2016年湖北武汉市高考英语阅读理解二轮基础训练（38）（含答案）
【阅读理解】
Below is a selection about some Guinness(吉尼斯) World Records.
Top 6 Unusual Guinness World Records
◆Fastest 100 m running on all fours
The 2008 Guinness World Records Day was, according to GWR，their biggest day of recordbreaking ever, with more than 290,000 people taking part in record attempts in 15 different countries. Kenichi Ito's record attempt was part of this special day. He is just another example of Japanese with “super powers”. His “super power” is to run with great speed on all fours. Kenichi Ito ran 100 m on all fours in 18.58 seconds. The Japanese set this record at Setagaya Kuritsu Sogo Undojyo, Tokyo, in 2008.
◆Most people inside a soap bubble◆Longest ears on a dog◆Most living generations
Did you ever wonder what is the Guinness World Record for most living generations in one family? Seven is the answer.
The ultimate authority on recordbreaking mentions on the website that the youngest greatgreatgreatgreat grandparent of this family was Augusta Bung “aged 109 years 97 days, followed by her daughter aged 89, her granddaughter aged 70, her great granddaughter aged 52, her greatgreat granddaughter aged 33 and her greatgreatgreat granddaughter aged 15 on the birth of her greatgreatgreatgreat grandson on January 21, 1989”．
◆Most Tshirts worn at once◆Heaviest pumpkin
1．Why is Kenichi Ito described as a man with a “super power”？
A．He set a good example to all Japanese.
B．He made record attempts in 15 different countries.
C．He set a new record for “Fastest 100 m running on all fours”．
D．He participated in the 2008 Guinness World Records Day activities.
2．Jeffries is the name of ________.
A．the owner of the dog with the longest ears
B．the grandfather of the dog with the longest ears
C．the present holder of the record for “Longest ears on a dog”
D．the former holder of the record for “Longest ears on a dog”
3．How many Tshirts had Krunoslav Budiseli put on before he felt it difficult to go on?A．68.
B．120.
C．238.
D．245.
4．According to the given information, which Guinness World Record was most recently set?
A．The record for “Most people inside a soap bubble”．
B．The record for “Most living generations”．
C．The record for “Most Tshirts worn at once”．
D．The record for “Heaviest pumpkin”．
【要点综述】本文是一篇应用文，主要向读者介绍6个不同寻常的吉尼斯世界纪录的情况。
. C 细节理解题。从第一则纪录中提到的He is just another…super powers…Kenichi Ito ran 100 m on all fours…知，Kenichi Ito创造了最新的最快的100米“四肢爬”纪录，所以选C项。
. D 细节理解题。从文章第三则纪录中Mr. Jeffries is the previous record holder of this title…可以知道，Mr. Jeffries是前纪录保持者，所以选D项。
. B 细节理解题。从第五则纪录中…The Tshirts weighed 68 kg and Budiseli said he began struggling around Tshirt No. 120…可以知道Budiseli在穿了120件T恤后感觉有点困难再穿上T恤了，所以选B项。
4. A 推理判断题。从文章的纪录中可以知道，A项是2011年4月4日创造的；B项是1989年1月21日创造的；C项是2010年5月22日创造的；D项是2010年10月9日创造的，由此知A项是最近时间创造的，所以选A项。阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。People believed for a long time that the heart was the center of a person's emotions. That is why the word "heart" is used in so many expressions about emotional situations.
One such expression is to "lose your heart" to someone. When that happens, you have fallen in love. But if the person who won your heart does not love you, then you are sure to have a "broken heart." In your pain and sadness, you may decide that the person you loved is "hard-hearted," and in fact, has a "heart of stone."
You may decide to "pour out your heart" to a friend. Telling someone about your personal problems can often make you feel better.
If your friend does not seem to understand how painful your broken heart is, you may ask her to "have a heart." You are asking your friend to show some sympathy for your situation. Your friend "has her heart in the right place" if she says she is sorry, and shows great concern for how you feel.
Your friend may, however, warn you not to "wear your heart on your sleeve." In other words, do not let everyone see how lovesick you are. When your heart is on your sleeve you are showing your deepest emotions.
If your friend says "my heart bleeds for you," she means the opposite. She is a cold-hearted person who does not really care about your situation.
In the ever-popular motion picture, "The Wizard of Oz,"（绿野仙踪） the Tin Man seeks a heart. He wanted to feel the emotion of love, and was seeking help from the powerful Wizard of Oz to find a heart.
The Cowardly Lion, in the same movie, did “have a heart”. But he lacked courage and wanted to ask the Wizard of Oz to give him some. You could say that the cowardly lion was "chicken-hearted." That is another way of describing someone who is not very brave. A chicken is not noted for its bravery. Thus, someone who is chicken-hearted does not have much courage.
When you are frightened or concerned, your "heart is in your mouth." You might say, for example, that your heart was in your mouth when you asked a bank to lend you some money to pay for a new house.
1．What is the main idea of the passage?
A．The heart was the center of a person's emotions.
B．There are many expressions about heart and what do they mean.
C．We should learn some expressions about “heart”.
D．It is important to learn some expressions about “heart”
2．How many expressions about “Heart” are mentioned in the passage?
A.10
B.8
C.9
D.11
．If you hear one of your family members is hurt in a traffic accident, you will feel ________.
A.heart is in your mouth.
B.have your heart in the right place
C. wear your heart on your sleeve
D.lose your heart
．Why did the writer mention"The Wizard of Oz,"in the passage?
A. To show that it is ever popular.
B. To introduce a film to the readers
C. To give some more examples about the phrases.
D. To show that the Tin Man is not brave.B
D
A
C
阅读理解。
A friend of mine named Paul received an expensive car from his brother as a Christmas present. On Christmas Eve when Paul came out of his office, a street urchin (顽童was walking around the shining car. "Is this your car, Paul?" he asked.
Paul answered, "Yes, my brother gave it to me for Christmas." The boy was surprised. "You mean your brother gave it to you and it didn't cost you anything. Boy, I wish..."He hesitated (犹豫).
Of course Paul knew what he was going to wish for. He was going to wish he had a brother like that. But what the boy said surprised Paul greatly.
"I wish," the boy went on, "that I could be a brother like that." Paul looked at the boy in surprise, then he said again; "Would you like to take a ride in my car?" "Oh, yes, I'd love that." After a short ride, the boy turned and with his eyes shining, said, "Paul, would you mind driving in front of my house?"
Paul smiled a little. He thought he knew what the boy wanted. He wanted to show his neighbors that he could ride home in a big car. But Paul was wrong again. "Will you stop where those two steps are?" the boy asked.
He ran up to the steps. Then in a short while Paul heard him coming back, but he was not coming fast. He was carrying his little crippled ( 残疾 ) brother. He sat him down on the step and pointed to the car.
"There he is, Buddy, just like I told you upstairs. His brother gave it to him for Christmas and it didn't cost him a cent. And some day I'm going to give you one just like it. Then you can see for yourself all the nice things in the Christmas window that I've been trying to tell you about."
Paul got out and lifted the boy to the front seat of his car. The shining-eyed older brother climbed in beside him and three of them began an unforgettable holiday ride.
1. The street urchin was very surprised when______________ .
A. Paul received an expensive car
B. Paul told him about the car C. he saw the shining car
D. he was walking around the car
2. From the story we can see the urchin_____________ .
A. wished to give his brother a car
B. wanted Paul's brother to give him a car
C. wished he could have a brother like Paul's
D. wished Paul could be a brother like that
3. The urchin asked Paul to stop his car in front of his house______________ .
A. to show his neighbours the big car
B. to show he had a rich friend C. to let his brother ride in the car
D. to tell his brother about his wish
4. We can infer from the story that______________.
A. Paul couldn't understand the urchin
B. the urchin had a deep love for his brother
C. the urchin wished to have a rich brother
D. the urchin's wish came true in the end
71. The best title of the story is__________ .
A. A Christmas Present
B. A Street Urchin
C. A Brother Like That
D. An Unforgettable Holiday Ride
【参考答案】1—4、B A D B C
【2016高考训练】阅读理解—推理判断题。
When most of us hear the word chocolate. the verb that comes to mind is probably ”eat”|, not “drink”, and the most proper adjective would seem to be “sweet”. But for about 90 percent of chocolate's long history, it was strictly a beverage(饮料), and sugar didn't have anything to do with it.
The Origin of Chocolate
Many modern historians have estimated that chocolate has been around for about 2,000 years, but recent research suggests that in may be even older.
In the book The True HISTOUY OF Chocolate, authors Sophie and Michael Coe prove that the earliest linguistic(语言学的) evidence of chocolate consumption dates back three or even four thousand years.
Valuable and Fashionable Chocolate Beverage
It's hard to discover exactly when chocolate was born, but it's clear that in was cherished from the start. For several centuries in pre-modern Latin America, cacao beans were considered valuable enough to use as currency. 100 beans could purchase a good turkey hen, according to a 16th-century Aztec document.
Sweetened chocolate didn't appear until Europeans discovered the Americas and sampled(品尝) the native cuisine . Chocolate didn't suit the foreigners' taste at first—one described it in his writings as “a bitter drink for pigs” —but once mixed with honey or cane sugar, it quickly became popular throughout Spain. By the 17th century, chocolate was a fashionable drink throughout Europe, believed to have nutritious, medicinal functions. But it remained largely a privilege of the rich until the invention of the steam engine made mass production possible in the late 1700s.
The Birth of Solid chocolate
In 1828, a Dutch chemist found a way to make powdered chocolate. His product became known as “Dutch cocoa”, and it soon led to the creation of solid chocolate. In 1847, Joseph Fry created the first modern chocolate bar. By 1868, a little company called Cadbury was marketing boxes of chocolate candies in England. Milk chocolate hit the marked a few years later.
Prosperous Chocolate Industry
In America, chocolate was so valued during the Revolutionary War that it was used instead of wages . Even now, statistics show that the humble cacao bean is still a powerful economic fore. Chocolate manufacturing is a more than 4-billion-dollar industry in the United States, and the average American eats at least half a pound of the stuff per month.
The earliest chocolate was most probably
.
A dish
B. a drink
C. a bar
D. a candy
It can be inferred from the passage that
.
The history of chocolate is at most 4,000 years.
People around the world could buy things with chocolate
Chocolate was well paid attention to since it was born
An American at least eats a pound of chocolate per month
Why did chocolate suit the Spanish's taste so quickly?
Because chocolate was so tasty and bitter.
Because chocolate was believed to be a source of nutrition.
Because chocolate was sweetened with honey of cane sugar.
Because chocolate became a fashionable beverage.
Which one shows the correct order according to the time of their appearing?
Chocolate beverage→chocolate bar → chocolate candies→ milk chocolate
Chocolate bar→ chocolate beverage→ chocolate candies→ milk chocolate
Chocolate bar→ chocolate candies→ milk chocolate → chocolate beverage
Chocolate beverage→ chocolate candies→ chocolate bar → milk chocolate
语篇解读
本文是说明文，讲述了巧克力的简单历史。
B 细节理解题。根据首段可知，人们普遍认为巧克力是用来吃的，而且是很甜的，然而巧克力在发展史上大部分的时间是一种苦涩的饮料。故选B
C 推理判断题。 根据第四段中的首句“… but it's clear that it was cherished from the start.”可知巧克力从诞生起就受到人们的珍爱。故选C
C 推理判断题。由第五段的第二句“… but once mixed with honey or cane sugar, it quickly became popular throughout Spain.” 可知巧克力饮料被混合蜂蜜或蔗糖变甜以后，就迅速爱到西班牙人的欢迎。故选C。
A
推理判断题。由文章叙述巧克力历史的过程可知巧克力饮料是最早的形式再根据倒数第二段中三个事件发生的顺序和首段一句可知A项是按时间顺序叙述巧克力的演变史。