1．(2016Though not very big，but the restaurant is popular in our area.
1．去掉but 句意：餐馆虽然不大却在我们这个区域很受欢迎。though不和but连用因though位于句首故去掉but。
(2016·新课标Ⅰ)Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are used for cooking.
or→and 句意：每天他都确保用于烹饪的是新鲜的蔬菜和高质量的油。从句意判断前后是并列关系故把or改为and。
(2016·新课标Ⅱ)If we stay at home
3．but→and 句意：如果我们待在家里会很舒服而且也没有必要花钱。上下句之间是并列关系而非转折关系。
(2016·四川)Mom has a fulltime job
4．so→but 句意：妈妈做全职工作但是她得干大部分家务活。前后句之间为转折关系故应用but连接。
(2016·四川)Both Dad or I planned to do something on Mother's Day.
or→and 句意：爸爸和“我”都打算在母亲节这一天做一些事。both...and...“两者都……”是固定结构符合语境。
(2015·新课标Ⅰ)There the air is clean or the mountains are green.
or→and 句意：那里山绿并且空气清新。分析句子间的语意关系可知前后句为顺接并列关系而不是选择关系。
(2017·广西)The more friends we have
7．but→and 句意：我们交的朋友越多相互之间学到的东西就越多并且能分享的快乐也就越多。根据句意可知上下文之间是顺承的并列关系而不是转折关系。
(2017·浙江)A passenger realized he couldn't find his ticket but became quite upset.
but→and 句意：一位乘客意识到找不到车票了but表示上下文之间的转折关系而根据句意分析可知此处的上下文之间是顺接关系。
(2017·四川)If you notice that someone is missing and hurt
9．and→or 句意：如果发现有人失踪或受伤了立刻告诉老师。根据句意分析可知指失踪和受伤的二者之一并非二者兼顾
1．(2016·新课标Ⅲ)In much of Asia，especially the socalled “rice bowl” cultures of China，Japan，Korea，________ Vietnam，food is usually eaten with chopsticks.
1．and 句意：在亚洲的大部分and。
(2016·四川)It was time for her to have a new baby，________ it was also time for the young panda to be independent.
2．and
3．(2016·北京)I am not afraid of tomorrow，________ I have seen yesterday and I love today.
3．for 句意：我不害怕明天因为我见证了昨天热爱今天。语境不表示转折或递进关系而是因果关系故用并列连词for说明原因。
(2015·北京)He is a shy man，________ he is not afraid of anything or anyone.
4．but 句意：他是一个腼腆的人但是他不惧怕任何人和任何事。根据前后句意可知后面句子的意思与前面句子意思不一致表示转折关系。
(2017·新课标Ⅰ)But the river wasn't changed in a few days ________ even a few months.
5．or 句意：但是河流不是几天甚至几个月就改变了的。根据but及句意判断此处要填一个表示递进含义的词故用or；or even“甚至”。
(2017·辽宁)It asks you to act like water: to be flexible as well ________ strong.
6．as 句意：它要求你表现得像水一as well as“以及和”是固定短语用来连接两个并列成分相当于and。
(2017·北京)Some animals carry seeds from one place to another，________ plants can spread to new places.
7．so 句意：一些动物把种子从一个地方带到另外一个地方所以植物可以传播到新的地方。前后句之间存在因果关系故so “因此”。
(2017·天津)Give me a chance，________ I'll give you a wonderful surprise.
8．and 句意：如果你给我一个机会我会给你一个惊喜。此处为“祈使句＋and＋简单句”结构。
(2017·四川)Read this story，________ you will realize that not everything can be bought with money.
9．and 句意：阅读这个故事你就会知道并不是所有的东西都能用金钱买到。由句子结构可知这是“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”句式祈使句表示一个肯定的条件所以连词用and。
(2017·重庆)It's not easy to change habits，________ with awareness and selfcontrol，it is possible.
10．but 句意：习惯并不容易改变但是有强烈的意识和自制力就有可能改变习惯。根据not easy与possible的对比可知这里应该是用but表示对比转折关系。
(2017·课标全国Ⅰ)You have to move out of the way
________ the truck cannot get past you.
11．or 句意：你得让让路不然卡车过不去。根据句子结构和句意可知空格处应该用or表示一个否定的条件意为“不然的话”。
分析句子结构及句与句之间的关系和相应的标点符号确定是否需要连接词连接从而确定是否缺少连词或连词多余以便增删连接词。
分析句子间的意义关系判断句子间连接词的使用是否正确。然后予以改正。and表并列；yet/while表转折；or表选择；so表因果；while表对比；when表“就在这时”等在做短文改错时一定要记牢。
(2015·四川)In fact
【解析】 so→but 句意：事实上我不想再去但是我怕失去他们的友谊。从上下文的语意分析可知它们并不是因果关系而是转折关系。
(2017·陕西)We ran to escape but fortunately no one was injured.
【解析】 but→and 句意：我们为逃命而奔跑
并列连词的考查主要是通过句子意义及两个并列成分之间的关系来判断连词词义。解题时准确理解题干的意义理清前后逻辑关系很重要。
(2017·广东)．..our rooms hadn't been reserved for that week________for the week after.
【解析】 but 句意：……我们的房间预订的不是那一周而是后一周。根据前面的hadn't判断本空填but。
(2017·新课标Ⅱ)There were many people waiting at the bus stop，________ some of them looked very anxious.
【解析】 and 句意：很多人在公交车站那里等着他们中一些人看上去很焦躁。空格前后是两个句子而且表示两种并列的状况所以要用and连接。
(2016·安徽合肥市八中第一次段考)My class will be over by then or I will pick you up there.
or→and 句意：到那时我下课了就去那里接你。分析前后两个句子的意思可知前后句子为顺承的并列句。
(2016·湖南衡阳八中二模)Some people think one should live to make money
2．and→but/while 句意：有些人认为人生活就得赚钱；而另一些人认为赚钱就是为了生活。分析前后两个句子的意思可知后面句子与前面句子的意思相反。
(2016·安徽示范性高中第二次联考)Many colleges have club sports available ________(校际的)team is not available.
either 句意：许多大学进行俱乐部体育运动会不是为了满足特别的兴趣需要就是为了填补校际联队不在的空缺。根据对句子中or前后意思的分析可知说明大学间进行俱乐部体育运动会的两个作用。
(2016·福建福州十三中高三期Once there lived a rich man who wanted to do something for the people of his town.________ first he wanted to find out whether they deserved his help.
2．But 句意：曾经有位想为镇上的人做些事情的富翁然而他首先想要了解他们是否值得他帮助。分析
3．(2015·山东肥城二中1月月考)Give them their happiness ________
3．and 句意：给他们快乐你也能收获到你自己的快乐。本句是“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”句式。
(2015·广西南宁They are open for one more day，________ I'm going to see it tonight.
4．so 句意：它们会再开放一天因此我今天晚上想去看。for more day导致了go to see it tonight所以本空填表示结果的连词so。
(2017·山西太原第三次诊断考试)I would like to have seen some dingoes(野狗)________ I didn't.
5．but 句意：我本想去看一些野狗但是并没有看到。根据would like to与I didn't的对比判断本空填表示转折的but。
(2017·甘肃西北师大附中12月月考)And they may be ________
6．either 句意：它们可能是圆的或方的。根据round和square判断填either；either...or...“或者……或者……”。
(2017·新疆师大附中12月月考)Should we choose a good major ________
7．or 句意：我们应该先选好的专业还是好的大学？根据choose判断和a good university是选择关系故填or。
(2017·山东威海高三模拟考试)Thanks for your advice________ this is something I have to figure out myself.
8．but 句意：多谢你的建议但是这是我必须要自己解决的事。分析句子结构可知这里用连词but表示转折意思是“但
9．(2017·山东淄博高三模拟考试)How many tests will Americans have to pass ________get their driving licenses?
9．before 句意：美国人在获得驾驶证前要经过多少次考试？根据句意可知这里应该用连词before意思是“在……之前”。
(2017·山东威海高三模拟考试)The greatest glory in living lies not in never falling________in rising every time we fall.
10．but 句意：生活中最荣耀的不在于从来没有跌倒过而在于每次跌倒都能够站起来。分析句子结构可知这里是并列连词not...but...“不是……而是……”的
1．(2016·四川)The dishes what I cooked were Mom's favorite.
what→that/which或去掉what 句意：我做的菜是妈妈最喜欢的。先行词dishes在定语从句中作宾语故应用that或省略关系代词。
(2017·广西)And it is wise to have as many good friends that we can.
that→as 句意：尽可能多交朋友是很明智的。本句是as...as...引导的定语从句先行词是good friends因为前面有as many修饰所以关系代词使用as指代先行词并在句中作省略的have的宾语。
(2016·新课标Ⅰ)But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid1980s，________ I was the first Western TV reporter...
1．when 句意：……但是我是第一个被允许拍摄一个特殊的关于照料……的单元的西方电视台记者。先行词the mid1980s在定语从句中作时间状语故应用when引导定语从句。
(2016·新课67)Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius，________ lived from roughly 551 to 479 B．C.，influenced the development of chopsticks.
2．who 句意：一些人认为生活在大约公元前551年到479年之间的中国的伟大学者孔子影响了筷子的发展进程。所填词引导非限制性定语从who。
(2016·浙江)The study suggests that the cultures we grow up in influence the basic processes by ________ we see the world around us.
3．which 句意：研究表明我们成长的文化影响我们看周围世界的基本过程。这是一个定语从句先行词为指物的the basic processes所以介词by后面用which。
(2016·浙江)Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears，none of ________ has been proved.
4．which 句意：关于人类为什么哭的时候会流泪科学家已经提出了很多理论没有一个是被证明的。这是一个非限制性定语从句theories，指物定语从句用“代词＋介词＋关系代词which”引导。
(2016·浙江)When the time came to make the final decision for a course，I decided to apply for the one ________
reflected my interest.
5．that 句意：当到了最后决定课程的时候我决the one，所以引导词要用that。
(2016·北京)I live next door to a couple ________ children often make a lot of noise.
6．whose 句意：我住在一对夫妻的隔壁他们家的孩子们总是很喧闹。此处用引导词whose在定语从句中作定语修饰children。
(2016·天津)We will put off the picnic in the park until next week，________ the weather may be better.
7．when 句意：我们将把在公园里进行野餐推迟到下周那时天气可能更好。空后是非限制性定语从句从句中缺少状语先行词是表示时间的名词next week故用when引导。
(2015·新课标Ⅰ)I'd skipped nearby Guilin，a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River ________ are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings．
that/which 句意：我没有参观附近的桂林——游客们寻找石灰岩山顶和that或which引导。
(2015·北京)Opposite is St.Paul's Church，________ you can hear some lovely music.
9．where 句意：对面是圣·保罗大教堂在那里你可以听到美妙的音乐。因为先行词St.Paul's Church在非限制性定语从句中where引导定语从句。
(2015·福建)China Today attracts a worldwide readership，________ shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.
10．which 句意：《今日中国》获得全世界读者的关注表明世界上越来越多的which引导非限制性定语从句代替前面整句话。
(2015·湖南)It is a truly delightful place，________ looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.
11．which 句意：这真是一个令人高兴的地方这个地方看起a truly delightful place是物且在非限制性定语从句中作主语所以用which引导。
(2015·天津)The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere ________ his employees enjoy their work.
12．where 句意：这家公where引导。
(2015·江苏)The number of smokers，________is reported，has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.
13．as 句意：据报道仅一年的时间吸烟人的数量就下降了百分之十七。此处由as引导非限制性定语从句表示“正
14．(2015·四川)The books on the desk，________ covers are shiny，are prizes for us.
14．whose 句意：桌子上封面发光的那些书是给我们的奖品。引导词在定语从句中作定语修饰covers故关系词用whose。
(2015·陕西)As the smallest child of his family，Alex is always longing for the time ________ he should be able to be independent.
15．when 句意：作为家里最小的孩子艾历克斯一直期盼他能够独立。先行词为时间名词the time定语从句中缺少状语所以填关系副词when。
(2017·新课标Ⅰ)Maybe you have a habit ________ is driving your family crazy.
16．that/which 句意：可能你有一个令你的家人发疯的习惯。habit后是一个定语从句所填词引导该从句且作主语故用that或which。
(2017·山东)A company ________ profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.
17．whose 句意：国内市场利润下降的公司可以从国外市场上寻找机会。所填词引导定语从句并在从句中作定语故用whose。
(2017·江苏)The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication，especially at work ________ a good impression is a must.
18．where 句意：这本书在日常交流方面对我帮助很大尤其是在需要有良好印象的工作中。work在此为表示地点的名词其后是一个定语从句；要填的词引导从句并在从句中作状语故用关系副词where。
(2017·湖南)I am looking forward to the day ________ my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.
19．when 句意：我一直都在期待我的女儿能够读懂这本书并了解我对她的感情的那一天。要填的词引导一个定语从句先行词是表示时间的the day；从句缺少状语故填when。
(2017·北京)I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week，________ my classmates recommended to me.
20．which 句意：上星期我从图书馆借阅了《夏洛克·福尔摩斯》一书它是我同学推荐给我的。逗号后是一个非限制性定语从句要填的词引导从句并在从句中作宾语指事物故填which。
(2017·重庆)We'll reach the sales targets in a month ________ we set at the beginning of the year.
21．that/which 句意：一个月内我们将要实现年初我们设定的销售目标。此处用that或which代替the sales targets 在定语从句中作set的宾语。
(2017·陕西)Please send us all the information ______ you have about the candidate for the position.
22．that 句意：请你把你手头的有关这个职位的候选人的所有信息发给我们。分析句子结构可知空格处为定语从句引导词定语从句先行词为all the information故填that。注：which引导的定语从句不修饰用all修饰的先行词。
(2017·四川)Until now，we have raised 50，000 pounds for the poor children，________ is quite unexpected.
23．which 句意：直到现在我们已经为贫困的孩子筹集到了五万英镑这真的出乎意料。分析句子结构可知空格处为非限制性定语从句引导词指代上文提到的整件事情故填which。
(2017·福建)Students should involve themselves in community activities________ they can gain experience for growth.
24．where 句意：应该让学生参与社团活动在活动中他们能够获得成长所需要的经验。分析句子结构可知从空格处一直到句尾为定语从句修饰先行词activities并且先行词在定语从句中作地点状语故填关系副词where。
(2017·安徽)The exact year ________ Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008.
25．that/which 句意：安吉拉和她家人一起在中国度过的确切年份是2008年。分析句子结构可知空格处为定语从句的引导词先行词为the exact year在从句中作spent的宾语指物故填that或which。
首先识别该句是否为定语从句然后根据先行词的性质判断关系词的使用是否正确并
2．确定句子的先行词分析引导词在从句中充当什么成分作主语、宾语、表语用关系代词which/that/who/whom/as；作定语用whose；作状语用关系副词when/where/why；作介词宾语用关系代词which/whom。根据引导词在定语从句中所作的成分来判断关系词的使用是否正确。
3判断定语从句是非限制性定语从句还是限制性定语从句从而判断句中关系词的使用是否正确。
解答定语从句类问题关键是找准先行词分析句子结构确定从句所
(2015·重庆)He wrote many children's books，nearly half of ________ were published in the 1990s.
【解析】 which 句意：他写了许多儿童读物几乎一半是在20世纪90年代出版的。分析句子结构可知该题是非限制性定语从句先行词是books所以填which。
(2017·江西)Among the many dangers ________ sailors have to face，probably the greatest of all is fog.
【解析】 which/that 句意：水手要面临的众多危险之中可能最危险的就是大雾了。所填词引导定语从句修饰先行词dangers并在从句中作宾语故用which或that。
(2017·广东)The next day，my brother and I went to the beach ________ we watched some people play volleyball.
【解析】 where 句意：第二天我和弟弟去了海边。在那里我们看到一些人在打沙滩排球。所填词引导定语从句先行词是beach；从句缺少地点状语故用where。
(2016·四川成都I was in college where my father passed away.
1．where→when 句意：我父亲去世时我在上大学。分析前后两个句子可知后一句是前一句所发生的时间应为时间状语从句须用when连接。
(2016·福建福州十三中高三期中)Once there lived a rich man ________
1．who 句意：城里曾经有个想为市民做些事情的富翁。根据空白前后的结构分析可知后面是修饰a rich man的定语从句由于其缺少主语故用who引导。
(2016·江西南昌高三联考)Nowadays________ calls for our great concern.
2．which 句意：目前学校暴力是个热点问题。我认为这是一个需要我们极大的关注的现象。从句子结构分析可以看出空白后面句子是一个非限制性定语从句对前面句子进行补充说明。
(2016·安徽合肥八中第一次段考)He led me to a table and poured tea________ there were thirty vacant tables.
3．when 句意：他把我带到一张桌子旁边倒上茶而我问他晚上还有三十多张空桌子为什么就在门上挂出“售罄”的招牌。根据前night的定语从句。先行词在从句中作时间状语关系副词用when。
(2017·河北隆化存瑞中学高三二检)They think it may be something unusual ________ in the water.
4．that 句意：他们认为在水中可能生活着某些不寻常的东西。空格后的句子是不定代词something的定语所填词引导that。
(2017·山西运城期末调研)The gentleman________ I had been calling “sir” during the whole interview，was wearing a skirt.
5．who/whom 句意：我在整个面试中一直称呼为“先生”的那位绅士穿着一条短裙。空格后的句子是gentleman的定语所填词引导从句并在who或whom。
(2017·内蒙古一机一中12月月考)Instead many of them write letters to newspapers and magazines ________ny different subjects.
6．that/which 句意：相反他们中的许多人给对很多不同主题提供建议的报纸或杂志写信。空格后newspapers and magazines的定语所填词引导从句并在从句中作主语可以用that或which。
(2017·新疆师大附中12月月考)
However________ think differently believe that the environment is important to one's development.
7．who 句意：然而那些those后是定语从句而且空格处的词在从句中作主语指人所以填who。
(2017·山西高三第三次诊断考试)We've reached the Nullabor Plain ________
8．which/that 句意：我们已经到达了纳拉伯平原它1 000千米是完全平坦的。空格后的句子是Nullabor Plain的定语所填词引导该从句并在从句中作主语可以用which或that。
(2017·江西南昌高三二模)Without thinking too much about it________ I knew I could find clothes in the “Lost and Found” box.
9．where 句意：没有想太多我来到了学生事务办公室我知道在那里我能在失物招领箱里找到衣服。空后的句子用来修饰表示地点的the Student Affairs Office从句缺少地点状语故填where。
(2017·湖南四大名校3月联考)With the tourist trade boomingction of nature，________，of course，is of great importance.
10．which 句意：随着旅游业的繁荣这个地区的居民更关注对自然的保护这当然是非常重要的。分析句子结构可知空格处引导非限制性定语从句并在从句中作主语指代前面居民的做法用which。
．(2016·新课标Ⅰ)My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.
that→where 句意：我的叔叔是我住处附近一家餐馆的拥有者。宾语从句中缺少地点状语故用where引导。
(2016·新课标Ⅱ)My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday.
how→what 句意：我和我的同学们正在讨论假期该干什么。此处应用“what＋不定式”作动词短语talk about的宾语同时what还要作动词do的逻辑宾语。
(2015·新课标Ⅱ)After looking at the toy for some time
3．where→that或去掉where 句意：看了一会儿玩具之后他转身发现父母亲不见了。found后是宾语从句从句中不缺少成分且意义完整故用that引导可以省略。
(2016·北京)Your support is important to our work.________ you can do helps.
1．Whatever 句意：你的支持对于我们的工作很重要不管你做什么都能帮助我们。分析句子成分可知本空需要连接代词whatever引导主语从句并在从句中作do的宾语。
(2016·北京)The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is ________ one can be entirely free from dust.
2．that 句意：雨季最让that引导。
(2016·天津)The manager put forward a suggestion ________ we should have an assistant.There is too much work to do.
3．that 句意：经理提suggestion后是同位语从句从句的结构和意义均完整故用that引导。
(2015·北京)________we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.
4．How 句意：我们如何理解事情和我们的感受有很大的关系。主语从句中缺少的是表示“如何”的方式状语所以这里使用how引导。
(2015·福建)—I wonder ________Mary has kept her figure after all these years.
—By working out every day.
5．how 句意：——我想知道这么多年来玛丽是怎样保持身材的。通过每天锻炼。根据答语中的“By working out every day”可知问句问方式所以用how引导宾语从句。
(2015·湖南)You have to know ________ you're going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.
6．where 句意：如果你想要计划好去那里的最好方式你必须要知道你到底去哪里。根据句意可知宾语从句中缺少一个地点状语所以这里使用where引导。
(2015·重庆)We must find out ________ Karl is coming，so we can book a room for him.
7．when 句意：我们必须弄清卡尔什么时间来那样我们可以给他定一个房间。根据句意可知填when。
(2017·广东)I didn't understand ________this would happen and...
8．why 句意：我不理解为什么这会发生…… understand后是宾语从句根据didn't understand判断从句的引导词表示“为什么”意义故填why。
(2017·福建)Pick yourself up.Courage is doing ________ you're afraid to do.
9．what 句意：振作起来。勇气就是做你害怕做的事情。所填词引导宾语从句并在从句中作do的宾语what。
(2017·浙江)“Every time you eat a sweet，drink green tea.” This is ________ my mother used to tell me.
10．what 句意：“每次吃甜食时喝点绿茶。”这是我母亲以前经常告诉我的。所填词引导表语从句并在从句中作tell的宾语指事物故填what。
(2017·四川)Grandma pointed to the hospital and said，“That's ________ I was born.”
11．where 句意：奶奶指着那家医院说：“那就是我出生的地方。”所填词引导表语从句在从句中作地点状语故填where。
(2017·重庆)—Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday?
—Yeah，but I have no idea ________ he did it；that's one of his favorite universities.
why 句意：——迈克昨天拒绝了耶鲁大学的录取是真的吗？——是的但我不知道他为什么这样做；那是他最喜欢的大学之一。所填词引导同位语从句修饰名词idea并在从句中表示原因故用why。
(2017·陕西)________ the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.
13．When 句意：延迟的航班何时起飞主要取决于天气情况。所填词引导主语从句在从句中作时间状语故填When。
分析句子结构确定主句的谓语动词确定主句的主谓结构
2．弄清楚句子结构分析从句在主句中所充当的成分确定从句所属类型：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句还是同位语从句判断连接词的使用是否正确。
名词性从句的考点主要集中在从句的引导词上。解决此类题首先要明确各种名词性从句都由哪些词来引导再通过句子结构判断出是名词性从句后分析从句所缺的句子成分及所填的词要表达的具体意义从而明确答案。
(2015·陕西)Reading her biography，I was lost in admiration for ________ Doris Lessing had achieved in literature.
【解析】 what 句意： 读了她的自传我非常羡慕多莉丝·莱辛在文学中所获得的成就。what 引导宾语从句并在从句中作宾语。
(2017·广西)Exactly ________ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain，but it was probably around 1565.
【解析】 when 句意：土豆被引进到欧洲的确切时间还不确定但可能是在1565年左右。所填词引导主语从句并在从句中作状语表示时间故用when。
(2015·黑龙江大庆高三二模)People who visited me used to ask me ________？How can you get used to so much noise？”
how 句意：拜访过我的人曾ask的宾语从句而且需要表示“如何”之意故填how。
(2015·吉林省实验中学三检)That is
________
2．what 句意：那就是鹰学会了相信的东西。所填词引导表语从句并在从句中作动词believe的宾语用what。
(2017·甘肃会宁五中第三次月考)That just goes to show that as a matter of fact when you really love a person you don't care ________
3．what 句意：那正好表明实际上当你真正爱一个人的时候是不会在乎他或她是什么国籍的。care的宾语从句的引导词需要nationality的定语表示“什么国籍”故用what。
4(2017·河北衡水中学高三六调)You know ________
4．what 句意：你知道青少年女孩像什么样子。know的宾语从句的引导词需要在从句中作like的宾语故用what。
(2017·辽宁大连六校期末联考)I didn't know ________ instead of mom.
5．why 句意：我不知道为什么在家里的是他而不是妈妈。从句的引导词表示原因故用why。
(2017·贵州贵阳一中月考四)One concern relates to a lack of control over ________
6．what 句意：关注的事之一涉及在因特网和电视上出现的东西缺乏监管。本空用来引导over后的宾语从句在从句中作主语故填what。
(2017·湖南十三校第一次联考)________
7．What 句意：众所周知的是中国在航天工业方面有很尖端的技术。分析句子结构可知空格处要引导主语从句而且从句缺少主语所以用what。
(2017·山东潍坊高三模拟考试)It suddenly occurred to me ________
8．that 句意：我突然It occurs/occurred to sb.that...是固定句型意思是“某人想起某事”是形式主语引导的从句是真正的主语。
(2017·山东烟台高三模拟考试) ________
9．That 句意：选手没有休息好不应该是输掉这场比赛的借口。所填的词引导主语从句而且从句意思和结构完整所以这里用that；that在这里没有实际意义只起引导的作用。
．(2015·浙江)If I was only a child when I studied in that classroom
1．If→Although/Though 句意：在那间教室学习时尽管
2．(2017·新课标Ⅰ)Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year
2．but→yet或去掉but 句意：尽管我们让圣女果树在同一地方年复一年地生长但是我们从未遇到任何疾病或昆虫侵害之类的问题。从属连词与并列连词不可连用但如果删去连词although则其句子的主语we须大写首字母显然不符合命题要求故去掉but或把but改为yet。
(2016·新课标Ⅲ)Over time，________
the population grew，people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.
1．as/when 句意：经过一段时间随着人口的增长人们开始把食物切成小块这样熟得更快。as/when引导时间状语从句。
(2016·四川)________ it cried，she rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats.
2．When/If 句意：当它哭的时候她来回摇晃它并且安慰地拍拍它。用when来引导时间状语从句或用if引导条件状语从句表示“如果……。
(2016·北京) I really enjoy listening to music ________
it helps me relax and takes my mind away from other cares of the day.
3．because 句意：我真的很喜欢听音乐因为它能帮助我放松让我不去想一天中别的烦心事。根据句意可知这里用because引导原因状语从句。
(2015·北京)________the damage is done，it will take many years for the farmland to recover.
4．Once/If/When 句意：
5．(2015·江苏)It is so cold that you can't go outside ________ fully covered in thick clothes.
5．unless 句意：天气很冷如果你没有穿厚衣服就别出去了。根据句意可知这里需要一unless符合。
(2015·天津)We need to get to the root of the problem ________ we can solve it.
6．before 句意：在解决问题之前我们需要找到问题的根源。before引导时间状语从句表示“在……之前”符合语境。
(2017·山东)I don't really like the author，________ I have to admit his books are very exciting.
7．(al)though 句意：我实在是不喜欢那位作家尽管我不得不承认他的作品非常激动人心。根据句意判断两句之间是让步关系故可填连词(al)though“虽然尽管”。
(2017·江西)It was the middle of the night ________ my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.
8．when 句意：午夜时分父亲叫醒我告诉我看足球比赛。when“当……时候”引导时间状语从句。
(2017·陕西)The young couple who returned my lost wallet，left ________ I could ask for their names.
9．before 句意：将丢失钱包归还给我的那对年轻夫妇在我问他们的姓名之前就已经离开了。结合句意可知此处填before引导时间状语从句表示“在……之前”。
(2017·湖南)You will never gain success ________ you are fully devoted to your work.
10．unless 句意：如果你不全身心投入工作你就不可能获得成功。根据主从句的句意及逻辑关系可知后面句子为前面句子的条件故填unless。
(2017·安徽)It's much easier to make friends ________ you have similar interests.
11．when/if 句意：当/如果你们有相同的兴趣爱好就when或if。
(2017·湖南)You must learn to consult your feelings and your reason ________ you reach any decision.
12．before 句意：在做任何决定之前你都必须要权衡你的情感和理智。根据句意可知这里应该是由before引导的时间状
13．(2017·重庆)________ we have enough evidence，we can't win the case.
13．Unless 句意：除非我们有足够的证据否则我们就赢不了这个案子。分析句子结构和句意可知这里应该是unless引导的条件状语从句意思是“除非如果不……”相当于if...not。
(2017·辽宁)One can always manage to do more things，no matter________full one's schedule is in life.
14．how 句意：无论一个人的生活日程有多么满他总能设法做更多的事情。“no matter＋疑问词”结构引导让步状语从句疑问词修饰full表示程度用how。no matter how“无论多么……。
分析句子结构找到主句的谓语动词确定句子的主谓结构查看句子连接是否正确。
理解句意把握句子的内在逻辑关系确定从句在句中的作用及引导词在句中所作的成分检查连接词是否正确。
(2015·陕西)My only mistake was that I dropped some on the floor after I was packing them up.
【解析】 after→when/while 句意：我唯一的错误是在我将它们打包的时候掉了一些在地上。根据句意及was packing可知应该在was packing up期间发生。
状语从句的考查集中在连词的使用上。解题时要认真分析主、从句之间的逻辑关系明确从句表示时间、地点、条件、原因、让步、方式、比较等再根据各种从句固
(2015·陕西)I believe you will have a wonderful time here ________ you get to know everyone else.
【解析】 once 句意：我相信一旦你慢慢认识了其他人你就会在这儿玩得很开心。once引导条件状语从句表示“一旦”
(2017·辽宁)Oh...，________ you don't mind，I'll stop and...
【解析】 if 句意：哦……如果你不介意的话我就停下来……此处表示的是“如果你不介意的话……”所以填if引导条件状语从句。
．(2016·安徽合肥八中第一次段考)Unfortunately I won't be able to meet you at the airport although I have classes in the afternoon.
although→because/as 句意：不幸的是我不能来机场见你因为我下午有课。根据前后两个句子的意思可知其逻
1．(2015·河南洛阳第一次统考)Her simple act gave me joy even ________
1．if/though 句意：她单纯的行为给了我快乐即使我不是特别喜欢甜食。even if/though是关联词
2．(2017·山西运城期末调研)I was so nervous ________
2．that 句意：我太紧张了以致没有听到经理的名字。根据前面的so判断本空填that；so...that...“如此……以致……”引导结果状语从句。
(2017·甘肃西北师大附中12月月考)It will be great ________e information about chopsticks.
3．if 句意：如果你能告诉我一些关于筷子的信息那就太好了。此处表示“如果你能告诉我一些关于筷子的信息”所填的词表示条件故用if。
(2017·新疆师大附中12月月考)．..because no matter ________d if we try our best.
4．where 句意：……因为无论我们在哪里学习如果我们付出努力我们仍然能够在某些领域取得成绩。此处表示“无论我们在哪里学习”故填where。
(2017·广西南宁第一次适应性检测)She only uses that name ________
5．when 句意：她只有画画时才用那个名字。故填连词when引导时间状语从句。
(2017·湖南四大名校联考)To our surprise________much effort has been made，the cause of the accident has not been found out.
6．although/though 句意：令我们很吃惊的是尽管我们做出了很大努力事故的原因还是没有查明。根据句意可知这里应该是用连词although或though引导让步状语从句。
(2017·山东烟台高三模拟考试)I think it's better to give it a second thought ________
7．as/because/for/since 句意：因为我们中的很多人认为那是一次冒险所以我认为你最好还是三思。根据句意可知空格处引导的从句应是说明原因。
(2017·山东烟台高三期末试题)Mom________ it doesn't affect my studies?
8．as 句意：妈妈你不认为只要不影响学习我可以偶尔玩一下吗？根据句子结构可知这里应该是一个状语从句结合句意应该用as引导意思是“只要”。
(2017·安徽皖南八校联考)Neighbors said they heard the man tell the woman that she couldn't leave________
9．unless 句意：邻居说他们听到那个男人告诉那个女人除非她归还向他借的钱不然她不能离开。根据句意可知这里应该用unless引导条件状语从句。
(2017·山东威海高三模拟考试) ________
10．Whether 句意：无论是开心还是悲伤最终都会成为生命中的回忆。分析句子结构可知空格处引导的是一个让步状语从句再根据后面的or可知这里应该用whether。
并列句由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的
并列连词是用来连接两个或多个并列的词、短语或句子的词，主要表示并列、选择、转折、因果等关系。并列连词在句子中位置比较固定，必须位于所连接的并列单位之间；两个并列连词不能并用。
表示并列关系的连词
表示并列关系的连词有and等。
He started to shout and sing.
Both New York and London have traffic problems.
Not only the students but(also)their teacher is enjoying the movie.
表示选择关系的连词
表示选择关系的连词有or等。
Will you have tea(or)coffee or lemonade?
You can either write or phone to request a copy.
表示转折关系的连词
表示转折关系的连词有but等。
Learning the guitar isn't difficult
She trained hard all year yet still failed to reach her best form.
I drink black coffee while he prefers it with cream.
表示因果关系的连词
表示因果关系的连词有for。
We listened eagerly
一、定语从句
(一)关系词的用法
引导定语从句的关系词包括关系代词和关系副词两类。关系词在定语从句中起连接作用同时代替先行词在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语成分。
关系词 被修饰的先行词 关系词在从句中充当的成分
指人的词 主语、宾语
whom 指人的词 宾语
whose 指人或物的词 定语
that 指人或物的词 主语、宾语、表语
which 指物的词或整个主句 主语、宾语
as 指人或物的词或整个主句 主语、宾语
when 表示时间的名词 时间状语
where 表示地点的名词 地点状语
why 表示原因的名词reason 原因状语
The people who called yesterday want to buy the house.
The author(whom)you criticized has written a letter in reply.
Do you know the girl whose father is a doctor?
The person that you talked about just now is Mr Liu.
Football is a game which is liked by most boys.
Tom was late for work again this morning，which made the boss angry.
As is known to all，China is the biggest developing country in the world.
I still remember the day when(on which)I first came to this school.
This is the small village where(in which)he was born.
The reason why(for which)he refused the invitation is not clear.
作宾语的关系代词可以省略但在介词后作宾语的关系代词不可以省略；关系副词一般可用“介词＋关系代词”代替。
(二)关系代词that与which的用法区别
只用that的情况
(1)
I can still remember the teacher and his lessons that give me a most lasting impression.
(2)先行词前有序数词(恰恰正好)或形容词的最高级修饰或先行词本身就是序数词或形容词的最高级时。
The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben.
that I have seen.
(3)当先行词是不定代词或先行词被不定代词修饰时。
Have you taken down everything that Mr Li said?
(4)当主句是以which或who开头的疑问句或有一个定语从句已经由which引导
Who is the man that is standing there?
They secretly built a small factory，which produced things that could cause pollution.
只用which的情况
(1)“介词＋关系代词”结构中指物的关系代词只能用which(指人时用whom)。
This is the school in which I studied 10 years ago.
(2)在非限制性定语从句中指物的关系代词只能用which。
The meeting was put off
(3)当先行词本身就是that时。
What's that which flashed in the sky just now?
(三)“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
定语从句中的介词或定语从句的谓语部分中的介词有时会提到关系代词前面形成“介词＋关系代词”的结构。使用该结构时要注意以下几个问题：
介词的确定
该结构中的介词应依据定语从句的谓语部分的习惯搭配或介词与先行词的搭配来确定。
Who is the girl with whom you just shook hands？(根据shake hands with...确定)
He built a telescope through which he could study the skies.(根据先行词的需要确定即through the telescope)
关系代词的使用
介词放在关系代词之前时关系代词不用that。指物时用which指人时用whom作定语时用whose。
The factory in which he once worked is torn down.
Last month，part of the province was struck by floods，from whose effects the people are still suffering.
“不定代词或数词＋of＋关系代词”结构
不定代词或数词＋of＋关系代词”常在定语从句中作
China has a lot of islands，one of which is Taiwan.
There are a lot of students here，none of whom like the film.
“名词＋of which”结构
名词＋of which”常代替“whose＋名词”在定语从句中作定语。
I saw some trees(＝whose leaves)were black with disease.
itle of which(＝whose title)I've forgotten.
“介词＋关系代词”结构的省略
当主从句主语一致时介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句可以省略成“介词＋关系代词＋不定式”结构。
I have a computer with which I can look for much information.→I have a computer with which to look for much information.
(四)which和as引导非限制性定语从句的区别
当先行词不是主句中的某个词而是整个主句时关系代词用which或as但二者的用法也有区别。
which引导的非限as引导的从句可在主句前、主句后也可以在主句中间。
I failed again in the match great pity.
As we had expected，he opposed the plan.
which通常意为“这；这一点”通常表示说话人的态度、看法、解释等意为“正如”。
He sold his bicycle
As we know，smoking is harmful to our health.
＝Smoking is harmful to our health
有时限制性定语从句也可用as引导但此时先行词前一般有the same等词修饰。
which引导的此类定语从句与前面的which引导的定语从句表示“果”。
Jim is addicted to computer gamesich upsets his parents very much.
(五)定语从句与同位语从句的区别
(1)that引导的定语从句与同位语从句的区别
引导定语从句的关系代词that在定语从句中充当主语或宾语充当宾语时that可省略指物时大多可与which互换；引导同位语从句的that在从句中不充当任何成分只起引导作用且that不可省略。
The news(that)they told me made me excited.(定语从句)
The news that our team won made me excited.(同位语从句)
(2)when引导的定语从句与同位
when，where，why引导定语从句时引导词在从句中充当状语被修饰词必须是指时间、地点、原因的名词；而引导同位语从句时引导词虽然也在从句中作状语但是被修饰词通常是表示抽象意义的名词如idea等。
I have no idea where his birthday party will be held.(同位语从句)
He showed me the place where he found the wallet.(定语从句)
二、名词性从句
名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句四种。每一种从句都有自己的引导词引导词都位于从句句首且从句使用陈述语序。
(一)名词性从句的引导词
引导词 用法
从属连词 that等 均不在句子中作成分。that没有意义引导宾语从句时可以省略；whether和if意为“是否”在宾语从句中可互换使用但在其他名词性从句中只用whether
连接代词 what等 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语等成分
连接副词 when
however等 在从句中作状语
The trouble is that we are short of money.
He hasn't decided whether he will go there.
Do you know who has got first prize?
What we need is more practice.
Whoever has helped to save the drowning boy is worth praising.
When he will go abroad hasn't been decided yet.
No one knew why he made such a mistake.
(二)名词性从句的类别
主语从句
(1)主语从句多放在主句谓语动词前构成：主语从句＋谓语动词＋其他
That he passed the driving test made us very happy.
(2)it作形式主语常见的结构有：
＋be＋形容词＋that从句；
＋be＋名词(词组)＋that从句；
＋be＋过去分词＋that从句；
＋ occur/matter等不及物动词＋that从句
It is certain that you will pass the college entrance exam.
It is a pity that I missed the party held last night.
It is reported that the accident was caused by carelessness.
It had never occurred to him that he might be falling in love with her.
表
(1)表语从句跟在系动词后构成：主语＋系动词＋表语从句
The beautiful views and the friendly people are what newcomers like in San Francisco.
(2)because引导的表语从句强调原因而why引导的表语从句强调结果。
I think it's because you're careless.
(3)The reason why...＋be ＋ that从句
The reason why he was absent was that he was ill.
(4)What从句＋be＋that从句
What comforted the young mother was that the baby came to life.
(5)It looks/seems as if/as though从句
It looks as if it is going to rain.
宾语从句
(1)主语＋及物动词＋宾语从句
主语＋不及物动词＋介词＋宾语从句
I know that he is an intelligent and hardworking boy.
(2)it作形式宾语宾语从句后置。常用的谓语动词有：make等。
I find it important that we should keep calm in danger.
(3)有些动词不能直接跟宾语从句需要借助形式宾语it。常见的有like等。
I hate it when people speak with their mouths full.
(4)在think等动词后的宾语从句若是否定的就将否定词转移到主句谓语动词上。
I don't think your answers are right.
同位语从句
(1)跟在名词后对名词的内容给予说明。常见的名词有faction，belief，evidence等。
The fact that she is good at English makes her the right person for the job.
(2)同位语从句与名词之间有时会被句子的其他成分隔开形成间隔性同位语从句。
Word came that our team had won the game.
(三)whether和if引导名词性从句的区别
whether和if引导宾语从句时大多数情况下可以通用但其他情况下二者还是有一定的区别。下列情况下一般用whether不用if：
(1)引导主语从句并位于句首时
Whether she is coming doesn't matter much.
(2)引导表语从句和同位语从句时
What we want to know is whether he will give a speech to us tomorrow.
They asked me the question whether the work was worth doing.
(3)引导介词的宾语从句时
I'm not interested in whether he will come or not.
(4)引导discuss的宾语从句时
They will have a meeting to discuss whether they should close the shop.
(5)与or not连用时
There were times when I wondered whether or not we would get there.
(四)whateverer的用法
引导名词性从句表示泛指含有“任何……”之意有时也表示疑问；而what则表示特指意义。
Whoever did this will sooner or later be caught and will be punished.
I believe whatever he told me.
I believe what he told me.
三、状语从句
(一)时间状语从句
when的用法
一般情况下若主句表示的是一个短暂性动作从句是一个持续性动作三者都可以用。
(1)when引导的时间状语从句中的谓语可以用非延续性动词也可以用延续性动词而while从句中的谓语必须是延续性动词。
Were you writing when the teacher came in?
n/While my mother was cleaning the room，I was washing my clothes.
(2)when引导的从句的动作和主句的动作可以是同时发生也可以是先后发生；while则强调主句的动作发生在从句动作发生的
When the clock struck twelve，all the lights went out.
While they were talking，the bell rang.
(3)as引导的从句的动作与主句动作同时发生。若从句动作的时间概念淡化而主要表示主句动作发生的背景或条件时只能用as。
The students took notes as they listened.
before的用法
引导时间状语从句时表示主句动作发生在从句动作之前翻译时比较灵活常译为“在……之前；不等……就；之后才”。
Check your report carefully before you hand it in.
The film had already begun before they got to the cinema.
Several days had gone by before I knew my dictionary was lost.
until/till的用法
(1)主句是肯定句时主句的谓语用延续性动词指动作一直持续到从句谓语表示的动作发生
You may stay here until school is over.
I waited for him in the office until the meeting was over.
(2)主句是否定句时主句的谓语用短暂性动词指动作一直到从句谓语表示的动作发生时才开始意为“直到……才……。
He didn't go to bed until his wife came back.
since的用法
(1)since引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时谓语通常是短暂性动词主句常用完成时态。
I have been teaching in this school since I left college.
(2)since常出现在“It is/has been＋一段时间＋since...”句式中表示“自从……以来已经多长时间”。从句谓语动词是延续性动
It's been two years since we came here.
It's been a year since I smoked.
表示“一……就……”的引导词的用法
等引导时间状语从句时都表示“一……就……”之意。
The moment/minute the little girl saw her mother(＝The little girl burst out crying immediately she saw her mother.)
No sooner had he reached home than it began to rain.
Hardly had I walked into the house when the phone rang.
名词(短语)the moment也可用
(二)原因状语从句
原因状语从句一般用because等来引导。
because语气最强表示必然的因果关系用来回答why的提问。
She's got the job because she has the advantage of knowing many languages.
since语气稍弱表示对方已经知晓的原因或事实意为“既然；因为；由于”。
Since it was late
Since we are free，let's go to the cinema.
as语气最弱往往不是明显的原因只是对结果的附带说明。
As he wasn't there
(三)让步状语从句
让步状语从句一般用(al)though＋疑问词疑问词ever引导。
Though he had a cold
While I like the style of the coat，I do not like its color.
He will come on time even if it rains.
as引导让步状语从句时从句的表语、状语、谓语部分的实义动词需置于句首若表语是可数名词单数其前不能有冠词。
Proud as they are
Try as he might，he still couldn't lift the big case.
Child as he is，he learns many things from the books.
疑问词ever与“no matter＋疑问词”引导让步状语从句时可以互换。
Keep calm
Wherever/No matter where you go，I'll go with you.
疑问词ever既可以引导让步状语从句也可以引导名词性从句而“no matter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句。
(四)目的状语从句
目的状语从句用so thatorder that，in case引导从句谓语常含有may等情态动词。当主从句主语一致时可以把从句转化成不定式。
We turned on the light so that we could see clearly what it was.→We turned on the light so as to see clearly what it was.
I don't think Susan will be sad but I'll go and comfort her in case she is.
(五)结果状语从句
结果状语从so...that...，such...that，so that引导。so是副词修饰形容词或副词；such是形容词修饰名词名词前有表示数量的little(少)等修饰时用so。
He was so angry that he couldn't say a word.
It was such delicious food that they ate it up.
The teacher spoke loud so that everybody heard him.
(六)地点状语从句
地点状语从句用where引导。
Where there is smoke
You can put the book wherever you like.
(七)条件状语从
条件状语从句用if等引导相当于if...not。
I will buy a computer if I am able to save up enough money.
happy as long as you are happy.
(八)方式状语从句
方式状语从句用as引导。as if/though引导的从句常用虚拟as if从句要用陈述语气)。
You must do the work as you are told.
were a stranger.
It looks as if it's going to rain.
(九)比较状语从句
比较状语从句由as引导从句do，does，did代替与主句部分相同的谓语。
There are as many people in our town as(there are)in your town.
r player than(she was)last year.
语法填空
are facing some seemingly unbeatable challenges in their lives.Some have lost their jobs __1__ some have failed marriages.And too many have health problems.
I don't know if it is desperation that __2__(cause) them to turn to me for advice or whether they have come to value our friendship.But it is difficult to offer words of hope when all they feel is __3__(hope)．They expect answers to get them back on their feet again.
__4__ I have faced many of the same challenges in my own life.I remember how empty I felt __5__ someone cheerfully offered words like “Things will get __6__(good)！”
__7__ a source of hope or a good example of what to do through printed words，I have even more people __8__(contact) me.
So what do I say？“Begin again.”
__9__ it is indeed the answer.All life challenges bring about __10__ ending and the chance for beginning.
1．and 两个句子讲的都是朋友遇到的问题是并列关系故填连词and。
causes if引导的从句中使用了强调句式it is...that被强调部分是句子的主语desperation本空是句子的谓语故填第三人称单数形式causes。
hopeless 在句子中作表语主语是all指代他们的感受根据句意可知填形容词hopeless“无望的”。
because 空格后的句子解释的是前面句子所说事情发生的原因故填连词because。
after 根据语境及逻辑关系判断此处说的是别人说完鼓励的话“之后”我的感受所以本空填连词after。
better 本句暗含未来与目前状况的比较用比较级better。
as think of...as...“认为……是……”是固定短语此处用的是其现在分词的被动式作原因状语。
contacting people与contact是主动关系故填现在分词。
but 句意：这听起来很简单但的确就是答案。故填表示转折的连词but。
an 句意：生活中的挑战总会结束并且会是重新开始的机会。泛指“结尾结束”前用不定冠词。
短文改错
came in，giving her a pile of reports.To her surprise，he was not the man had interviewed her.He introduced him as Tim.She tried to finish the work that day，so everything was confusing.After work，she left the office and went back to the lift.On the tenth floor，she met John，which had interviewed her.“Alice，I thought you were starting with us this morning，” He said.“My god！” she sudden realized！”
a quarter to nine.She took the lift to the eleventh floor，and the secretary showed her
her desk and her computer were.She talked to the man
near her， he was not friendly.Then，a boss came in，giving her a pile of reports.To her surprise，he was not the manhad interviewed her.He introduced
as Tim.She tried to finish the work that day， everything was confusing.After work，she left the office and went back to the lift.On the tenth floor，she met John， had interviewed her.“Alice，I thought you were starting with us this morning.” He said.“My god！” she
realized office all day！”
根据句子后面的a quarter to nine可知此处为具体的时间点其前应用at。
分析句子结构可知此处指办公桌和电脑所在的地方故用where。
动词seat意为“使……坐在……”表示状态时须用be 根据句意可知此处表示状态；也可用sitting来表示状态。
分析前后句意可知此处并非两件事not friendly可知指与前一句语意不一致的情况故用转折连词but。
分析句子结构可知后为定语从句而从句部分缺少主语根据先行词man可知加关系代词who/that。
分析句意可知此处指“他”自我介绍。
分析前后两个句子意思可知后一句并非前一句的结果而是与前一句并列只是意思发生了转变。
从句子结构分析可知此部分为前一句的非限制性定语从句而先行词是John所以用who引导。
根据后面的动词realized可知此处
10．根据文章内容及Alice所经历的事情可知她是走错了办公室。
语法填空
nt ways.Some ways of dealing with stress don't solve much.__1__ other ways can lead you to __2__(solve) your problem or at least feeling better.
Try taking these four steps the next time you are stressed：
help，reach out to the people __3__ care about you.Talk to your parents __4__ other relatives.And don't forget about your friends.They might have had similar problems.
Don't take it out on yourself.Sometimes when kids are stressed and upset they take it out on __5__(they)．Oh
Try to solve the problem.__6__ you're calm and you have support from adults and friends，it's time __7__(get) down to business.You need to figure out what the problem is.Even if you can't solve it all，you can solve a piece of it.
Be positive.Remember stress does go away，__8__(especial) when you figure out the problem and start working on solving it.These steps aren't magic，but they do work.And __9__ you can stay positive as you make your way through a tough time，you'll help yourself feel __10__(good) even faster.
1．But 根据don't solve much与can lead you...的对比判断本空填But。注
2．solving lead...to...中的to是介词所以to后若是动词要用动名词形式。
who/that 该空要填的词引导修饰people的定语从句并在从句中作主语可用who或that。
or 根据前面的parents及other relatives判断本空所填词表示选择故用or。
themselves 由本段开头的take it out on yourself判断这里要填反身代词themselves。
After 冷静下来有了家长和朋友的支持“之后”该你自己……了所以前后两句之间的逻辑关系应用after表达。
to get It's time to do...是固定句式表示“是时候做……了”。
especially 作状语表示程度意为“尤其特别”用副词especially。
if 此处表示“如果你保持积极的心态……”故填连词if引导条件状语从句。
better 根据后面的faster可知填better。
短文改错
om humor.He is kind but overweight，that brings him a lot of problems.Once one of my classmates laughed him，“Why are you so fat？” We all stopped to stare at Mikesize must be large enough to hold my heart of love.” Hearing his word，we all burst into laughter.Not only does Mike take the joke，and he also managed to cope with the embarrassed situation.What an important part humor plays in our daily life!
My friend Mike has benefited
from humor.He is kind but overweight， brings him a lot of problems.Once one of my classmates laughedhim，“Why are you so fat？” We all stopped to stare at Mike he would answer the question.He just said in
calm voice，“Well，because
my size must be large enough to hold my heart of love.” Hearing his ，we all burst into laughter.Not only
Mike take the joke， he also managed to cope with the
situation.What an important part humor plays in our daily life!
1．根据句子结构可知此处用副词修饰动词。
分析句意可知此为非限制性定语从句修饰前面的整个句子关系词须用which。
动词laugh为不及物动词带宾语时须接介词at意为“嘲笑”。
分析后面的从句可知此处须用连词连接宾语从句；根据动词wonder的意思及后面从句的意思可知须用how表示方式。
表示“以一种……样的声音说话”。
根据句子结构可知后面为句子而非名词或名词性短语不需要用介词。
分
8．结合后一分句中动词managed可知讲述过去发生的事情须用一般过去时。
根据前面的not only可知后面句子须用but连接构成not only...but also...“不仅……而且……”结构。
分析句意及后面的situation可知此处指“令人尴尬的”情况。
语法填空
__1__(family) have been shrinking from one with over 10 members to the other with only three including parents and one baby.Things are __2__(usual) out of our expectation.Apart from the benefits __3__ have been mentioned enough，small families are now beginning to have their own problems.Because parents are having __4__(few) children，they increasingly feel the need to control the lives of those children.As __5__ result，many children are becoming less independent，determined and ambitious __6__ in the past.Parents today discourage their children from doing housework，extracurricular activities and socializing __7__ they fear it will interrupt their education.For example，when I was younger I wanted to learn the guitar __8__ my parents wouldn't allow me because they
believed it would distract me from my studies.They are happy as long __9__ I perform wonderfully in my exams but don't seem concerned about how I develop as a person.
To some extent，I understand parents' concerns，but I think they should love their children for who they are，not what they want them to be.We deserve the chance __10__(follow) our own dreams and learn on our own.Even if we fail，we can learn from those failures.
1．families 集体名词family在此被看作整体意指多个这样的整体所以用复数形式。
usually 作时间状语意为“通常”故填副词usually。
that/which 引导定语从句并在从句中作that或which。
fewer 本句暗含实行计划生育后的家庭的孩子与之前相比“更少了”故填比较级形式fewer。
a as a result“因此”是固定短语。
than 根据前面的比较级形式less independent判断此处应为表示比较的连词than。
because 空格后的句子说明父母不让孩子做家务参加课外活动等的原因故because。
8but 根据I wanted...与wouldn't allow的对比判断应填表示转折的连词but。
as as long as“只要”引导条件状语从句。
to follow chance后一般用动词不定式作定语。
短文改错
Welcome to our English Corner.It was set up three years before.Every Sunday morning，students from different schools and some foreigners often took part.Gathering around here，we practise spoken English by talking about everything what we are interested in.We also exchange my experience in English study.We all have a good time here.Thousands of people have been here when it was set up.
We think which they have learned a lot by taking part in activity here.It is a really supplement to our English class and it is popular among students，their parents and teachers.They all think what it is helpful.If you want to know much about it，you may talk to the students here.
Ladies and gentlemen，
Welcome to our English Corner.It was set up three years .Every Sunday morning，students from different schools and some foreigners often
part.Gathering around here，we practise spoken English by talking about everything 或 we are interested in.We also exchange
experience in English study.We all have a good time here.Thousands of people have been here
it was set up.
或 they have learned a lot by taking part in
here.It is a
supplement to our English class and it isstudents，their parents and teachers.They all think 或 it is helpful.If you want to know
about itto the students here.
1．three years ago“三年前”。before与完成时连用。
提示要用一般现在时。
分析句子结构可知此处后面为定语从句修饰先行词everything并在从句中作介词in的宾语故用that也可省略。
人称保持一致主语是we故用our。
句意：自从英语角创立起已有数千人来到这儿。since后的从句用一般过去时主句用现在完成时。
从句子结构分析可知后面接宾语从句由于从句为陈述句须用连词that可省略。
由句意可知要用可数名词activity的复数形式。
此处修饰名词且其前有冠词a应用形容词。
从句子结构分析可知后面接宾语从句由于从句为陈述句须用连词that或that可省略。
根据句意可知此处应用more暗含比较的含义。
语法填空
English，do you read it for the story or for the English？This is a question __1__they care for __2__ the mystery in the story is solved，__3__ do not remember a single sentence in the story and cannot tell __4__ preposition is used before a certain word in the speech of a certain character.Of course，if you want __5__(know) the story only，you need not bother about the language.But a student of English is different from a student of stories or __6__ is called the general reader.__7__ you may also have learned from the above，you ought to read not only very __8__(careful) but also aloud till you learn the passage by heart and can recite it as if it __9__(be) your own.On the one hand，this will teach you many useful words and phrases；on the other handou to avoid many errors and faults in __10__(express)．
that/which 空格里要填的词引导定语从句并且在从句中作主语指的是前面的question所以填that或which。
how 宾语从句的引导词在从句中作方式状语故填how表示“故事中的谜是怎样解开的”。
but 由care for与do not remember的对比判断该空填连词but。
what 宾语从句的引导词在从句中作preposition的定语表示“什么样的”故用what。
to know want后跟动词不定式作宾语。
what or后的句子与前面的名词a student of stories是并列的成分所以应该是一个名词性从句；从句缺少主语表示抽象意义的引导词what。
As 该词引导一个从句并在从句中作have learned的宾语表示“正如”意义所以填As。
carefully 空格填的词用来修饰动词read所以用副词。
were as if后的句子表达的是与现在事实相反的情况故填were。
expression 位于介词后表示“表达”之意故用名词形式。
短文改错
Dear Tom
I am in New York.It is really a pity what I didn't see you at the railway station.
You may have left where my train arrived，three quarter behind the schedule.Luckily，on the train I came across Mr Taylor and his wife，they are Chinese and have been lived in the US for years.See there was no one to meet me there，they offered to drive me to your house.
For you happened to be out，I decided to accept the Taylors' offer to stay at your house for the night.They are very friendly to me，so don't worry me.I'll be all right.It can't be better whether you call me at 6461112 this evening.
Yours，
Jamie
Dear Tom，
I am in New York.It is really a pity
I didn't see you at the railway station.
You may have left
my train arrived，three
behind the schedule.Luckily，on the train I came across Mr Taylor and his wife， are Chinese and have been
in the US for years. there was no one to meet me there，they offered to drive me to your house.
you happened to be out，I decided to accept the Taylors' offer to stay at
house for the night.They are very friendly to me，so don't worryme.I'll be all right.It can't be better
you call me at 6461112 this evening.
Yours，
Jamie
1．分析句子结构可知为形式主语名词pity后面为真正主语而主语从句结构完整须用that连接。
从上下文意思可知指作者到达的时候而非到达的地点故用when引导。
根据前面的数词three可知名词quarter须用复数形式。
根据句子结构分析可知此句需要关系代词连接非限制性定语从句由于先行词为Mr Taylor and his wife故they为关系代词who。
指一直居住在美国至说话时依然在美国居住用现在完成进行时。
分词作原因状语与主语they是逻辑上的主谓关系所以用Seeing。
为并列连词连接句子时不能位于句首。
人称指代错误应该指前文the Taylors的家。
担心某人/某事”为固定搭配。
分析句意可知此处表示假设而非选择。
语法填空
n __1__ teachers should receive presents from students among 500 teachers __2__(age) from 25 to 50.Ninety percent of them said that they would be bothered if they got presents from the students or their parents，most of __3__ hoped that parents can be rational and Teachers' Day should be made __4__(ordinarily)．From their point of view__5__ parents try every means to give presents to teachers is that they don't have enough faith __6__ the teachers if they don't do that.They also suggested that Teachers' Day should be changed to “Teachers' and Students' Day”，__7__ can make teachers and students communicate more __8__(equal) and openmindedly.What the teachers want most __9__(be) that all the celebration meetings should be cancelled and they are able to have a day off to do __10__ they want.
1．whether/if 所填词引导宾语从句不在从whether/if。
aged 表示“……岁的”用aged作teachers的定语。
whom 要填词是定语从句的关系代词指人而且是位于most of的后面所以填whom。
ordinary and后是一个被动语态的句子所填词在该句中作主语补足语说明主语Teachers' Day的特点故用形容词。
why 所reason的定语从句在从句中作状语故用why。
in faith通常与介词in搭配表示“对……的信任”。
which 该词引导非限制性定语从句在从句中作主语指事物所以应为which。
equally 根据and之后与其并列的openmindedly判断该空用副词修饰动词communicate。
is 所填词是句子的谓语主语是what引导is。
what 所填词引导宾语从句并在从句中作want的宾语故填what。
短文改错
English.The fact is what you can probably miss attending English classes which other courses are taught，but you'd better take English serious.Failing in the national College English Test，you may not be able to secure you Bachelor's degree，even when you have your own major done well.Each student learns a foreign language，mostly English，from Day One of their compulsory education.Such policy has been in place when the nation's reform and opening up in the early 1980s.
If youadmitted to
university in China，regardless of
you choose as your major，there's one compulsory course 或who you cannot avoid: English.The fact is
you can probably miss attending English classes
other courses are taught，but you'd better take English .Failing in the national College English Test，you may not be able to secure
Bachelor's degree，even
you have your own major done well.Each student learns a foreign language，mostly English，from Day One of their compulsory education.Such policy has been in place
the nation's reform and opening up in the early 1980s.
1．根据主谓关系分析可知与admit之间为被动关系须用被动语态在admitted前面加are。
以辅音音素开头前面不定冠词用a而不能用an。
分析句意可知
4．定语从句的先行词为course关系代词须用that或which。
分析句子结构可知表语从句中结构完整成分齐全不能用what只能用that。
从句意可知后面句子为时间状语从句而非定语从句用when连接。
严肃对待……”。
从句子结构分析可知此处用形容词性物主代词。
分析句意可知后面句子为前面句子发生的假设而非时间。
根据前面的动词时态has been可知时间since连接。