话题词汇
1.volunteer n.志愿者；v.自愿做，义务做
2.exist vi.存在
3.take sth.seriously严肃认真地对待
4.attach importance to重视
5.be likely to极有可能
6.run into碰到
经典语篇
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Have you had or heard any interesting or unforgettable experiences？
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佳作欣赏
One of the most unforgettable experiences I have ever had was to be a babysitter in my aunt’s home when I was 16 years old.①
I was quite excited the moment I thought of being with my cousin.② She was the most lovely baby I had ever seen.③ After I saw her fall asleep quietly on her bed，I began to watch TV.Just a few minutes later，I was interrupted by loud crying.I found her crying madly and her small mouth was open widely and her skin was turning pink.④ I had no choice but to run to her to comfort her and make sure that her needs were immediately met，in which case she would laugh happily.
I enjoy and will cherish the experience with my little cousin.
思维发散
1.将第①句改为省略句
One of the most unforgettable experiences I have ever had was to be a babysitter in my aunt’s home when 16 years old.
2.用“at＋名词”改写第②句
I was quite excited at the thought of being with my cousin.
3.仿照第③句翻译句子
这是我读过的最有趣的书。
This is the most interesting book I have ever read.
4.将第④句用with复合结构改写
I found her crying madly with her small mouth open widely and her skin turning pink.
Ⅰ.重点单词
A.写作单词
1.attract (vt.)吸引
2.aid (n.& vt.)帮助
3.narrow (adj.)狭窄的
4.employ (vt.)使用；雇佣
5.stare (vi.)凝视，盯着看
6.hopeful (adj.)抱有希望的
7.glance (vi.& n.)瞥一眼，匆匆看
8.calm (adj.)镇静的，沉着的，平静的；(vt.& vi.)使平静，镇静
9.raised (adj.)凸起的
10.relief (n.)轻松，宽慰
relieve (vt.)解除；减轻
11.disability (n.)缺陷；伤残
disabled (adj.)有残疾的；丧失能力的
12.reduce (vt.& vi.)减少；缩小；使陷入不佳状态，使沦落
reduction (n.)减少，降低
13.grateful (adj.)感激的，表示感谢的
gratitude (n.)感谢(的心情)；感激
14.suit (n.)套装；(vt.)适合，满足需要
suitable (adj.)合适的，适当的，适宜的
15.distance (n.)距离；远处
distant (adj.)遥远的；不友好的；冷淡的；疏远的
16.firmly (adv.)牢牢地，坚定地
firm (n.)公司；商行；商号；(adj.)坚硬的；牢固的；坚定的
17.hesitate (vi.)犹豫，迟疑不决
hesitation (n.)犹豫，踌躇
18.anxious (adj.)焦虑，忧虑；渴望；非常希望
anxiously (adv.)忧虑地；不安地；渴望地
anxiety (n.)焦虑，忧虑不安；渴望
19.likely (adj.)可能的
unlikely (adj.)不大可能发生的
unlike (prep.)不像；与……不同
B.阅读单词
20.darkness (n.)黑暗
21.grasp (vt.)抓紧，抓牢
22.panic (vi.& n.)惊慌，恐慌
23.forecast (vt.& n.)预测，预报
24.whisper (vi.& vt.)小声说；私下说
25.crossroads (n.)十字路口
26.puzzle (n.)谜，疑问；(vt.)迷惑，使困惑
27.contrary (adj.)相反的；(n.)相反的事实或情况
28.analyse (vt.)分析
analysis (n.)分析；分析结果
29.loose (adj.)松动的，松开的；宽松的；(vt.)松开，释放
30.attach (vt.)使连在一起，把……附在……上；认为……重要
31.approach (vi.& vt.)靠近，接近；着手处理；(n.)靠近；方法；路径
32.volunteer (n.)志愿者；(vi.& vt.)自愿做，义务做
voluntary (adj.)志愿的；自愿的，主动的
33.recognize (vt.)认识，辨认出；意识到；(正式)承认
recognition (n.)认识，认出；承认，认可
34.ignore (vt.)忽视；对……不予理会
ignorance (n.)无知，不知情
ignorant (adj.)无知的，不了解的
35.observe (vt.)观察；注意到；评论；遵守(规则、法律等)；庆祝
observer (n.)观察者；评论员
observation (n.)观察；评论
Ⅱ.重点短语
1.roll up卷起来
2.reach out伸出(手)
3.wish for盼望，企盼
4.watch out for留心，密切注意
5.in sight看得到，在视力范围之内
Ⅲ.经典句式
1.Polly found herself staring up at the face of an old man with a beard.
波莉抬头看去，发现是一位长着络腮胡子的老人。
2.While having dinner，listen to some enjoyable music rather than watch television.
吃饭的时候听一些好听的音乐而不是看电视。
3.Don’t be frightened by sharks：you are 30 times more likely to be hit by lightning than be attacked by a shark.
不要惧怕鲨鱼，因为你被闪电击中的几率可能要比被鲨鱼袭击的几率大30倍。
4.That is why pigeons have been used since ancient times to carry the news or even the mail.
那就是鸽子从古代就被用来传递信息甚至邮件的原因。
1
[应试指导] make sense在书面表达中的应用
1make sense有意义，讲得通
make sense of 理解
in no sense决不；无论如何都不位于句首，句子要用部分倒装
in a sense从某种意义上说
lose/out of one’s senses失去理智
2sense that...意识到……
(1)The whole affair left me with a sense of helplessness.
整个事情让我产生一种无助的感觉。
(2)Can you make sense of this telegram?
你弄得懂这电报的意思吗？
(3)He must be out of his senses to act in that way.
他那样做一定是疯了。
多维训练
(1)这个句子讲不通。
This sentence doesn’t make sense.
(2)他意识到他家出事了。
He sensed that something had happened to his family.
(3)从某种意义上说，如果生活是长途旅行，那么诚实是你应该一路带着的背包。
In a sense，if life is a long journey，honesty will be the backpack that should be taken along all the way.
(4)他决不会同意这个建议的。
In no sense does he agree with this suggestion.
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[应试指导] 非谓语动词句法功能的考查
(1)confuse...with/and...把……和……混淆
(2)confused adj.困惑的；混乱的；糊涂的
be/get confused with/about对……感到困惑
(3)confusing adj.令人困惑的；混乱的；混淆的
(4)confusion n.混淆；混乱；困惑
in confusion处于混乱状态
(1)I can’t see how anyone could confuse you with another!
我不明白怎么会有人把你和另外一个人搞混！
(2)Things were happening too quickly and Brian was confused.
事情发生得太快，把布赖恩给弄糊涂了。
(3)The room was in confusion after the birthday party.
生日晚会之后，房间里一片混乱。
多维训练
(1)用confuse的适当形式填空
①This is a very confusing experience.
②We felt confused with the difficult question.
③The uncertainty created by this situation must have caused you much confusion.
(2)同义句改写
He was confused with the present situation so he didn’t know what to do next.(用过去分词短语作原因状语改写)
Confused with the present situation，he didn’t know what to do next.
(3)Looking at her
look，we were
.
A.astonished；confused
B.astonishing；confusing
C.astonishing；confused
D.astonished；confusing
答案 A
解析 句意为：看见她惊讶的表情，我们感到迷惑不解。两个空都表示人的感受用ed形容词。
3
[多词一义] glance，glare，stare
1glance at看一眼，瞥一眼
2at a glance看一眼，立刻
at first glance乍一看；一看就
give/take a glance at粗略地看一下
(1)I only had time to glance at the newspapers.
我只来得及浏览一下报纸。
(2)One could tell at a glance that she was a compassionate person.
一眼就能看出她很有同情心。
(3)He gave her a quick glance and smiled.
他瞥了她一眼，笑了。
[词义辨析] glance，glare，stare
(1)glance指快速地看或瞥一眼。
(2)glare侧重于怒视，暗含敌对或威胁的态度。
(3)stare指由于生气、害怕或吃惊而睁大眼睛注视某人或某物。
多维训练
(1)用glance，glare，stare的适当形式填空
①They didn’t fight，but stood there glaring at one another.
②She is so afraid of the big dog that she stares at it without moving a little.
③The chairman glanced at his watch and announced the meeting was over.
(2)The doctor
at the patient quickly and rang for an ambulance immediately.
A.glanced
B.glared
C.gazed
D.stared
答案 A
解析 考查动词词义辨析。句意为：快速看了一眼病人之后，这位医生立即打电话叫了一辆救护车。glance at匆匆地看一眼；glare at怒目而视；gaze at(因惊讶、喜悦或有兴趣而)注视，凝视；stare at(因吃惊、恐惧等而)盯着看。结合题干中的关键词quickly和选项可知本题选A。
4
[应试指导] (1)后跟介词to (2)作为高级词汇替换come/draw near
1an approach to...做某事的方法/途径；接近，靠近
at the approach of在快到……的时候
2be approaching ……快到了
3just around/round the corner时间上临近地，马上，快要；距离上紧邻地，很近地
[特别提醒]
(1)表示具体靠近或走近某人或某事物时，可直接用作及物动词，不要按汉语意思在其后加介词to，near等。
(2)作“方法；通路”解时，其后接介词to。
(1)The brown bear approached the family in order to start an attack.
棕熊接近这一家人以便袭击他们。
(2)We have a very communicative approach to teaching languages.
我们在语言教学中非常强调交际教学法。
多维训练
(1)随着假日的临近，他的精神振奋起来。
His spirits rose at the approach of the holidays.
(2)同义句改写
①With the time for graduation approaching，we are busy with our papers.
a.With the time for graduation just around/round the corner，we are busy with our papers.(用corner短语改写)
b.As the time for graduation is approaching/drawing near，we are busy with our papers. (用as引导的时间状语从句改写)
②When we approached the city center，we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.(用现在分词短语作时间状语改写)
Approaching the city center，we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.
(3)Mo Yan，a most widelyread writer，takes a complete new
to describing China’s rural and folk culture.
A.way
B.approach
C.passage
D.entry
答案 B
解析 句意为：莫言的作品被广泛阅读，他采用了全新的方法来描述中国的乡村和民间文化。an approach to为固定搭配，相当于a way of，意为“……的方法”；passage指人们行走的“通道，走廊”；entry意为“进入，进入权，人口处”。
5
[应试指导] 写作中用do...without hesitation代替don’t hesitate to do...
1hesitate to do...迟疑做……；不愿做……
hesitate about/in/at/over doing sth.做某事犹豫不决
hesitate about＋whether从句对是否做……犹豫不决
2hesitation n.踌躇；犹豫
without hesitation毫不犹豫地
have no hesitation in doing sth.毫不犹豫地做某事
(1)She hesitated a long time and then she said “Yes”.
她犹豫了很长时间，然后才说“行”。
(2)She hesitates about the choice between the two dresses.
她不能决定选这两件衣服中的哪一件。
(3)The great majority of players would，of course，sign the contract without hesitation.
绝大多数球员当然会毫不犹豫地签合同。
多维训练
(1)完成句子
①在巴黎该住在哪里，我们犹豫不决。
We hesitated (about) where to stay in Paris.
②他不情愿冒这样大的险。
He hesitated to take such a big risk.
(2)同义句改写
I would decline the post without hesitation.(用have no hesitation in...改写)
I would have no hesitation in declining the post.
(3)We are at your service.Don’t
to turn to us if you have any further problems.
A.beg
B.hesitate
C.desire
D.seek
答案 B
解析 beg请求，乞求；hesitate犹豫；desire渴望；seek追求。句意为：我们随时为您服务，如果您还有问题的话，不要犹豫向我们求助。
6
[应试指导] 形容词短语作状语的考查
1be anxious about sth.为某事忧虑/担心
be anxious for sth.渴望某事物
be anxious to do...渴望做……；急于做……
be anxious＋从句，从句中常用虚拟语气
2anxiety n.[U]挂念；焦虑；[C]令人着急的事；烦恼；忧虑
with anxiety焦虑地
(1)He is very anxious about the results of the exam.
他很担心考试的结果。
(2)I was told the Learning Center provides help for students and I’m anxious to get help from you.
我被告知学习辅导中心给学生提供帮助，现在我急于获得你们的帮助。
(3)She is very anxious that the letter should be sent to her husband in time.
她急切希望把那封信及时送给她丈夫。
多维训练
(1)用适当的介词填空
①I’m anxious for mother’s return.
②I am very anxious about my son’s health.
③He was waiting with anxiety.
(2)同义句改写
Because his parents are anxious about his safety，they send him to school in person.(用形容词短语作状语改写)
Anxious about his safety，his parents send him to school in person.
(3)—Why are you so hurried?
—My mother will get a bit
if I don’t get back on time.
A.ashamed
B.eager
C.anxious
D.patient
答案 C
解析 句意为：——为什么你那么匆忙？——如果我不能按时回家我妈妈会担心。anxious 担心的，忧虑的，符合句意。ashamed羞愧的；eager渴望的；patient有耐心的。
7
[应试指导] 写作高级词汇come to sb.’s aid
1come/go to sb.’s aid帮助某人
do/give/offer first aid进行急救
in aid of用以援助
with the aid of在……帮助下
2aid sb.to do/in doing sth.帮助某人做某事
aid sb.with sth.用某物援助某人
(1)“Thank you so much for coming to my aid，” said Polly in relief.
波莉松了一口气说：“非常感谢你的帮助。”
(2)She pulled the drowning man from the water and gave him first aid.
她把那个溺水的男子从水中拉上来，并给他施行了急救。
(3)He collected money in aid of charity.
他为资助慈善募捐。
(4)We may travel with the aid of a good map.
我们可以靠一张好地图旅行。
多维训练
(1)一句多译
我帮他继续他的研究。
①I aided him to continue his research.(aid sb.to do...)
②I aided him in continuing his research.(aid sb.in doing...)
③I aided him with his research.(aid sb.with...)
(2)They collected much money
the poor girl.
A.in hope of
B.in aid of
C.with the aid of
D.for the purpose of
答案 B
解析 句意为：他们筹钱是为了资助这个可怜的女孩。所以选择B。
8
1volunteer for...自愿参加……
volunteer to do...自愿做……
volunteer as...志愿当……
2voluntary adj.自愿的；志愿的
on a voluntary basis在自愿的基础上
(1)Schools need volunteers to help children to read.
学校需要义务工作者帮助儿童阅读。
(2)He had walked for about a mile when a volunteer searcher found him.
他走了大概一英里这时一个志愿搜寻者找到了他。(2015·北京)
(3)Charities rely on voluntary donations.
慈善事业依靠自愿捐赠。
多维训练
(1)用适当的介词填空
①She works there on a voluntary basis.
②Why do you want to volunteer for our organization?
③The students were first asked to volunteer as camp counselors two hours per week for two years.
(2)玛丽阿姨主动要求清扫厨房。
Aunt Mary volunteered to clean up the kitchen.
9
1be recognized as被公认为……；被授予……称号/荣誉
It is recognized that...人们公认……
2recognition n.[U]认识；认出；承认
out of/beyond recognition认不出来
(1)Thus I began to recognize the strengths of my classmates and have everyone do their part in class.
因此我开始认识到同学们的长处，然后让他们在班级里发挥各自的作用。
(2)English is a dynamic language that admits new words and recognizes changes in meaning，spelling，and usage of familiar words.
英语是一门变化中的语言，它接纳新词，认可一些熟词在意义、拼写及用法上的变化。
(3)He is recognized as leader of the team.
他被公认为是这个队的领袖。
多维训练
(1)用recognize的适当形式填空
Being recognized in public has brought her much trouble，so she is always wearing dark glasses to avoid recognition.
(2)同义句改写
It is recognized that environmental pollution has become one of the most serious problems that people face.(用sth.be recognized to...改写)
Environmental pollution is recognized to have become one of the most serious problems that people face.
(3)I haven’t seen Sara since she was a little girl，and she has changed beyond
.
A.hearing
B.strength
C.recognition
D.measure
答案 C
解析 句意为：自从Sara长大后，我就一直没见过她，我简直认不出她来了。beyond recognition辨认不出来，符合题意。
10
[多词一义] suitable，fit，suit，appropriate
1suit sb.适合某人
suit...to...使……适合……
suit one’s needs符合某人的需要
be suited to/for适合于……；适用于……
2suitable adj.合适的，适合的
be suitable for适合于……
be suitable to do...适合做……
(1)To students，you’d better choose the activities which interest you and suit you.
对学生来说，你最好选择那些感兴趣并适合自己的活动。
(2)The management style of the team leader must be suited to the type of project and its phase in the project life span.
项目组长的管理方式必须适合于项目的类型和项目生命周期的阶段。
[词义辨析] suit，match，fit
(1)suit多指合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、地位、时间等。
(2)match多指大小、色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配。
(3)fit多指大小、形状合适，引申为“吻合，协调”。
多维训练
(1)用match，suit，fit的适当形式填空
The size of the shirt fits me well and its color matches my tie，so it suits me.
(2)用适当的介词填空
①A good teacher suits his lesson to the age of his pupils.
②Dr Yuan’s kind of rice is the most suitable for China’s farmland.
(3)同义句改写
The challenge is finding suitable partners for them.(用动词suit和定语从句改写)
The challenge is finding partners that suit them.
11
[应试指导] 写作过渡词汇on/to the contrary
1be contrary to与……相反；违反；对抗
2quite/just the contrary恰恰相反
on the contrary相反；反之
to the contrary与此相反地
(1)Contrary to the doctor’s advice，he went swimming.
他不听医生的忠告，跑去游泳。
(2)On the contrary，volunteers insist that they have got tired of the life on the earth.
相反，志愿者们坚持说他们已经厌倦了地球上的生活。(2017·广东)
(3)Any judgment to the contrary is simply not true.
任何相反的论断都是完全不真实的。
多维训练
(1)用contrary短语的适当形式填空
①You didn’t bother me.On the contrary/Just (Quite) the contrary，I like your company.
②I admit that your opinion is contrary to mine.
(2)Brown said he was by no means annoyed；
he was glad to be able to make himself clearly understood.
A.all in all
B.for one thing
C.on the contrary
D.by the way
答案 C
解析 句意为：布朗说他一点儿都不恼火。相反(on the contrary)他很高兴能够被透彻理解。all in all总而言之；for one thing其一；by the way顺便讲一下，均不符合语境，故排除。解题的关键是对词组by no means＝never(决不)的理解。所以选C。
12
1keep/be/stay calm保持镇静
2calm sb.down使某人平静下来
(1)The black pencil，on the other hand，remains calm.
另一方面，那只黑色铅笔却保持平静。
(2)Love helps us stay calm and serene even when things are tough.
爱帮助我们在时事艰难的时候保持沉着、平静。
(3)You’d better calm down and level your voice when you give a speech.
演讲时你最好镇定下来并放平声调。
[词义辨析] calm，quiet，silent，still
(1)calm平静的，沉着的，指无风浪或人的心情不激动。
(2)quiet宁静的，安静的，指没有声音、不吵闹或心里没有烦恼、焦虑。
(3)silent寂静的，沉默的，指不说话或没有声音。
(4)still静止的，不动的，指(人体等)无运动的。
多维训练
(1)用calm，quiet，silent，still的适当形式填空
①Try to keep calm and just tell me what happened.
②He spoke no English and was completely silent during the visit.
③Children find it difficult to sit still for very long.
④The company has invested enormous sums in quieter，more efficient engines.
⑤You will ignore the bell and go somewhere quiet to calm your friend down.
(2)The Chinese government has begun a campaign to
the crazy housing market.
A.calm
B.destroy
C.occupy
D.reflect
答案 A
解析 句意为：中国政府发起了一项平息疯狂的房地产市场的运动。calm使平静，(使)镇定，符合句意。
13
[应试指导] (1)写作高分句式：It is likely that...(2)Not likely在交际用语中的考查
be likely to do...可能做……,
It is likely that...可能做……
Very/Not likely.不会；不可能。
(1)We are likely to make small talk when we first meet people.
当我们第一次与陌生人见面，我们可能会进行简单的聊天。(2015·安徽)
(2)If this is your first baby，it’s far more likely that you’ll get to the hospital too early.
如果是第一胎，你很有可能会过早地赶到医院。
(3)Very likely he’d told them he had American business interests.
很可能他已经告诉他们自己拥有美国商业利益。
[词义辨析] likely，possible，probable
(1)likely一般指表面上看来有可能，成为现实的可能性比possible要大。likely既可以用人也可以用物作主语，还可以用于It is likely that...结构。
(2)possible强调事情客观上有可能发生，但这种可能性较小，究竟能否成为现实尚存疑虑。possible不能用人作主语，常用It is possible (for sb.)to do sth.；It is possible that...等结构。
(3)probable一般指事情的发生是有根据的、合情理的或可信的，推理成分较重，所表示的事情成为现实的可能性在三个词中最大。probable不能用人作主语，常用于It is probable that sb....结构。
多维训练
(1)同义句改写
They are likely to be fired by the company because of their fault.(用it作形式主语改写)
It is likely that they will be fired by the company because of their fault.
(2)Studies show that people are more
to suffer from back problems if they always sit before computer screens for long hours.
A.likely
B.possible
C.probable
D.sure
答案 A
解析 句意为：研究表明人们如果总是长时间地坐在电脑屏幕前面就更有可能出现背部问题。根据语境，这里表示“更有可能”，所以排除sure，其他几个形容词只有likely能够用人作主语。
(3)Great inventors don’t
graduate from famous universities.Some didn’t even go to university.
A.likely
B.necessarily
C.really
D.particularly
答案 B
解析 句意为：伟大的发明家未必都是著名大学毕业的。他们中有些甚至都没上过大学。likely可能；necessarily必然地；really真正地；particularly尤其。
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out of sight在视线之外
catch sight of看见；瞥见
at first sight乍一看
at the sight of一看见……
lose sight of看不见；失去；忘记
lose one’s sight失明
(1)And，as in a nightmare，there was nobody in sight to help me.
就像在噩梦里一样，看不到一个人可以帮助我。
(2)Don’t let me catch sight of you doing it again.
别让我再看到你做这种事了！
(3)At the sight of this cruelty，they could hardly contain their anger.
看到这种惨不忍睹的景象，他们简直无法克制他们的愤怒情绪。
多维训练
(1)完成句子
①We must not lose sight of(忘记) our original aim.
②At first sight(乍一看)，it may look like a generous offer，but always read the small print.
③She lost her sight(失明) and hearing after a terrible illness.
(2)At the railway station，the mother waved goodbye to her daughter until the train was
.
A.out of sight
B.out of reach
C.out of order
D.out of place
答案 A
解析 句意为：在火车站，母亲挥手和女儿告别直到火车看不见了。out of sight看不见，符合句意。
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1reach for伸手去够到/拿
2beyond/out of one’s reach of...够不到；在某人能力所及范围之外
within one’s reach of...在某人能力所及范围之内
(1)Luisa reached out her hand to stroke the cat.
路易莎伸手去抚摸猫。
(2)Put the bottle out of the reach of children under 5.
把瓶子放在5岁孩子够不着的地方。
(3)The clothes are all within easy reach of every woman.
那些服装每个女人都穿得起。
多维训练
(1)短语填空
①She reached out to touch his face.
②My daughter is not tall enough to reach for the dishes.
③Put your alarm clock out of reach.
(2)Now I reach
the cup
it away.
A.out；to put
B.for；put
C.out；put
D.for；to put
答案 D
解析 句意为：现在我伸手去拿杯子是想把它收好。reach for伸手拿……。
16
1watch over看守；监视；照顾
2be on the watch for留神；注意；警戒
keep watch值班；放哨
keep a watch on监视
on watch值班；守望
(1)Do you mind watching over my bag while I go to the rest room?
我去一趟卫生间，请你帮我看一下包好吗？
(2)The customs inspector was on the watch for diamond smugglers.
海关检查员正监视着钻石走私者的活动。
(3)One of you should climb the highest tree that you can find.Keep watch there and look toward the castle tower.
你们要时刻派人在能找到的最高的树上放哨，注意监视城堡里的高塔。
多维训练
短语填空
(1)Be careful！Watch out for cyclists and other runners.
(2)It was night.Suddenly the man on watch shouted.
(3)She said all must keep a watch on the election process.
(4)The guards were originally hired to watch over the houses as they were being built.
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多维训练
(1)写出下列句中observe的汉语意思
①I observed him slip out of the room.看到
②Everyone should observe the traffic rules.遵守
③I observed that some students are asleep.注意到
④Do they observe the Spring Festival in that country？庆祝
(2)Though having lived abroad for years，many Chinese still
the traditional customs.
A.perform
B.possess
C.observe
D.support
答案 C
解析 句意为：虽然许多中国人在国外居住了多年，但他们仍奉行传统的习俗。observe遵守，奉行，符合句意。
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多维训练
(1)用适当的介词填空
①To his relief，a loud knock on the door spared him from giving an explanation.
②My assistant relieved me of all the paperwork.
③The scandal brings out the issue in full relief.
(2)—Don’t worry，Mum.The doctor said it was only the flu.
—
！ I’ll tell your dad there’s nothing serious.
A.What a relief
B.Congratulations
C.How surprising
D.I’m so sorry
答案 A
解析 句意为：——妈妈，别担心。医生说只是流感。——我可以松口气了。我要告诉你爸爸没有什么严重的。A项意为“可以松口气了”，符合语境。B项意为“祝贺”；C项意为“多么令人惊讶啊”；D项意为“我很抱歉”。
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attach vt.把……固定，把……附在……上；认为……重要，重视，使连在一起；vi.与……有联系
多维训练
(1)完成句子
①The hospital is attached to(附属于) that university.
②You attached great importance to(非常重视) what that man said.
③The old man is very attached to(非常依恋) old customs and habits.
(2)同义句改写
He is so attached to the network games that he often plays truant.
①So attached to the network games，he often plays truant.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
②Attaching himself to the network games，he often plays truant.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)
③So attached to the network games is he that he often plays truant.(用倒装句改写)
(3)Both students and parents appreciate the great importance schools have
to eyesight protection.
A.reacted
B.attended
C.attached
D.adapted
答案 C
解析 句意为：学校对眼睛保护非常重视，对此学生和家长都非常赞赏。本句中，主句为Both students and parents appreciate the great importance；schools have
to eyesight protection为定语从句，先行词为importance。attach importance to为固定短语，意为“重视”。所以选C。
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多维训练
(1)完成句子
①她小声对我说她很害怕。
She whispered to me that she felt afraid.
②他们在低声说话。
They are speaking in a whisper/in whispers.
(2)一句多译
人们小声说，他正在准备一个惊喜聚会。
①People whispered that he was preparing a surprise party.(whisper v.)
②People said in a whisper/in whispers that he was preparing a surprise party.(whisper n.)
③People said in a low voice that he was preparing a surprise party.(voice)
④It was whispered that he was preparing a surprise party.(it)
(3)In order not to let the others hear what he said，he
the news to me.
A.shouted
B.told
C.whispered
D.chatted
答案 C
解析 考查动词辨析。句意为：为了不让他人听见，他小声地向我传达了这个消息。whisper小声说，符合句意。
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多维训练
(1)用适当的介词填空
①I’m in a panic about getting everything done in time.
②Shoppers are panicked into buying things they don’t need.
③The crowd ran out in panic.
(2)When the earthquake happened，the young man
and went under the bed.
A.panicked
B.panicking
C.threatened
D.amazed
答案 A
解析 句意为：地震发生时，这个年轻人惊恐地躲到了床底下。panic v.惊慌，恐慌，其过去式为panicked，故选A。threaten威胁，恐吓；amaze使惊奇。
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Polly found herself staring up at the face of an old man with a beard.
波莉抬头看去，发现是一位长着络腮胡子的老人。
find后常跟复合结构，即find＋宾语＋宾语补足语。宾语补足语可以由形容词、副词、介词短语、现在分词、过去分词等充当。find后的宾语可用it来代替，而把真正的宾语不定式、动名词、从句等放在宾补后。
(1)We find it hard to finish the task in such a short time.
我们发现在这么短的时间内完成任务很难。
(2)He is abandoned in a wild area and has to find his way out.
他被抛弃在野外，不得不找到出路。(2015·北京)
(3)She returned to her east London home to find her back door forced open.
她回到在伦敦东区的住所时发现后门被撬开了。
多维训练
(1)用所给词的适当形式填空
①—What do you think of teaching，Bob?
—I find it fun and challenging (challenge).It is a job where you are doing something serious but interesting.
②When we got there，we found the dog beaten(beat) to death already.
③You’ll find taxis waiting (wait) at the bus station which you can hire to reach your host family.
(2)Even the best writers sometimes find themselves
for words.
A.lose
B.lost
C.to lose
D.having lost
答案 B
解析 句意为：即使是最好的作家有时候也会发现自己找不到合适的话表达自己。find是表示心理变化的动词，其后的themselves是宾语，空格处应作为宾语补足语使用，所以要使用lost，表示“迷惘的，不知所措的”，lost是形容词。
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Don’t be frightened by sharks：you are 30 times more likely to be hit by lightning than be attacked by a shark.不要惧怕鲨鱼，因为你被闪电击中的几率要比被鲨鱼攻击的几率大30倍。
倍数的表达方式：
(1)倍数＋比较级＋than
(2)倍数＋as...as...
(3)倍数＋the＋名词(size/height/length/width...)＋of...
(4)倍数＋what从句
(5)倍数＋that of...
(1)Beijing is ten times the size of my hometown.
北京有我家乡的十倍大。
(2)In our county now the grain output is six times that of before liberation.
现在我们县的粮食产量相当于解放前的六倍。
(3)We have produced twice more grain this year than we did last year.
我们今年生产的粮食比去年增长两倍。
多维训练
(1)同义句改写
The red ruler is three times as long as the yellow one.
①The red ruler is twice longer than the yellow one.(用“倍数＋比较级＋than”改写)
②The red ruler is three times the length of the yellow one.(用“倍数＋the＋n.＋of...”改写)
(2)The geography teacher tells us that China has almost the same size as the USA but its population is
that of the USA.
A.larger six times than
B.six times larger than
C.six times as larger as
D.as six times large as
答案 B
解析 考查倍数表达法。句意为：地理老师告诉我们，中国在面积上与美国几乎一样大，但是人口却是美国的七倍。在倍数表达法中，倍数通常放在比较级前或者放在“as＋adj./adv.(原级)＋as”结构中第一个as前，six times larger than相当于seven times as large as。故选B。
(3)The plastic bags produced every year in our country are
the world’s production of vehicles，
is harmful to the environment.
A.three times the weight of；which
B.three times weight of；which
C.as three times heavy as；which
D.three times as heavy as；that
答案 A
解析 考查倍数表达法和非限制性定语从句。第一空选A、D都对；第二空考查非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子，故只能用which。所以A正确。
微写作
写作素材(关于残疾人)
1.现在很多志愿者举行各种各样的活动去帮助残疾人。
2.他们希望他们的行为能吸引更多的人。
3.他们也希望更多的公司会雇佣残疾人。
4.与此同时，残疾人也对他们的帮助表示感激。
提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。
连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)
Now many volunteers hold all kinds of activities to aid people with disability.They hope their actions will attract more people and that more companies will employ the disabled.At the same time，the disabled are grateful to them for their help.
Ⅰ.单项填空
1.
carefully if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab.(2017·北京，24)
A.Observe
B.To observe
C.Observed
D.Observing
答案 A
解析 考查祈使句。句意为：在实验室里做实验时，一定要仔细观察有无变化发生。句中if引导宾语从句，设空处为主句动词，且表示祈使语气，故用动词原形，构成祈使句。此处并非作状语，故非谓语动词形式不符合句法结构。
2.The film star wears sunglasses.Therefore，he can go shopping without
.(2017·北京，35)
A.recognizing
B.being recognized
C.having recognized
D.having been recognized
答案 B
解析 考查非谓语动词。句意为：那位影星戴着墨镜，因此他可以在没人认出的情况下购物了。without为介词，后面接动名词形式；the film star与recognize之间存在被动关系，故用动名词的被动式，即“being done”结构。
3.“Tommy，run！Be quick！The house is on fire！” the mother shouted，with
clearly in her voice.
A.anger
B.rudeness
C.regret
D.panic
答案 D
解析 句意为：“Tommy，快跑！快点！房子着火了！”母亲大声喊着，声音中明显透着恐慌。anger生气；rudeness粗鲁；regret后悔；panic恐慌。根据句意可知应选D项。
4.Those who suffer from headache will find they get
from this medicine.
A.relief
B.safety
C.defense
D.shelter
答案 A
解析 句意为：那些头痛患者会发现他们会通过这种药减轻疼痛。relief缓解，减轻；safety安全；defense保护；shelter庇护。根据句意可知应选A项。
5.What he said
me and I was at a loss.
A.confused
B.refused
C.confirmed
D.consulted
答案 A
解析 句意为：他说的话使我困惑，我不知道该怎么办。confuse sb.使某人困惑。
6.At the meeting they discussed three different
to the study of mathematics.
A.approaches
B.means
C.methods
D.ways
答案 A
解析 本题的关键词是题干中的介词to，只有approach才能跟to搭配使用。句意为：他们在会上讨论了三种不同的研究数学的方法。
7.Seeing the girl struggling in the lake，he threw himself in the icy water without
，and saved her from drowning.
A.hesitation
B.application
C.suggestion
D.repetition
答案 A
解析 考查名词辨析。句意为：看到那个女孩在湖里挣扎，他毫不犹豫地跳进冰冷的水里救下眼看要溺水的女孩。hesitation犹豫；application申请，运用；suggestion建议；repetition重复。根据句意可知，应选A项。
8.The parents will be
unless they know that their children are safe and sound.
A.eager
B.nervous
C.anxious
D.conscious
答案 C
解析 句意为：除非父母知道孩子们安然无恙，否则他们会担心。anxious担心的，符合题意。eager渴望的；nervous紧张的；conscious意识到的。
9.—How about 6：30 tomorrow evening?
—
.I will be free all day.
A.It doesn’t matter
B.That suits me fine
C.That’s all right
D.It all depends
答案 B
解析 考查交际用语。——明天晚上六点半怎么样？——这对我来说非常合适。我全天都有空。 It doesn’t matter 不要紧，没关系； That’s all right没关系，不客气；It all depends视情况而定，都不符合语境。所以选B。
10.My parents always
great importance to my getting a good education.(2017·天津，9)
A.have
B.attach
C.accept
D.pay
答案 B
解析 句意为：我的父母总是对我能够接受好的教育非常重视。attach great importance to...非常重视……。
11.The microphone enabled them to keep in touch，in other words，it made it
for them to contact each other.
A.likely
B.probable
C.possible
D.capable
答案 C
解析 make it possible for sb.to do sth.使某人做某事成为可能，符合句意。likely 常用于It is likely that...，be likely to do sth.结构；probable大概的，很可能的；capable有才能的，能胜任的(有褒、贬二义)，后接of。所以选C。
12.Do keep
in an emergency，or things will get even worse.
A.calm
B.still
C.quiet
D.silent
答案 A
解析 句意为：在遇到紧急情况时一定要保持镇定，否则情况会更糟。keep calm保持镇定。所以选A。
13.It’s said that the power plant is now
large as what it was.(2017·安徽，33)
A.twice as
B.as twice
C.twice much
D.much twice
答案 A
解析 考查倍数表达法。句意为：据说该发电厂现在是以前的两倍大。twice as large as是……的两倍大。倍数的表示法有多种，此处为“倍数词＋as＋形容词/副词原级＋as＋其他”结构。
14.They use specially trained dogs to
their sheep at night.
A.take care
B.get along with
C.watch over
D.turn to
答案 C
解析 句意为：在晚上他们用经过特殊训练的狗来看守羊群。watch over看守，监视，符合句意。
15.When he looked up，he suddenly found himself
by a group of teenagers，
looked at him anxiously.
A.to be surrounded；which
B.surrounded；who
C.be surrounded；who
D.having been surrounded；which
答案 B
解析 found himself surrounded发现自己被围着；who指teenagers，引导非限制性定语从句。所以选B。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Studying for the exams can be quite stressful，especially when the exams are near.Some students have a habit of
16
their work all through the term and studying only a week or so before the exams.
I can’t blame or judge them
17
I used to be like that.If you want to excel at your
18
，then the first thing you need to do is to
19
your study and your notes.Put away your class notes neatly and
20
.This will save a lot of time and energy that you spend on
21
bits of paper.Make a
22
folder for each of your subjects or courses and put all your notes in it chapter by chapter.
In my opinion，the best time to study is early in the morning because that is when your mind is really
23
and can take in much more than at any other time during the
24
.Make yourself a cup of tea or have a light breakfast and get to work.
Please don’t
25
your studies for the day before the exams.This day should be
26
for revision of the topics you already went through.The same is
27
for any project or assignment that you have.
Probably you have heard of all these before，but just can’t
28
them out.The
29
to getting good grades is to get interested in what you are studying.I know sometimes what you have to study can be quite
30
，but this is the time to use your imagination.Imagine a (n)
31
scenario.This way you will find it
32
and funnier to study even a dry topic.
At last，your thoughts play a significant part in shaping what you go through in life.If you say to yourself，“I hope I don’t fail，” then you are focusing on failing.It is much better to use
33
words.Say to yourself，“I will pass.” When you face a situation with
34
and optimism，you are much more likely to
35
.
16.A.reviewing
B.completing
C.neglecting
D.repeating
答案 C
解析 从下文studying only a week or so before the exams可知，有些同学平时不用功，忽视了学习，到考试前才开始学习。
17.A.if
B.because
C.although
D.while
答案 B
解析 I can’t blame or judge them和I used to be like that之间为因果关系。
18.A.studies
B.understanding
C.activities
D.abilities
答案 A
解析 前文有Studying for the exams can be quite stressful，因此要想在学习方面突出，就必须做一定的安排和计划。
19.A.spread
B.imagine
C.divide
D.organize
答案 D
解析 从后文介绍如何整理笔记可知，此处作者强调我们要安排和组织我们的学习。
20.A.unusually
B.frequently
C.realistically
D.systematically
答案 D
解析 从空前的Put away your class notes neatly可知，此处强调要把笔记整理得井井有条。
21.A.looking for
B.reflecting on
C.benefiting from
D.waiting for
答案 A
解析 笔记整理得井井有条，当你寻找某个内容时就可以节省大量的时间和精力。reflect on集中；benefit from受益于；wait for等待。
22.A.hard
B.familiar
C.separate
D.thin
答案 C
解析 联系空后的for each of your subjects or courses and put all your notes in it chapter by chapter可知，笔记要按照不同的科目分别用不同的文件夹存放。
23.A.strange
B.complicated
C.independent
D.fresh
答案 D
解析 联系空前的the best time to study is early in the morning可知，作者认为学习最好的时间是清晨，因为那个时候头脑比较清楚。
24.A.class
B.study
C.day
D.exam
答案 C
解析 联系前文的early in the morning可知，这里是讲述白天的学习的。
25.A.leave
B.regret
C.appreciate
D.see
答案 A
解析 联系空后的your studies for the day before the exams可知，不要在考试前一天丢下学习。
26.A.avoided
B.reserved
C.forgotten
D.dreamed
答案 B
解析 从空后的you already went through可知，考试前一天主要用于复习你学过的东西。
27.A.poor
B.unique
C.meaningless
D.true
答案 D
解析 从空后的any project or assignment that you have可以推断，对于任何科目都是一样的道理。
28.A.carry
B.take
C.set
D.find
答案 A
解析 这些道理可能大家以前都听说过，但是却不能落实到实践中。
29.A.devotion
B.key
C.passage
D.relation
答案 B
解析 获得好成绩的关键是要对自己所学的东西感兴趣。
30.A.interesting
B.disappointing
C.frightening
D.boring
答案 D
解析 有的时候所学的一些内容是很枯燥乏味的，但是这时你可以发挥你的想象力。
31.A.serious
B.puzzling
C.safe
D.exciting
答案 D
解析 当碰到一些枯燥乏味的内容时，你可以发挥你的想象力，设想一个让人兴奋的场景。
32.A.worse
B.sadder
C.easier
D.stranger
答案 C
解析 用这种方式，你会发现学习一个枯燥乏味的内容也会更容易、更有趣。
33.A.positive
B.confusing
C.annoying
D.theoretical
答案 A
解析 联系空后的Say to yourself，“I will pass.”可知，最后作者建议要用积极的话语来鼓励自己。
34.A.gratitude
B.tiredness
C.confidence
D.danger
答案 C
解析 联系空后的and optimism可知，要有信心。
35.A.move
B.leave
C.think
D.succeed
答案 D
解析 联系空前的When you face a situation with
(confidence) and optimism可知，有了信心与乐观，成功的可能性就大。
Ⅲ.阅读理解
Contrary to popular belief，looking at someone’s face alone is not enough to tell us whether they are roaring in celebration or screaming in frustration，researchers claimed.While people may believe they have the ability to read each other’s faces，body language is the real clue that shows whether strong emotions someone is feeling are positive or negative.
In a study，groups of participants were shown a series of facial expressions such as tennis players photographed just after winning or losing a point.
In some cases the volunteers were able to see the player’s full body，but in others they were only shown either their face or their body with the other removed.
Participants could clearly tell whether the players were winning or losing when they were shown the full picture or just the body，but their guesses were no better than chance when based on the face alone.
Those who were allowed to see the full image were convinced they had made their judgment based on the players’ facial expressions even though results from the two other groups suggested otherwise.
The researchers carried out a second study where participants were shown a wider range of faces showing emotions including joy，pleasure，victory，pain and defeat.
Using photoediting software，the researchers attached the faces to bodies expressing the opposite emotion，and asked participants to act out the emotions they saw in the photos.
The resulting poses were like the body poses in the photographs but not the facial expressions，demonstrating that people base their interpretation of strong emotions not on the face but the body.
Dr Aviezer，who led the study，said，“These results show that when emotions become extremely intense，the difference between positive and negative facial expressions becomes unclear.The results may help researchers understand how our body interacts during emotional situations.For example，individuals may fail to recognize facial expressions，but if they are trained to process important body language，their performance may significantly improve.”
36.People tend to believe that
.
A.someone’s body language has an effect on their feelings
B.reading someone’s face alone cannot tell their feelings
C.someone’s body language is the only clue to their feelings
D.someone’s feelings can be read by their facial expressions
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“Contrary to popular belief，looking at someone’s face alone is not enough to tell us whether they are roaring in celebration or screaming in frustration，researchers claimed.”可知，目前，人们普遍认为，看人们的面部表情就可以得知他们的心情。故D项正确。
37.What do we know about the first study?
A.The participants were divided into four groups.
B.All participants were given the same pictures to see.
C.It proved that emotions influence people’s body language.
D.Participants could tell the players’ feelings when seeing the full picture.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Participants could clearly tell whether the players were winning or losing when they were shown the full picture or just the body.”可知答案为D项。
38.In the second study，the participants were asked to
.
A.express the opposite emotion
B.act out the emotions they saw
C.use photoediting software
D.perform different roles
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“asked participants to act out the emotions they saw in the photos”可知，第二个研究中，参与者被要求把所看到的表情演示出来。
39.What did Dr Aviezer think of the results of the study?
A.Ridiculous.
B.Useless.
C.Unrealistic.
D.Helpful.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The results may help researchers understand how our body interacts during emotional situations.”可知，Dr Aviezer认为这些结果在某个方面对其它研究有一定的帮助。