（豫皖京闽粤通用）2017届高考英语北师大版一轮自主复习学案：book7 Unit 19《language》

　　话题词汇

　　1．absorb v．吸引；使全神贯注

　　2．accumulate v．积累；积聚

　　3．consult v．咨询；商量

　　4．correction n．改正

　　5．dictation n．听写

　　6．fluent adj.流利的；流畅的

　　7．grasp v．抓住；掌握

　　8．bear sth.in mind记住(某事)

　　9．enlarge one’s vocabulary 扩大词汇量

　　10．have difficulty/trouble in doing sth.在……方面有困难

　　经典语篇 (2015·四川)

　　假如你是李夏。你看到美国留学生Sharon在网上发帖，希望有人能帮助她提高普通话(Mandarin)水平，她可以教英语作为回报。请根据以下提示用英语给她写一封电子邮件。

　　1．表达给她提供帮助的意愿；

　　2．说明你能胜任辅导的理由；

　　3．给出讲好普通话的两点建议；

　　4．提出你学习英语的具体需求。

　　注意：1.词数120左右，开头与结尾已为你写好；

　　2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

　　Hi，Sharon，

　　This is Li Xia.I learned from your post that you want to improve your Mandarin.

　　Li Xia

　　佳作欣赏

　　Hi，Sharon，

　　This is Li Xia.I learned from your post that you want to improve your Mandarin.I am quite interested in it.I think I’m fit for it.As a student，I have been learning Mandarin for many years.In addition，I am Chinese，which means Mandarin is a must for me to communicate with others in my daily life.① So I’m quite confident that I can help you learn Mandarin.

　　Learning Mandarin takes time，② so if you want to learn it well，you should spend much time practicing Mandarin every day.As the saying goes，practice makes perfect.Besides，you can also read some books in Chinese，see some Chinese films and listen to some Chinese radio programmes.Speaking and listening are very important for language learning，by which you are sure to make great progress.③

　　In your post，you say you can teach English as a reward.It is just what I want.I’m eager to improve my English.So，if you allow me to help you learn Mandarin，you can also help me improve my English.We can contact each other by video chat every night for half an hour in English and half an hour in Chinese，so that we can improve our oral speaking.④

　　Hope for your early reply!

　　Li Xia

　　思维发散

　　1．将第①句改为并列句

　　In addition，I am Chinese，and this means Mandarin is a must for me to communicate with others in my daily life.

　　2．仿照第②句用动名词短语作主语完成句子

　　Choosing clothes is really a difficult job，because the clothes you like are not always suitable for you.

　　挑选衣服真的是一件难事，因为你喜欢的衣服并不总是适合你。

　　3．仿照第③句用“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句翻译句子

　　他写了许多儿童读物，几乎有一半是在二十世纪九十年代出版的。

　　He wrote many children’s books，nearly half of which were published in the 1990s.

　　4．将第④句改为简单句

　　We can contact each other by video chat every night for half an hour in English and half an hour in Chinese so as to/in order to improve our oral speaking.

　　Ⅰ.重点单词

　　A．写作单词

　　1．thankful (adj.)为……感到高兴的；感谢的

　　thankfully (adv.)感谢地；令人感激地

　　2．trend (n.)趋势，倾向

　　3．absence (n.)缺乏；缺席

　　absent (adj.)缺席的；不在的

　　4．theory (n.)理论；学说

　　5．surround (vt.)环绕，围绕

　　surrounding (adj.)周围的

　　surroundings (n.)环境

　　6．target (n.)目标

　　7．enlarge (vt.)扩大

　　8．adjust (vt.)调整；调节

　　adjustment (n.)调整；调节；适应

　　9．inform (vt.)告知，通知

　　information (n.)信息

　　10．announcement (n.)通告；宣告

　　announce (vt.)通告；宣告

　　11．congratulate (vt.)祝贺

　　congratulation (n.)祝贺；庆贺

　　12．globe (n.)地球

　　global (adj.)全球性的

　　B．阅读单词

　　13．fluency (n.)流畅度，流利度

　　fluent (adj.)流畅的

　　14．accuracy (n.)精确度，准确度

　　accurate (adj.)正确无误的

　　15．ensure (vt.)确保，保证

　　16．attain (vt.)达到；获得

　　17．adequate (adj.)足够的，充分的

　　18．accelerate (vi.&vt.)加速

　　19．guarantee (vt.&n.)保证

　　20．unconscious (adj.)无意的；不知不觉的

　　conscious (adj.)有意的；有知觉的

　　21．tight (adj.)绷紧的；紧张的

　　tightly (adv.)紧紧地

　　22．resemble (vt.)像；与……相似

　　23．purchase (vt.)购买

　　24．negotiate (vt.)协商；谈判

　　25．ambiguous (adj.)模棱两可的

　　26．approval (n.)赞成；赞许；批准

　　27．applicant (n.)申请人

　　28．candidate (n.)候选人

　　29．regulation (n.)规则

　　30．punctual (adj.)准时的，守时的

　　punctually (adv.)如期地，准时地

　　31．sincerely (adv.)真诚地

　　32．embarrass (vt.)使窘迫

　　embarrassment (n.)困窘；尴尬

　　embarrassed (adj.)尴尬的

　　embarrassing (adj.)令人尴尬的

　　Ⅱ.重点短语

　　1．catch on学会，理解

　　2．for ages很久，很长时间

　　3．on purpose故意地

　　4．on the other hand另一方面

　　5．provided that如果；条件是

　　6．I bet我肯定

　　7．inform sb.of sth.通知某人某事

　　8．keep sth.in mind牢记

　　9．add to使增加，使扩大

　　10．be similar to与……相似

　　11．get ahead取得成功

　　12．in the absence of缺乏，不存在

　　13．consist of由……组成

　　14．differ from与……相异，不同于

　　15．be aware of意识到，觉察到，明白

　　Ⅲ.经典句式

　　1．To put it simply，if you want to be a success in the business world，you need a high level of English competence.

　　简单地说，如果你想在商业世界中成为一个成功者，你需要高水平的英语能力。

　　2．Thirdly，you say that there is a discount provided that I pay in advance.

　　第三，你们说我只要预付款就有折扣。

　　3．There’s no point reading the news in English if you’ve already watched it in your own language.

　　如果你已用母语看过这则消息，再用英语来读是没有意义的。

　　4．But sadly，the chances that we will all have the opportunity to live in an English­speaking country are small.

　　但令人遗憾的是，我们都生活在一个讲英语的国家的机会是很小的。

　　5．It was predicted as early as the 1700s that English would one day be the global language and that has proved to be the case in the last few decades.

　　早在18世纪，英语就被预测会成为世界语言而且过去的几十年已证明是这样。

　　6．Quality input ensures quality output，whether it is speaking or writing.

　　不管是说还是写，高质量的输入确保高质量的输出。

　　Ⅳ.课文语法填空

　　It was predicted 1.that English would be the global language and it has been proved to be the case in the last few decades.Being able to speak more than one language can make you stand 2.out and get ahead.However，it’s difficult to learn English in the 3.absence(absent) of a native language environment.So most of us have to rely 4.on our school curriculum which encourages teachers to create 5.a rich language environment in the classroom.Teachers 6.must convey an adequate amount of input in English to the students.But to really get ahead，you need to do extra work outside of the classroom.Experts give some recommendations: 7.Setting(set) achievable targets；Listening to an English song after reading the words；Reading the news in English after watching it in 8.your own language；Watching your favourite DVD；Studying with your friends and rewarding yourself.These recommendations are easy to achieve and well worth the extra effort.9.However，putting in those extra 15 minutes a day does take dedication.To stay dedicated，you need to keep in mind 10.why you are learning English.

　　1

　　absence n.缺席；不在某处；缺乏

　　1in one’s absence/in the absence of sb.在某人不在的时候；缺乏

　　absence of mind心不在焉

　　2absent adj.缺席的；不在意的

　　be absent from缺席……；不在

　　3absently adv.心不在焉地

　　(1)He never questions his father’s absence.

　　他从未问过为什么他的父亲不在。

　　(2)Those heat can warm things up pretty quickly in the absence of a cooling system.

　　在缺少冷却系统的情况下，那些热量能够使物体迅速升温。

　　(3)The total absence of mind caused him to fail the exam.

　　心不在焉致使他考试失败。

　　多维训练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①Tom was absent from school because he was ill.

　　②In the manager’s absence，Mr.White is in charge of the business.

　　③His attention absorbed by the screen，he just nodded absently(absent)．

　　④There’s an absent(absence) expression on his face.

　　(2)单句改错

　　The boy is poor，to whom love was totally absent of his childhood.of→from

　　2

　　guarantee vt.保证；担保promise；n.保证；担保；保修单

　　[应试指导]　应用类写作高频词汇

　　1guarantee sb.sth.保证某人某事

　　guarantee to do sth./that...保证做某事；确保……

　　be guaranteed to do...肯定会……

　　2under guarantee在保修期内

　　give sb.a guarantee that...向某人担保……

　　(1)All students are guaranteed campus accommodation for their first year.

　　保证安排所有的学生第一年在校内住宿。

　　(2)Even if you complete your training，I can’t guarantee you a job.

　　即使你完成了培训，我也无法保证你能有工作。

　　(3)I guarantee that this will not happen again.

　　我保证此类事情不会再发生。

　　多维训练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①I guarantee to pay(pay) off his debts.

　　②This broken watch is still under guarantee.

　　(2)一句多译

　　我们保证在一周内将货物送到。

　　①We guarantee to deliver the goods in one week.(guarantee v．)

　　②We give a guarantee that we will deliver the goods in one week.(guarantee n．)

　　3

　　adjust v.调整，调节change to make more suitable；适应，习惯adapt

　　1adjust...to...调整……以适应……

　　adjust oneself to...使自己适应于……

　　adjust to doing...适应做……

　　2make an adjustment/adjustments to...对……作出调整

　　(1)To attract investors，Panama has adjusted its tax and labor laws.

　　为吸引投资者，巴拿马调整了税法和劳动法。

　　(2)We have been preparing our fighters to adjust themselves to civil society.

　　我们一直在培训我们的战士，以使他们适应普通的社会生活。

　　多维训练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①It takes him quite a while to adjust to working(work) night shifts.

　　②Just as I tried to make the necessary adjustment(adjust) to this new situation，Wang Ping appeared.

　　③He stopped to try to adjust his eyes to the light.

　　(2)单句改错

　　I will adjust me to the society.me→myself

　　4

　　inform vt.告知，通知；了解；熟悉

　　[应试指导]　(1)过去分词作宾补；(2)应用类写作高频词汇

　　1inform sb.of/about sth.通知某人某事

　　keep sb.informed of/about...通知某人关于……；使某人知道……

　　inform sb.that...通知某人……

　　2information n.消息；信息；通知；数据

　　(1)They would inform him of any progress they had made.

　　他们会把他们取得的任何进展都告诉他。

　　(2)We were informed that an earthquake had occurred in the west.

　　我们获悉西部发生了地震。

　　多维训练

　　(1)用inform的正确形式填空

　　①The manager put up a notice to keep the staff informed of what to do this week.

　　②For detailed information，consult Tom，who is informed well.

　　(2)同义句改写

　　He informed the company that the ship had arrived safely.(改为简单句)

　　He informed the company of the ship’s safe arrival.

　　5

　　negotiate vt.谈判；协商；商定

　　1negotiate with sb.about/over/for sth.与某人商议某事/谈判某事

　　negotiate sth.with sb.通过与某人商议、谈判等处理或解决某事；商定；洽谈2negotiation n.协商；谈判

　　under negotiation在商谈中

　　in negotiation with和……协商中

　　(1)Our coach is negotiating with the headmaster for the use of their gym.

　　我们教练正在同校长商谈使用他们体育馆的事。

　　(2)The pilots are in negotiation with the airline managers.

　　飞行员们正在跟航空公司的经理们谈判。

　　多维训练

　　单句语法填空

　　(1)He asked me to tell you the contract is under negotiation.

　　(2)It is not clear whether the president is willing to negotiate with the democrats.

　　(3)We are satisfied with the smoothness of the negotiation(negotiate)．

　　6

　　embarrass vt.使窘迫；使尴尬

　　[应试指导]　(1)非谓语句法功能的考查；(2)写作高分句式：What embarrassed sb.is that...替换to one’s embarrassment

　　1embarrassing adj.令人不安的；令人尴尬的

　　2embarrassed adj.窘迫的；尴尬的

　　be embarrassed at/about因……感到尴尬

　　3embarrassment n.尴尬；难堪；惹麻烦的人或事

　　to one’s embarrassment令某人尴尬的是

　　(1)He looked a bit embarrassed.

　　他看起来有点尴尬。

　　(2)She’s embarrassed about her height.

　　她对自己的身高感到尴尬。

　　(3)What embarrassed him was that he had no idea of what was going on.

　　对所发生的事情一无所知，这让他很难堪。

　　多维训练

　　(1)用embarrass的正确形式填空

　　①I was surprised and embarrassed.

　　②That was an embarrassing situation for me.

　　③Much to her embarrassment，she realized that everyone was staring at her.

　　(2)同义句改写

　　He felt embarrassed about his mistakes，so he locked himself in his room.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)

　　Embarrassed about his mistakes，he locked himself in his room.

　　7

　　catch on学会；思想、服饰等受欢迎，流行起来，被……接受with sb.；理解，了解to sth.

　　[多词一义]　catch on，understand，follow，be popular with

　　catch up with sb./sth.赶上……

　　catch sight of看见

　　(1)Being a foreigner，Carl did not catch on to the joke.

　　卡尔是个外国人，不了解这个笑话的含意。

　　(2)He didn’t catch up with the first bus to work，so he had to take a taxi.

　　他没有赶上早班公共汽车上班，只好坐出租车。

　　(3)Keep looking up，and you may catch sight of some unexpected creatures.

　　继续观察下去，说不定你可以看到意想不到的动物。

　　多维训练

　　(1)写出下列句子中catch on的汉语意思

　　①The new dance quickly caught on among the students.流行起来

　　②Please repeat what you said，I didn’t quite catch on.理解

　　③Just keep trying.You’ll catch on soon.学会

　　(2)单句改错

　　Teachers like students who are very quick to catch on things.on后加to

　　8

　　on the other hand另一方面

　　[应试指导]　写作过渡词汇

　　on the one hand...on the other hand...一方面……，另一方面……,for one thing...，for another...一则……；二则……

　　(1)This is a novel，but on the other hand，it can be looked as a biography.

　　这是一部小说，但另一方面，它又可以被看作一部传记。

　　(2)On (the) one hand I want to sell the house，but on the other hand，I can’t bear the thought of moving.

　　一方面我想把房子卖掉，但另一方面我又不能忍受搬家。

　　[特别提醒]

　　on (the) one hand...on the other (hand)．..常表达相矛盾的两方面；for one thing...，for another...陈述的两方面情况常一致。

　　多维训练

　　翻译句子

　　(1)一方面我们应该呼吁公众提高认识，另一方面我们应该立即行动。

　　On (the) one hand，we are supposed to appeal to the public to deepen the understanding，but on the other (hand)，we ourselves should do it immediately.

　　(2)我不去。一则我已经看过这部电影；二则今晚我有一个重要会议要参加。

　　I won’t go.For one thing，I have seen the film；for another，I have an important meeting to attend tonight.

　　9

　　adequate adj.足够的；适当的；合格的

　　多维训练

　　单句语法填空

　　(1)The house is perfectly adequate for just the two of us.

　　(2)This officer is adequate to the difficult task.

　　(3)You are expected to give an explanation adequate to account(account) for what happened.

　　10

　　ensure vt.保证，担保，确保make sure

　　多维训练

　　同义句改写

　　This pill will ensure the patient a good night’s sleep.(改为含有that从句的复合句)

　　This pill will ensure that the patient has a good night’s sleep.

　　11

　　resemble v.看起来像look like；类似be similar to；与……相似不用于被动语态和进行时

　　多维训练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　You bear a strong resemblance to your father，but you resemble your mother neither in character nor in appearance.

　　(2)单句改错

　　①He and his father resemble to each other.去掉to

　　②He and his brother resembles each other.resembles→resemble

　　12

　　purchase vt.购买；n.购买，购买力

　　多维训练

　　(1)The equipment can be purchased from your local supplier.

　　这种设备可以从你当地的供应商那里购买。

　　(2)If you have made a purchase that is not listed，please contact us.

　　如果你有一个未列出的采购，请联系我们。

　　13

　　Thirdly，you say that there is a discount provided that I pay in advance.,第三，你们说我只要预付款就有折扣。

　　句型公式：provided that句型

　　provided that引导一个条件状语从句，意为“如果，只要”；provided可以换成providing，that也可以省略。在英语中，引导条件状语从句的类似连词还有：suppose/supposing that，given that，assume/assuming that。

　　(1)Provided that there is no opposition，we shall hold the meeting here.

　　如果没人反对，我们就在这里开会。

　　(2)Supposing that there is no pure water，what shall we drink?

　　假设没有纯净水，我们喝什么？

　　多维训练

　　单句语法填空

　　(1)Given(give) that I have a knowledge of computer，I won’t trouble you with such small things.

　　(2)We can strike a bargain with you provided/providing(provide) that your price is competitive.

　　(3)Too high house prices can be brought under control，assuming/assume(assume) that the authorities introduce a series of regulatory policies.

　　——单句语法填空

　　(1)Whether he will go there or not is not clear.

　　(2)It is reported that a mine accident happened in Shanxi Province.

　　(3)We are worried about what we should do next.

　　(4)The reason for such a serious accident is that the driver was too careless and drank too much.

　　(5)The question who was to blame has never been settled.