吉林舒兰市2017高考英语阅读理解一轮训练5
人物传记类阅读理解。
Phil White has just returned from an 18,000mile, aroundtheworld bicycle trip. White had two reasons for making this epic journey. First of all, he wanted to use the trip to raise money for charity, which he did. He raised
￡70,000 for the British charity, Oxfam. White's second reason for making the trip was to break the world record and become the fastest person to cycle around the world. He is still waiting to find out if he has broken the record or not.
White set off from Trafalgar Square, in London, on 19th June 2004 and was back 299 days later. He spent more than 1,300 hours in the saddle (车座) and destroyed four sets of tyres and three bike chains. He had the adventure of his life crossing Europe, the Middle East, India, Asia, Australia, New Zealand and the Americas. Amazingly, he did all of this with absolutely no support team. No jeep carrying food, water and medicine. No doctor. Nothing! Just a bike and a very, very long road.
The journey was lonely and desperate at times. He also had to fight his way across deserts, through jungles and over mountains. He cycled through heavy rains and temperatures of up to 45 degrees, all to help people in need. There were other dangers along the road. In Iran, he was chased by armed robbers and was lucky to escape with his life and the little money he had. The worst thing that happened to him was having to cycle into a headwind on a road that crosses the south of Australia. For 1,000 kilometres he battled against the wind that was constantly pushing him. This part of the trip was slow, hard work and depressing, but he made it in the end. Now Mr. White is back and intends to write a book about his adventures.
1. When Phil White returned from his trip, he ________.
A. broke the world record
B. collected money for Oxfam
C. destroyed several bikes
D. travelled about 1,300 hours
2. What does the word “epic” in Paragraph 1 most probably mean?
A. Very slow but exciting.
B. Very long and difficult.
C. Very smooth but tiring.
D. Very lonely and depressing.
3. During his journey around the world, Phil White ________.
A. fought heroically against robbers in Iran
B. experienced the extremes of heat and cold
C. managed to ride against the wind in Australia
D. had a team of people who travelled with him
4. Which of the following words can best describe Phil White?
A. Imaginative.
B. Patriotic.
C. Modest.
D. Determined.
【要点综述】本文讲述了Phil White进行环球自行车旅行的原因及艰难历程。
1. B 细节推断题。根据第一段中…he wanted to use the trip to raise money for charity, which he did. He raised ￡70,000 for the British charity, Oxfam.可推断为Oxfam筹资。
2. B 词义猜测题。根据第二段第二句和第三句可判断旅程很长也很艰难。
3. C 细节理解题。根据第三段中For 1,000 kilometres he battled against the wind that was constantly pushing him.可判断Phil White设法迎着风骑车。
4. D 推理判断题。根据全文及末段中This part of the trip was slow, hard work and depressing, but he made it in the end.可判断，虽然路途艰难，但是他坚持到了最后，说明他是有决心的。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
2017高考训练
The World Health Organization and several other United Nations agencies are calling for a major new effort to fight malaria, tuberculosis and AIDS. These three infectious diseases killed almost 6 million people last year. That is about 10 percent of the total number of deaths around the world last year.
The WHO and UN agencies released a new report at the World Economic Forum in New York City earlier this month. The document says that deaths around the world from malaria and tuberculosis could be cut in half by the year 2010. It also says the number of deaths from AIDS could be reduced 25 percent within that same time period.
The report is called “Calling Up the Response to Infectious Diseases.” It calls for huge new investments in methods to prevent and treat infectious diseases. Officials say money is needed for research and to purchase drugs. Money is also needed to devices to prevent diseases, such as bed nets. Bed nets prevent mosquitoes that carry malaria from biting people while they sleep.
David Heymann, director of the infectious disease program at the World Health Organization, says that providing effective drug treatments is important for improving peoples’ health and economic well – being. Reducing disease can also help improve economic growth in developing countries.
The WHO report also describes successful health programs in developing countries. In Peru, for example, the number of tuberculosis cases was cut in half by increasing the treatment to control the disease. In Vietnam, malaria was reduced 97 percent through the use of bed nets. And in Uganda, cases of the virus that causes AIDS were cut in half among pregnant women and children through the use of anti – AIDS drugs.
This new international health campaign is estimated to cost about 12,000 million dollars a year. So far, officials say the campaign has about 2,000 million dollars. The WHO says the campaign will need stronger relationships among government, private aid agencies, and drug companies to succeed.
36．According to the report
is the disease most difficult to fight.
A．malaria B．tuberculosis C．AIDS D．influenza
37．To prevent these diseases, a large amount of money is needed to
.
A．to buy food and pay for the caretakers
B．do research work buy drugs and devices
C．take care of the families of the deaths
D．set up more hospitals and health institutions
38．We can infer from the text that reducing infectious diseases is
.
A．to help the countries develop better
B．to promote cooperation between countries
C．to help people get more scientific knowledge
D．to help people get a cleaner environment
39．Most serious infectious diseases spread mainly in
.
A．Africa
B．South America
C．Asia
D．developing countries
40．To fight the diseases,
is necessary.
A．better environment B．cooperation between different people
C．to wipe out the pests D．more drugs and money
【参考答案】36—40 CBADB
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D) 中一选出最佳选项。
San Francisco，unofficially regarded as one of the homeless capitals of the US，cunts nearly 6,500 homeless people, with 4,300 living on the street．
Among the many problems that the homeless face is little or no access to showers．San Francisco only has about 16 20 shower stations to accommodate them．But Doniece Sandoval has made it her task to change that．
“Homelessness is something you can’t really miss，”the 5-year-old woman said．She started Lava Mae，a sort of showers on wheels, a new pject that aims to turn old city buses into shower stations for the homeless．
“One day I passed a woman in the street and she was very dirty and basically crying，and heard her say that she would never be clean．But I as wondering what her opportunities were to actually get clean,” Sandoval said．
Sandoval was inspired to start Lava Mae. The project has already been welcomed with open arms in the city．The Transportation Agency has donated one bus for the cause and is willing to donate three more if the project succeeds．Sandoval hopes the first bus will be able to hit the road in May this year．The Public Commission has also agreed to let the buses plug into fire hydrants(消防龙头)around the city if Lava Ma pays for the water．
One of Lava Ma’s biggest supporters is Bevan Dufty, the director of Housing Opportunity, Partnerships & Engagement under the mayor of San Francisco．“For people who are unhoused，access to showers is very difficult．Shower buses are something that could potentially be deployed (部署in response to an emergency， it is relevant to all San Franciscans," Dufty said．“Doniece has done an incredible job as a citizen who cares about helping the poor．Wvery excited to see Lava Mae become real soon．”
Each bus will have two shower stations and Sandoval expects that by 2015，they’ be able to provide 2000 showers a week．
41．What problem does San Francisco face accordinto the text?
A．The city has the most homeless people in the USA．
B．There are no shower statr the homeless in the city．
C．It’ hard for homeless people in the city to take showers．
D．Few citizens in the city care about the homeless．
42．What does the underlined ord ''them” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A．City problems．
B．Shower stations．
C．Old buses．
D．The homeless．
43．Which of the folowing best describes Doniece Sandoval?
A．Brave and independent．
B．Caring and responsible．
C．Honest and determined．D．Friendly and humorous．
44．What can we learn from D’s words?
A．ASan Franciscans are excited to use Lava Mae．
B．Emergencies in San Francisco will be prevented by Lava Ma．
C．Dufy thinks highly of Doniece's way of helping the poor．
D．The mayor of San Francisco will support Doniece financially．
45．What be a suitable title for the text?
A．A newly invented way of shower
B．Showers on Wheels for the Homeless
C．The health problem of the homeless
D．Lavenew name for old city buses
【参考答案】41―45 CDBCB
阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
According to the US government, wind farms off the Pacific coast could produce 900 gigawatts of electricity every year.Unfortunately，the water there is far too deep for even the tallest windmills(see picture)to touch bottom. An experiment under way off the coast of Norway，however，could help put them anywhere.
The project, called Hywind，is the world's first largescale deepwater wind turbine(涡轮发电机)．Although it uses a fairly standard 152ton,2.3megawatt
turbine，Hywind represents totally new technology. The turbine will be fixed 213 feet above the water on a floating spar(see picture)，a technology Hywind's creator，the Norwegian company StatoilHydro，has developed recently. The steel spar, which is filled with stones and goes 328 feet below the sea surface, will be tied to the ocean floor by three cables(缆索)；these will keep the spar stable and prevent the turbine from moving up and down in the waves.Hywind's stability(稳定性)in the cold and rough sea would prove that even the deepest corners of the ocean are suitable for wind power. If all goes according to plan, the turbine will start producing electricity six miles off the coast of southwestern Norway as early as September.
To produce electricity on a large scale, a commercial wind farm will have to use bigger turbines than Hywind does, but it's difficult enough to balance such a large turbine so high on a floating spar in the middle of the ocean. To make that turbine heavier, the whole spar's centre of gravity must be moved much closer to the ocean's surface. To do that, the company plans to design a new kind of wind turbine, one whose gearbox(变速箱) sits at sea level rather than behind the blades(see picture)．
Hywind is a test run, but the benefits for perfecting floating windfarm technology could be extremely large. Out at sea, the wind is often stronger and steadier than close to shore, where all existing off shore windmills are planted. Deepsea farms are invisible from land, which helps overcome the windmillaseyesore objection. If the technology catches on, it will open up vast areas of the planet's surface to one of the best lowcarbon power sources available.
本文为科普短文，讲述世界上第一个深海风力发电机——涡轮发电机以及它的发电原理及好处。
9．The Hywind project uses totally new technology to ensure the stability of________.
A. the cables which tie the spar to the ocean floor
B. the spar which is floating in deepsea water
C. the blades driven by strong and steady sea wind
D. the stones filled in the spar below the sea surface
答案：B。细节理解题。由文章第二段特别是“these will keep the spar stable and prevent the turbine from moving up and down in the waves”可知B项正确。
10．To balance a bigger turbine high on a floating spar, a new type of turbine is to be designed with its gearbox sitting________.
A. on the sea floor
B. on the spar top
C. at sea level
D. behind the blades
答案：C。细节理解题。由文章第三段最后一句“...one whose gearbox sits at sea level rather than behind the blades.”可知C项正确。
11．Wide applications of deepwater wind power technology can________.
A. solve the technical problems of deepwater windmills
B. make financial profits by producing more turbines
C. settle the arguments about environmental problems
D. explore lowcarbon power resources available at sea
答案：D。细节理解题。由文章最后一句“...it will open up vast areas of the planet's surface to one of the best lowcarbon power sources available.”可知D项正确。
(2011·天津卷，C)
An idea that started in Seattle's public library has spread throughout America and beyond.The concept is simple：help to build a sense of community in a city by getting everyone to read the same book at the same time.
In addition to encouraging reading as a pursuit (追求) to be enjoyed by all，the program allows strangers to communicate by discussing the book on the bus，as well as promoting reading as an experience to be shared in families and schools.The idea came from Seattle librarian Nancy Pearl who launched(发起)the“If All of Seattle Read the Same Book”project in 1998.Her original program used author visits, study guides and book discussion groups to bring people together with a book, but the idea has since expanded to many other American cities，and even to Hong Kong.
In Chicago，the mayor (市长) appeared on television to announce the choice of To Kill a Mockingbird
as the first book in the “One Book，One Chicago”program.As a result，reading clubs and neighborhood groups sprang up around the city.Across the US, stories emerged of parents and children reading to each other at night and strangers chatting away on the bus about plot and character.
The only problem arose in New York，where local readers could not decide on one book to represent the huge and diverse population.This may show that the idea works best in mediumsized cities or large towns, where a greater sense of unity (一致) can be achieved.Or it may show that New Yorkers rather missed the point，putting all their energy and passion into the choice of the book rather than into discussion about a book itself.
Ultimately，as Nancy points out, the level of success is not measured by how many people read a book，but by how many people are enriched by the process，or have enjoyed speaking to someone with whom they would not otherwise have shared_a_word.
西雅图的一名图书管理员建议大家在同一时间阅读同一本书，并允许陌生人在公共场所对这本书进行讨论，这样做既可以促进陌生人之间的交流，又能培养公众的社区意识。然而，在像纽约等一些大城市，由于人口背景复杂，很难选出一本具有代表性的书，或许这一想法在一些中等城市更容易实施。
12．What is the purpose of the project launched by Nancy?
A．To invite authors to guide readers.
B．To encourage people to read and share.
C．To involve people in community service.
D．To promote the friendship between cities.
答案：B。细节理解题。由第二段“Her original program used author visits，study guides and book discussion groups to bring people together with a book”．可以推知正确答案。
13．Why was it difficult for New Yorkers to carry out the project?
A．They had little interest in reading.
B．They were too busy to read a book.
C．They came from many different backgrounds.
D．They lacked support from the local government.
答案：C。细节理解题。由第四段第一句话可知，纽约城市大，人口众多且文化背景多样化，因此人们很难选出一本有代表性的书。
14．According to the passage，where would the project be more easily carried out?
A．In large communities with little sense of unity.
B．In large cities where libraries are far from home.
C．In mediumsized cities with a diverse population.
D．In large towns where agreement can be quickly reached.
答案：D。细节理解题。由第四段第二句话可知，这一想法在中等城市或大的城镇较容易实施，因为在那儿人们很容易达成一致。C项为人口多样化的中等城市，与句意不符。
15．The underlined words“shared a word”in Paragraph 5 probably mean______.
A．exchanged ideas with each other B．discussed the meaning of a word
C．gained life experienceD．used the same language
答案：A。词义猜测题。由第二段内容可知，该活动的目的就是让陌生人通过讨论这本书而达到交流的目的，故A项正确。
16．According to Nancy，the degree of success of the project is judged by______.
A．the careful selection of a proper book
B．the growing popularity of the writers
C．the number of people who benefit from reading
D．the number of books that each person reads
答案：C。细节理解题。根据最后一段“...the level of success is not measured by how many peope read the book，but by how many people are enriched by the process...”可知C项正确。