Unit 2 English around the world
(60分钟81分)
Part A
一、阅读理解(共8小题;每小题2分,满分16分)
A
It was originally built to defend an empire(帝国),but now parts of the Great Wall of China are crumbling(破碎)so badly that they need someone to hurry to their defense.
About 2,000 kilometers,or 30%,of the ancient fortification(防御工事) built in the Ming Dynasty has disappeared due to natural and human damage,according to the Beijing Times.And the situation could worsen,experts are warning as not enough is being done to preserve what remains.
“It’s a great pity to witness the Great Wall in such terrible situation,” Mei Jingtian,a volunteer who has worked for three decades to safeguard the structure and has founded the Great Wall Protection Association,tells CNN.
About 8,000 kilometers of the structure dates from the Ming period between the 14th and 17th centuries and is considered by some to be the original Great Wall.Of this,2,000 kilometers is made up of naturally occurring earthworks—and so only 6,000 kilometers of actual Ming Dynasty wall was ever built.Stretches(延伸)built in other eras make up a total length estimated up to 21,000 kilometers.
Many visitors to China associate the Great Wall with a widely restored stretch of Ming era wall at Badaling near Beijing,but this is far from typical of most of the structure.
According to a 2017 survey done by the Great Wall of China Society,only about 8.2% of the Great Wall is in good condition,with 74.1% classified as poorly preserved.“The Great Wall is a vast heritage(遗产) site—over 20,000 kilometers—thus increasing the difficulty in preservation and restoration,” Dong Yaohui,deputy director of the Great Wall of China Society,tells CNN.“Reliance on a very small amount of manpower by the local heritage departments is not enough to guard and protect the site.”
A recent increase in interest from tourists in visiting wild sections,known as the “Wild Great Wall”,has accelerated its deterioration(恶化),according to the report.
(2016·安徽示范高中联考)
1.The present situation of the Great Wall is not optimistic due to the following reasons EXCEPT.
A.natural and human damage
B.limited preservation
C.booming tourists visiting
D.wars between countries
2.What can we know about the original Great Wall from the passage?
A.Not all of it is man-made Ming Dynasty structure.
B.It is made up of naturally occurring earthworks.
C.Its length is estimated up to 20,000 kilometers.
D.It is in good condition and well-preserved.
3.What Dong Yaohui said means .
A.the Great Wall is well protected
B.the preservation and restoration is difficult
C.the local heritage departments didn’t do their job
D.the government should do more with the protection
4.What is the passage mainly about?
A.The Great Wall and its glorious history.
B.Tourists’ visiting to the Great Wall.
C.The Great Wall and its worrying condition.
D.The functions of the Great Wall.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了长城令人担忧的保存现状,呼吁政府部门和更多的人来保护它。
1.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“...has disappeared due to natural and human damage...as not enough is being done to preserve what remains.”以及最后一段的内容可知答案。
2.A 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句可知,部分长城是天然形成的,因而A项正确。
3.D 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句可知,保护长城仅靠当地遗产保护部门还不够,政府应采取更多措施,因而D项正确。
4.C 主旨大意题。纵览全文可知,本文是围绕长城令人担忧的保存现状展开的,因而选C项。
B
I remember my mother as a strong woman.She came to America when she was 12—old enough to remember her language.She achieved scores and grades high enough to be admitted to Duke University.With a degree in computer science,she finally became the manager of a company in New York.My mother could give fluent speeches,and say “wolves” correctly.
It was my mother who always stressed the importance of language.From the time I was born,I was read to.I would fall asleep to the sound of my parents’ voices,whether it was my dad’s softly accented,or my mother’s clear English.The flow of language was unbroken,and whether in Chinese or English,the stream of communication flowed through our house.
One October morning in sixth grade,after my mother had left to catch the train to the city,I left the house for the bus stop.I was surprised when I saw our car,the door hanging open.As I drew closer,I saw my mother lying on the ground.
In the hospital,it was hard to believe that the lady who lay before me was my mom.My mother could not remember my name.As the leaves changed colors,it became clear that the stroke had created a wall between my mother’s mind and mouth:her mind was not any less clear,but the words she spoke were not what she meant.
The battle my mother faced taught me the importance of language.Without it,identity does not exist;relationships cannot be formed;stories cannot be told;directions cannot be given;and knowing anything about anyone is impossible.Without language,communication cannot take place.Without language,one cannot express the beauty of a sunset or the kindness of a stranger.The world would pass us by in silence.
1.From where might the author’s mom come to America?
A.China. B.England.
C.Russia. D.Canada.
2.From the second paragraph,we can know .
A.the author was taught to read since she was born
B.the author’s father spoke English poorly
C.the author couldn’t fall asleep without being read to
D.the author’s parents taught her language by talking a lot
3.The underlined word “stroke” in the 4th paragraph most probably refers to .
A.an accident B.a hit
C.an illness D.a robbery
4.This passage is mainly about .
A.a strong mother
B.the importance of language
C.a family disaster
D.the significance of teaching language
【文章大意】本文是记叙文,主要讲述了母亲对“我”学习语言的重视,以及母亲患病造成表达不畅这件事对“我”的触动——语言至关重要。
1.A 推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“She came to America when she was 12...”以及第二段最后一句“The flow of language was unbroken,and whether in Chinese or English...”可判断,父母之间互相交流用的是中文或英文,所以母亲可能来自中国。
2.D 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“...the stream of communication flowed through our house.”可判断,父母是通过互相交流的方式对“我”进行语言教育的。
3.C 词义推测题。根据第三段中的“I saw my mother lying on the ground.”以及第四段开头的“In the hospital”可知,母亲是打开车门要上车时突发某种疾病倒在了地上。
4.B 主旨大意题。文章最后一段第一句“The battle my mother faced taught me the importance of language.” 是主题句。
二、语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
The adobe dwellings(土坯房) 1.(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 2. most modern of architects and engineers.In addition to their simple beauty,what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their 3.(able) to “air condition” a house without 4.(use) electric equipment.Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat 5.(slow) during cool nights,thus warming the house.When a new day breaks,the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough 6.(cool) the house during the hot day;7.the same time,they warm up again for the night.This cycle 8.(go) day after day:The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures.As 9.(nature) architects,the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly 10.thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.
(2015·新课标全国卷Ⅱ)
1.built。根据后面介词by可知,该空所填词作定语且表被动,故填built。
2.the。形容词最高级前面要用定冠词the修饰。
3.ability。形容词性物主代词their修饰名词,故此处应用able的名词形式。
4.using。介词without后面要用动名词作宾语。
5.slowly。此处应用slow的副词形式slowly来修饰动词短语give out。
6.to cool。此处为sth.+be +adj.+to do句型,其中动词不定式作目的状语。
7.at。固定搭配at the same time,意为“同时”。
8.goes。本文通篇都是用一般现在时讲述土坯房的构造、特征等信息,故该处用一般现在时。又因主语是This cycle,故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
9.natural。此处修饰名词architects,应用nature的形容词形式。
10.how。根据关键词thick可知,该处应用how来修饰形容词。
Part B
一、完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)
My kids and I were heading into the supermarket over the weekend.On the way,we spotted a man holding a piece of paper that said,“ 1 my job.Family to Feed.”
At this store,a 2 like this is not normal.My 10-year-old noticed him and made a 3 on how bad it must be to have to stand 4 in the cold wind.
In the store,I asked each of my kids to 5 something they thought our “friend” there would 6 .They got apples,a sandwich and a bottle of juice.Then my 17-year-old suggested giving him a 7 .I thought about it.We were 8 on cash ourselves,but...well,sometimes 9 from our need instead of our abundance is 10 what we need to do!All the kids 11 something they could do away with for the week.
When we handed him the bag of 12 ,he lit up and thanked us with 13 eyes.When I handed him the gift card,saying he could use it for 14 his family might need,he burst into tears.
This has been a wonderful 15 for our family.For days the kids have been looking for others we can 16 !Things would have played out so 17 if I had simply said,“No,we really don’t have 18 to give more.” Stepping out not only helped a brother in 19 ,it also gave my kids the 20 taste of helping others.It’ll go a long way with them.
(2015·新课标全国卷)
1.A.Lost B.Changed
C.Quit D.Finished
2.A.condition B.place
C.sight D.show
3.A.suggestion B.comment
C.decision D.call
4.A.outside B.proudly
C.by D.angrily
5.A.draw B.say
C.arrange D.pick
6.A.order B.supply
C.appreciate D.discover
7.A.dollar B.job
C.hot meal D.gift card
8.A.easy B.low
C.soft D.loose
9.A.giving B.saving
C.spending D.begging
10.A.yet B.even
C.still D.just
11.A.declared B.shared
C.ignored D.expected
12.A.toys B.medicine
C.food D.clothes
13.A.sleepy B.watery
C.curious D.sharp
14.A.whoever B.whatever
C.whichever D.whenever
15.A.experience B.example
C.message D.adventure
16.A.rely on B.respect
C.learn from D.help
17.A.suddenly B.vividly
C.differently D.perfectly
18.A.time B.power
C.patience D.money
19.A.fear B.love
C.need D.memory
20.A.strong B.sweet
C.strange D.simple
【文章大意】本文是记叙文。在去超市的路上,“我”和孩子们看到一个人在乞讨。“我们”热情地帮助了他,同时“我”也让孩子们看到了帮助别人的乐趣。
1.A 根据空后的“Family to Feed”可以推断出,这个人失业了,没有钱养家糊口。
2.C 联系空后的“like this is not normal”可知,在这家商店,这样的景象是不常见的。
3.B 结合空后的“how bad it must be to have to stand 4 in the cold wind”可知,“我”的孩子对此事做出了评论。
4.A 根据空后的“in the cold wind”可知,这个人是站在商店外面。
5.D 联系空后的“They got apples,a sandwich and a bottle of juice.”可知,“我”让孩子们挑选他们觉得那个人需要的东西。
6.C 显然,孩子们觉得这些东西是那个人会喜欢的。
7.D 联系下文“When I handed him the gift card”可知,此处指一张代金卡。
8.B 结合空后的“but...sometimes 9 from our need instead of our abundance is 10 what we need to do”可知,“我们”自己的钱也不多。
9.A 联系前文“我们”给他买东西以及空后的“from our need”可以知道,“我们”从自己需要的东西中拿出一些给他。
10.D 从空后的“what we need to do”可知,那正是“我们”要做的。
11.A 结合空后的“something they could do away with for the week”可知,“我们”打算将自己需要的部分东西送给那个人,因此孩子们都说出了这一周他们可以不用的东西。
12.C 结合前文“Family to Feed”可以知道,“我们”给了他一些食物。
13.B 联系空前的“thanked us”可知,他对“我们”感激万分,眼里含着泪水。
14.D 根据空后的“his family might need”可知,“我”让他把代金卡用于购买他的家庭所需。
15.A 联系前文孩子们的表现可以知道,这件事情对孩子们来说是一次非常好的经历。
16.D 结合空前的“the kids have been looking for others”可知,孩子一直在找需要帮助的人。
17.C 根据空后的“...if I had simply said,‘No,we really don’t have 18 to give more.’”可知,如果“我”这样说,事情就大不一样了。
18.D 此处指如果“我”跟孩子们说“我们”没钱(money)来做善举,事情会大不一样。
19.A 从前文可以知道,“我们”帮助了需要帮助的人。in need“需要帮助”。
20.B 结合前文“我们”帮助别人给孩子们带来快乐可知,这件事情让他们有了甜蜜的感觉。
二、七选五阅读填空(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
Although problems are a part of our lives,it certainly doesn’t mean that we let them rule our lives forever.One day or the other,you’ll have to stand up and say—problem,I don’t want you in my life.
1 Problems with friends,parents,girlfriends,husbands and children—the list goes on.Apart from these,the inner conflicts within ourselves work,too.These keep adding to our problems.Problems come in different shapes,colors and feelings.But good news is that all problems can be dealt with.Now read on how to solve your problems.
Talk about your problems.What most of us think is that our problem can be understood only by us and that no talking is going to help. 2 Talking helps you move on and let go.
Write your problems. 3 When you write down your problems,you are setting free all the tension from your system.You can try throwing away the paper on which you wrote your problems.By doing this,imagine yourself throwing away the problems from your life.
Don’t lose faith and hope.No matter what you lose in life,don’t lose faith and hope.Even if you lose all your money,family...you should still have faith. 4
Your problems aren’t the worst.No matter what problem you get in life,there’re another one million people whose problems are huger than yours. 5 Your problems might just seem big and bad,but in reality they can be removed.Go about and solve your problems because every problem,however big or small,always has a way out.
(2016·山东师大附中二模)
A.But the truth is that when you talk about it,you’re setting free the negative energies that have been gathering within you.
B.When we have a pressing,critical,urgent and life-threatening problem,how do we try to solve it.
C.Tell yourself:when they can deal with them,why can’t I?
D.Of course,we’ve been fighting troubles ever since we were born.
E.We can often overcome the problem and achieve the goal by making a direct attack.
F.Having a personal diary can also be of huge help if you don’t want a real person to talk with.
G.With faith and hope,you can rebuild everything that you lose.
【文章大意】本文为说明文。我们生活中的问题无处不在,但问题总是能够被解决的。文章主要介绍了解决这些问题的具体方式。
1.D 第二段主要介绍了生活中的问题无处不在,即我们自出生以来就一直与问题打交道,所以答案选D项。选项中的troubles与文段中的problems相对应。
2.A 第三段的主题句是“Talk about your problems.”,A项内容与之相符且在语意上衔接上文,构成转折,符合语境。
3.F “write your problems”与“Having a personal diary”相对应,所以答案选F项。
4.G 第五段的主题句是“Don’t lose faith and hope.”,G项“With faith and hope”,与之相呼应。
5.C 最后一段鼓励读者要直面并解决问题,C项“要告诉自己:他们的问题都能解决,为什么我不行?”顺承文意。
三、短文改错(满分10分)
In the past my hometown used to being a beautiful place.Thick trees and green grass could be seen in everywhere.In order to build house and grow more crops,people cut down more and more trees.With time went on,the whole forest was almost destroyed.Gradually the green hills have been changed into wasteland.As a result,sandstorms struck us now and then,which we suffer a lot.But I do hope all the people should realize the terribly result of not caring about our environment.What’s more,they should take good care of the forests and plant trees instead cutting them down to improve our living conditions.
1.第1句:being→be。表示“过去常常”用used to be。
2.第2句:删除in。副词everywhere作地点状语,前面不需要用介词。
3.第3句:house→houses。house是可数名词,此处与后面的“crops”对应,需用复数形式表示泛指。
4.第4句:With→As或 went→going。time went on是句子,需用连词as引导,构成时间状语从句;或改为with的复合结构with time going on。
5.第5句:删除been。此处主语the green hills与谓语have changed into是主动关系,故用主动语态。
6.第6句:struck→strike。根据上下文可知应用一般现在时,表示现阶段的情况。
7.第7句:But→So。So用于承接上文,表示结果。
8.第7句:terribly→terrible。result是名词,应用形容词修饰。
9.第8句:they→we。根据上下文可知,文章用第一人称表述,故用we。
10.第8句:在instead后加of。固定短语instead of意为“代替”。