2016届高考英语二轮复习专用素材：Module 5 A Trip Along the Three Gorges（外研版必修4）

　　Module 5 A Trip Along the Three Gorges

　　话题词汇

　　1.company n.陪伴；同伴

　　2.available adj.可用的；可得到的

　　3.departure n.启程；离开；出发

　　4.arrival n.到来；到达

　　5.intend v.想要；打算

　　6.destination n.目的地

　　7.get lost迷路

　　8.feel at home感觉自在；无拘束

　　9.settle in安顿下来；迁入新居

　　10.at one’s service为……服务

　　经典语篇

　　假设由你接待一组来自美国的中学生代表团。该团经深圳、湖南等地，在北京只停留两天。团长向你征求在北京的旅行计划，请按以下提示给出你的口头建议：

　　1.首先去长城。长城是世界最古老最长的防御墙，是世界奇迹之一，有两千多年的悠久历史，全部由人工建成，令世人惊叹。

　　2.其次是故宫。它建于1406年，曾有24位皇帝在那儿居住过；皇帝在那儿发号施令。参观它，可以更多地了解中国历史。

　　3.对其停留时间短暂深感遗憾，否则，可以参观更多的具有历史意义的地方和景区，如颐和园、北海公园等。

　　注意：词数100左右。

　　参考词汇：发号施令issue orders；令人惊奇amazing

　　佳作欣赏

　　Well，the first place that I advise you to visit① is the Great Wall，the longest and oldest wall in the world，which is said to be one of the wonders in the world②.It has a history of more than twenty centuries.It is amazing to see such a huge wall was made entirely by hand.

　　The other place worth visiting is the Palace Museum，which was built in 1406.③Twenty­four emperors once lived there.From there the ruling emperors issued orders.You can learn a lot about Chinese history by visiting this Palace.

　　What a pity that you can’t stay longer！Otherwise，you could visit many other historic places and beautiful scenes such as the Summer Palace，the Bei Hai Park.④

　　思维发散

　　1.仿照第①句用“序数词＋that定语从句”完成句子

　　随着嫦娥3号成功着陆，中国已经成了世界上第三个在月球上着陆的国家。(2016·安徽阜阳一中月考)

　　With Chang’e­3 successfully landing，China has been the third country in the world that has landed on the moon.

　　2.将第②句改为and连接的并列句

　　and it is said to be one of the wonders in the world.

　　3.将第③句改为简单句

　　The other place worth visiting is the Palace Museum built in 1406.

　　4.将第④句进行句型转换

　　Otherwise，you could visit many other historic places and beautiful scenes like the Summer Palace，the Bei Hai Park.

　　Ⅰ.重点单词

　　A.写作单词

　　1.flat (adj.)平坦的

　　2.colleague (n.)同事

　　3.goods (n.)货物

　　4.trade (vi.)做生意

　　5.exploit (vt.)开发

　　6.forbid (vt.)禁止

　　7.remote (adj.)遥远的

　　8.spot (n.)地点；场所

　　9.view (n.)视野；景色；风景；观点；(vt.)观看；看待

　　10.naturally (adv.)自然地

　　natural (adj.)自然的；天然的

　　nature (n.)大自然

　　11.surround (vt.)围绕，环绕

　　surrounding (adj.)周围的

　　surroundings (n.)环境

　　12.hilly (adj.)多山的；丘陵起伏的

　　hill (n.)山丘，小山

　　13.narrow (vi.)变狭窄；(adj.)狭窄的

　　narrowly (adv.)狭窄地；勉强地

　　14.distant (adj.)遥远的

　　distance (n.)距离

　　15.varied (adj.)多变化的

　　vary (v.)变化

　　variety (n.)多样性；种类

　　various (adj.)各种各样的

　　B.阅读单词

　　16.cave (n.)洞；山洞

　　17.peak (n.)山顶；山峰

　　18.plain (n.)平原

　　19.shore (n.)(海、湖、河等的)岸

　　20.slope (n.)斜坡

　　21.valley (n.)山谷

　　22.wood (n.)(常作复数)树林

　　23.temple (n.)寺庙

　　24.dock (n.)码头；(vi.)驶入码头

　　25.cabin (n.)船舱；机舱

　　26.lounge (n.)休息室；休息厅

　　27.mountainous (adj.)多山的

　　28.fertile (adj.)肥沃的

　　29.steep (adj.)陡峭的；险峻的

　　30.pin (n.)别针

　　31.torch (n.)手电筒

　　Ⅱ.重点短语

　　1.at the edge of在……的边缘

　　2.be heavy with有大量的……

　　3.be surrounded by被……所包围

　　4.rip off敲竹杠；敲诈

　　5.get a kick out of(俚语)从……中得到乐趣

　　6.take advantage of利用

　　7.at least至少

　　8.in the distance在远处

　　9.go through 经过；经历；通过

　　10.be against反对；违反

　　Ⅲ.经典句式

　　1.He and a colleague were to spend two years there teaching English at a teacher training college.

　　他和另一位同事将在那里的一所教师进修学院教两年英语。

　　2.We could see the sun setting behind the white pagoda.

　　我们看到太阳在白塔后西沉。

　　3.On a distant mountain was a sign in 20 foot characters.

　　远山上写着20英尺大的汉字。

　　4.Nearly 100 million people live here，most of them in the east.

　　大约有一亿人住在这里，其中大部分在东部。

　　5.I’m allowed to stick one in only if I’ve been in a place for more than 24 hours.

　　只有在一个地方呆过超过了二十四小时我才被允许自己贴一枚上去。

　　Ⅳ.课文语法填空

　　In August 1996，I 1.came(come) to the town of Fuling to teach English.2.When the first semester finished，my colleague and I had 3.a trip along the Three Gorges.We took the boat for Jiangyou and left the docks 4.on a beautiful afternoon.As the sun set we docked at Fengdu，and we could see the sun 5.setting(set) behind the white pagoda,6.which was very beautiful.

　　We missed 7.seeing(see) the first gorge，the Qutang Gorge，because of our sleeping.The next morning we went through the Wu Gorge.We passed the Xiang River，home of Qu Yuan.We had a 8.pleasant (please) time during this Gorge.As we came out of the third gorge，the Xiling Gorge，we sailed into the construction site of the dam.We 9.weren’t allowed(not allow) to get off the boat,10.so we took pictures on deck in the distance.

　　1

　　[应试指导]　过去分词作状语的考查

　　1surround...with...使……包围……

　　be surrounded with/by被……包围

　　2surrounding adj.周围的,3surroundings n.环境

　　(1)The small churchyard was surrounded by a rusted iron fence.

　　不大的教堂墓地周边围着一圈生锈的铁栅栏。

　　(2)The transplant was rejected by the surrounding tissue.

　　移植的器官受到周围组织的排斥。

　　多维训练

　　(1)用surround的正确形式填空

　　①The surrounding villages have been absorbed by the growing city.

　　②Some insects take on the color of their surroundings to protect themselves.

　　③He tried to run away but gave up when he found himself surrounded.

　　(2)同义句改写

　　The Swiss can feel secure because they are surrounded by Europe.(用过去分词短语作原因状语改写)

　　Surrounded by Europe，the Swiss can feel secure.

　　2

　　[应试指导]　后跟非谓语动词的考查

　　forbid doing sth.禁止做某事

　　forbid sb.from doing sth.禁止某人做某事

　　forbid sb.to do sth.禁止某人做某事

　　It’s forbidden to do sth.做某事是禁止的。

　　(1)He has even forbidden me from meeting my friends online at the Internet café！

　　他甚至不准我去网吧会见我的网友！

　　(2)She was shut away and forbidden to read.

　　她被关了起来，并且不允许看书。

　　多维训练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①It’s forbidden to marry(marry) someone who is not a member of the same faith.

　　②The new law forbids smoking(smoke) in offices.

　　③Everyone is forbidden to smoke(smoke) here.

　　(2)同义句改写

　　We are forbidden to play on the lawn belonging to him.(用it作形式主语改写)

　　It’s forbidden for us to play on the lawn belonging to him.

　　3

　　1on the spot当场；在现场

　　2be spotted with满是……的斑点

　　spot sb.doing...发现某人做……

　　(1)She has a white dress with blue spots.

　　她有一件白底蓝点的连衣裙。

　　(2)I finally spotted my friend in the crowd.

　　我终于在人群中发现了我的朋友。

　　(3)I was on the spot when the accident happened.

　　车祸发生时我在现场。

　　(4)The night sky is spotted with stars.

　　夜晚的天空繁星点点。

　　多维训练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①Let’s just hope the SOS sign you two build gets spotted(spot) sooner rather than later!

　　②At the entrance I spotted a man wearing(wear) a long moustache.

　　③Luckily there was a doctor on the spot when the accident happened.

　　(2)单句改错

　　①The thief was spotted run away from the entrance to the building.run→running

　　②His trousers spotted with ink.spotted前加were

　　4

　　多维训练

　　单句语法填空

　　(1)Stan trades in fossils from many countries.

　　(2)We need to trade with Western Europe more.

　　(3)I’ll trade my book for your watch.

　　(4)Having traded(trade) with European countries for so many years，he is quite familiar with European customs.

　　5 view n.个人的看法opinion，意见；观看；看；视野；从某处看到的景色，风景；v.把……视为；把……看作；看；考虑

　　多维训练

　　写出下列句子中view的汉语意思

　　(1)In this lecture，I can only give you a purely personal view of how we can live life to the full and make some suggestions about the future.观点，看法

　　(2)I walked up to the top of the hill with my friend，where we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.风景

　　(3)If we sit near the front of the bus，we’ll have a better view.视野

　　(4)I got an opportunity to view the movie before it was released.观看

　　(5)We can view the problem in many ways.考虑

　　6

　　多维训练

　　(1)Can you at least(至少) tell me what you’re building?

　　(2)We mustn’t change our principles in the least(丝毫).

　　7

　　多维训练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①The car is rather heavy on oil.

　　②The cherry trees are heavy with fruit.

　　(2)It’s quite beyond me why she married such a heavy smoker.

　　我无法理解她为什么嫁给这样一个烟鬼。

　　8 He and a colleague were to spend two years there teaching English at a teacher training college.他和另一位同事将在那里的一所教师进修学院教两年英语。

　　be to do有五层意义：,1表示预定，意为“预定”，相当于be going to do。

　　2表示义务，意为“应该”，相当于should。

　　3表示可能，意为“会做”，相当于can/could。

　　4表示命运，意为“注定”通常用于过去时，描述过去的事实。

　　5用于if...were to do，引导对将来的虚拟语气。

　　(1)He is to return from Germany tomorrow.

　　他明天将从德国回来。

　　(2)You are to be back by 9 o’clock.

　　你要在9点以前回家。

　　多维训练

　　(1)完成句子

　　①When are you to leave for home?

　　你什么时候回家？

　　②She is to be married next month.

　　她将于下个月结婚。

　　③You are to report to the police.

　　你应该报警。

　　(2)单句改错

　　If he was to play every game，maybe he could be one of the best players in the world.was→were

　　9 I’m allowed to stick one in only if I’ve been in a place for more than 24 hours.只有在一个地方呆过超过了二十四小时，我才被允许自己贴一枚上去。

　　1only if...只有……，引导真实条件句，置于句首时，主句要用倒装语序。

　　2if only...意为“要是……就好了”，常用来表示强烈的愿望或遗憾，因此主要用于虚拟语气中，用以表达强烈的愿望或非真实条件表示与现在相反的愿望用过去时；表示与过去相反的愿望用过去完成时；表示与将来相反的愿望用“would/could/might＋do”。

　　3if it were not for.../if it had not been for...要不是……；如果没有……

　　(1)This，of course，will happen only if you spend time to reflect on your life and work.

　　当然，这一切只是发生在你花时间来仔细思考你的生活跟工作之后。

　　(2)Look at the trouble I am in！If only I had followed your advice.

　　看看我现在的麻烦。要是我听了你的建议就好了。

　　(3)If it were not for the rock，we would have drowned.

　　如果没有那块岩石，我们就被淹死了。

　　多维训练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①Only if we smile(smile) at others will we do everything smoothly.

　　②If only everyone here were(be) honest.

　　③If it had not been for your help，we would never have found(never，find) the station.

　　(2)完成句子

　　①I had no information about my son.If only I hadn’t said those tough words to him.

　　还没有我儿子的消息。要是我没有对他说那些太严厉的话就好了。

　　②Only if a teacher has given permission is a student allowed to enter this room.

　　只有得到老师的允许，学生才能进入这个房间。

　　Ⅰ.语境填词

　　1.When the dog named Judy spotted(认出) the first sheep in her life，she did what comes naturally.(2015·陕西)

　　2.My work colleagues(同事) adjusted to my taking off at a moment’s notice for medical emergencies.(2015·浙江)

　　3.Malcolm will explain the history of importing natural ice and the technology of building ice wells，and how London’s ice trade(贸易) grew.(2015·全国Ⅰ)

　　4.The most popular view(看法) is that Egyptian workers slid the blocks along smooth paths.(2015·四川)

　　5.Last summer，two nineteenth century cottages were rescued from remote(遥远的) farm fields in Montana，to be moved to an Art Deco building in San Francisco.(2017·浙江)

　　6.Leaping on a narrow(狭窄的) balance beam(平衡木) is not easy.(2017·北京)

　　Ⅱ.单句语法填空

　　1.“You are forbidden to say(say) ‘one feels，’ or ‘people think’，”Lehanne told them.(2015·全国Ⅰ)

　　2.I think this is simply because people are naturally(nature) conservative(保守的) and do not like change.(2017·安徽)

　　3.Of course，they should not feed them in a close distance because the wild animals may attack people.(2017·江西)

　　4.Some stars stay calm by surrounding themselves with trusted friends and family or by escaping to remote places away from big cities.(2017·北京)

　　Ⅲ.短语填空

　　1.As you go through this book，you will find that each of the millions of people who lived through World War Ⅱ had a different experience.(2015·湖南)

　　2.To take advantage of it，Internet companies have had to get creative.(2017·浙江)

　　3.The air is heavy with the scent of flowers.

　　4.Paul wanted to be surrounded by beautiful things.

　　5.In my view，it’s a waste of time to argue with him over this matter.

　　Ⅳ.完成句子

　　1.The Public Square is an eye­catching sight of the city.There stand many stone sculptures of famous historical figures.(2017·湖北)

　　大众广场是这个城市引人注目的景点，许多历史名人的石雕矗立在那儿。

　　2.Her job was to look after the sick boy.

　　她的工作是照顾这个生病的男孩。

　　3.He being ill，we have to do the work for him.

　　他病了，我们只好替他做这项工作。

　　4.While going past that village，I saw a group of children playing by the roadside.

　　我经过那座村庄时看到一群孩子正在路边玩耍。

　　5.I told him he would succeed only if he worked hard.

　　我告诉他，只有努力才能成功。

　　写作素材 (关于野炊)

　　1.我们班打算去一个被群山环绕的遥远的村庄野炊。

　　2.它大约10公里远。

　　3.从山顶上看去风景很美。

　　4.人们生活在这美丽的自然环境里感觉很幸福。

　　5.为了不打扰人们平静的生活，政府禁止开发这个地方。

　　提示　黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用过去分词短语作定语，in order to作目的状语。

　　连句成篇 (将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)

　　Our class plans to go for a picnic in a remote village surrounded by hills.It’s about 10 kilometres distant and the view from the top of the hill is beautiful.People are happy to live in the beautiful natural surroundings.In order not to disturb people’s peaceful life，the government forbids exploiting the area.

　　Ⅰ.阅读理解

　　A

　　I was twenty­two，and in Bolivia.I’d been to every other country in South America，and now I was set on getting into Chile，the last on the list.

　　After several days，I reached the hills.It was cold，and even the distant mountains were clear.The days were lonely，but one evening I met Filomeno and his fellow teachers.They tried to persuade me not to go to Chile，saying it was a bad place，and that I would be killed.I didn’t believe them.I knew nothing of the current politics；I just wanted to go there.

　　So I walked into the mountains，feeling excited，and came to a sign with the word “Chile” on it.A frightening soldier appeared，stuck a gun in my back，and pushed me down a slope to the police station.The police chief then told me，“There’s nothing for you here.” I explained that I had come to see this beautiful country.But he was annoyed.

　　In the evening they filled me with food.There was laughter，and I was less tense.Then the police chief took me to a tiny cell.I lay down on the mattress(垫子)．Even though I had no light and none of my possessions，I felt euphoric.At least I had arrived！And what a story I’d have to tell！The next morning I was released，and I was told that Chile didn’t want me.Throwing my belongings into my backpack，I shouted and screamed at the soldiers.After all this effort I was being sent home！I stomped(以重踏步方式走) towards Bolivia expecting to feel a bullet.But I’d be back！I told myself.

　　1．The author went to Chile to

　　.

　　A．visit his friend Filomeno

　　B．settle there forever

　　C．complete his trip plan

　　D．risk his life

　　答案　C

　　解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I’d been to every other country in South America，and now I was set on getting into Chile，the last on the list.”可知我去过南美的国家了，现在我要去智利，这是我旅行名单上最后一个地方，故选C。

　　2．The underlined word “euphoric” in Paragraph 4 most probably means “

　　”．

　　A．terrible

　　B．shamed

　　C．bored

　　D．excited

　　答案　D

　　解析　词义猜测题。根据“Even though I had no light and none of my possessions，I felt euphortic.”可知虽然我什么都没有，但是我很兴奋，所以选D。

　　3．According to the last paragraph，the author lost his temper because

　　.

　　A．he was prevented from entering Chile

　　B．he was badly treated by the soldiers in Chile

　　C．it was his last chance to travel

　　D．his friends had stopped him from going to Chile

　　答案　A

　　解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知智利的警察们把我赶出去，他们阻止我进入智利，所以选A。

　　4．What is the passage mainly about?

　　A．An exciting fight with soldiers in Chile.

　　B．How the author escaped from Chile.

　　C．An adventure in Chile.

　　D．Why the author went to Chile.

　　答案　C

　　解析　主旨大意题。根据文章总体可知，我不顾一切的来到智利，最后却被警察赶出去，可知这是一次冒险的旅程，故选C。

　　B

　　Frozen fruit and vegetables can be healthier，with higher levels of vitamins and cancer fighting antioxidants (抗氧化剂)，than leafy “fresh” produce.Two independent studies found more beneficial nutrients in everything from frozen broccoli florets (西兰花) to carrots.In two out of three cases frozen fruit and vegetables scored better on antioxidant­type compounds(化合物)．Consumption of these antioxidant compounds is considered beneficial in preventing cancer and supporting the working of the body，brain，skin and eyes.

　　Produce bought from the supermarket greengrocer sections is full of color，while many stores even use fine mist sprays (喷剂) to give a just picked look.Shoppers are misled to pay an extra payment for food that they believe is good for their family’s health as well as being tasty.However，the reality is that these vegetables and fruit may well have been held in storage for a month，while they then sit in the fridge at home for days before being eaten.

　　Over the days，they gradually deteriorate，slowly losing some of the nutrients associated with leafy greens and fruit.By contrast，frozen vegetables and fruit are chilled(冷藏) soon after harvest and so keep higher levels of vitamins and antioxidants until they are eaten.

　　Two teams，one from Leatherhead Food Research and the other from the University of Chester，carried out 40 tests to measure nutrient levels in produce which had been sitting in a fridge for three days and the frozen equivalent (相等物)．The findings show that eating newly picked produce is the healthiest option；however，frozen food can be almost as good and is often better than items sold as “fresh”．Leatherhead’s Dr Rachel Burch said，“We must ignore the mistaken opinion that fresh food is always better for us than frozen food.”

　　These results show that frozen food can be nutritionally comparable to fresh produce.Direct comparison：In two out of three cases frozen fruit and vegetables scored better on antioxidant­type compounds including Vitamin C，polyphenols and anthocyanins (多酚和花青素)，a study found.Her team found frozen broccoli had higher levels of Vitamin C．However，fresh food scored better on polyphenols，which are thought to help prevent cancer.

　　5．What does the passage mainly tell us?

　　A．Fresh food is better than frozen food.

　　B．Frozen food might cause cancer.

　　C．Frozen food is as good as fresh food.

　　D．Frozen food is better than “fresh” food.

　　答案　D

　　解析　主旨大意题。阅读短文可知这篇短文主要讲述了冷冻食品的好处，并通过测试进行了说明。故选项D“冷冻食品比‘新鲜’食品更健康”符合本文主题。

　　6．Why do some supermarkets spray fine mist on fruit and vegetables?

　　A．To keep them in good quality.

　　B．To make them taste good.

　　C．To make them look fresh.

　　D．To make them sell cheaply.

　　答案　C

　　解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“while many stores even use fine mist sprays (喷剂) to give a just picked look”可知这些商家喷雾是为了让蔬菜看起来更新鲜。故选C。

　　7．What does the underlined word “deteriorate” in Paragraph 3 mean?

　　A．Grow worse.

　　B．Grow better.

　　C．Remain the same.

　　D．Die out.

　　答案　A

　　解析　词义猜测题。联系后半句“slowly losing some of the nutrients associated with leafy greens and fruit”可知此处指的是它们慢慢变坏了。故选A。

　　8．What is more helpful in preventing cancer?

　　A．Vitamin C.

　　B．Frozen fruit and vegetables.

　　C．Fresh fruit and vegetables.

　　D．Anthocyanins.

　　答案　C

　　解析　细节理解题。根据短文最后一句“However，fresh food scored better on polyphenols，which are thought to help prevent cancer.”可知新鲜食物更能防癌。故选C。

　　Ⅱ.七选五

　　The relationship between parents and teachers is important in the development of a child.The good communication between them is communication that says，“I care about my child，and I value school.”The best way a parent can show how much he or she values learning is by sending a prepared child to school every day.

　　9

　　Once a child gets behind in class，catching up can be difficult.

　　Parents and teachers are partners in student development.A school community is built on relationships established among children，teachers and children’s families.

　　Here are tips for creating a positive relationship with your child’s teacher.

　　Meet with your child’s teacher in the fall.

　　10

　　—his or her special needs，outside activities，health，and home study habits.

　　Look for the positive.

　　11

　　Share with your child’s teacher something you particularly appreciated regarding the teacher’s role in the academic and/or social development of your child.

　　Let the teacher know that you want to support the work that is being done in class.Ask for suggestions for expanding school activities into home activities.

　　12

　　You can send a note of thanks when something special takes place in the classroom and your child is involved.

　　Be willing to participate in or set up a conference when you or your child’s teacher feels a special meeting is needed，such as...

　　•

　　13

　　•Your child seems to be deeply upset about something that happened at school.

　　A．When a child is absent from school，important lessons may be missed.

　　B．Phone your child’s teacher if necessary.

　　C．The teachers need to feel appreciated for the job they do.

　　D．This is a good time for the teacher to learn more about your child.

　　E．Express your appreciation to the teacher.

　　F．The beginning of every term is very important.

　　G．There is a dramatic drop in your child’s grades.

　　答案　9.A　10.D　11.C　12.E　13.G

　　Ⅲ.短文改错

　　Never shall I forget the first English lesson giving by Miss Liu.One Monday morning，when she entered in the classroom，we found that she was young and beautiful lady.Then she introduced her and said they shouldn’t call her Teacher Liu but Miss Liu.Late，she let us go to the blackboard and said something about ourselves in English in turn.When it was my turn，I felt too shy that I didn’t dare to say anything before the class.She went up to me and said kind，“Don’t be afraid.I believe you can do it well.” At last，I went to the blackboard.

　　She praised me for that I had done.

　　答案

　　Never shall I forget the first English lesson

　　by Miss Liu.One Monday morning，when she entered in

　　the classroom，we found that she was

　　young and beautiful lady.Then she introduced

　　and said

　　shouldn’t call her Teacher Liu but Miss Liu.，she let us go to the blackboard and

　　something about ourselves in English in turn.When it was my turn，I felt

　　shy that I didn’t dare to say anything before the class.She went up to me and said ，“Don’t be afraid.I believe you can do it well.” At last，I went to the blackboard.

　　She praised me for

　　I had done.