Unit 4 Sharing
(60分钟81分)
Part A
一、阅读理解(共8小题;每小题2分,满分16分)
A
A young man on camera names the person who’s challenged him and pours the contents of a bucket(水桶)over his head.He is soon soaked(浸泡) in frothy,soapy water.This is part of a campaign to raise awareness about Ebola prevention in West Africa.
Ivory Coast’s “Lather Against Ebola” campaign,beautiful songs and comedies are being used by West Africans to educate people on how to avoid getting the deadly disease,which has infected more than 2,600 people and killed more than 1,400 in four countries across the region,according to the World Health Organization.
The “Lather Against Ebola” campaign was inspired by the ice bucket challenge that has collected tens of millions of dollars for the ALS Association,which raises money for Lou Gehrig’s disease(葛雷克氏症)research.
Ivorian blogger Edith Brou knew the ice bucket campaign was getting lots of attention and wanted to make it more relevant in her home country.Despite bordering Guinea and Liberia,two countries that have been hit hard by the Ebola outbreak,Ivory Coast has not yet to record a single case,and Brou wants to keep it that way.
“Our greatest threat right now is Ebola,” she said.“It is spread through contact with the bodily fluids of infected people and can be partly prevented by simple measures like regular hand-washing.”
Those who accept the “Lather Against Ebola” challenge are expected to soak themselves with soapy water and hand out three bottles of hand sanitizer(洗手液).Those who reject the soaking are expected to distribute nine.Since it launched on Aug.18,dozens of participants have posted soap-soaking photos to social media.
“Ivorians take the drama out of everything through humor,” said Brou.“Apart from the funny aspect of it,the message is forwarded on and listened to.”
1.What does the passage want to tell us?
A.The prevention and control of Ebola.
B.The outbreak of Ebola.
C.The “Lather Against Ebola” campaign.
D.Fund-raising activities for Ebola.
2.The young man pours a bucket of soapy water over his head .
A.to make people aware of Ebola prevention
B.to inspire people to develop good health habits
C.to take a cold bath for cooling his head
D.to donate nine bottles of hand sanitizer
3.What do we know about the Ebola outbreak in Africa?
A.More than 1,400 people in four African countries have been infected with the virus.
B.Guinea and Liberia are two countries hard hit by Ebola outbreak.
C.The number of infected cases will soon be brought under control.
D.Ivory Coast has registered only one case of the deadly viral disease.
4.What is Edith Brou’s attitude toward the Lather Against Ebola campaign?
A.Negative. B.Positive.
C.Unconcerned. D.Curious.
【文章大意】本文是资讯报道,介绍了科特迪瓦兴起的“泡沫抵御埃博拉”运动。它是西非国家呼吁提高对埃博拉的预防意识的一种运动。
1.C 主旨大意题。文章介绍了科特迪瓦兴起的“泡沫抵御埃博拉”运动的有关内容,包括其产生的灵感来源、活动的情况、接受挑战的条件及活动的目的等,故选择C项。
2.A 细节理解题。由第一段最后一句“This is part of a campaign to raise awareness about Ebola prevention in West Africa.”可知,接受挑战的年轻人将肥皂水倒在自己身上是为了呼吁人们提高对埃博拉的预防意识。A项符合题意。
3.B 推理判断题。由第四段第二句“...that have been hit hard by the Ebola outbreak...”可知B项正确,其他选项均与文意不符。
4.B 观点态度题。最后一段提到,这项活动除了有趣之外,更重要的是能够传达他们希望表达的信息,让更多人听到。据此推知布鲁对该运动持积极态度。
B
“Tipping” is handled very differently in the UK and America.It’s important to get this right when you visit each place as it can affect whether the staff in bars,cafes,restaurants,hotels,hairdressers,and the drivers of taxis or buses think that you are lovely,rude or strange.
In the UK the reason for tipping is to show that you really liked the service.In the UK we have a high minimum wage,and no one can be paid below this amount for any work,so when you tip,it is mainly showing politeness to the service person,and to acknowledge that they did an excellent job.
You can tip more or less depending on how good you thought the service was.The average tip is around 10%-20%.If you don’t like the service,don’t tip!This is the case even if “service” has been added to your bill.If you are a student,traveler on a budget,or simply can’t afford to,it’s also OK not to spend the extra money.
In the US,you will often hear “tips” called “service”.It is essential to tip in the US,because the waitresses,bar staff in these industries are paid a low wage which they cannot afford to live on,and therefore your tip is much needed by them.It is actually part of the payment that you make and very often is not optional!Especially in restaurants,if you do not pay the service,you have not paid your entire bill,so watch out!
Normally,we talk about tipping for restaurants.In a good restaurant,many people tip either 15% or 20%.It depends on the type of restaurant and whether they get good service or not.The same is true for a taxi driver.
1.The passage is developed mainly by .
A.explaining effect and causes
B.giving typical examples
C.describing the detailed ways
D.comparing the differences
2.Which of the following may not tip in the UK?
A.A school teacher. B.A middle school student.
C.A government officer. D.A shop keeper.
3.In America,you tip mainly to .
A.enjoy more service
B.show satisfaction with the service
C.help the servicemen support themselves
D.make a good impression on servicemen
4.What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?
A.You’d better always tip for the service in America.
B.Taxi drivers don’t charge tips in America.
C.You tip more to taxi drivers than waitresses.
D.You needn’t pay your entire bill.
【文章大意】本文是说明文,对比介绍了在英国和美国支付小费的理由和数额。
1.D 篇章结构题。文章主要对比介绍了在英国和美国付小费的理由和数额的不同,故选择D项。
2.B 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“If you are a student,traveler on a budget,or simply can’t afford to,it’s also OK not to spend the extra money.”可推知,没有收入的中学生可不付小费。
3.C 细节理解题。由倒数第二段第二句“...are paid a low wage which they cannot afford to live on,and therefore your tip is much needed by them.”可知C项正确。
4.A 细节理解题。由倒数第二段最后两句“It is actually...you have not paid your entire bill,so watch out!”可知,在美国不可不付小费。故A项正确。
二、语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
Body and food
Our body,which has close relations with the food that we eat 1. our daily life,is the most important thing that we own,so our body 2.(need) proper treatment and proper nourishment(营养).
The old saying “An apple a day keeps the doctor away” is not as silly as some people think.The body needs fruit 3. vegetables,such as apples,pears,bananas,carrots and cabbages,because they contain vitamin C,4. is very necessary and important to us all.It’s clear that a lack of vitamin C can make people ill and weak easily.
In order to get enough needed vitamins,many people take extra vitamins in pill form,5.(believe) that these will make them 6.(health).But a good diet is made up of nourishing food and this gives all the vitamins that we need.The body doesn’t need or use extra vitamins,so why waste money on them?
Nowadays many people are too busy to bother about eating properly.They throw anything into their 7.(stomach),eating something carelessly and 8.(hurried).The list of illnesses 9.(cause)or made worse by bad eating habits is frightening.It is high time we should realize the importance of having a good diet.If not,it is impossible for 10.(we) to keep fit and strong.
(2016·河南开封检测)
1.in。in our daily life“在我们的日常生活中”。
2.needs。此处为客观陈述,应用一般现在时。
3.and。fruit和vegetables均作needs的宾语,为并列关系,应用and连接。
4.which。vitamin C为先行词,非限制性定语从句中只能用which指代事物。
5.believing。此处应用现在分词believing作伴随状语。
6.healthy。此处作宾语补足语,应用形容词healthy。
7.stomachs。their后应用复数名词stomachs。
8.hurriedly。此处应用hurried的副词形式hurriedly与carelessly并列,修饰eating。
9.caused。此处与made并列,共同作定语修饰illnesses,且疾病是“被引起”的,故填caused。
10.us。介词for后应接宾格代词us。
Part B
一、完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)
The day before Mother’s Day,police received a call from a wife frantic(发疯的)because her husband Melvyn Amrine,who suffers Alzheimer’s disease(老年痴呆症),had gone missing from home.
Police found Melvyn Amrine two blocks from their home, 1 to tell officers where he lives.However,he wasn’t 2 as to where he was going: he was buying his wife Doris flowers for Mother’s Day,as he had every year since she had 3 birth to their first child.
Melvyn Amrine has been slowly deteriorating(恶化)since he was diagnosed as the 4 three years ago.His wife has become her husband’s carer,watching 5 as the cruel disease steals her husband’s memories and 6 away from him.
Officers telephoned to say they would take the elderly man 7 home,but Melvyn Amrine was having none of that.“He was pretty stubborn,” Officer Troy Dillard told CBS.“He wasn’t going home until he got those 8 ,” Officer Brian Grigsby said.
“He wanted flowers for his 9 ,because tomorrow was Mother’s Day.” So the officers decided to help Melvyn Amrine 10 his goal,secretly stopping in at a local supermarket and helping him 11 a bouquet of beautiful cream-colored roses.“We had to get those flowers,” Grigsby said.“I didn’t have a 12 .” The 13 officers even slipped the cashier some extra bills when Melvyn couldn’t 14 the tab(账单).
Doris Amrine was 15 when she saw her husband of 60 years walking up their front stairs in the 16 of the police officers,but her relief turned to joy when he 17 her with the carefully selected bouquet.“As he came up those steps,and I saw those roses and the 18 on his face,I just broke inside,” Doris told CBS.“I just said,‘thank you,thank you.’Because I saw his 19 .It’s special,because even though the mind doesn’t remember 20 ,the heart remembers.”
(2016·山东潍坊期中考试)
1.A.unable B.unwilling
C.unknown D.unqualified
2.A.lost B.excited
C.confused D.moved
3.A.offered B.supplied
C.given D.provided
4.A.environment B.condition
C.information D.atmosphere
5.A.aimlessly B.helplessly
C.hopelessly D.doubtlessly
6.A.mind B.personality
C.character D.heart
7.A.right B.direct
C.straight D.opposite
8.A.gifts B.presents
C.bouquets D.flowers
9.A.wife B.daughter
C.father D.mother
10.A.get B.achieve
C.arrive D.meet
11.A.pick B.take
C.select D.hold
12.A.choice B.decision
C.call D.plan
13.A.perfect B.happy
C.kind D.fun
14.A.offer B.cover
C.spend D.supply
15.A.relieved B.limited
C.favored D.satisfied
16.A.team B.company
C.group D.charge
17.A.gave B.offered
C.presented D.preferred
18.A.smile B.anger
C.fear D.tear
19.A.soul B.spirit
C.heart D.brain
20.A.something B.anything
C.nothing D.everything
【文章大意】患有老年痴呆症的梅尔文·爱莫林冒着走失的危险,在母亲节仍然记得给自己的妻子买鲜花,走失后最终在警察的帮助下安然无恙地回到家中。
1.A 根据上文“who suffers Alzheimer’s disease”可推断他没有能力告诉警察自己的住处。故选A项。
2.C 根据下文“he was buying his wife Doris flowers for Mother’s Day”可推断他对自己该去哪里并不糊涂。故选C项。
3.C 由空后的宾语“their first child”可知,此处意为“自从她生了第一个孩子后”。give birth to 意为“生(孩子)”,故选C项。
4.B 句意:梅尔文·爱莫林自从三年前被确认患老年痴呆症后,身体每况愈下。condition“状况,情况”符合语境。
5.B 根据下文“as the cruel disease steals her husband’s memories”可推断他的妻子感到很无助。故选B项。
6.B 由上文得知,她的丈夫患了老年痴呆症,所以疾病残忍地夺走了丈夫的记忆和品性(personality)。故选B项。
7.C 根据语境可知,警察打电话告知梅尔文·爱莫林的家人他们会把老人直接带回家。故选C项。
8.D 根据第二段最后一句中的“he was buying his wife Doris flowers for Mother’s Day”以及下一句中的“He wanted flowers”可推断,他不愿直接回家是因为要买花。故选D项。
9.A 根据第二段最后一句中的“...he was buying his wife Doris flowers for Mother’s Day”可推断他要买花给他的妻子。故选A项。
10.B 此处指警察决定帮助梅尔文·爱莫林达成目标。固定搭配achieve one’s goal,意为“达成某人的目标”,故选B项。
11.C 根据上文要买花可推断出select“挑选”符合语境。
12.A 由上一句中的had to可知,此处指“我别无选择。”故选A项。
13.C 根据下文“slipped the cashier some extra bills”可知梅尔文·爱莫林钱不够付账,因此善良的警察就偷偷地塞给收银员一些额外的钱。kind“善良的”符合语境。
14.B 由空后的宾语tab可知,此处指“支付账单”。A项意为“主动地给”;B项意为“付(钱),够用”;C项意为“花费”;D项意为“提供”。故选B项。
15.A 根据下文中的“but her relief turned to joy”可知,A项relieved“放心的,宽慰的”为正确答案。
16.B 根据上文可知他是在警察的陪伴下回家的。故选B项。
17.C “送给某人……” 的英语表达为present sb.with...,另外“给某人……”可用give sb.sth.或offer sb.sth.,而此处介词是with,故选C项。
18.A 丈夫为妻子买来了玫瑰,应是高兴的,故脸上露出的是微笑(smile)。
19.C 下一句中的“the heart remembers”提示,C项heart为正确答案,意为“她看到了他对她的真心”。
20.D 此处意为“即使他的大脑不能记住一切,心仍会记得”,故选D项。not everything表示部分否定。
二、七选五阅读填空(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
Evaluating sources(来源)of health information
Making good choices about your own health requires reasonable evaluation.A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of health infomation.Reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to find relevant information,how to separate fact from opinion,how to recognize poor reasoning,and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources. 1
Go to the original source.Media reports often simplify the results of medical research.Find out for yourself what a study really reported,and determine whether it was based on good science.Think about the type of study. 2
Watch for misleading language.Some studies will find that a behavior “contributes to” or is “associated with” an outcome;this does not mean that a certain course must lead to a certain result. 3 Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand it.
Use your common sense.If a report seems too good to be true,probably it is.Be especially careful of information contained in advertisements. 4 Evaluate “scientific”statements carefully,and be aware of quackery(江湖骗术).
5 Friends and family members can be a great source of ideas and inspiration,but each of us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for us.
Developing the ability to evaluate reasonably and independently about health problems will serve you well throughout your life.
(2017·北京高考)
A.Make choices that are right for you.
B.The goal of an ad is to sell you something.
C.Be sure to work through the critical questions.
D.And examine the findings of the original research.
E.Distinguish between research reports and public health advice.
F.Be aware that information may also be incorrectly explained by an author’s point of view.
G.The following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you receive from common sources.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了如何理性判断与健康相关的信息。
1.G 根据下面讲的五点建议可知选G项。
2.D 根据这一段的首句“Go to the original source.”可知选D项。
3.F 根据后面“Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand it.”可知你得到的信息也可能是不正确的,要仔细地读和听来充分地理解。故选F项。
4.B 根据前面提到的“Be especially careful of information contained in advertisements.”可知要特别注意广告中所涉及的信息,因为广告的主要目的是向你销售东西。故选B项。
5.A 根据后面“Friends and family members can be a great source of ideas and inspiration,but each of us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for us.”可知我们对这些信息要做出正确的选择。故选A项。
三、短文改错(满分10分)
The other day,I was praising by my teacher at the class meeting because I recited all the word of Unit Three.He said before the whole class that only if we focus our attention to our lessons could we make a great progress.He also said I set a good example to both of my classmates.Heard what the teacher said,I was more than glad and my heart beat wild.At the same time,I make up my mind study harder than before.
From my own experience,I learn that several words of praise can make a great different to someone.
(2016·山东泰安期中考试)
1.第1句:praising→praised。根据语境可知,此处指“我”被老师夸奖了,应用被动语态,故将praising改为praised。
2.第1句:word→words。此处前面有all修饰,应用名词复数。
3.第2句:to→on。表示“集中注意力做某事”用focus one’s attention on。
4.第2句:删除make后的a。progress为不可数名词,应去掉a。
5.第3句:both→all。此处指“我为我的同学们树立了好榜样”。both指“两者”,all指“三者或三者以上”。故将both改为all。
6.第4句:Heard→Hearing。此处用现在分词短语作时间状语。
7.第4句:wild→wildly。修饰动词beat应用副词wildly。my heart beats wildly意为“我的心脏剧烈跳动”。
8.第5句:make→made。本文讲述的是过去发生的事,应用过去式made。
9.第5句:在study前加to。make up one’s mind to do sth.“下定决心做某事”。
10.第6句:different→difference。make a difference“有影响,起作用”。