话题词汇
1．doubt n．&v.怀疑
2．accumulate v．积累，积聚
3．improve v．提高
4．master vt.精通，掌握
5．solution n．解答；解决办法
6．analyze vt.分析，研究
7．manage v．设法做到，做成
8．search for搜寻，寻找
9．form a habit养成一个习惯
10．work out解决
11．independent thinking独立思考
12．seek the truth寻找真理
经典语篇 (2015·湖北)
请根据以下提示，并结合具体事例，用英语写一篇短文。
Questioning is a bridge to learning.When you begin to doubt something and search for an answer，you will learn.
注意：1.无须写标题；
2．除诗歌外，文体不限；
3．内容必须结合你生活中的具体事例；
4．词数不少于120，如引用提示语则不计入总词数。
佳作欣赏
Questioning can lead to searching for an answer.If we are in the habit of raising doubts as to whether what we are told is true，we can find the correct answer and learn more.①
Two years ago，our teacher offered us an answer to a difficult math problem in class.Although the answer seemed a little strange，nobody but I doubted it.② Thinking that his solution might be wrong，I carefully analyzed the problem and tried to work it out in a different way.③ Half an hour later，I managed to find the correct answer.When I showed my answer to him，the teacher praised me for my independent thinking.
From this experience I have learnt that questioning can serve as a bridge that helps us to seek the truth.
思维发散
1．用短语form the habit of改写第①句
If we form the habit of raising doubts about whether what we are told is true，we can find the correct answer and learn more.
2．用doubt的动词形式改写第①句
If we are in the habit of doubting as to whether what we are told is true，we can find the correct answer and learn more.
3．用except改写第②句
Although the answer seemed a little strange，nobody doubted it except me.
4．仿照第③句翻译句子
由于没有要去的地方，那个男人只好在街上徘徊。
Having no place to go，the man wandered about in the street.
Ⅰ.重点单词
A．写作单词
1．blank (adj.)空白的；空虚的；单调的
(n.)空白；空虚；空白表格
2．chief (adj.)最高级别的
3．aside (adv.)在一边，向一边
4．punishment (n.)惩罚，处罚
punish (vt.)惩罚，处罚
5．slight (adj.)少量的，微小的
slightly (adv.)轻微地
6．obey (vt.)服从，听从
7．outstanding (adj.)杰出的，优秀的
8．misunderstand (v.)误解
9．lack (vt.&n.)缺乏，没有
10．access (n.)(使用或见到的)机会，权利
accessible (adj.)可接近的；可使用的
11．worthwhile (adj.)值得努力的
12．ignore (vt.)忽视，不顾
ignorance (n.)忽视
13．beneficial (adj.)有用的，有益的
benefit (v.)对……有益；受益
14．adapt (vt.)(使)适应
B．阅读单词
15．correction (n.)改正，改进
16．simplify (vt.)简化
17．secure (adj.)安全的；稳当的；无忧无虑的
security (n.)安全；保证；保障；担保
18．suspect (v.)怀疑
(n.)嫌疑犯
suspicious (adj.)怀疑的；可疑的；不信任的
suspicion (n.)怀疑，猜疑
19．instruct (v.)指导，教导
instruction (n.)指导，教导；教育，教导；用法说明；操作指南
20．distinguish (vt.)区别，辨别
21．alternative (adj.)非传统的；另类的；必选其一的
(n.)替代品，可供选择物
22．reputation (n.)名誉，名声
23．reflect (vt.)反射；反映
reflection (n.)映像
24．select (vt.)挑选
selection (n.)挑选
25．pour (vt.)倒，灌
26．acquire (vt.)获得，得到
27．worthy (adj.)值得的
28．defence (n.)保卫，保护
defend (v.)保卫
29．assume (vt.)假定，假设
assumption (n.)假定，假设
30．approve (v.)赞成；认可；满意
31．urge (vt.)力劝，强烈要求
32．conventional (adj.)传统的，保守的
33．vital (adj.)极其重要的
34．inspire (v.)鼓舞；启发
35．appreciation (n.)欣赏
appreciate (vt.)感激；欣赏
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．aside from除……之外
2．frankly speaking坦率地说
3．lay off裁员；解雇
4．to a certain extent在某种程度上
5．set off引发；使爆炸；出发
6．be accustomed to习惯于
7．tend to往往会，倾向于
8．approve of赞成，赞许
9．as a whole总的来说
10．in conclusion总之
Ⅲ.经典句式
1．It’s never too late to learn.
活到老学到老。
2．So many people think that after you retire，all you can do is switch off your brain and bury everything you’ve ever learnt.
许多人认为一旦退休，你所能做的事就是把大脑关闭，把你曾经所学的东西埋掉。
3．I decided that it was time I became an Internet user.
我觉得是我成为互联网用户的时候了。
4．Founded in 1896，“Tredona School” is proud of its long list of outstanding past students.
Tredona学校成立于1896年，它为自己培养出众多的优秀学生感到骄傲。
5．I suppose I was a bit lazy and now I wish I’d done more work，especially in maths.
我想我当时有点懒，现在我真希望当时能多做些努力，特别是在数学方面。
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
Now more and more people of different ages and backgrounds are continuing to study to improve themselves.Sun Wen,28 years old，failed his college entrance exam.But he gave 1.himself a second chance by studying for a degree in his spare time while keeping 2.a secure fulltime job.He was getting 3.promoted(promote) at work because of his new qualification by continuing education.Ms.Tang,45 years old，was laid 4.off and became a fulltime housewife.However，she soon got 5.bored(bore) and decided to do a business course.Now she has already prepared 6.for setting up her own export company.She thinks getting laid off will prove to be the best thing 7.that ever happened to her.Grandpa Chen,75 years old，is teaching himself new tricks every day.It started 8.when the price of postage went up and it was too expensive 9.to send(send) an airmail to his daughter in the US，so he became an Internet 10.user(use) by asking his grandson to instruct him on how to use the Internet.
1
suspect vt.怀疑；认为；n.被怀疑者；嫌疑犯
1suspect sb.to be＋n./adj.猜想某人……
suspect sb.of doing sth.怀疑某人做了某事
2suspicious adj.可疑的，令人怀疑的
be suspicious of/about sth.对某事怀疑
3suspicion n.怀疑，猜疑
(1)The above complaints are，I suspect，just the tip of the iceberg.
我想，以上的抱怨只是冰山一角。
(2)Do women really share such stupid jokes？We suspect not.
女人们真的会觉得如此愚蠢的笑话好笑吗？我们想不会。
多维训练
(1)单句语法填空
①He has a highly suspicious(suspect) character and never believes anyone.
②Once people start to be suspicious of your character，they are no longer following.
③His conduct aroused the suspicion(suspect) of the police.
(2)同义句改写
I suspect that he is the pickpocket.(改为简单句)
I suspect him to be the pickpocket.
(3)单句改错
He is said to be suspected having stolen the money now.suspected后加of
2
instruct v.指示；吩咐；命令；讲授；指导，教导
1instruct sb.to do...命令某人做……
as instructed按照指示
2instruction n.用法说明；操作指南；指示；命令；教授
follow the instructions遵照说明
carry out one’s instructions执行某人的命令
3instructive adj.有教益的，有启发的；指导性的
(1)Don’t instruct your secretary to say you are out when you are in.
不要教你的秘书在你在的时候说你不在。
(2)She arrived at 10 o’clock as instructed.
她依照指示于10点钟到达。
(3)Follow the instructions on the packet carefully.
仔细按照包装上的说明操作。
[特别提醒]
instruct后跟从句时，从句常用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用(should) do。
多维训练
(1)用instruct的正确形式填空
①It is the most instructive lecture that I have attended since I came to this school.
②All children are instructed in the use of the library.
③All schoolchildren must now receive some religious instructions.
(2)同义句改写
①My boss instructed me to type the letters quickly.(改为复合句)
My boss instructed me that I (should) type the letters quickly.
②We’re standing at a distance following the instructions.(用as改写)
We’re standing at a distance，as instructed.
3
lack vt.缺乏；没有have none or not enough；n.缺乏；短缺的东西
[多词一义] lack，be lacking in，be short of
1lack sth.缺少某物
lack for nothing什么也不缺
be lacking in在……方面缺乏
2a lack of缺少……
for/through lack of因缺少……
(1)It lacks the power of the Italian cars.
它没有意大利汽车动力强劲。
(2)Despite his lack of experience，he got the job.
他虽然经验不足，但还是获得了这份工作。
(3)Many associations are breaking up for lack of money.
许多社团因缺乏资金而纷纷解散。
多维训练
同义句改写
(1)The green hand is lacking in practical experience.(用short短语改写)
The green hand is short of practical experience.
(2)He lacks confidence.(用lacking改写)
He is lacking in confidence.
(3)Lack of confidence makes his father worried.(用what引导的主语从句改写)
What makes his father worried is his lack of confidence.
4
access n.接近的方法means；通路path；road；入径way；使用或见到的机会；权利常与to连用opportunity，or right to use；可接近性
[应试指导] 后跟介词的用法
1have/get/obtain/gain access to拥有……的机会；可以接近；进入
give access to准许进入接近
2accessible adj.可到达的；易懂的；随和的
be accessible to可接近的；可靠近的；可使用的
(1)Women had no access to education in old days.
在过去，妇女没有受教育的权利。
(2)A manager should be accessible to his staff.
一个管理人员应该让职员感到平易近人。
[特别提醒]
(1)access的本意是进入某一地点的“通道，入口”，侧重进入的手段与途径，其含义是抽象的，一般用作不可数名词。其引申义可指“接近或取得……的方法、手段、权力等”，常与介词to连用。此外，access在计算机术语中可作“访问，进网”讲。
(2)在access to中，介词to后可接名词或代词，一般不接doing。
多维训练
(1)一句多译
药品不应放在孩子们拿得到的地方。
①Medicine should not be kept where it is accessible to children.(accessible)
②Medicine should be kept where it is out of children’s range.(range)
③Medicine should be kept where it is out of children’s reach.(reach)
(2)单句改错
The access to entering the village is riding a bike.去掉entering
5
worthwhile adj.值得努力的；值得做的，值得的
(1)worthwhile常用的结构：
It’s worthwhile＋ 做某事是值得的
(2)worth常用的结构：
be worth＋
(3)worthy常用的结构：
be worthy＋
(1)It’s worthwhile to help/helping the disabled.
帮助残疾人是值得的。
(2)The book is worth 20 yuan.
这本书值20元。
(3)The film is well worth seeing.
这部电影很值得一看。
(4)The Great Wall is worthy to be visited/of being visited.长城值得参观。
[特别提醒]
worthy可作定语，而worth不能，worth一般只作表语，可用程度副词well修饰。
多维训练
(1)用worth，worthy或worthwhile填空
①Whatever is worth/worthwhile doing at all is worthy of being done well.
②The book is excellent and it’s worthy to be read a second time.
③It’s worthwhile
a try.
(2)单句语法填空
His first book is of great use for our course.But his latest one is better(well) worth reading.
(3)单句改错
It was very worth
waiting for.very→well
6
approve v．赞成，同意(support，agree to)；认可；批准；满意
[应试指导] 作为高级词汇替换agree
1approve of sb./sth.赞成……，同意……,approve of sb./sb.’s doing sth.同意/赞成某人做某事
2approval n.赞成，同意；通过；批准
in approval同意，赞成常作状语
with/without one’s approval经/未经某人批准
meet with one’s approval得到某人的同意
(1)The minister approved the building plans.
部长批准了这些建筑计划。
(2)They quite approved of their daughter’s marriage.
他们很赞成女儿的婚事。
(3)We went to the party with our parents’ approval.
我们取得父母的同意后去参加了聚会。
[特别提醒]
approve作“批准”讲时，常用作及物动词；作“赞成，同意”讲时，常用approve of。
多维训练
(1)单句语法填空
①She looked at her son in approval.
②No teacher can approve of cheating in exams.
③I hope the arrangements meet with your approval(approve)．
④Does your mother approve of your going(go) to study in America alone?
(2)单句改错
Personally，I do approve students writing blogs.approve后加of
7
urge v.催促；力劝persuade；竭力主张recommend；驱赶；鞭策force；n.强烈的欲望，冲动desire
[应试指导] 虚拟语气的考查
1urge sb.to do...催促某人做……
urge that...should do...主张……
2have an urge to do...渴望做……
3urgent adj.紧急的
4urgency n.紧急的事
(1)They urged parliament to approve plans for their reform programme.
他们敦促议会批准他们的改革方案。
(2)He had an urge to open a shop of his own.
他很想自己开一家店。
多维训练
(1)用urge的正确形式填空
①There is an urgent need for food and water.
②The urgency of finding a cure attracted some of the best minds in medical science.
(2)同义句改写
Our teacher urges us to study hard with the exam drawing near.(用urge that...改写)
Our teacher urges that we (should) study hard with the exam drawing near.
8
assume vt.假定设；认为
[应试指导] assuming，suppose，supposing，provided，providing，given等用作连词引导条件状语从句
1assume sb./sth.to be...认为某人事……
assuming that...假设……引导条件状语从句
It is assumed that...人们认为……
2on the assumption that...假定……
(1)Let us assume it to be true.
让我们假定这是真实的。
(2)It is generally assumed that stress is caused by too much work.
普遍认为，压力系工作过重所致。
多维训练
(1)单句语法填空
①Some cyclists make the assumption that traffic laws do not apply to them，but this is not true.
②It was assumed that all humankind could do was to adapt to the rapidly changing conditions.
③We are working on the assumption that the conference will take place as planned.
④Assuming(assume) that you are right about this，what shall we do?
⑤The theory is based on a series of wrong assumptions(assume)．
(2)同义句改写
①If there wasn’t the hard work of the dustman，can you imagine what our environment will be like? (用assuming作连词并用can you imagine作插入语改写)
Assuming (that) there wasn’t the hard work of the dustman，what can you imagine our environment will be like?
②People assume that what they do has little effect on the environment.(用it作形式主语改写)
It is assumed that what one does has little effect on the environment.
9
adapt v.使适应；使适合adjust；改编，改写rewrite
[应试指导] 分词作状语的考查
1adapt ... to 使……适应于……
adapt oneself to使自己适应……
adapt...for...为……改编写……；改造……以供……之用
adapt from根据……改编写
2adaptable adj.有适应能力的；能适应的
3adaptation n.改编本；适应
(1)During the onemonth stay，I had to adapt myself to their American lifestyle and help them understand the best part of Chinese culture.
在一个月的生活中，我必须适应美国的生活方式并帮助他们理解中国文化的精髓。
(2)Mo Yan，most of whose novels have been adapted for films，is now a worldfamous writer.
莫言现在是个世界闻名的作家，他的大多数小说都已被改编为电影。
多维训练
(1)语法填空
①The play is adapted from a novel.
②These teaching materials can be adapted for older children.
③When you go to a new country，you must adapt to new manners and customs.
(2)单句改错
After graduation from college，I gradually adapted myself to live on my own.live→living
10
apart/aside from除……之外；此外
表示“除……之外”的短语：,apart from/aside from除……之外，根据上下文的不同，可以分别相当于besides，except或except for。,besides＝in addition to除……之外还，也，常与also，more，other等连用。,except除……外都……，常与all，every，no，none，nothing等含有整体、肯定或否定意义的词连用。,except for除……以外，其后所跟的词往往与前面的不是同一类的，是指整体中除去的一个细节或某一方面。
(1)Apart from the cost，the dress doesn’t suit me.
姑且不论价格，这件衣服也不适合我。
(2)No one apart from her husband knew about her job.除了她丈夫没有人知道她的工作是什么。
多维训练
用besides，except，except for，apart from填空
(1)All the students took part in the sports meeting except/apart from Tom.
(2)We need three more chairs besides/apart from these two.
(3)Apart from/Except for the ending，it’s a really good film.
11
be accustomed to习惯于……
[应试指导] 作为高级词汇替换be used to
be/get/become accustomed to doing sth.习惯于做某事
accustom oneself to doing sth.使自己习惯于做某事
be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事
(1)I was accustomed to being the only child at a table full of adults.
我已经习惯了作为唯一一个小不点坐在一桌大人中间。
(2)He quickly accustomed himself to this new way of life.
他很快就习惯了这种新的生活方式。
多维训练
(1)同义句改写
He was accustomed to the custom and didn’t want to change it.
①Accustomed to the custom，he didn’t want to change it.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
②Accustoming himself to the custom，he didn’t want to change it.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)
(2)单句改错
Growing up in the country，he is used to get up early.get→getting
12
distinguish v.区分；辨别；分清recognize the difference between；成为……的特征be characteristic；使有别于
多维训练
(1)用distinguish的正确形式填空
①Distinguished guests and friends，welcome to our school.
②The bird has no distinguishing features.
(2)同义句改写
He was distinguished for his knowledge of economics and was elected as head of the economic school.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
Distinguished for his knowledge of economics，he was elected as head of the economic school.
13
alternative n.可供选择的事物a thing that one can choose；adj.可供替代的that can be used instead of；非传统的；另类的
多维训练
(1)单句语法填空
①He had no alternative but to wait(wait)．
②He did nothing but wait(wait)．
③He had nothing to do but wait(wait)．
④He had no choice but to wait(wait)．
(2)同义句改写
We can not choose but take immediate action to stop pollution.(用There is no alternative...改写)
There is no alternative for us but to take immediate action to stop pollution.
14
reflect v.反映；映射；反射；仔细思考
多维训练
(1)单句语法填空
①She could see her face reflected(reflect) in the water.
②After long reflection(reflect) we decided to buy that house.
③She sat reflecting(reflect) on how much had changed since she had bought the farm.
④The likely reactions of the market need to be reflected on before we act.
⑤Sean’s strong love for his country is reflected in his recently published poems.
(2)一句多译
你对服饰的选择反映了你的性格特点。
①Your choice of clothes reflects your personality.(reflect v．)
②You choice of clothes is a reflection of your personality.(reflection n．)
15
acquire vt.获得，取得；学到；购得
多维训练
用acquire，obtain，gain，get的正确形式填空
(1)She decided to pursue her study after obtaining her first degree.
(2)It took time for a house to acquire that appearance.
(3)He always manages to obtain what he wants.
(4)You can gain by watching how she works.
(5)The waiters get good tips over and above their wages.
16
to a certain extent在某种程度上，在一定程度上
多维训练
(1)To a certain extent(在某种程度上) the country’s aging trend would be actively addressed by the universal twochild policy.
(2)These policies are to a large/great extent(在很大程度上) responsible for the region’s economic decline.
17
set off使爆炸；引发
多维训练
短语填空
set down，set aside，set off，set about，set up，be set in，set out
(1)I wonder if the school could place more dustbins around and set up specific rules against such behaviour.
(2)She set down the new laptop which she bought for her brother on the table and went out for supper.
(3)The wide popularity of the Korean music Gangnam Style has set off heated discussions about people’s tastes nowadays.
(4)In much of the animal world，night is the time set aside for sleep—pure and simple.(2017·湖北)
(5)Armed with the information you have gathered，you can set about preparing your business plan.
(6) —Have you finished your homework yet?
—Not yet，I set out to do it just a few minutes ago.
(7)—Have you watched Gravity，considered the best film in 2017?
—Yes.It is a survival story set in space.(2015·皖东六校联考)
18
tend to do...倾向于做……；往往会……
多维训练
(1)单句语法填空
①You may tend to look(look) down and away when greeting someone.
②You have a tendency(tend) to avoid an argument.
③During the World War Ⅱ，Henry Beecher was a doctor tending(tend) soldiers on the battlefield.
(2)一句多译
我很容易花费过度。
①I have a tendency to spend too much.(tendency)
②I tend to spend too much.(tend)
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as a whole总体上；整体看来；总的来说
多维训练
单句语法填空
(1)The department as a whole has performed well this year.
(2)On the whole，he got what he wanted.
(3)I am wholly(whole) responsible for the confusion.
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I decided that it was time I became an Internet user.我觉得是我成为互联网用户的时候了。
句型公式：...it was time that...
(1)It is/was (high/about) time that...表示“该是做某事的时候了”，在that从句中要用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用动词的过去式或should＋动词原形(should不可省略)。
(2)It’s time (for sb.) to do sth.该是(某人)做某事的时候了。
(3)It is/was the＋序数词＋time＋that...是某人第几次做……，that从句中使用完成时(若是it is，则从句用现在完成时；若是it was，则用过去完成时)。
(1)It’s high time (that) we left/should leave for the airport.
我们该去机场了。
(2)It was the third time that the old woman had been informed in danger.
这是老太太第三次被通知病危。
多维训练
(1)单句语法填空
①This was the last time that I had asked(ask) you for money.
②Stop chatting！It’s time for us to study(study) hard.
③It is time that we should go/went(go) to bed.
(2)单句改错
It’s high time that the article be published.be前加should或be→were
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So many people think that after you retire，all you can do is switch off your brain and bury everything you’ve ever learnt.因此许多人认为一旦你退休后，你所做的事就是把大脑关闭，把你曾经所学的东西埋掉。
句型公式：be to do...
be to do...有五层意义：
1表示预定，意为“预定”，相当于be going to do。
2表示义务，意为“应该”，相当于should。
3表示可能，意为“会做”，相当于can/could。
4表示命运，意为“注定”通常用于过去时，描述过去的事实。
5用于if...were to do，引导对将来的虚拟语气。
(1)He is to return from Germany tomorrow.
他明天将从德国回来。
(2)You are to be back by 9 o’clock.
你要在9点以前回家。
多维训练
(1)完成句子
①When are you to leave for home?
你什么时候回家？
②She is to be married next month.
她将于下个月结婚。
③You are to report to the police.
你应该报警。
(2)单句改错
If he was to play every game，maybe he could be one of the best players in the world.was→were
22
Sometimes I wish I could phone him and ask for his opinion！
句型公式：wish＋宾语从句
1wish＋宾语从句，意为“但愿……；希望……；……就好了”，往往表示与事实相反或不太可能实现的愿望。
2wish后宾语从句中的谓语形式如下：
①did/were 表示与现在事实相反的愿望；
②had done/been 表示与过去事实相反的愿望；
③would/could＋动词原形表示与将来事实相反的愿望。
(1)He wished he had phoned for a taxi.
他真希望自己已经打电话叫出租车了。
(2)I wish you wouldn’t smoke any longer.
我真希望你再也不要吸烟了。
多维训练
单句语法填空
(1)I wish he would/could go(go) with us to the theatre next Thursday.
(2)She wished she had been(be) at home then.
(3)I wish I lived(live) on the seashore.
——单句语法填空
(1)If she were(be) here this evening，we would play(play) cards.
(2)The flood might have caused(cause) great damage to the people if we hadn’t built(not，build) so many reservoirs.
(3)If you had spoken(speak) to him last time you saw him，you would know(know) what to do now.
(4)I wish I had followed(follow) her instructions then.
(5)Had he caught(catch) the early bus，he would not have been late for class.
(6)His proposal that they (should) take(take) immediate measures sounds reasonable.