long as you’re ecoconscious homeowners，you can help the environment by building smaller rain gardens in your yards.
1.Which of the following is NOT true for the function of rain gardens?
A.They are good for living conditions.
B.They increase pollution.
C.They can beautify the community.
D.They improve the environment.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段内容“Besides containing attractive flowers，trees and other plants that beautify the community，ecofriendly rain gardens are healthy for the environment and the people living and working nearby.”可知雨水花园对环境有益，并不会增加污染。故选B。
2.Which of the following is the ecofriendly function of rain gardens discussed in Paragraph 4?
A.They can help reduce the pollution problem.
B.They can keep the rain and storm water.
C.They can be healthy for the people around.
D.They can make the environment more beautiful.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句话“What’s more，planting a rain garden helps reduce pollution and improve the environment.”可知，雨水花园有助于减少污染。故A正确。
3.One of the main reasons why native plants are recommended is that
A.they cost less and are much easier to get
B.they may attract local wildlife to come
C.they require little care from the local gardener
D.they are more used to the local growing conditions
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第五段第一句话“Native plants are recommended for rain gardens because they are more used to the local climate，soil，and water conditions.”可知，建议种本地的植物是因为本地的植物更适应本地的环境。
4.What do we know about rain gardens?
A.They need little water after all the plants are planted.
B.They may attract local birds and change the local climate.
C.They usually need at least an inch of rainwater a week.
D.They may reduce the water pollution problem by 70%.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。由第五段第三句话“Water your rain garden immediately after planting and once a week，unless you have had at least an inch of rain during the week.”可知，雨水花园一周需要至少一英尺的雨水。故选C。
【健康环保类—阅读理解】（2015模拟题）
The fourth round of heavy smog that hit Beijing in four weeks has sent more people to the hospital with respiratory(呼吸的) illnesses and led to calls for laws to control the pollution.
Pan Shiyi，a real estate developer，said he is planning to propose(提出) a Clean Air Act to the local government.As a representative of the Beijing Municipal People’s Congress，he started an online survey at 9：20 am.Within three hours，more than 25,000 web users，or 99 percent of total respondents，welcomed his proposal on Sina Weibo，China’s Twitter.
They have good reasons to stand alongside Pan.The latest round of haze(雾霾) reduced visibility to under 500 meters in many parts of the city.The smog has also led to a great increase in respiratory illnesses，particularly among children and the elderly.Anxious parents and doctors about all blame the smoggy air for the illnesses.Though most schoolchildren are home for the winter holidays，the bad air can easily move indoors.Besides，ordinary medical masks fail to provide adequate protection，so some people have turned to gas masks and respirators(呼吸器).
The causes of the scary smog are rather mysterious，though experts blame excessive emissions and the mountains around Beijing that trap pollution in winter，unless there is adequate wind to clear it away.Some critics have pointed fingers at China’s top two oil firms，China National Petroleum Corp and China Petrochemical Corporation，saying the companies’ outdated production technologies produce large quantities of substandard，highpolluting gas fuel.
Meanwhile，concerned Beijingers have moved their brainstorming sessions to cyberspace.If Pan’s proposal for a Clean Air Act is adopted，netizens say the new law should include items providing for “carfree days” in times of smog，higher standards for vehicle fuel，stricter restrictions on industrial and exhaust gas emissions，and more effective protection for the public.
Beijing is not the only city that has ever lost the blue sky.Five days of thick fog caused thousands of deaths in Britain in December 1952，urging the government to pass the first Clean Air Act in 1956，which introduced smokeless zones and cleaner fuels to reduce pollution.That may provide some experience for Beijing to refer to.
1.Why did Pan Shiyi started an online survey?
A.To investigate the public’s opinions on pollution.
B.To tell people the danger of the smoggy weather.
C.To call on more people to support his proposal.
D.To collect supporting evidences for his proposal.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据文章第二段内容可知，潘石屹发起网上调查，是因为他计划向地方政府提交《清洁空气法案》的提议(proposal)，首先排除A、B两项；再根据常识判断，网上发起投票调查，是为了收集提议受到支持的证据，使其更具说服力，故答案选D。
2.What can we learn from the passage?
A.People are clear about the causes of the smoggy weather.
B.Children staying indoors will not get respiratory illnesses.
C.Smog is worse for people with lower resistance to diseases.
D.Masks can give people protection against the smoggy weather.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段第三句可知选C，雾霾导致呼吸性系统疾病的增长，尤其在老人和儿童中(抵抗力较低的人群)。根据第四段第一句可知A项错误；根据第三段倒数第二句可知B项错误；根据第三段最后一句可知D项错误。
3.Britain is mentioned in the last paragraph to
.
A.suggest Beijing should learn from other countries
B.let people know many places have this problem
C.tell people the situation in Britain is worse
D.call on the government to pass Britain’s Clean Air Act
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据全文最后一句可推断出，举例是建议北京向英国学习，早日制定《清洁空气法案》。
4.What’s the best title for this passage?
A.The Use of Gas Masks and Respirators
B.Beijingers Call for a Clean Air Act
C.Effective Protection for Blue Sky
D.The Mysterious Causes of the Scary Smog
答案 B
解析 标题归纳题。文章介绍了北京持续出现的雾霾天气导致的严重危害以及网民们呼吁制定《清洁空气法案》，故B项符合文章主旨。
【健康环保类—阅读理解】（2015模拟题）
Archaeologists Discover 110 New Warrior Statues in China
After being barried for centuries,110 new warrior statues has been discovered in Xi’an，China.The statues are part of a collection of lifesize figures of warriors and horses called the Terracotta Army(兵马俑).The group of more than 7,000 lifesize clay sculptures was built in 210 B.C.to guard the tomb of China’s first emperor，Qin Shi Huang.
Shen Maosheng，from the Qin Shi Huang Terracotta Warriors and Horses Museum，said archaeologists had located another 11 warriors but had not yet begun to dig the sculptures up.“The most significant discovery is that the relics that were found were wellpreserved and colorfully painted，” Maosheng told AFP.
The Warriors’ History
The sculptures were discovered by a group of farmers in 1974.While digging a well，the workers found three pits filled with the lifelike figures，which were made of a type of terracotta clay.Experts say that long ago，Emperor Qin Shi Huang ordered the creation of the clay army，along with a 20squaremile tomb in which to house it.For 36 years,700,000 laborers built this underground city.It contains models of palaces and towers，and was protected from intruders(闯入者) by.The city lay buried for more than 2,000 years.
A Worldwide Attraction
Today，people from around the world visit China to see the terracotta warriors.What makes the soldiers so special？Each figure was individually carved，so they have different hairstyles，expressions and facial features.The details make the soldiers appear true to life.Inside the pit，the statues are arranged by military rank.The higher the rank，the taller the statue.The shortest statue is 5 feet 8 inches.The tallest is 6 feet 6 inches.The lower half of each soldier is made of solid clay，while the upper half is hollow.This makes it easier for the figures to remain upright.
Great Wall
The discovery of Xi’an’s 110 new warriors comes after a new finding about the Great Wall of China.An archaeological survey revealed the Great Wall of China is more than twice as long as previously thought.The wall originally measured 5,500 miles but now measures 13,170 miles.Beijing officials plan to open two new sections of the Great Wall and to expand other areas to make room for more tourists.
1.The Terracotta Army was buried underground to
A.guard Qin Shi Huang’s tomb
B.guard Qin Shi Huang and his family
C.show how powerful the Qin Dynasty was
D.honour a war that broke out in 210 B.C.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句可知，兵马俑被埋在地下是为了保卫秦始皇的陵墓。答案选A。
2.The newly discovered warrior statues are special in that
A.they were in the same uniform
B.they were different sizes
C.they were colorfully painted
D.they were made of solid clay
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段可知，在西安发现的兵马佣不仅保存完好，而且是彩绘的。答案选C。
3.The terracotta warriors can stand upright because
A.they were arranged by military
B.they were supported by soil from all sides
C.each figure looked different from the others
D.the lower half is heavier than the upper half
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据第四段最后两句可知，兵马俑的下身是实心的，上身是空心的，由此可推知兵马佣的下身比上身重，所以能够直立。答案选D。
4.Why will two new sections of the Great Wall be open?
A.To allow more tourists to visit.
B.To make the visit more interesting.
C.To show how long the Great Wall is.
D.To have a true picture of Chinese history.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“Beijing officials plan to open two new sections of the Great Wall and to expand other areas to make room for more tourists.”可知A正确。