2017高考英语阅读理解解析版汇编（102）
阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
【2017·山东省济南市名校高三第四次诊断性测试With the average temperature for January standing at －50 ，it is no wonder the Russian village of Oymyakon is the coldest permanently inhabited settlement in the world.Known as the “Pole of Cold”，the coldest ever temperature recorded in Oymyakon is －71.2 .This is the lowest recorded temperature for any permanently inhabited location on Earth and the lowest temperature recorded in the northern hemisphere (北半球)．
Ironically，Oymyakon actually means “nonfreezing water” due to a nearby hot spring.Most homes in Oymyakon still burn coal and wood for heat and enjoy few modern conveniences.
Nothing grows there so people eat reindeer (驯鹿) meat and horsemeat.A single shop provides the town’s bare necessities and the locals work as reindeerbreeders，hunters and icefisherman.
There are few modern conveniences in the village—with many buildings still having outdoor toilets—and most people still burn coal and wood for heat.When coal deliveries are irregular，the power station starts burning wood.If the power ceases，the town shuts down in about five hours，and the pipes freeze and crack.
Daily problems that come with living in Oymyakon include pen ink freezing，glasses freezing to people’s faces and batteries losing power.Locals are said to leave their cars running all day for fear of not being able to restart them.Even if there was coverage for mobile phone reception，the phones themselves would not work in such conditions.
Another problem caused by the frozen temperatures is burying dead bodies，which can take anything up to three days.The earth must first have thawed (融解) sufficiently in order to dig it，so a bonfire is lit for a couple of hours.Hot coals are then pushed to the side and a hole couple of inches deep is dug.The process is repeated for several days until the hole is deep enough to bury the coffin.
Travel companies offer tourists the opportunity to visit the village and sample life in the freezing conditions.
1．Oymyakon gets its name because________.
A．it is extremely cold there
B．its water is nonfreezing
C．there is a hot spring nearby
D．it is known as the “Pole of Cold”
．From the passage we can infer that people in Oymyakon________.
A．prefer meat to any other kind of food
B．seldom have fresh vegetables and fruits
C．can buy anything in the shop
D．might row a boat to catch fish
．Why do the locals have their cars running all day?
A．They are afraid they can’t get the car started.
B．They want to keep warm in the car.
C．They have abundant oil resources.
D．They have little awareness of saving.
．Mobile phones would not work in Oymyakon because________.
A．the batteries are of poor quality
B．there was no coverage for phone reception
C．batteries can’t be charged in such conditions
D．the extreme coldness makes the batteries lose power
．Which of the following is the first step when burying a dead body?
A．The coffin must be put in place.
B．A bonfire has to be lit first.
C．Hot coals have to be pushed to the side.
D．A hole couple of inches deep is dug.
语篇解读 俄罗斯的奥伊米亚康村庄一月份的平均气温达到零下50度，是全球最寒冷的永久居住点。
．解析： 考查细节理解。根据第二段的第一句话“Ironically，Oymyakon actually means ‘nonfreezing water’ due to a nearby hot spring.”可知，它是因附近的一个温泉而得名。
答案： C
．解析： 考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Nothing grows there so people eat reindeer (驯鹿) meat and horsemeat.”可推知，那里的人很少吃到新鲜的蔬菜和水果。
答案： B
．解析： 考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“Locals are said to leave their cars running all day for fear of not being able to restart them.”可知，他们这样做是因为他们害怕不能让车重新启动。
答案： A
．解析： 考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“include pen ink freezing，glasses freezing to people’s faces and batteries losing power”和“ Even if there was coverage for mobile phone reception，the phones themselves would not work in such conditions.”可知，手机在那儿不能用的原因是D项。
答案： D
．解析： 考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“The earth must first have thawed (融解) sufficiently in order to dig it，so a bonfire is lit for a couple of hours.”可知，要先点燃篝火，把土地解冻。
阅读理解2017·山东省齐鲁名校高三年级联合测试When I was growing up in the suburbs of New York，our first local Earth Day was organized around a drive to a town field where families were urged to dump items from their basements for recycling rather than tossing them in the trash.It was an eyeopening concept for a kid in 1970.
But as an environmental reporter，I have come to dread (非常害怕) the large amount of deals and promotions that arrive via email or in my office or home mailbox on Earth Day.Like Valentine’s Day，Earth Day has become a huge marketing opportunity—a paradoxical (矛盾的) way to promote consumption and sell stuff.
In fact，Earth Day is such a good sales hook that some shops，like Target，have expanded Earth Day into Earth Month.
There isn’t time to give you a full rundown of the Earth Day shopping opportunities I was alerted to this past week.They included deals on buying bottled water and earthfriendly diaper wipes.
My award for the silliest promotion：a plan to gift 25 of the most environmentally
conscious
stars
unique，useful
and fabulous “green” products and services，including skin care products，cat litter，cheesecake and artwork.My guess is most of the stuff will end up in celebrities’ garbage.
Is buying and selling a good way to celebrate and protect the environment？I would argue that Earth Day might be an occasion to consider giving up purchases or habits that are environmentally questionable or that we could happily do without.How about not buying bottled water，but refilling a water bottle？How about not buying foods—even “organic” foods—that are packed in nonrecyclable plastic?
Don’t get me wrong.Bridgestone is celebrating Earth Day by promising to repurpose a spent tire for every tire that it sells.Verizon will plant a tree for each cellphone you trade in.Some coffee stores will even refill reusable mugs at no charge.Target is giving out free reusable carrier bags without requiring a purchase.
But few retailers are taking the next step—charging a fee at the cash register for disposable plastic bags，a common practice in Europe—to motivate customers to use those new reusable carriers.
Earth Day is transient (短暂的)．If you only showed love on Valentine’s Day，would that really mean anything at all?
1．The author’s first local Earth Day was celebrated by________.
A．driving to a town field for fun
B．dumping unused items for recycling
C．looking for good ideas for reuse
D．clearing items from their basement
2．Why do some shops expand Earth Day into Earth Month?
A．Because too many activities are organized for the day.
B．Because they intend to make more sales strategies.
C．Because they want to have more selling opportunities.
D．Because they have to deal with too much waste.
3．What’s the author’s attitude towards the deals and promotions on Earth Day?
A．Objective.B．Optimistic.
C．Supportive.D．Critical.
4．According to the author，it’s environmentally friendly to________.
A．buy packed organic foods
B．offer stars green products
C．refill water bottles
D．ask for disposable plastic bags
5．It could be inferred from the text that Bridgestone and Verizon________.
A．are likely to misunderstand the author
B．have a good way to celebrate Earth Day
C．are devoted to making money on Earth Day
D．make wrong promotion plans on Earth Day
语篇解读 本文作者对一些商家在世界地球日的做法发表了自己的观点。
1．解析： 考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“our first local Earth Day was organized around a drive to a town field where families were urged to dump items from their basements for recycling”可知答案。
答案： B
2．解析： 考查细节理解。根据第三段内容可知，一些商家将世界地球日扩展为世界地球月是为了销售更多的商品。
答案： C
3．解析： 考查观点态度。根据第二段中的“I have come to dread
the large amount of deals and promotions”以及第五段中的“My award for the silliest promotion”可知，作者对商家的促销活动持批评态度。
答案： D
4．解析： 考查细节理解。根据倒数第四段中的“How about not buying bottled water，but refilling a water bottle？”可知，C项正确，其他项均与文章不符。
答案： C
5．解析： 考查推理判断。根据倒数第三段的描述可知，作者认同这两个商家庆祝世界地球日的方法。
答案：B。
阅读理解2017·日照模拟Worldfamous violinist Itzhak Perlman was stricken with polio as a child.As a result，he wears braces on both legs and walks with the aid of crutches.At_concerts，getting on stage is no small achievement_for_him. He slowly crosses the stage until he reaches his chair. He lays his crutches on the floor，slowly undoes the clasps (扣环) on his legs，puts one foot backward and extends the other one forward.Then he bends down and picks up the violin，puts it under his chin (下巴)，nods to the conductor，and starts to play.
One fall evening in 1995，while performing at Avery Fisher Hall at Lincoln Center in New York City，Perlman had to deal with one additional trouble.Jack Reimer，a famous reporter with the Houston Chronicle，described the scene.“Just as he finished the first few bars，one of the strings on his violin broke.You could hear
the sound go off like gunfire across the room.There was no mistaking what that
sound meant.”
There was no mistaking what he had to do.People who were there said，“We
figured he would have to get up...to either find another violin or find another string
for this one.”
But he didn’t.Instead he waited a moment，closed his eyes，and then signaled
the conductor to begin again.The band and he played from where he had left off.He
played with enthusiasm and power.
Of course，it is impossible to play a symphonic work with just three strings.But
that night Itzhak Perlman refused to know that.You could see him modulate (调音)，change，recompose the piece in his head.At one point，it sounded like he was tuning
the strings to get new sounds they had never made before.
1．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 mean?
A．It’s a piece of cake for Perlman to perform on the stage.
B．It’s not easy for Perlman to get on the stage.
C．Perlman has achieved great success on the stage.
D．Perlman has small achievements on the stage.
2.How did the string break?
A．It only broke by accident.
B．Perlman broke the string because he was too excited.
C．A gunfire from somewhere in the room broke it.
D．It was broken by the few bars.
3.After the string broke the audience thought that Perlman would________.
A．get angry at his performance
B．give up the performance
C．do something about the violin
D．continue performing with the threestring violin
4.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that Perlman________.
A．pretended not to know that the string was broken
B．thought nothing was impossible
C．was a very proud man
D．showed his selfconfidence in time of trouble
5.What is the best title for the passage?
A．A Worldfamous Disabled Artist
B．An Unexpected Accident
C．The Performance Went on
D．A Threestring Violin and Its Owner
语篇解读 本文是一篇人物故事，讲述了著名残疾人演奏家Perlman演出过程中发生的意外和他的应对措施。
1．解析： 句意理解题。画线句中的achievement指的是Perlman能够做到的事情。下文中描述他上台的细节，说明对于一个行动不便的残疾人来说，能够自己走上舞台，已经是很了不起的事情了，对他自己已经是一个不小的成就了。
答案： B
2.解析： 推理判断题。根据文章第二段倒数第一、二句“You could hear
the sound go off like gunfire across the room.There was no mistaking what that
sound meant.”可知，琴弦是弹奏过程中意外断掉的。
答案： A
3.解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“We figured he would have to get up...to either find another violin or find another string for this one.”可知，观众们揣测他会换另一把琴或者换根弦。
答案： C
4.解析： 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知，他仅仅用三根弦继续完成了他的演奏，可推断他对于自己拉琴的能力很有信心。
答案： D
5.解析： 标题概括题。通读全文可知，文章的核心不是断弦事件本身，而是断弦后Perlman镇定自信的表现，让人佩服和感动。故选项C最适合做标题。
答案： C阅读理解2017·枣庄高三模拟If you choose only to complain and escape from a misfortune，it will always follow you wherever you go.But if you decide to be strong，the hardship will turn out to be a fortune on which new hopes will arise.
In an accident，a boy lost both his arms and his father—who was the main source of support for the family.Since then，he has had to depend on the arms of his younger brother.For the sake of taking care of him，his younger brother became his shadow，never leaving him alone for years.Except for writing with his toes，he was completely unable to do anything in his life.
As the two brothers grew up together，they had their share of problems and they would often quarrel.Then one day，his younger brother wanted to leave，living his own life，as many normal people do.So he was heartbroken and didn’t know what to do.
A similar misfortune befell a girl，too.One night her mother，who suffered from chronic (慢性的) mental illness，disappeared.Her father went out to look for her mother，leaving her alone at home.She tried to prepare meals for her parents，only to overturn the kerosene light on the stove，resulting in a fire which took her hands away.
Though her elder sister who was studying in another city，showed her willingness to take care of her，she was determined to be completely independent.At school，she always studied hard.Most of all she learned to be selfreliant.
One day，the boy and the girl were both invited to appear on a television interview program.The boy told the TV host about his uncertain future at being left on his own，whereas the girl was full of enthusiasm for her life.They both were asked to write something on a piece of paper with their toes.The boy wrote：My younger brother’s arms are my arms；while the girl wrote：Broken wings，flying heart.
1．What attitude should we take towards a misfortune in the author’s opinion?
A．Trying to find an escape from it.
B．Facing it bravely with a positive mind.
C．Asking for help from your relatives.
D．Ignoring it and living a normal life.
2．After the accident，the boy________.
A．decided to live with his brother
B．learnt to do things with his toes
C．made a living all by himself
D．depended wholly on his brother
3．Which of the following is true of the girl?
A．She lost her mother in an accident.
B．Her sister took good care of her.
C．She was optimistic and full of courage.
D．She led a poor life with her father.
4．What did the girl mean by “Broken wings，flying heart”？
A．Never give up hopes in face of hardship.
B．It’s not easy for her to live a normal life.
C．If a bird loses its wings，it cannot fly.
D．If you lose your hands，your life will be hard.
5．How does the author develop the text?
A．In the order of time.
B．By making a comparison.
C．By listing facts.
D．In the order of importance.
语篇解读 本文为一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过对比两个有相似遭遇的人的不同结果，说明了人只要坚强，就会战胜困境，使不幸转化为幸运。
1．解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段第二句可知，只要有积极的心态，学会坚强，勇敢地面对困境，不幸就会转化为幸运。
答案： B
2．解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句和最后一句“Except for writing with his toes，he was completely unable to do anything in his life.”可知，自从他遭遇事故后，小男孩一直以来完全依靠弟弟的帮助来生活。
答案： D
3．解析： 推理判断题。根据第五段内容和最后一段第二句中的“whereas the girl was full of enthusiasm for her life.”可知，小女孩面对不幸没有选择放弃，而是去学会自立，努力学习，并对生活充满热情。由此可知，小女孩很乐观，很勇敢。
答案： C
4．解析： 句意理解题。结合小女孩的不幸遭遇和她的现状可推知，本句话的字面意思为：尽管失去双翼，但思想仍要飞翔。即虽然面对困境，但是对生活不能失去希望和信心。
答案： A
5．解析： 篇章结构题。通读全文可知，文章通过对有相似遭遇的两个人的不同结果进行比较，说明了本文的主题。
答案：B