2017高考英语阅读理解解析版汇编（95）
阅读理解 (2017·山东省济南名校高三第四次诊断性测试)
There was a sweet smell of incense (香) in the air as the wellmuscled man moved his legs into a position well behind his head.It was something that the human body really should not be able to do.But what else would you expect at the First World Yoga Championships?
On September 25，the world’s leading yoga experts arrived in the US to find out who was the best.But the real prize was to turn yoga into a proper Olympic event.
“Yoga is a combination of bodybuilding，Miss World，Mr Universe and gymnastics，” said championship organizer Bikram Choudhury.“There are some 70 people from more than 20 countries competing in this event.Why not have yoga at the Olympics？”
The public cannot decide whether or not Choudhury’s dream will come true.But he is right about one thing：yoga has become popular with young and old people all over the world.In the US alone,15 million people practise yoga.Everyone is at it，including Madonna and Ricky Martin.
Yoga started in India more than 5,000 years ago.The name means “to join together”．That is to bring the body and mind together into one pleasing experience.The whole system of yoga is built on three things：exercise，breathing and meditation (沉思)．
The yoga that we know today is mostly physical yoga.It’s seen as a type of exercise，but is different from sports like football or running.When we do yoga，we move our body into positions that stretch the muscles and joints，making them stronger.
One of the best things about yoga is the fact that everyone can do it.To women，it means a flat stomach，more shapely legs and a graceful body.To men，it is a way of becoming stronger and more athletic.
There are also speciallydesigned yoga classes for pregnant women or children suffering from mental disabilities，such as autism (孤独症)．As for teenagers，meditation and simple breathing exercises can help them learn to calm down，relax and concentrate better.But teenagers under
16
are
not supposed to do the body exercises as it could have a bad effect on their natural growth.
1．What does the first paragraph mainly tell us?
A．Something sportsmen should not do in practising yoga.
B．Basic skills that are required in performing yoga.
C．The performance of the sportsmen at the First World Yoga Championships.
D．The unique setting where yoga is performed.
2．What is Choudhury’s dream in the passage?
A．Turning yoga into a proper Olympic event.
B．Making all Americans practise yoga.
C
Winning the First World Yoga Championships.
D．Getting the public support for promoting yoga.
3．Why does the author mention Madonna and Ricky Martin in the fourth paragraph?
A．To compare the differences between the young and the old.
B．To describe the extensive popularity of yoga in the US.
C．To emphasize the importance of practising yoga.
D．To explain the strong influence of public figures in the US.
4．Which statement is NOT true about yoga?
A．It is a type of exercise which benefits the body and mind.
B．It makes muscles and joints stronger by stretching.
C．It contains exercise，breathing and meditation.
D．It is similar to the sports like football or running.
5．According to the passage，who does not need to pay special attention in practising yoga?
A．Women to be mothers.
B．Teenagers under 16.
C．Adult men.
D．Children with autism.
语篇解读 瑜伽是一项集锻炼、呼吸和沉思于一身的健身运动，练习瑜伽将会给人带来不可思议的改变。
1．解析： 考查段落大意。根据第一段最后一句“But what else would you expect at the First World Yoga Championships？”可知，此段主要描写的是运动员在瑜伽比赛中的情景。
答案： C
2．解析： 考查细节理解。根据第二段最后一句“真正的奖是让瑜伽成为奥运会的一个项目”和第三段最后一句“为什么奥运会没有瑜伽呢？”可知，Choudhury的梦想就是使瑜伽成为奥运会的项目之一。
答案： A
3．解析： 考查推理判断。作者在文中提到，在美国有一千五百万人练习瑜伽，紧接着作者特别提到两名公众人物Madonna和Ricky Martin，其目的是以此来说明瑜伽在美国很受欢迎。
答案： B
4．解析： 考查细节理解。根据第六段第二句话可知，瑜伽不同于足球、赛跑这些运动。
答案： D
5．解析： 考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段可知，人人都可练瑜伽，但最后一段提到，怀孕妇女和患有孤独症的孩子有特别设计的瑜伽课程，沉思和简单的呼吸训练有助于青少年静心和集中精力，但十六岁以下的青少年不适宜做这种身体锻炼。因此C项“成年男子”练瑜伽时没有需要特别注意的事项。
答案：C(2017·山东省青岛市高三第一次模拟考试)
Elderly adults who regularly drink green tea may stay more agile (敏捷的) and independent than their peers over time, according to a Japanese study that covered thousands of people.
Green tea contains antioxidant chemicals (抗氧化化学物质) that may help stop the cell damage that can lead to disease.Researchers have been studying green tea’s effect on everything from cholesterol (胆固醇) to the risk of certain cancers，with mixed results so far.
They found those who drank the most green tea were the least likely to develop “functional disability”，or problems with daily activities or basic needs，such as dressing or bathing.
Specifically，almost 13 percent of adults who drank less than a cup of green tea per day became functionally disabled，compared with just over 7 percent of people who drank at least five cups a day.
The study did not prove that green tea alone kept people agile as they grew older.Green tea lovers generally had healthier diets，including more fish，vegetables and fruit，as well as more education，lower smoking rates，fewer heart
attacks and strokes，and greater mental sharpness.They also tended to be more socially active and have more friends and family to rely on.But even with those factors accounted for，green tea itself was tied to a tower disability risk，the researchers said.
People who drank at least five cups a day were onethird less likely to develop disabilities than those who had less than a cup per day.Those people who averaged three or four cups a day had a 25 percent lower risk.
Although it’s not clear how green tea might offer a buffer (缓冲) against disabilities，lead researcher Yasutake Tomata did note that one recent study found green tea extracts (提取物) seem to increase leg muscle strength in older women.
While green tea and its extracts are considered safe in small amounts，they do contain caffeine and small amounts of vitamin K，which means it could affect drugs that prevent blood clotting (凝固)．
．What does the underlined word “peers” mean in the first paragraph?
A．Fathers.
B．Brothers.
C．People of the same age.
D．People living in the same neighborhood.
．What can be learned from the passage?
A．Antioxidant chemicals can lead to disease.
B．Those who often drink green tea can’t develop “functional disability”．
C．“Functional disability” is related to problems with daily activities or basic needs.
D．People who drink at least five cups a day are not likely to become functionally disabled.
3．What does the fifth paragraph mainly tell us?
A．How the study was proved.
B．Why green tea lovers can keep agile.
C．What healthier diets include.
D．How to lower the disability risk.
．What has the researcher Yasutake Tomata discovered?
A．Those who drank green tea can’t develop “functional disability”．
B．Green tea alone kept people agile as they grew older.
C．How green tea might offer a buffer against disabilities.
D．Green tea extracts seem to increase leg muscle strength in older women.
5．From the passage we can infer that________.
A．vitamin K is contained in caffeine
B．vitamin K is good for our blood
C．vitamin K is bad for our health
D．vitamin K has influence on some drugs语篇解读 本文介绍了常饮绿茶对身体的种种好处及原因。
．解析： 词义猜测题。根据文章第一句可知，经常喝绿茶的老人比他们的同龄人更加敏捷和独立，由此可知C项正确。
答案： C
．解析： 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“to develop ‘functional disability’，or problems with daily activities or basic needs”可知C项正确。
答案： C
．解析： 段落大意题。根据第五段的第一句“The study did not prove that green tea alone kept people agile as they grew older.”及全段内容可知，本段主要讲述的是爱喝绿茶的人敏捷的原因，故B项正确。
答案： B
．解析： 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“lead researcher Yasutake Tomata did note that one recent study found green tea extracts (提取物) seem to increase leg muscle strength in older women”可知D项正确。
答案： D
．解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“they do contain caffeine and small amounts of vitamin K，which means it could affect drugs that prevent blood clotting (凝固)”可知维生素K会影响一些药的治疗效果。
答案： D阅读理解(2017·山东实验中学一模)
Global Positioning Systems (全球定位系统) are now a part of everyday driving in many countries.These satellitebased systems provide turnbyturn directions to help people get to where they want to go.However，they can also cause a lot of problems，send you to the wrong place or leave you completely lost.Many times，the driver is to blame.Sometimes a GPS error is responsible.Most often，says Barry Brown，it is a combination of the two.
Barry Brown is with the Mobile Life Centre in Stockholm，Sweden.He told us about an incident involving a friend who had flown to an airport in the eastern United States.There he borrowed a GPSequipped car to use during his stay.Mr Brown says，“They just plugged in an address and then set off to their destination.And，then it wasn’t until they were driving for thirty minutes that they realized they actually put in a destination back on the West Coast where they lived.They actually put their home address in.So again，the GPS is kind of ‘garbage in garbage out’．”
Mr Brown says this is a common human error，but what makes the problem worse has to do with some of the shortcomings，or failures，of GPS equipment.He says，“One problem with a lot of the GPS units is they have a very small screen and they just tell you the next turn.Because they just give you the next turn，sometimes that means that it is not really giving you the overview that you would need to know that it’s going to the wrong place.”
Mr Brown says，“One of the things that struck us，perhaps the most important thing was that you have to know what you’re doing when you use a GPS.There are these new skills that people have developed.There are these new competencies (资格) that you need to have to be able to use a GPS because they sometimes go wrong.This goes against a common belief that GPS systems are for passive drivers who lack navigational skills.”
Barry Brown says to make GPS systems better we need a better understanding of how drivers，passengers and GPS systems work together.
1．According to Barry Brow，in most cases，________are blame for the problems.
A．human errors
B．GPS errors
C．errors caused by both drivers and GPS
D．errors caused by putting in a wrong address
2．The example of Barry Brown’s friend is used to show that________.
A．GPS is nothing but garbage
B．GPS is still not accurate enough
C．it is difficult for drivers to use GPS equipment
D．sometimes drivers are responsible for the problem
3．It can be inferred from the second paragraph that________.
A．it’s impossible to drive from the east to the west in the US
B．Barry Brown’s friend went to Stockholm，Sweden by plane
C．given wrong instructions，the GPS will produce wrong results
D．GPS systems are for passive drivers who lack navigational skills
4．Which of the followings is one of the shortcomings of GPS equipment?
A．It just tells the driver to turn once at a time.
B．It gives the driver the overview.
C．Its screen is too small to be seen clearly.
D．It is only suitable for passive drivers.
5．What’s the main idea of the text?
A．GPS systems are helpful for drivers.
B．Driving with GPS can be difficult to navigate (导航)．
C．Drivers should understand how GPS systems work.
D．Drivers should learn to use GPS systems correctly.语篇解读 本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了开车用GPS导航系统也很难导航。
1．解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句“Most often，says Barry Brown，it is a combination of the two.”可知，答案C符合文意。
答案： C
2．解析： 推理判断题。根据文章第二段倒数第二句“They actually put their home address in.”可知，这次走错方向是由于人的疏忽导致的，不是GPS系统的原因，故答案D正确。
答案： D
3．解析： 推理判断题。根据文章第二段最后两句“They actually puy their home address in. So again，the GPS is kind of ‘garbage in garbage out’．”和对全段的整体理解可知，答案C“给错误的指令，导航系统就会产生错误的结果”符合文意。
答案： C
4．解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第三段第二句“He says，‘One problem with a lot of the GPS units is they have a very small screen and they just tell you the next turn.’”可知，答案A符合文意。
答案： A
5．解析： 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段第三句“However，they can also cause a lot of problems，send you to the wrong place or leave you completely lost.”的开篇点题和对全文的整体理解可推知，答案B“开车用GPS导航系统有时候也很难导航”最能概括文章大意。
答案： B
阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
【2017·德州模拟Some animals will defend their territory by fighting with those who try to invade it.Fighting，however，is not often the best choice，since it uses up a large amount of energy，and can result in injury or even death.Most animals rely on various threats，either through sounds or smells.The songs of birds，the drumming of woodpeckers and the loud calls of monkeys are all warnings that carry for long distances，advertising to possible invaders that someone else’s territory is being approached.Many animals rely on smells to mark their territories or leaving droppings around the territories.Other animals will be warned off the territory without ever meeting with the territory’s defender.
Sometimes，these warnings may be ignored，and an invader may move accidentally into a neighboring territory，or two animals may meet near the border of their nearby territories.When the two animals meet，they will generally threaten each other with visual (视觉的) displays.These displays will often exaggerate an animal’s size by putting up feathers or fur，or will show off the animal’s weapons.The animals may go through all the behavior of fighting without ever actually touching each other.The displays are generally performed best near the center of an animal’s territory，where it is more likely to attack an invader and where retreating becomes more of a choice.
Actual fighting usually only happens in overcrowded conditions，when resources are not enough.Serious injury can result，and old or sick animals may die，leading to a more balanced population size.Under most natural conditions，territoriality is an effective way of maintaining a healthy population.The study of social behaviors such as territoriality in animals may also help us to understand human society.
1．What topic is the passage mainly involved in?
A．What animals’ territory is usually like.
B．How animals deal with different threats.
C．How animals defend their territory.
D．Where animal fights take place frequently.
2．For most animals，what’s their first response to the possible invaders to defend their
territory?
A．Fighting in groups.
B．Threatening and warning.
C．Escaping before being hurt.
D．Asking partners for help.
3．What does the underlined word “exaggerate” in the second paragraph mean?
A．enlarge
B．change
C．shake
D．shrink
4．An actual fight will happen when________.
A．animals meet near the border of their territories
B．the invader enters the defender’s territories
C．the defender notices the invader smaller than itself
D．the living resources are limited in the territory
5．The last paragraph tells us that territoriality has an influence on the________of the animals.
A．communication B．condition
C．population
D．migration
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就动物如何保护自己的领地进行了介绍。
1．解析： 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要就“动物如何保护自己的领地”进行了介绍。
答案： C
2．解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“Most animals rely on various threats，either through sounds or smells.”可知，答案选B。
答案： B
3．解析： 词义猜测题。根据第二段第二、三句可知，当某种动物发现有其他的动物侵入自己的领地时，会通过视觉上的展示来恐吓对方。它们会竖起羽毛或皮毛，以使自己看起来更大、更强壮。因此exaggerate应为“扩大，增大”之意。
答案： A
4．解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“Actual fighting usually only happens in overcrowded conditions，when resources are not enough.”可知，当过度拥挤导致生存资源匮乏时，就有可能发生打斗。
答案： D
5．解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第二句“Under most natural conditions，territoriality is an effective way of maintaining a healthy population.”可知，答案选C。
答案： C