2017高考英语阅读理解解析版汇编（114）
阅读理解
Imagine looking for your lost dog. You step into a cave. But instead of the dog, you find beautiful cave paintings. You see paintings of horses, deer, and bison drawn in black, brown, red and yellow. Your first question would probably be“Who did this? ”
This is what happened to four French boys in 1940. They found the Lascaux caves. The paintings the boys discovered in those caves are about 17, 000 years old. They were drawn by the ancient people called Cro-Magnon(克鲁马努人).
Cro-Magnons looked much like people of today. They used tools, such as fishing nets. But their art was extremely good. The main cave at Lascaux is called Great Hall of Bulls, which has a picture of bulls and horses in many colours. The largest animal is 18 feet long. There are smaller animals, such as bison, stags and a bear. There is also a strange spotted two-horned(两只角的)animal.
To the left of the main cave are the most famous paintings that are the drawings of animals in many different colours. One painting is called Little Horses. On the ceiling are horses and cows. The most unusual sight may be in the Shaft of the Dead Man where there is a rhinoceros, a carefully drawn dead man, an injured bison and a bird.
Why did Cro-Magnon artists do these beautiful drawings on cave walls? Did the drawings call upon some magic power? Did the Cro-Magnon people hope that the drawings would bring good luck? There is one thing the paintings seem to tell us. The Cro-Magnons were interested in the world. They looked at beauty and they understood it.
【文章大意】本文介绍了法国Lascaux岩洞壁画的相关情况。
1. The author uses the word“you”in Paragraph 1 to .
A. attract readers’ attention
B. make it clear that this is a true story
C. give readers good directions to find the caves
D. compare modern people with Cro-Magnon people
【解析】选A。推理判断题。第一段虚构了一个以读者为主人公的场景, 目的就是为了引起读者的阅读兴趣。
2. Most of the drawings in the caves are about .
A. boys
B. toolsC. humansD. animals
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三、四段对壁画的描述可知, 洞内的绝大多数壁画是关于动物的。
3. What does the passage mainly tell us?
A. Cave paintings are beautiful.
B. Who found the beautiful cave paintings.
C. The Lascaux caves hold colourful ancient paintings.
D. Drawings of horses are on the walls of the Lascaux caves.
【解析】选C。主旨大意题。文章开头指出了发现壁画的过程, 接下来的内容描述了这些壁画。只有C项能够全面概括全文内容。A项范围太广, 且有些偏题; B、D两项只是文中的细节, 不能概括全文。
4. The passage is most probably taken from .
A. a research paper B. a cultural magazine
C. a science newspaper
D. a travel guide
【解析】选B。推理判断题。本文主要介绍了法国Lascaux岩洞内的壁画。这些古老的壁画本身就是宝贵的文化遗产, 因此本文最有可能来自文化方面的杂志。
(2017·九江模拟)
It’s common for parents to feel emotional when the moment comes for their child to leave home and go to university. Even parents who don’t speak about the event are likely to feel a sense of sadness because it’s the end of an era when you and your family were at the centre of your child’s world. As a parent you’ll probably continue to support your child in different ways, but the main job of raising your child is over. It’s a huge change for everyone involved.
There are a few things that you can do to make the transition easier. Plan carefully for your child’s departure and think about how you can help. Many parents take their child to university for the first time. If you decide to do that, be ready to feel a real wrench when the time comes to say goodbye. Your child will probably be as nervous as you are about the moment when you finally say goodbye—but that might not show!
Be positive and cheerful about the choice your child has made to continue studying, and plan to leave once you’ve unpacked the car and looked around your child’s new living accommodations. If you can, save your tears for the car—you’ll make things easier on your child and yourself.
The more you’ve invested in being a parent, the more you’ll feel a sense of loss, so the sadness you feel now is a sign that you’ve been a good mom or dad. Remind yourself that parenting is all about raising an independent and confident child who functions well without you. If your child quickly settles and starts enjoying himself, you should congratulate yourself.
It’s also only fair to allow yourself some time to grieve(悲痛). Don’t expect to pick yourself up and move on straight away. But you may decide to find a hobby or sport to fill your extra time. Perhaps you’ve always wanted to learn a new language, go to yoga classes or take up swimming. You may decide to spend more time with family and close friends, who are likely to be feeling the absence of your child as well.
Agree on the best approach to staying in touch before your child leaves, and stick to your agreement. Try not to panic if your child doesn’t respond immediately—remember, he is starting a new and busy life.
【文章大意】本文主要讲述孩子上大学后, 父母如何避免过度伤心。
1. Why do parents feel sad when their child leaves home for college?
A. Because the absence of their child makes them feel lonely.
B. Because their child will start a new life in college.
C. Because it means the end of love between parents and their child.
D. Because they are no longer the main focus of their child’s life.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文章第一段Even parents who don’t speak about the event are likely to feel a sense of sadness because it’s the end of an era when you and your family were at the centre of your child’s world. 可知。
2. The underlined word“wrench”in Paragraph 2 means a feeling of.
A. sorrowB. regretC. anger D. love
【解析】选A。词义猜测题。由后半句when the time comes to say goodbye可知,分别时会难过。
. What does good parenting consist of?
A. Supporting your child in different ways all the time.
B. Congratulating yourself when your child goes to college.
C. Preparing your child to stand on their own feet in the future.
D. Investing as much as possible in the growth of your child.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据文章第四段Remind yourself that parenting is all about raising an independent and confident child who functions well without you. 可知。
4. What’s NOT advised as the way to recover from your child’s departure?
A. Developing a new hobby or sport.
B. Learning a new language.
C. Spending more time with close friends.
D. Staying in touch with your child.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文章第五段But you may decide to find a hobby or sport to fill your extra time. Perhaps you’ve always wanted to learn a new language, go to yoga classes or take up swimming. You may decide to spend more time with family and close friends, who are likely to be feeling the absence of your child as well. 可知A、B、C三项都提到了。
阅读理解
Batteries are included, but the charger’s not. The Nokia E-Cu concept phone doesn’t need to plug in; it charges from any heat source. Designer Patrick Hyland says it can even work off the warmth of your pocket. The first time“it would take approximately seven hours to reach full charge, then after that it’s continuously charging by keeping the phone in areas between 86 degrees and 104 degrees Fahrenheit. ”That’s one hot pocket.
He’s put a thermo generator(热偶发电器)inside the phone that transforms heat into electric potential energy. To better conduct the heat to that little power plant in your pocket, the E-Cu(E for energy, Cu for copper)is coated by copper backing with heat sinks like those normally used to keep electronics from overheating.
Nokia doesn’t have current plans to build the phone, so for now it remains a concept. But Hyland says he’s open to anyone who wants to cooperate.
For Americans this technology would certainly be convenient. It would also save a bit on energy bills and waste. “Annually, unwanted phone chargers produce 51, 000 tons of waste in addition to the greenhouse gases created by the production of the electricity needed to charge them, ”Hyland says. So a charger-free phone is also a green phone. Though adapting our plug-in habits would help a group of people, most cell phone related energy use comes from leaving your charger plugged in all day unnecessarily.
The real potential for charger-free cell phone technology is what it could enable places where plugging in isn’t an option, like rural areas in the developing world.
Cell phones are spreading faster than power lines and bringing with them countless opportunities, aid and health advances. A phone like the E-Cu, if it ever comes to be, would enable all manner of expanded aid and development by phone projects. Let’s hope Patrick finds a partner.
【文章大意】本文介绍的是一种不用插入电源、在口袋里即可获得电能的手机。
1. What do we know about the E-Cu phone?
A. It doesn’t have a battery or a charger.
B. It is properly marketed and sells well.
C. It’s continuously charging from any area.
D. It has a highly conductive copper cover.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段“. . . the E-Cu(E for energy, Cu for copper)is coated by copper backing with heat sinks like those normally used to keep electronics from overheating. ”可知, 这种手机有一个铜制的后盖, 可以防止电器过热, 所以有一个导热性很强的盖子。
2. What’s the function of the underlined part“heat sinks”in Paragraph 2?
A. To give off heat.
B. To measure heat.
C. To turn up heat.
D. To supply heat.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。画线部分后面“. . . like those normally used to keep electronics from overheating. ”作出了解释, 说明是用来散热的。
3. From the last two paragraphs we can know that .
A. Patrick is not ready to cooperate with others
B. power lines spread every corner of the world
C. phone projects may help solve the energy crisis
D. phones like the E-Cu have huge potential benefits
【解析】选D。推理判断题。从后两段看出, 即使在没有电源的地方也可以使用这种手机, 结合“countless opportunities, aid and health advances”判断, 这种手机潜力无限、前景广阔。
4. What is the best title of the text?
A. Designer Patrick Hyland
B. Nokia Concept Phone on Sale
C. Charging Your Phone from Pockets
D. Benefiting from Phone Technology
【解析】选C。主旨大意题。全文介绍了这种没有电源也可以使用的手机。所以选C。(2017·天津模拟)
I heard many parents complaining that their teenage children are rebelling(叛逆). I wish it were so. At your age you ought to be growing away from your parents. You should be learning to stand on your own feet. But take a good look at the present rebellion. It seems that teenagers are taking the same way of showing that they disagree with their parents. Instead of striking out boldly on their own, most of them are clutching(紧握)at one another’s hands for reassurance(安慰).
They claim they want to dress as they please. But they all wear the same clothes.
Then set off in new directions in music. But somehow they all end up with listening to the same record together. Their reason for thinking or acting in thus-and-such a way is that many people are doing it. They have come out of their cocoon(茧)into a larger cocoon.
It has become harder and harder for a teenager to stand up against the popularity wave and go his or her own way. Industry has firmly carved out a teenage market. These days every teenager can learn from the advertisements what a teenager should have and be.
And many of today’s parents have come to award high marks for the popularity of their children. All this adds to a great barrier(障碍)for the teenager who wants to find his or her own path.
But the barrier is worth climbing over. The path is worth following. You may want to listen to classical music instead of going to a party. You may want to collect rocks when everyone else is collecting records. You may have some thoughts that you don’t care to share with your classmates at once, well, go to it. Find yourself. Popularity will come with the people who respect you for who you are. That is the only kind of popularity that really counts.
【文章大意】本文鼓励青少年要有自己独立的思维, 不要依赖父母或随波逐流。
1. In this passage, the author wants to tell.
A. teenagers how to learn to decide things for themselves
B. readers how to be popular with people around
C. parents how to control and guide their children
D. people how to understand and respect each other
【解析】选A。主旨大意题。根据第一段中“At your age you ought to be growing away from your parents. You should be learning to stand on your own feet. ”可知A项正确。
. According to the author, many teenagers think they are brave enough to act on their own, but in fact, most of them .
A. have much difficulty understanding each other
B. lack confidence
C. dare not cope with problems single-handed
D. are much afraid of getting lost
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句及第二段内容可知, 他们想我行我素, 但结果却随波逐流。
. What does the author think of advertisements?
A. Convincing.
B. Influential.
C. Instructive.
D. Authoritative(权威的).
【解析】选B。推理判断题。第三段提到青少年很难不受流行趋势的影响。今天, 青少年们可以从广告中知道青少年应该有什么, 应该成为什么样的人, 这说明广告对青少年是有影响力的。
. During the teenage years, one should learn to.
A. differ from others in as many ways as possible
B. get into the right reason and become popular
C. find one’s real self
D. rebel against parents and the popularity wave
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“You may have some thoughts that you don’t care to share with your classmates at once, well, go to it. Find yourself. ”可知C项正确。阅读理解(原创)People around the world are remembering Nelson Mandela, South Africa’s first black president. He died Thursday at the age of 95.
South African President Jacob Zuma said, “The nation has lost its greatest son, and our people have lost a father. ”
Mandela had been in poor health for several years. He was repeatedly treated in hospital, most recently for a lung infection. He became infected with tuberculosis(肺结核)many years ago while in prison.
Nelson Mandela was the main leader in efforts to end white minority rule in South Africa. He spent 27 years in prison for his part in fighting apartheid(种族隔离)—the nation’s policy of discrimination(歧视)against blacks.
Many world leaders, past and present, are remembering Nelson Mandela.
Frederick W. de Klerk was South Africa’s last apartheid leader. He freed Mandela from prison in 1990. Later, the two men won the Nobel Peace Prize. Mr. de Klerk said people will remember Mandela for the importance he placed on reconciliation(和解)—being able to reach a settlement between conflicting sides. He said their relationship was, in his words, “often stormy”, but he said they were“always able to come together at critical(关键的)moments. ”
In the United States, President Barack Obama called Mandela an influential, brave and profoundly good human being. Mr. Obama said Mandela will be remembered for leaving a free South Africa at peace. “I am one of the countless millions who drew inspiration from Nelson Mandela’s life. My very first political action—the first thing I ever did that involved an issue, or a policy, or politics—was a protest against apartheid. I would study his words and his writings. ”
In London, British Prime Minister David Cameron called Mandela a true global hero. In his words, a great light has gone out in the world.
【文章大意】本文主要介绍了南非前总统曼德拉的去世及世界各国主要领导人对曼德拉的缅怀。
1. Which is TRUE about Mandela?
A. He seldom received treatment in hospital.
B. He died in prison.
C. A lung infection caused Mandela’s death.
D. He died when he was still president.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段He was repeatedly treated in hospital, most recently for a lung infection. 一句可知曼德拉因肺部感染去世。故选C。
2. What does the underlined word“stormy”in Para. 6 mean?
A. rainy
B. fierce
C. peaceful
D. challenging
【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据后句Mr. de Klerk说在关键时刻双方能够联合可知双方的关系有时很激烈。
3. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Frederick W. de Klerk is still an enemy of Mandela.
B. President Barack Obama learned a lot from Nelson Mandela’s life.
C. Nelson Mandela fought for the independence of South Africa.
D. Jacob Zuma called Mandela a true global hero.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“I am one of the countless millions who drew inspiration from Nelson Mandela’s life. . . ”部分可知美国总统奥巴马从曼德拉身上学到了许多。
4. The passage is most likely a part of .
A. an advertisement B. a travel booklet
C. a biography
D. a newspaper
【解析】选D。文章出处题。本文介绍了曼德拉去世后世界各国举行哀悼的情况, 最可能出自报纸的资讯, 故选D。A项意思是“广告”; B项意思是“旅游手册”; C项意思是“人物传记”。