五年高考（2009-2017）英语分类汇编-
一、冠词、名词
22．He gave himself a new name to hide his ________ when he went to carry out the secret task.
A．emotion
B．talent
C．identity
D．treasure
解析：选C 考查名词。句意：当他去执行这项秘密任务的时候，他给自己起了一个新的名字来隐藏自己的身份。根据题干中的“a new name”和“the secret task”可知，在执行秘密任务的时候他的“身份(identity)”是保密的。emotion“情感”；talent“天才”；treasure“财富”。21．When he was running after his brother, the boy lost his ________ and had a bad fall.
A．balance B．chance
C．memory
D．place
解析：选A 考查名词。句意：当这个男孩追赶弟弟的时候，他失去了平衡，狠狠地摔了一跤。根据句中的“had a bad fall”可知，这个男孩之所以摔倒是因为失去了平衡，lose one's balance“失去平衡”。chance“机会”；memory“记忆”；place“地方”。35．(2015·江苏高考)—Go and say sorry to your Mom, Dave.
—I'd like to, but I'm afraid she won't be happy with my________.
A．requests
B．excuses
C．apologies
D．regrets
解析：选C 考查名词。句意：“去向你妈妈道歉，戴夫。”“我想去，但我担心她对我的道歉不满意。”request“要求，请求”；excuse“理由，借口”；apology“道歉，致歉”；regret“懊悔，遗憾”。根据前面的say sorry“道歉”判断选C项。32．(2015·江苏高考)Some schools will have to make ________ in agreement with the national soccer reform.
A．judgments
B．adjustments
C．comments
D．achievements
解析：选B 考查名词。句意：一些学校将不得不做出调整，以便和国家足球改革保持一致。judgment“评价，看法”；adjustment“调整，适应”；comment“评论，议论”；achievement“成就，成绩”。既然要和国家足球改革保持一致(in agreement with the national soccer reform)，那么就应该做出调整(make adjustments)，故选B项。14．________ more learned a man is, ________ more modest he usually becomes.
A．The; the
B．A; a
C．The; a
D．A; the
解析：选A 考查冠词。句意：一个人越博学，他通常就越谦虚。分析句子结构可知，此处是“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”句式，表示“越……，就越……”。前半句表示条件，后半句表示结果，故选A项。24．The failure was a big________ to him, but he wasn't discouraged and soon got as enthusiastic as ever.
A．blow
B．issue
C．excuse
D．factor
解析：选A 考查名词。句意：这次失败对他来说是个大的打击，但是他并未感到沮丧并且很快变得和以前一样充满热情。blow“打击”；issue“问题，(报刊的)期，号”；excuse“借口，托辞”；factor“因素”。根据题干中的but he wasn't discouraged(但是他并未感到沮丧)可推知，这次失败对他来说是个大的“打击(blow)”。故答案为A项。2．(2015·浙江高考)Jane's grandmother had wanted to write________children's book for many years, but one thing or another always got in________way.
A．a; 不填
B．the; the
C．不填； the
D．a; the
解析：选D 考查冠词。句意：简的祖母多年来一直想写一本儿童读物，但是一件接一件的事情总是妨碍她写书。children's book的中心词是单数可数名词且第一次出现，并且此处表泛指，故其前需加不定冠词；in the way为固定搭配，意为“挡道，碍事”，故D项正确。30．(2015·安徽高考)There is no need to tell me your answer now.Give it some________and then let me know.
A．thought
B．support
C．protection
D．authority
解析：选A 考查名词。句意：现在没有必要告诉我你的答案。思考(thought)一下，然后告诉我。support“支持”；protection“保护”；authority“权威”。5．Brian is gifted in writing music; he is very likely to be________Beethoven.
A．a
B．an
C．the
D．不填
解析：选A 考查冠词。句意：布赖恩在音乐创作方面有天赋；他非常有可能成为像贝多芬那样的人。a用在人名前面，表示“一个像他/她那样的人”，所以此处要用不定冠词；又因Beethoven是读音以辅音音素开头的单词，故用a。3．I just heard________bank where Dora works was robbed by________gunman wearing a mask.
A．the; /
B．a; /
C．the; a
D．a; the
解析：选C 考查冠词。句意：我刚刚听说多拉工作的那家银行被一名持枪蒙面人抢劫了。第一个空有定语从句修饰限定，很显然是特指多拉工作的那家银行，可排除B、D两项；第二个空后的gunman是可数名词单数，可数名词单数前一般需要加适当的冠词或其他限定词，可排除A项，故选C。．（2017·江西高考）They chose Tom to be ________ captain of the team because they knew he was ________ smart leader.
A．a; the
B．the; the
C．the; a
D．a; a
【答案】选C
【解析】句意：他们选汤姆为本队的队长，因为他们知道他是一个聪明的领导者。第一空为特指，表示“本队的队长”；第二空则表示“一位”聪明的领导者，表示泛指。故选C。
（2017·天津高考）Life is like ________ ocean: Only ________ strong－willed can reach the other shore.
A．an; the
B．the; a
C．the ; /
D．/ ; a
【答案】选A
【解析】第一空后的名词ocean在本句中表示泛指，故用an；第二空后的strong－willed是形容词，“定冠词＋形容词”表示“一类人或事物”，因此用the。
(2017·陕西高考）________ village where I was born has grown into ________ town.
A．The; a
B．A; the
C．The; the
D．A; a
【答案】选A
【解析】考查冠词。句意：我出生的那个村子已经变成了一个城镇。根据句子的结构来判断，where I was born是定语从句，修饰先行词village，表示特指，故其前要用定冠词the；第二空意思是“一个城镇”，表示泛指，故答案为A。
(2017·浙江高考)The paper is due next month, and I am working seven days ________ week, often long into ________ night.
A．a; the
B．the; 不填
C．a; a
D．不填； the
【答案】选A
【解析】考查冠词。第一空表泛指，用不定冠词a，表示“每一”，a week表示“每周”；第二空into the night是固定搭配，意为“直到夜里”。综合起来应选A项。
(2017·重庆高考)I can't tell you ________ way to the Wilsons' because we don't have ________ Wilson here in the village.
A．the; a
B．a; /
C．a; the
D．the; /
【答案】选A
【解析】根据空后的to the Wilsons'可知第一空应该用定冠词the表特指；第二空前加不定冠词a，人名前加不定冠词表示“一个叫……的人”。
“Chinese Dream” is ______ dream to improve people’s well-being and ______ dream of harmony, peace and development.
A. the; a
B. a; a
C. a; the
D. the; the
【答案】B
【】句意中国梦是一个提高人们的幸福感的梦想，是一个和谐、和平和发展的梦想。第一个dream为泛指，用不定冠词；第二个dream与第一个dream是并列关系，也是泛指，也用不定冠词。Animals are obviously ______ lower form of life than _______ man.
A. a ; /
B. the ; the
C. a ; the
D. / ; /
【答案】A
【】句意很显然，与人类比起来，动物是较低级的生命形式。不定冠词与可数名词单数用在一起可表示类别；man当“人，人类”讲时，单独使用。因此正确答案为A A. 不填；a
B. a; the
C. the; a
D. the; 不填
【答案】B
【】句意那是一个寒冷的冬天的夜晚，月光穿过夜空明亮的照耀着。本题中一个寒冷的冬夜，应该是泛指某一个冬夜的情景，第二个空则是特指那个寒冷冬夜的夜空。从语境可知第1空意为“一个寒冷的夜晚”，表泛指，要用a；第2空的名词across the night sky 意思为“划过夜空”。D
【】句意D。
10.（2017·新课标卷II）Four and ______half hours of discussion took us up to midnight, and______ break for cheese, chocolate and tea with sugar.
A. a; a
B. the; the
C.不填；the
D. a;不填
A
【】句意1）four hours and a half
(2) four and a half hours 。两种方法都要用到不定冠词a，排除选项B，C；break作名词，当“休息”讲的时候，通常都要用到不定冠词a，排除选项C。
11.（2017·新课标卷I） India attained ______independence in 1947, after ______long struggle.
A.不填;a
B. the; a
C. an;不填
D. an; the
【答案】A
【】句意If a country has or gains independence, it has its own government and is not ruled by any other country.由此锁定正确答案是A，因为independence是不可数名词，而不可和不定冠词an连用，这样答案锁定了A和B。gain independence（获得独立）或declare independence(宣布独立)是固定短语，不和冠词连用，故第一个空不填任何冠词，正确答案是A。
12（2017·浙江高考）People develop ______ preference for a particular style of learning at ______ early age and these preferences affect learning.
A. a; an
B. a; 不填
C. 不填; the
D. the; an
【答案】A
【】句意”。
13.（2017·重庆高考）The parents were shocked by______news that their son needed _____
operation on his knee.
A. a;/
B. the; /
C. the; an
D. a; an
【答案】 B
【】句意news是特指后面同位语从句中提到的内容，故应该用定冠词the；儿子需要在膝盖上做一个手术，非特指，用不定冠词a。
14.（2017·全国卷Ⅱ He missed ________ gold in the high jump, but will get ________ second chance in the long jump.
A．the；the
B．不填；aC．the；aD．a；不填
C 【】根据第一个空后面的in the high jump，知特指跳高项目的金牌；第二个空后面虽然是序数词，但是其前用不定冠词a表示“另一，又一，再一”。
2017·四川We are said to be living in ________Information Age, ________time of new discoveries and great changes.
A．an; the
B．不填；the C．不填；a
D．the；a
D
【】第一空Information Age前加定冠词the为固定说法；第二空根据句意“据说我们正生活在信息时代，一个充满新发现和巨大变化的时代。”用不定冠词。故答案选D。’t usually stay at______hotels, but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by ________ sea.
A．/; a
B．the; the
C．/; the
D．the; a
【答案C
【】hotel为复数，前不会用定冠词the来修饰；江，河，湖，海前要加定冠词The development of industry has been_______ gradual process throughout _______ human existence, from stone tools to modern technology.
A. 不填, the
B. the; a
C. a; 不填
D. a; a
【答案】C
【解析】第一空process是可数名词，第一次出现一般用不定冠词，且此次表示“一个”的概念；第二空existence是不可数名词，其此处表示抽象概念，故用零冠词。
18.（2017·安徽高考）Carl is studying _______food science at college and hopes to open up
meat _______ processing factory of his own one day.
A. / ； a
B. / ；the
C. the ; a
D. the ; the
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查冠词，science是不可数名词，用the表示特指是不可能的，后面的factory是一个可数名词，用a 表示泛指。
【解析】句意：Sam被任命为工程部经理取代了George。表示官衔职务的名词作补语和同位语时，前不加冠词。在题干中，“manager”表示职务，作主语补足语，不需要加冠词，而第二个空白处为固定短语“take the place of”，是“代替，取代”之意。因此，正确答案为D选项。
20.（2017·辽宁高考）I woke up with ______bad headache, yet by ______ evening the pain had gone.
A. the; the
B. the; an
C. a; the
D. a; an
【答案】C
【解析】第一空表示泛指第二空为，用定冠词theSarah looked at______finished painting with______satisfaction.
A.不填；a
B. a; the
C. the; 不填
D. the; a
【答案 【解析Sarah满意地看着那幅已画完的画。第一空特指“已经画完的画”；第二空考查介词短语with satisfaction意为：满意地，作状语。此处satisfaction为抽象名词，在此短语中不用冠词。
22.（2017· 山东高考）Being able to afford _______ drink would be ______ comfort in those tough times.
A. the; the
B. a; a
C. a; 不填
D. 不填；a
【答案解析a drink意为：一杯饮料；第二空中的a comfort意为：一件令人安慰的事。
23.（2011·全国卷）It is generally accepted that ______boy must learn to stand up and fight like ______ man.
A.a; a
B.a; the
C.the; the
D.a; 不填A
【解析】句意：人们普遍认为,男孩子必须学会做一个男子汉，能挺身而出，勇于战斗。a boy和 a man都是泛指，表示一类人。单数可数名词泛指应在名词前加不定冠词a。As he reached______front door, Jack saw______strange sight.
A. the;不填
B. a; the
C.不填a
D. the; a
【答案】D
【解析】句意：当Jack走到前门时，看到了一个奇怪的景象。the front door是特指Jack所走过去的门，a strange sight是泛指，相当于a certain sight,起初次介绍的作用。因此选D。
25.（2011·山东高考Take your time—it’s just_____short distance from here to_____restaurant.
A.不填；the
B. a; the
C. the; a
D.不填；aB
【解析】句意：别急——从这儿到餐馆只不过短短的距离而已。a short distance短距离，是固定搭配的短语；the restaurant指双方都知道的餐馆，故用the特指。选B。
26.（2011·浙江高考）Experts think that______recently discovered painting may be______
Picsso.
A.the ;不填 B. a ;the
C. a ; 不填 D. the; a
【答案】D
【解析】句意：专家认为，最近发现的油画可能是毕加索的作品。the painting特指最近发现的油画；a Picsso意为a Picsso’s painting，指毕加索的一件作品，有one的含义。因此选D。
27.（2011·四川高考）Dr.Peter Spece, ______headmaster of the school, told us, “______fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge.”
A. 不填；A
B.不填；The
C.the; The
D.a; A
【答案】A
【解析】句意：校长Peter Spence告诉我们说，我校的五分之一学生将到牛津大学和剑桥大学去学习。headmaster校长，职务前面不加冠词；a fifth表示五分之一。因此选A。
28.（2011·重庆高考）In communication, a smile is usually __________ strong sign of a friendly and _______ open attitude.
A. the；/
B. a；anC. a； /
D. the；anC
【解析】句意：在相互交流中，微笑通常是一种友好和开放的态度的明显特征。a 用在可数名词sign前，泛指一类事物；friendly and open 是并列，修饰attitude。11·陕西高考）As is known to all,People’s Republic of China is______biggest developing country in the world.
A.the ;不填
B. 不填 ；the
C. the ；the
D. 不填；不填C
【解析】句意：众所周知，中华人民共和国是世界上最大的发展中国家。第一个定冠词the用在表示国家的名词前；第二个定冠词the用在有形容词最高级修饰的名词前。因此选C。
30.（2011·江西高考）—It’s said John will be in a job paying over ＄60,000 _____ year.
—Right, he will also get paid by _____ week.
A. the; the
B. a; the
C. the; a
D.a; a
【答案】B
【解析】前一句句意：据说John将会有一份年工资超过60 000美金的工作表时间单位每年，冠词a，后一句说没错，他也将会以每周的方式得到薪水。by后面接具体的计量方式用定冠词the。’s______good feeling for people to admire the Shanghai World Expo that gives them______pleasure.
A. 不填；a B. a；
C. the；a
D. a；the答案解析 “人们喜欢上海世博会给它们的快乐, 这是（一）种不错的感觉” a good feeling , 一种不错的感觉, give sb. pleasure。
32.（2010·山东高考）If we sit near _______ front of the bus, we’ll have _______ better view.
A.不填； the
B.不填；a
C. the; a
D. the；the
答案解析“某空间内部的前部”时, front前要加定冠词the; have a good view是习惯搭配, 表示 “视野开阔, 视野良好”之意；所以C项符合语境。
33.（2010· 江苏高考）The visitors here are greatly impressed by the fact that_______ people from all walks of life are working hard for_____ new Jiangsu.
A.不填； a
B. 不填；the
C. the； a
D. the； the答案A
【解析第一空,来自社会各阶层的人是不特指,不用冠词 第二空, 在Jiangsu 前有形容词new 因此,应加冠词a表示一个全新的江苏
【答案解析First impressions are the most lasting. After all, you never get _____ second chance to make _____ first impression.
A. a; the
B. the; the
C. a; a
D. the; a
【答案A
【解析句意：第一印象是最持久的。总之, 你永远不可能有第二个机会去再给别人留一次第一印象。本题强调的重点是第二个机会a second chance;第二次留一个第一印象, make a first impression. first为干扰因素。
Everything comes with _____ price; there is no such
_____ thing as free lunch in the world.
A. a; a
B. the;
/
C. the;
a
D. a;
/
【答案解析 “代价”, 为可数名词, 第二空前边有no,后面的名词不用冠词, 故选 D项。
37.（2010· 浙江高考）Many lifestyle patterns do such______great harm to health that they actually speed up______weakening of the human body.
A. a; /
B. /; the
C. a; the
D. /; /
【答案B
【解析 “do harm to”表示, 中间无需冠词；之后的weakening是由动词的ing形式表示抽象的名词, 表达一种概念、状况时需要加上the。
38.（2010· 四川高考）In______most countries, a university degree can give you______flying start in life.
A. the; a
B. the; 不填
C.不填; 不填
D.不填; a
答案D
【解析most前不加定冠词the.第二个空处应为 “一个高起点的开始”, 故用a ,正确答案为D。
(二)名词
1.(2017·安徽高考）—Why not buy a second－hand car first if you don't have enough money for a new one?
—That's a good ________.
A．saying
B．questionC．suggestion
D．account
【答案】选C
【解析】句意：“如果你没有足够的钱买辆新车，为何不先买辆二手车？”“这是个好建议。”saying“谚语，格言，警句”；question“问题，议题”；suggestion“建议”；account“描述，报告，账目，账户”。上句使用的是“Why not do sth.？”表示的是建议，故选C。
.(2017·福建高考）—Could you tell me the ________ of making such tasty cakes?
—Well, I just follow the directions in the cookbook.
A．feature
B．planC．cost
．trick
【答案】选D
【解析】句意：“你能告诉我制作这样美味的蛋糕的技巧吗？”“哦，我就是照着烹饪书上的说明做的。”feature“特点，特征”；plan“计划”；cost“成本，费用”；trick“窍门，技巧，诡计，恶作剧”。根据句中making such tasty cakes(制作这样美味的蛋糕)可知，上句说话人询问的是制作蛋糕的技巧(trick)。
.(2017·湖北高考）Her ________ for writing was a desire for women to get the right to higher education.
A．motivation B．qualificationC．talent
D.technique
【答案】选A
【解析】句意：她写作的动力是为妇女争取到接受高等教育权利的渴望。motivation“动力，动机”，符合句意。qualification“资格，合格”；talent“才能，人才”；technique“技能，技巧”。
.(2017·湖北高考）When Richard said,
“You are much more agreeable and prettier now，” Joan's face turned red at the unexpected ________.
A．command
B．comparisoncompliment
D．contribution
【答案】选C
【解析】句意：当理查德说“你现在更讨人喜欢、更漂亮了”时，琼的脸因听到这意外的赞美变得绯红。根据句意可知，这里用compliment表示“赞美”。command“命令，控制”；comparison“比较”；contribution“贡献”。
(2017·江苏高考）She was put under house arrest two years ago but remained a powerful ________ in last year's election.
A．symbol
B．portraitidentity
D．statue
【答案】选A
【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：虽然她在两年前就已遭软禁，但她在去年的选举中仍然是有影响力的代表人物。symbol“代表，代表性的人(物)”，符合句意。portrait“肖像”；identity“身份；个性”；statue“塑像”。
(2017·浙江高考)We most prefer to say yes to the ________ of someone we know and like.
A．attempts
B．requestsdoubts
D．promises
【答案】选B
【解析】句意：我们熟悉和喜欢的人对我们提出的要求，我们最愿意答应接受。attempt“试图，企图”；request“要求，请求”；doubt“怀疑，质疑”；promise“允诺，许诺”。
【答案】
【解析】…在句中充当后置定语。
8 (2017·湖北高考) Carbon dioxide, which makes a ______ between us and the sun, prevents heat from getting out of the atmosphere easily, so the earth is becoming warmer.
A. difference
B. comparison
C. connection
D. barrier
【答案】D【解析】…from…。
9. (2017·湖北高考) An artist who was recently traveling on a ferry to the southern island discovered ______ a long lost antique Greek vase.
A. at random
B. by chance
C. in turn
D. on occasion
【答案】【解析】
10 (2017·江苏高考) With inspiration from other food cultures, American food culture can take a _______ for
the
better.
A. share
B. chance
C. turn
D. lead
【答案】C【解析】
11 (2017·江西高考) Whenever I made mistakes, the teacher pointed them out with ______.
A. curiosity
B. satisfaction
C. envy
D. patience
【答案】
【解析】
12 (2017·辽宁高考) The accident caused some______ to my car, but it’s nothing serious.
A. harm
B. injury
C. ruin
D. damage
【答案】
【解析】句意：’s nothing serious，可知造成的破坏不严重，可以修复。所以选D。
13 (2017·天津高考) While she was in Paris, she developed a ________ for fine art.
A. way
B. relation
C. taste
D. habit
【答案】【解析】As the world’s population continues to grow, the ______ of food becomes more and more of a concern.
A. worth
B. supply
C. package
D. list
【答案】【解析】2017·山东My first ________ of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man.
A. expression
B. attention C. satisfaction
D. impression
【答案】D【解析】句意：我对他的第一印象就是：他是一个善良而体贴的小伙子impression意为“印象”，符合句意。expression 表情，表达；attention 注意；satisfaction 满意。
2017·福建—Why do you choose to work in an international travel agency?
—Well, you know, English is my ________.So it is my best choice.
A．strength
B．talentC．ability
D．skill
【答案】A 【解析】根据语境，说话人选择在国际旅行社工作是因为英语是其强项。strength：强项；talent：天才；ability：能力skill:技术。
Your______as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting on how you learn.
A. operation B. growth C. performance D. character
【答案】C
【解析】句意：作为一个学生，你的学习（performance）会很棒的如果你能够养成对所学的的东西进行反思的话。operation操作、手术；growth增长；character人物、角色，均不符合语境，故排除。
18.（2017·湖北高考) It is important to have your eyes examined regularly to check for any sign of eye disease that may not have any ________.
A. symptom
B. similarity
C. sample
D. shadow
【答案】A
【解】·湖北高考)The officer insisted that Michael did not follow the correct ________ in applying for a visa.
A. pattern
B. procedure
C. program
D. perspective
【答案】B
【解】·江苏高考)— Can I help you with it?
— I appreciate your_____, but I can manage it myself.
A. advice B. question C. offer
D. idea
【答案】C
【解析】句意：“我可以帮你吗？”“我感激你的提议,但我自己能设法做的。”offer意为“提议”，符合题意。A意为“建议，劝告”；B意为“问题”；D意为“想法，主意”。
21.(2017·江西高考)You’d better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future _____ .
A．purpose B． reference C．progress D．memory
【答案】B
【解析】句意：你最好写下这个餐馆的号码以便日后参考用。for future reference是一个常用词组搭配，表示“以供日后参考”。
·四川高考) He will come to understand your efforts sooner or later. It’s just a matter of _____.
A. luck
B. value
C. time
D. fact
【答案】C
【解析】·全国II）The Harry Potter books are quite popular; they are in great ______ in this city.
A. quantity
B. progress
C. production
D. demand
【答案 【解析·天津高考)You were working too hard. You’d better keep a ________between work and relaxation.
A.promise
B. lead
C. balance
D. diary
【答案解析eep a balance 保持平衡；结合句意可知C正确。句意：你工作太认真了，你最好在工作和放松之间保持平衡。Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional _____.
A．consequence
B．independence
C．competence
D．intelligenceconsequence后果，结果；independence独立；competence能力，胜任，称职intelligence智力, 智慧; 理解力福建The lack of eco-friendly habits among the public is thought to be a major_____of global climate change.
A.result
B.cause
C.warning
D.reflection
【答案】B
【解析】句意:公众缺乏对生态环境友好的习惯被认为是全球气候变化的主要原因。result结果；cause原因；warning警告；reflection反映。cause与global climate change存在着因果关系，故选B。
27.(2011·浙江高考)Anyway, I can’t cheat him — it’s against all my ____.
A. emotions
B. principles
C.
regulations
D. opinions
【答案】B
【解析】句意:不管怎样，我不能欺骗他—这违反我的原则。emotion情绪；principle原则，准则；regulation规定，规则；opinions意见。根据句意选B。
28. (2011·四川Always remember to put such dangerous things as knives out of children’s _____.
A.touch
B.sight
C.reach
D.distance
【答案】C
【解析】句意:时刻记住：这些危险物品，比如刀子，要放在孩子们够不着的地方。out of touch不联系，不接触out of sight看不见, 在视野之外out of reach手够不着, 达不到out of distance远离=far away湖北“Tommy, run! Be quick! The house is on fire!” the mother shouted, with______ clearly in her voice.
A . anger
B. rudeness
C. regret
D. panic
【答案】D
【解析】句意:“Tommy，快跑！快点！房子着火了！”母亲大声叫喊，嗓音里夹杂这惊慌rudeness粗鲁； regret后悔；panic惊慌，慌乱。根据句意选D。
30. (2011·湖北Giving up my job to go back to full-time education was a big________, but now I know it was the best decision I ever made.
A. project
B. commitment
C. competition
D. ambition
【答案】B
【解析】句意:当初放弃我的工作重新接受全日制的教育是个了不起的决定，现在我知道那是我作出的最好的决定。project项目, 计划, 方案, 课题commitment 承诺许诺保证competition比赛竞争ambition抱负雄心野心commitment与后面的decision相呼应，故选B。
31. (2011·湖北When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster, many teachers would prefer to see him step aside _________ younger men.
A. in terms of
B. in need of
C. in favor of
D. in praise of
【答案】C
【解析】句意:当被问到对于校长的看法时，许多老师都愿意看到他靠边站为更年轻的人让路。in terms of就而论；in need of需要；in favor of赞成；in praise of表扬，赞扬。
32. (2011·江西高考)What’s the_____, in your opinion, of helping him if he doesn’t make an effort to help himself?
A.sympathy
B.theme
C.object
D.point
【答案】D
【解析】句意你认为如果他没有作出努力去帮助自己而去帮助他的意义是什么？sympathy同情，theme 主题，object 物体，point意义。山东There’s a _____ in our office that when it’s somebody’s birthday, they bring in a cake for us all to share.
A. tradition
B. balance
C. concern
D. relationship
【答案】A
【解析】句意:我们办公室有个传统:轮到某个人的生日时，他就带蛋糕来与大家分享。tradition传统；balance平衡； concern关心；relationship关系，联系。句中somebody 与they相照应，说明不止一次，因此用tradition。
34. (2011·江苏高考)We’d better discuss everything _______ before we work out the plan.
A．in
detail
B．in general
C．on purpose
D．on timein detail详细地；in general一般而言, 总的来说on purpose故意地；on time准时。根据句意，先讨论后制订计划，选A。
35.(2010·安徽高考)I haven’t seen Sara since she was a little girl, and she has changed beyond_______.
A. hearing
B. strength
C. recognition
D. measure
【答案】C
【解析】后半句句意:她变得认不出来了。hearing意为 “听力”；strength意为 “力气；力量”；recognition意为 “认出识别认识”“测量；措施”。
36. (2010·江西高考)Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving license reached 200,000, a (n) ______ of 40,000 per year.
A .average
B .number
C .amount
D .quantity
【答案】A
【解析】a number of 许多 amount of 一般加不可数名词表金额, a quantity of 既可以加可数也可以加不可数, 但没有平均每年增加的意思。Those who suffer from headache will find they get ______ from this medicine.
A. relief
B. safety
C. defense
D. shelter
【答案】A
【解析】句意:那些头痛的人会发现这种药物能使头痛缓解。A项意义符合句意, relief 表示 “缓解, 减轻, 解除”。 safety表示 “安全, 保险”；defense 表示 “防御, 防护”； shelter表示 “掩蔽, 保护”。
38.(2010·天津高考)James took the magazines off the little table to make______for the television.
A. room
B. area
C. field
D. position
【答案】A
【解析】句意：詹姆斯把杂志从小桌子上拿下了, 目的是为电视腾出空间。make room for是固定搭配, 意思是 “为……让空”的意思, 其中的room是不可数名词。
39.(2010·江苏高考)The doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients, so he has a very good_____.
A. expectation
B. reputation
C. contribution
D. civilization
【答案】B
【解析】reputation“名声expectation“期望ontribution“贡献ivilization“文明。湖北This restaurant has become popular for its wide_____of foods that suit all tastes and pockets.
A. division
B. area
C. range
D. circle
【答案】C
【解析】句意：这家餐馆越来越出名是由于它做的各种各样的食物适应各种类型人群。“a range of “强调一个系列, 而 “a wide range of”意为 “各种各样的”，符合题意。从句子结构来讲, 这个句子属于典型的 “从句套从句”。 “for”引导原因状语从句, “that”引导定语从句。
41.(2010·湖北高考)After the earthquake, the first thing the local government did was to provide_____for the homeless families.
A. accommodation
B. occupation
C. equipment
D. furniture.
【答案】A
【解析】accommodation“住处”;occupation表示 “占用”或者“工作, 职业”；furniture表示 “家具”；equipment表示 “设备, 器材”。
42.(2010·浙江高考)The school advisers help you talk through your problem but they don’t give you any direct ______.
A. solution
B. target
C. measure
D. function
【答案】A
【解析】句意：学校的建议者们帮助你分析问题, 但是他们不会给你直接的解决方法。分析四个选项：solution解决方法；target目标；measure措施；function功能。
（三） 代词
13．To warm himself, the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against ________.
A．another
B．the other
C．other
D．either
解析：选B 考查不定代词。句意：为了暖和自己，那个海员坐在火堆前，两只光脚丫互相蹭着。another“另一个”，指三者或三者以上中的另外一个；the other“另一个”，指两者中的另外一个；other“别的，其他的”；either表示两者中的任意一个。由语境可知，此处表示“另一只赤着的脚”，指“两者中的另外一个”，故用the other。
10．Niki is always full of ideas, but________is useful to my knowledge.
A．nothing
B．no one
C．neither
D．none
解析：选D 考查不定代词。句意：尼基点子总是很多，但是(据我所知)，没有一个是有用的。由前面的full of ideas可以得知他有“很多点子”，再结合but的转折可知“没有一个有用”，所以此处要用none。
2．The meeting will be held in September, but________knows the date for sure.
A．everybody
B．nobody
C．anybody
D．somebody
解析：选B 考查不定代词。句意：会议将在九月份举行，但是没有人知道确切的日期。句中的转折连词but是解题的关键，表明人们现在只知道会议在九月份开，但确切日期不知道。
2．The quality of education in this small school is better than________ in some larger schools.
A．that
B．one
C．it
D．this
解析：选A 考查代词。句意：这所小型学校的教学质量比有些较大的学校的教学质量还要好。空格处指代the quality of education，为不可数名词，故用that。
1.(2017·安徽高考）You can ask anyone for help.________ here is willing to lend you a hand.
A．One
B．No one
C．Everyone
D．Someone
【答案】选C
【解析】句意：你可以向任何一个人求助，这里的每一个人都愿意帮助你。根据前一句“You can ask anyone for help”可知，每一个人都愿意帮助你。故选C。no one为否定，不合题意；one表示泛指；someone指代某一个个体，均与前一句不符。
(2017·全国卷）—Who's that at the door?
— ________ is the milkman.
A．He
B．ItC．This
D．That
【答案】选B
【解析】代词it可指代上文提到不知道性别的人或物。此处应用it指代上句中的“在门口的那个人”。
.(2017·福建高考）In some countries, people eat with chopsticks, while in ________， knives and forks.
A．another
B．others
C．both
D．all
【答案】选B
【解析】句意：在一些国家里，人们用筷子吃饭，而在其他国家，人们用刀叉吃饭。another“另一个”，指三者或三者以上中的另一个；others“其他的”，表示泛指；both“两者，两个都”；all“(三者或三者以上)都”。根据句中的关键词some countries(一些国家)可知，空格处表示“其他的国家”，所以选择B项(others)。
．（2017·江西高考）—When shall I call,
in the morning or afternoon?
—________. I'll be in all day.
A．Any
B．None
C．Neither
D．Either
【答案】选D
【解析】句意：“我什么时候打电话，上午还是下午？”“随便什么时候都可以，我一整天都在。”表示两个时间“任何一个”都行，用either。
．（2017·四川高考）She'd lived in London and Manchester, but she liked ________ and moved to Cambridge.
A．bothB．neitherC．none
D．either
【答案】选B
【解析】考查代词。句意：她曾在伦敦和曼彻斯特住过，但她都不喜欢，于是迁居到剑桥。语境表明空格处应用表示两者完全否定的不定代词。
(2017·江苏高考）Good families are much to all their members, but ________ to none.
A．something
B．anythingC．everything
D．nothing
【答案】选C
【解析】考查不定代词。句意：好的家庭对每个家庭成员都很重要，但对谁都并不是意味着一切。but everything to none可转化为：but they are not everything to any one of their members，属于部分否定。
(2017·陕西高考）I'd appreciate ________ if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.
A．it
B．youC．one
D．this
【答案】选A
【解析】考查代词。句意：如果你能够让我提前知道你是否要来，我将不胜感激。根据句子的结构，此空在句中作形式宾语，而真正的宾语为if所引导的从句，故要用it。故答案为A。
(2017·浙江高考)An average of just 18.75 cm of rain fell last year, making ________ the driest year since California became a state in 1850.
A．each
B．itC．this
D．one
【答案】选B
【解析】考查代词辨析。make sth./sb.＋n.“使/让某事(某人)成为……”。代词it在此处指代前面的“last year”，为同名同物的指代。
(2017·重庆高考)A smile costs ________， but gives much.
A．anything
B．somethingC．nothing
D．everything
【答案】选C
【解析】句意：微笑虽然不用花费什么，但意义却是很大的。此句是一个含有转折连词but的并列句，but后面说“意义非常大”，据此可知but分句前面应该是含有否定意义的内容，所以只能选C项。
(2017·山东高考)Susan made________ clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.
A．that
B．thisC．it
D．her
【答案】选C
【解析】句意：苏珊向我明确表示她希望开始自己的新生活。it为形式宾语，that引导的宾语从句作真正的宾语。