2016年陕西汉中市高考英语二轮阅读理解选练（22）（含答案）
阅读理解
Batteries are included, but the charger’s not. The Nokia E-Cu concept phone doesn’t need to plug in; it charges from any heat source. Designer Patrick Hyland says it can even work off the warmth of your pocket. The first time“it would take approximately seven hours to reach full charge, then after that it’s continuously charging by keeping the phone in areas between 86 degrees and 104 degrees Fahrenheit. ”That’s one hot pocket.
He’s put a thermo generator(热偶发电器)inside the phone that transforms heat into electric potential energy. To better conduct the heat to that little power plant in your pocket, the E-Cu(E for energy, Cu for copper)is coated by copper backing with heat sinks like those normally used to keep electronics from overheating.
Nokia doesn’t have current plans to build the phone, so for now it remains a concept. But Hyland says he’s open to anyone who wants to cooperate.
For Americans this technology would certainly be convenient. It would also save a bit on energy bills and waste. “Annually, unwanted phone chargers produce 51, 000 tons of waste in addition to the greenhouse gases created by the production of the electricity needed to charge them, ”Hyland says. So a charger-free phone is also a green phone. Though adapting our plug-in habits would help a group of people, most cell phone related energy use comes from leaving your charger plugged in all day unnecessarily.
The real potential for charger-free cell phone technology is what it could enable places where plugging in isn’t an option, like rural areas in the developing world.
Cell phones are spreading faster than power lines and bringing with them countless opportunities, aid and health advances. A phone like the E-Cu, if it ever comes to be, would enable all manner of expanded aid and development by phone projects. Let’s hope Patrick finds a partner.
【文章大意】本文介绍的是一种不用插入电源、在口袋里即可获得电能的手机。
1. What do we know about the E-Cu phone?
A. It doesn’t have a battery or a charger.
B. It is properly marketed and sells well.
C. It’s continuously charging from any area.
D. It has a highly conductive copper cover.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段“. . . the E-Cu(E for energy, Cu for copper)is coated by copper backing with heat sinks like those normally used to keep electronics from overheating. ”可知, 这种手机有一个铜制的后盖, 可以防止电器过热, 所以有一个导热性很强的盖子。
2. What’s the function of the underlined part“heat sinks”in Paragraph 2?
A. To give off heat.
B. To measure heat.
C. To turn up heat.
D. To supply heat.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。画线部分后面“. . . like those normally used to keep electronics from overheating. ”作出了解释, 说明是用来散热的。
3. From the last two paragraphs we can know that .
A. Patrick is not ready to cooperate with others
B. power lines spread every corner of the world
C. phone projects may help solve the energy crisis
D. phones like the E-Cu have huge potential benefits
【解析】选D。推理判断题。从后两段看出, 即使在没有电源的地方也可以使用这种手机, 结合“countless opportunities, aid and health advances”判断, 这种手机潜力无限、前景广阔。
4. What is the best title of the text?
A. Designer Patrick Hyland
B. Nokia Concept Phone on Sale
C. Charging Your Phone from Pockets
D. Benefiting from Phone Technology
【解析】选C。主旨大意题。全文介绍了这种没有电源也可以使用的手机。所以选C。
阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
Human resource experts say cultural differences explain why Asian companies try harder to preserve jobs in difficult times, which will prevent unemployment and may help Asian economies survive at a time of slowing exports. The East Asian attitude may also make it easier for companies to recover quickly from the economic downturn since they will not need to rehire or train new staff, but build up a more loyal and devoted group.
"In the Confucian mindset(儒家思想), the right thing to do is to share the burden, which is the sense of collective responsibility. While in the West, it's more about individual survival," said Michael Benoliel, associate professor of organizational behavior at Singapore Management University (SMU).
In contrast, local Western companies from General Motors to Goldman Sachs plan to lay off workers by the thousands, but at the Asian units of Western multinationals or western units of Asian groups, job cuts will probably be less severe.
Japan's jobless rate was 4 percent in September, up from 3.8 percent in January, while Hong Kong's was flat at 3.4 percent. But US unemployment is expected to have jumped to 6.3 percent last month from below 5 percent in January.
Experts say that while there are noticeable differences in labor practices in East and West, the gap will narrow as more firms become more multinational and competition forces firms to adopt the best practices of rivals(对手) from abroad.
1. The underlined word "prospect" in the first paragraph most probably means _________.
A. future
B. scene
C. weather
D. place
2. Compared with job cuts, pay cuts can bring the following benefits EXCEPT that _________.
A. it's helpful to the economy recovery
B. it can form a team working harder and more loyally
C. it will keep the experienced and skilled workers
D. it costs the company less money to survive
3. According to Michael Benoliel, the Confucian mindset focuses on _________.
A. human rights
B. personal profits
C. sharing responsibility
D. individual survival
4. The passage mainly tells us ________.
A. the difficulties all the companies around the world will meet with today
B. the different labor solutions of Asian and Western in global recession
C. the ways to cut down the cost of the companies in economic downturn
D. the cultural differences between Eastern and Western world at present
参考答案1—4、ADCB
阅读理解。
For those who study the development of intelligence（智力）in the animal world, self-awareness is an important measurement. An animal that is aware（意识）of itself has a high
level of intelligence.
Awareness can be tested by studying whether the animal recognizes itself in the mirror, that is, its own reflected image（反射出的影像）．Many animals fail this exercise bitterly, paying very little attention to the reflected image. Only humans, and some intelligent animals like apes and dolphins, have been shown to recognize that the image in the mirror is of themselves.
Now another animal has joined the club. In the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, researchers report that an Asian elephant has passed the mirror self-reflection test. "We thought that elephants were the next important animal," said Diana Reiss of the Wildlife Conservation Society, an author of the study with Joshua M. Plotnik and Fans B．M. de Waal of Emory University. With their large brains, Reiss said, elephants "seemed like cousins to apes and
dolphins."
The researchers tested Happy, Maxine and Patty, three elephants at the Bronx Zoo. They put
an 8-foot-square mirror on a wall of the animals' play area (out of the sight of zoo visitors) and recorded what happened with cameras, including one built in the mirror.
The elephants used their long noses to find what was behind it, and to examine parts of their bodies.
Of the three, Happy then passed the test, in which a clear mark was painted on one side of her face. She could tell the mark was there by looking in the mirror, and she used the mirror to touch the mark with her long nose.
Diana Reiss said, "We knew elephants were intelligent, but now we can talk about their intelligence in a better way."
1. What can mirror tests tell us about animals?
A. Whether they have large brains.
B ．Whether they have self-awareness.
C. Whether they enjoy outdoor exercises.
D. Whether they enjoy playing with mirrors.
2. Why does the author mention apes and dolphins in the text?
A. They are most familiar to readers.
B ．They are big favorites with zoo visitors.
C. They are included in the study by Reiss.
D. They are already known to be intelligent.
3. What made Happy different from Maxine and Patty?
A. She used her nose to search behind the mirror.
B. She recognized her own image in the mirror.
C. She painted a mark on her own face.
D. She found the hidden camera.
【参考答案】1---3、BDB
阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
(2017·天津模拟)
I heard many parents complaining that their teenage children are rebelling(叛逆). I wish it were so. At your age you ought to be growing away from your parents. You should be learning to stand on your own feet. But take a good look at the present rebellion. It seems that teenagers are taking the same way of showing that they disagree with their parents. Instead of striking out boldly on their own, most of them are clutching(紧握)at one another’s hands for reassurance(安慰).
They claim they want to dress as they please. But they all wear the same clothes.
Then set off in new directions in music. But somehow they all end up with listening to the same record together. Their reason for thinking or acting in thus-and-such a way is that many people are doing it. They have come out of their cocoon(茧)into a larger cocoon.
It has become harder and harder for a teenager to stand up against the popularity wave and go his or her own way. Industry has firmly carved out a teenage market. These days every teenager can learn from the advertisements what a teenager should have and be.
And many of today’s parents have come to award high marks for the popularity of their children. All this adds to a great barrier(障碍)for the teenager who wants to find his or her own path.
But the barrier is worth climbing over. The path is worth following. You may want to listen to classical music instead of going to a party. You may want to collect rocks when everyone else is collecting records. You may have some thoughts that you don’t care to share with your classmates at once, well, go to it. Find yourself. Popularity will come with the people who respect you for who you are. That is the only kind of popularity that really counts.
【文章大意】本文鼓励青少年要有自己独立的思维, 不要依赖父母或随波逐流。
1. In this passage, the author wants to tell.
A. teenagers how to learn to decide things for themselves
B. readers how to be popular with people around
C. parents how to control and guide their children
D. people how to understand and respect each other
【解析】选A。主旨大意题。根据第一段中“At your age you ought to be growing away from your parents. You should be learning to stand on your own feet. ”可知A项正确。
. According to the author, many teenagers think they are brave enough to act on their own, but in fact, most of them .
A. have much difficulty understanding each other
B. lack confidence
C. dare not cope with problems single-handed
D. are much afraid of getting lost
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句及第二段内容可知, 他们想我行我素, 但结果却随波逐流。
. What does the author think of advertisements?
A. Convincing.
B. Influential.
C. Instructive.
D. Authoritative(权威的).
【解析】选B。推理判断题。第三段提到青少年很难不受流行趋势的影响。今天, 青少年们可以从广告中知道青少年应该有什么, 应该成为什么样的人, 这说明广告对青少年是有影响力的。
. During the teenage years, one should learn to.
A. differ from others in as many ways as possible
B. get into the right reason and become popular
C. find one’s real self
D. rebel against parents and the popularity wave
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“You may have some thoughts that you don’t care to share with your classmates at once, well, go to it. Find yourself. ”可知C项正确。阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
Welcome to Arundel Castle which is situated in West Sussex, England. The castle has a history of nearly 1000 years and has welcomed visitors traveling from all over the world. Arundel Castle also plays a starring role in many films.
The Gardens
The White Garden is planted with soft white Iceberg Roses, and Snow White Lilies.
The Rose Garden is newly planted with lovely old-fashioned English roses that are at their very best in June and July.
The Organic Kitchen Garden produces a wide range of seasonal fruit and vegetables, pears, cherries and apples.
The Castle Shop
In the Castle Shop, you will discover a wide and interesting range of gift ideas for everyone. It offers gifts and souvenirs designed to appeal to all tastes and pockets. Foods, china, books, and stationery (文具)are all available. Many are sold in this Castle Shop only.
At Arundel Castle we pride ourselves on supporting local suppliers and actively encourage environmentally friendly products.
The Arundel Festival 2017
Saturday 16th to Monday 25th August
The annual Arundel Festival gets bigger and better every year. It is one of the most amazing, diverse and easily accessible arts festivals in the UK, offering a mix of visual arts, music, theatre and street entertainment.
Parking
Coaches and mini-buses can drop off at the main Castle entrance in Mill Road and park in the main town car park that is opposite the Castle entrance. Please inform us when making your booking of how many parking permits are required.
1. When visiting the castle, you can____________.
A. get old-fashioned English roses as gifts
B. buy eco-friendly products in the Castle Shop
C. get seasonal fruit and vegetables for free
D. see how the local gifts are being made
2. How long does the Arundel Festival last this year?
A. 10 days B. One week C. 16 days D. One month
3. Where can you park the coach?
A. In Mill Road
B. Inside the Castle
C. In the main town car park
D. At the main Castle entrance
参考答案1—3、BAC