河南罗山县2017高考英语阅读理解一轮精编题（三）
2016高考训练题----阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。A young man returns to his hometwon of Aractataca, Colombia. He visits the house where he lived as a child. Here, he remembers the most important memories of his childhood. Standing in front of his old house, the young man makes an important decision. He says to himself, “I will start my life over again. I will become a writer.”
This man is the world famous writer. Gabriel Garica Marquez.
Gabriel Garcia Marquez was born on March 6,1928. During his early life, Garcia Marquez’s grandmother and grandfather told him many stories. His grandmother would tell him legends as if they were real. Garcia Marquez says that his grandmother’s way of storytelling later influenced his own methods.
When Garcia Marquez was about 20 years old, he left Aracataca and attended university in Bogota. He began studying law because this was what his father wanted him to study. However, Garcia Marquez was not happy.
During this time Garcia Marquez returned to Aracataca. It was on this visit that he realized he must stop studying law. And he recognized that he must return to the dream of his childhood-writing. For the next few years, Garcia Marquez wrote for many different newspapers. And in 1955, he published his first book called “Leaf Storm”.
For many years, Garcia Marquez knew he wanted to write about his grandfather’s house in Aracataca. To write this book, Garcia Marquez and his wife had to sell almost all of their possessions to survive. But their act was worth it. The book, “One Hundred Years of Solitude” was immediately successful. And this book created a path for Garcia Marquez’s future success.
In 1982, Gabriel Garcia Marquez was given the Nobel Prize in Literature for his book “One Hundred Years of Solitude”, making him the first Colombian and the fourth Latin American to win a Nobel Prize in Literature.
1. Who influenced Garcia Marquez’s writing style?
A. His grandfather.
B. His grandmother.
C. His father.
D. His wife.
2. Garcia decided to take up writing
.
A. when he worked for a newspaper
B. under the influence of his family
C. when he graduated from college
D. after a visit to his hometown
3. Garcia’s book “One Hundred Years of Solitude”
.
A. was written in the 1950s
B. enjoyed a quick success
C. helped Garcia lead a better life
D. was about Garcia’s grandfather
4. What do we know from the text about Garcia Marquez?
A. He is the first Latin American to win a Nobel Prize in Literature.
B. His book “Leaf Storm” marked his great success in literature.
C. He wrote for newspapers before publishing his own books.
D. He followed his father’s wish to become a writer.
参考答案1---4、BDBC
【广东省深圳市2017高考英语第一次调研考试】
Neil Kerwin became American University’s(AU) 14th president in September 2007. Kerwin joined AU in 1975 and has held numerous department and leadership positions, including head of the School of Public Affairs. In this interview, he speaks about developing leadership among AU students and inspiring them to public service and the lessons he has learned as the president of American University.
“The longer I do this kind of work, the clearer it is to me that leadership is a collective activity. This happens here at American University hundreds of times every day at every level of the doing and managing hard work to reach those goals. Simply, leadership cannot be the field or responsibility of one person or a small group at the top. At its best, it is up to the organization.”
“A president’s role is to make that clear, ensure
it
happens, and provide space, ideas, encouragement and acknowledgment of accomplishments. Vision(有远见卓识) is important, but one that colleagues have not contributed to or are not widely shared will not serve the purpose. I have also learned delegation(授权) is also important to success and that it is a process of constant adjustment, not a single act. No one is perfect in the work we do, and by recognizing this, you’re developing a healthy culture that supports reform. And, of course, none of this relieves the president of most responsibility for the institution, and the need to be clearly and visibly accountable.”
“Another lesson is that crises(危机) assume a life of their own. They are a great time to learn and a bad time to plan. It is when times are good and stable that you need to examine the things that are of the greatest risk to your organization in the long term. As a leader, you must be able to provide the energy and motivation among your employees to ask these difficult questions, because difficult times will come.”
41．According to Neil Kerwin, leadership mainly depends on
.
A．the president himself
B．students in the university
C．small group at the top
D．the organization itself
42．In the third paragraph, “ it ” means
.
A．the management
B．the leadership
C．the responsibility
D．the institution
43．What are the important qualities of leadership mentioned in the third paragraph?
A．Vision and delegation.
B．Adjustment and contribution.
C．Responsibility and accountability.
D．Encouragement and acknowledgment.
44．What does the author mean by saying,“…difficult times will come.”?
A．Crises provide us with energy.
B．Crises are quite likely to happen.
C．Crises are the greatest risks.
D．Crises help people make changes.
45．What does the passage mainly tell us about?
A．The lessons Neil learned in University.
B．The difficulty Neil has in his office.
C．Neil’s opinion on leadership.
D．Neil’s motivation and organization.
D篇是一篇说明文。Neil Kerwin 作为美国大学的校长在采访中谈到了他对领导力的理解以及他在担任校长期间所获得的教训。
41. 答案为D。考查细节理解的能力。根据文章第二段最后一句可知。
42. 答案为B。考查对代词的指代意义的理解能力。根据上文，第二段可知。
43. 答案为A。考查细节理解的能力。根据第三段内容理解可知。
44. 答案为B。考查推理判断能力。读懂文章最后一段可知。
45. 答案为C。考查文章主旨理解能力。理解文章主旨可知。
【2016模拟题】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Fear may be felt in the heart as well as in the head，according to a study that has found a link between the cycles of a beating heart and the chance of someone feeling fear. Tests on healthy volunteers found that they were more likely to feel a sense of fear at the moment when their hearts are contracting(收缩)and pumping blood around their bodies，compared with the point when the heartbeat is relaxed. Scientists say the results suggest that the heart is able to influence how the brain responds to a fearful event，depending on which point it is at in its regular cycle of contraction and relaxation. Sarah Garfinkel at the Brighton and Sussex Medical School said：“Our study shows for the first time that the way in which we deal with fear is different depending on when we see fearful pictures in relation to our heart.” The study tested 20 healthy volunteers on their reactions to fear as they were shown pictures of fearful faces. Dr Garfinkel said，“The study showed that fearful faces are better noticed when the heart is pumping than when it is relaxed. Thus our hearts can also affect what we see and what we don't see—and guide whether we see fear.” To further understand this relationship，the scientists also used a brain scanner to show how the brain influences the way the heart changes a person's feeling of fear. “We have found an important mechanism by which the heart and brain ‘speak’ to each other to change our feelings and reduce fear，” Dr Garfinkel said. “We hope that by increasing our understanding about how fear is dealt with and ways that it could be reduced, we may be able to develop more successful treatments for anxiety disorders，and also for those who may be suffering from serious stress disorder.” 25．What is the finding of the study? A. One's fast heartbeats are likely to cause fear. B. Fear is a result of one's relaxed heartbeat. C. Fear has something to do with one's health.D. One's heart affects how he feels fear. 26．The study was carried out by analyzing ________.
A. volunteers' reactions to horrible pictures and data from their brain scans
B. the time volunteers saw fearful pictures and their health conditions C. volunteers' heartbeats when they saw terrible pictures D. different pictures shown to volunteers and their heart－brain communication 27．Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “mechanism” in
Paragraph 6? A. Order.
B. Machine. C. System.
D. Treatment. 28．This study may contribute to ________． A. explaining the cycle of fear and anxietyB. treating anxiety and stress better
C. finding the key to the heart－brain communication D. understanding different fears in our hearts and heads
【参考答案】25—28 DACB
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
Today, in many high schools, teaching is now a technical miracle of computer labs, digital cameras, DVD players and laptops. Teachers can e-mail parents, post messages for students on online bulletin(公告，告示) boards, and take attendance with a quick movement of a mouse.
Even though we are now living in the digital age, the basic and most important element of education has not changed. Most students still need that one-on-one, teacher-student relationship to learn and to succeed. Teenagers need instruction in English, math or history, but they also want personal advice and encouragement. Kids talk with me about their families, their weekend plans, their favorite TV shows and their relationship problems. In my English and journalism classes, we talk about Shakespeare and persuasive(富有哲理的) essays, but we also discuss college basketball, the war in Iraq and career choices. Students show me pictures of their rebuilt cars, their family vacations, and their newborn baby brothers. This personal connection is the necessary link between teachers and students that no amount of technology can improve upon or replace.
A few years ago I had a student in sophomore English who was struggling with my class and with school in general. Although he was a humorous young man who liked to joke around, I knew his family life was far from ideal. Whenever I approached him about missing homework or low test grades, he always had the same reply, “It doesn't matter because I'm quitting school anyway.” Even though he always said this in a half-teasing way, I knew he needed to hear my different opinion and my “value of a high school education” lecture. He needed to hear this speech from me. After he left my class, he struggled through the next two years of school. But, he did finally graduate because we kept telling him to hang in there. We’d cared about him finishing school.
Recently, I saw this former student working at a local Italian restaurant. I told him again how proud I was of him. He said that he was hoping to go back to school to become a certified electrician. I encouraged him to get that training.
Students rely on compassionate teachers to guide, to tutor, to listen, to laugh and to cry with them. Teachers provide the most important link in the educational process—the human one.
41. The first paragraph mainly talks about _____________.
A. the variety of modern teaching methods.
B. the wide use of modern technology in education
C. the importance of teacher-parent relationship.
D. the importance of using modern technology.
42. The underlined word “ compassionate” in Para 5 means ____________.
A. ambitious
B. knowledgeable
C. sympathetic
D. generous
43. According to the text, the most important element in education is _________.
A. teachers’ good instruction
B. advanced technology
C. teachers’ encouragement
D. personal connection
44. The author states his view of education by __________.
A. example
B. description
C. figure
D. comparison
【参考答案】41---44
BCDA
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
【广东省揭阳市2017高考英语一模试题】A
When several people look at the same person, it is not unusual for each of them to see different things; when you are alone observing one behavior or a person at two different times, you may see different things. The followings are but some of the factors that lead to these varying perceptions(感知,认识):
(1) Each person’s perceptions of others are formed by his or her own cultural conditioning, education, and personal experiences.
(2) Sometimes perceptions differ because of what we choose to observe and how we deal with what’ve observed. It is not necessarily true that person perception is based on observations of a particular person. Your observations may be totally controlled by what others have told you about this person; or you may focus primarily on the situation or role relationship. Most people do not use the same standard to measure their parents, their friends, and strangers.
(3) Sometimes we see only what we want to see or don’t see what may be obvious to others because of our own needs, desires, or temporary emotional states. This is a process known as selective perception. Selective perception is obviously more difficult when contradictory information is particularly obvious, but it can be done. We can ignore the stimulus——“He’s basically a good boy so what I saw was not shoplifting(入店行窃).” We can reduce the importance of the contradictory information ——“All kids get into mischief(顽皮). Taking a book from a bookstore isn’t such a big deal.” We can change the meaning of the contradictory information--- “It wasn’t shoplifting because he was going to pay for it later.”…
26. The first factor given by the author that affects our perception is _____.
A. our hearing and visual abilities
B. cultural background and personal experiences
C. the experience one learns from others
D. critical measures taken by other people
27. While observing a particular person,________.
A. one is likely to take all aspects into consideration
B. one pays more attention to his/her advantages
C. children often differ from grown-ups in perception
D. one tends to choose certain aspects to look at
28. Observation of the same person by two people at the same time may differ because _____.
A. they follow different standards
B. either of them may be slow to catch information
C. the time for observation is not long enough
D. each of them uses different language to express his/her impressions
29. The underlined word “stimulus” in Paragraph 4 refers to _____.
A. something attractive
B. selective perception
C. contradictory information
D. shoplifting
30. The worst thing in selective perception is that ______.
A. the information received runs against your desire
B. facts can be twisted or totally ignored
C. importance of the contradictory information can be overrated (估计过高)
D. misbehaved children may not be punished
【参考答案】26-30. BDACB