Module 4
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2016·河南安阳一中高三三模)
Bamboo (竹子) is one of nature's (自然) most surprising plants. Many people call this plant a tree, but it is a kind of grass.
Like other kinds of grass, a bamboo plant may be cut very low to the ground, but it will grow back very quickly. A Japanese scientist reported one bamboo plant which grew 1.5 meters (4 feet) in 24 hours! Bamboo grows almost everywhere in the world except Europe. There are more than 1, 000 kinds of bamboo.
Not all bamboo looks the same. Some bamboo plants are very thin. They may only grow to be a few centimeters wide while others may grow to more than 30 centimeters (1 foot) across. This plant also comes in different colors, from yellow to black to green.
Bamboo has been used to make many things such as hats and kitchen tools. Because it is strong, bamboo is also used to build buildings.
Many Asian countries have used bamboo for hundreds of years. They often use bamboo for buildings and supporting new buildings and bridges while they are being built.
In Africa, poor farmers are taught how to find water using bamboo. These African countries need cheap way to find water because they have no money, and their crops often die from no rain and no water. Bamboo pipes help poor farmers bring water to their thirsty fields without spending a lot of money.
语篇解读：本文主要告诉我们竹子的分布、作用以及人们使用竹子的情况。
1．How is bamboo like grass?
A．It grows quickly.
B．It's wood.
C．It is easy to cut
D．It is very thin
答案：A 细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句Like other kinds of grass, a bamboo plant may be cut very low to the ground, but it will grow back very quickly.可知竹子和很多其他的草一样都长得很快。故A正确。
2．Though you can see bamboo everywhere, it doesn't grow ________.
A．in China
B．in Europe
C．on mountains
D．in Africa
答案：B 细节理解题。根据文章第二段倒数第二句Bamboo grows almost everywhere in the world except Europe.可知除欧洲之外的其他地方都可以生成竹子。故B正确。
3．Why is bamboo used by African poor farmers?
A．Because it is cheap.
B．Because it has different colors.
C．Because it is strong.
D．Because it has been used by Asians.
答案：A 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第二句These African countries need cheap way to find water because they have no money, and their crops often die from no rain and no water.可知非洲人用竹子寻找水，是因为竹子很便宜。故A正确。
4．Bamboo pipes can ________.
A．make money
B．be trees
C．grow quickly
D．carry water
答案：D 细节理解题。根据文章最后一句Bamboo pipes help poor farmers bring water to their thirsty fields without spending a lot of money.可知竹管可以用来运输水。故D正确。
Ⅱ.七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2015·河南八市重点高中质检)
Relax during a job interview
Few people actually like job interviewing. It's nervewracking trying to show your“best” self to a perfect stranger. __1__ That's not easy, but there are some ways to pull yourself together and feel more confident.
Prepare solid talking points. It's always best to overprepare for possible questions by not only researching the company and the person interviewing you, but also by preparing answers and practicing those responses. Review the skills and experiences requested in the job announcement and have two to three examples of how you have demonstrated each one. __2__
Remember：It's a twoway street. This is a conversation, not an interrogation(审问). __3__ Remembering that this is a back and forth discussion，where you can—and should—ask questions as well as answer them, can help you feel more comfortable.
Just breathe.__4__ Your body will relax a lot. You want to avoid upper chest breathing, as it tends to just move your stress upward to your face.
__5__ If you go into an interview picking apart your outfit or imperfect responses, you're only hurting your chances of coming off as calm and collected. Turn off your negative selftalk and then create a different selftalk message，like “I am here to share the best of my ability and that is all I can really do.”
Work it out. Putting in some gym time on the morning of your interview can help you get rid of any nervous tension. Exercise helps calm your nervous system and tends to reduce the intensity of physical manifestations(表现形式) of stress such as restlessness.
A．Stop the negative thoughts.
B．Put your idea into practice.
C．When faced with an interviewer, you may be nervous.
D．Before you walk into your interview，take a few deep breaths.
E．You're trying to prove you're the one for the job and that you can handle stressful situations.
F．Don't forget that you're not the only one being interviewed—you're also interviewing the organization.
G．This will strengthen your answers and allow you to show how your experience is relevant to the job or organization for which you're interviewing.
语篇解读：面试时我们难免紧张。如何在面试时让自己放松呢？本文给出了一些方法。
1．E 由上句中的trying to show your “best” self和后文的That's not easy可知此处表示面试时想证明自己并不是一件容易的事情。
2．G 通读该段的内容可知G项可与前面的内容有效衔接起来。
3．F 本段的核心话题是面试是双向的，所以F项正好符合此处的语境。
4．D 根据空前的Just breathe和空后的Your body will relax a lot可推知答案为D项。
5．A 原文中的Turn off your negative selftalk and then create a different selftalk message暗示答案为A项。
Ⅲ.完形填空
Tim Becker and his neighbours are doing something to make their neighbourhood a troublefree area.
When Tim Becker gets in his car to go shopping, he doesn't __1__ drive to a store and back home. He always looks __2__ up and down the streets of his neighbourhood. He looks for anything __3__ such as strange cars, loud noises, __4__ windows, or people gathering on street corners.
Tim __5__ to a neighbourhood watch group in Stoneville, Indiana, USA． The neighbourhood watch group __6__ on the third Wednesday of every month.That's __7___ Tim gets together with about ten of his neighbours to discuss community(社区) __8__ . Members of the neighbourhood watch group want to help the police __9__ their homes, streets，and families safe.
Tina Stedman, president of __10__ neighbourhood watch group, agrees with Tim. “People seem to think that crime (犯罪) happens to other people but not __11__ them. Well, it's never happened to me，” she said，“but I don't think anyone has the __12__ to steal from other people or to make them feel __13__ sitting in their own homes.”
Alex, a member of the group, said that all the neighbours __14__ out for one another. “We __15__ each other's homes. We keep watch on the neighbourhood at night and on weekends. Usually a __16__ of four or five of us goes out together. If something doesn't look right, then we call the __17__. For example，if we notice a group of teenagers who seem to be looking for __18__， or someone destroying property (财产), we report to the police.”
Alex feels the neighbourhood watch groups __19__ a lot in keeping crime down. Her husband Jim agrees, “Police are good people, but they can't do __20__.”
1. A．yet B．still
C．just
D．rather
答案：C 蒂姆和他的邻居正在努力使他们的邻里变得无忧无虑、安全通畅。 自然每当蒂姆开车出门购物时就不仅仅只是(not just)开车去商店再开车回家，而是还有别的事情要做。not yet“尚未”；not just“不仅仅；不只是”。
2．A．carefully
B．clearly
C．nervously
D．coldly
答案：A 根据句意推断，他总是在邻里的街道上上下下仔细地(carefully)查看。carefully“小心地；谨慎地”；clearly“明显地；无疑地”；nervously“神经紧张地；不安地”；coldly“冷淡地”。
3．A．familiar
B．unusual
C．expensive
D．interesting
答案：B 该句指查看是否有像陌生的车子或喧哗的噪音之类的异常情况。
4. A．curtained
B．open
C．old
D．broken
答案：D 与前面strange cars，loud noises构成并列意义不应是开着的(open)、旧的(old)、挂有窗帘的(curtained)窗户，而是破了的(broken)窗户。
5．A．attends
B．belongs
C．goes
D．turns
答案：B 蒂姆属于一个邻里监护队。attend to“留心；护理”；belong to“属于”；go to“去；求助于”；turn to“转向；求助于”。
6．A．meets
B．quarrels
C．sings
D．searches
答案：A 邻里监护队每月第三个周三碰头开会(meet)，而不是争吵(quarrel)、唱歌(sing)或搜查(search)。后文“gets together with about ten of his neighbours to discuss community safety”有所暗示。
7．A．where
B．why
C．when
D．how
答案：C 根据前文on the third Wednesday of every month可知此处指时间。
8．A．politics
B．wealth
C．health
D．safety
答案：D 从前文蒂姆的行为及本段最后的safe一词可以看出，他们聚集在一起研讨社区的安全(safety)问题，而非政治(politics)、健康(health)或财富(wealth)问题。
9．A．keep
B．hold
C．let
D．protect
答案：A “keep＋宾语＋adj.”表示“使……保持某种状态”。该句指帮助警察使(keep)他们的家、街道和家人安全。
10. A．its
B．his
C．their
D．your
答案：C 根据上下文推断，此处指“他们的(their)”邻里监护队的队长。
11. A．round
B．on
C．about
D．to
答案：D 承接前面的happen to sb.结构，此处用介词to。
12．A．right
B．chance
C．courage
D．mind
答案：A 根据句意推断，任何人都可能有机会(chance)、勇气(courage)或心思(mind)，但却没有权力(right)去偷别人的东西或使别人感到不安全。
13. A．unlucky
B．unsafe
C．disappointed
D．discouraged
答案：B 该句表示“没有权力使别人坐在自己家里而感到不安全”，与前文偷东西等安全问题联系起来，就不可能是不幸(unlucky)、失望(disappointed)或泄气(discouraged)。
14．A．set
B．let
C．hold
D．look
答案：D set out“出发；开始”；let out“发出”；hold out“坚持；伸出”；look out“注意；留神”。根据上下文可知所有的邻居都要相互注意留神(look out)，提高警惕。
15．A．care
B．enter
C．watch
D．manage
答案：C 根据上下文推断，我们应该相互守护(watch)好彼此的家。前文已有所暗示，也与后文keep watch on一致。care“注意；照料；关心”；enter“进入”；watch“注视；注意；看守；守护”；manage“管理；设法”。
16．A．group
B．set
C．number
D．crowd
答案：A 前文已有暗示，四五个人形成一组/队(group)。
17．A．judges
B．police
C．firemen
D．doctors
答案：B 如果看到有什么事情不对劲，就叫警察(police)，而不是叫法官(judge)、消防员(fireman)或是大夫(doctor)。前文“help the police keep their homes，streets，and families safe”和后文“we report to the police”有所暗示。
18．A．work
B．money
C．service
D．trouble
答案：D look for service“找服务”；look for trouble“找麻烦”；look for work“找工作”；look for money“找钱”。从上下文判断，该句指发现一群十几岁的孩子似乎想捣乱、想找麻烦(trouble)。
19. A．produce
B．find
C．get
D．help
答案：D 在制止犯罪方面邻里监护队起到了辅助(help)的作用，充当了助手的功能，而不是生产(produce)、发现(find)或得到(get)什么。
20．A．anything
B．everything
C．harm
D．wrong
答案：B 警察很好，但他们并不可能每件事情(everything)都做得到。anything与not连用表示全部否定；everything与not连用表示部分否定。do harm/wrong“伤害/做坏事”。
Ⅳ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2015·山东省实验中学四次诊断)
Last Wednesday, about 7,400 American bankers went back to school again. This time they did not go to learn—they went to teach. __1__ 1997，the American Bankers Association has sponsored Teach Children to Save Day. Every April 26, bankers across the USA teach over 1.5 million primary and secondary school students how to handle __2__ money.
In the USA, children, especially teenagers, are often big spenders. In 2017, for example, American teenagers spent $175 billion. This is __3__ average of $104 per week per teenager. Few teenagers have any savings. They typically spend money as fast as they can. Nearly all will continue their __4__(spend) habits when they grow up.
It's necessary that children learn proper money management __5__ they are still young. The bankers show students how to budget and make smart __6__(decide) about money. They explain how to balance their expenses against their income. They help the students understand their family's shopping and household expenses as well. Of course，students __7__(teach) how to invest and save money too.
As Benjamin Franklin said, “A penny saved is a penny earned.” Moreover, money __8__(save) at interest can increase greatly in value over time. Children, __9__ adults, need to understand the value of saving money. This is __10__ Teach Children to Save Day is all about.
1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______
6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______
语篇解读：本文为记叙文。在美国有7400名银行家重返校园，给十几岁的孩子们讲解如何处置自己的钱。
1．Since 考查从属连词。根据后面句子谓语动词的时态(现在完成时)，可推知本空答案为since。
2．their 考查代词。此处指代前面的students且设空处后为名词，故用they的形容词性物主代词their。
3．an 考查冠词。an average of为固定短语，意为：平均……。
4．spending 考查动名词作定语。spending habits“消费习惯”。
5．when/while 考查状语从句。根据语境可知设空处引导时间状语从句，故填从属连词when或while。
6．decisions 考查动词短语。make a decision意为：作决定。smart前没有不定冠词a，由此判断此处应为decision的复数形式。
7．are taught 考查时态和语态。根据上下文可知设空处用一般现在时；students与teach为被动关系，故用被动语态，即are taught。
8．saved 考查非谓语动词作定语。被修饰词money与save为逻辑上的被动关系且表示完成，故用过去分词作定语。
9．like 考查介词。句意：像成年人一样，孩子们需要懂得存钱的价值。like介词，意为：像……一样。
10．what 考查表语从句。“__10__ Teach Children to Save Day is all about”为表语从句，该从句中缺少宾语(介词about的宾语)，且表示“事物”，故用what引导。