Unit 1 Festivals around the world
Period 2 Learning about language: Important language points
整体设计
教材分析
This is the second teaching period of this unit. The teacher can first check students’ homework and offer chances for students to review what they learned during the first period.
The emphasis of this period will be placed on the important new words, expressions and sentence patterns in the parts Warming up, Pre-reading, Reading and Comprehending. In order to make students understand these important points thoroughly, we can first get students to understand their meanings in the context, then give some explanations about them, and later offer some practice to make students master their usages. Some new words and expressions, such as trick, gain, award, admire, take place, look forward to, as though and so on are very useful and important. So are the sentence patterns “. . . people would starve if food was difficult to find. ” and “The country, covered with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it is covered with pink snow. ” We ought to pay more attention to them and design special exercises.
At the end of the class, the teacher can make students do more exercises for consolidation. In doing so, they can learn, grasp and use these important language points well.
教学重点
1. Enable students to grasp the usages of such important new words and expressions as trick, gain, award, admire, take place, look forward to, as though, etc.
2. Get students to master the patterns “. . . people would starve if food was difficult to find. ” and “The country, covered with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it is covered with pink snow. ”
教学难点
1. Let students learn the usage of the expression “take place”.
2. Enable students to learn the adverbial clause introduced by as though.
3. Get students to understand some difficult and long sentences.
三维目标
知识目标
1. Get students to learn and grasp the important useful new words and expressions in this part: beauty, harvest, starve, origin, religious, ancestor, Mexico, feast, bone, belief, poet, arrival, gain, independence, gather, agriculture, award, rooster, admire, energetic, Easter, clothing, Christian, custom, take place, in memory of, dress up, play a trick on, look forward to, day and night, as though, have fun with
2. Let students learn the following important useful sentence patterns:
1). . . people would starve if food was difficult to find. . . (the subjunctive mood)
2)The country, covered with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it is covered with pink snow. (as though. . . )
能力目标
1. Get students to use some useful new words and expressions correctly.
2. Enable students to make sentences after the useful sentence patterns.
情感目标
1. Stimulate students’ interest in learning English.
2. Develop students’ spirit of cooperation and teamwork.
教学过程
设计方案(一)
→Step 1 Revision
1. Check the homework exercises.
2. Ask some students to talk about festivals and celebrations.
→Step 2 Reading and finding
Get students to read through Warming up, Pre-reading, Reading and Comprehending to underline all the new words and useful expressions or collocations in these parts.
Read them aloud and copy them down in the exercise book after class.
→Step 3 Practice for useful words and expressions
1. Turn to Page 4. Go through the exercises in Discovering useful words and expressions with students and make sure they know what to do.
2. Give them several minutes to finish the exercises. They first do them individually, then discuss and check them with their partner.
3. Check the answers with the whole class and explain the problems they meet where necessary.
→Step 4 Studying important language points
1. Discuss when they take place, what they celebrate and what people do at that time.
讨论它们（中国节日）是什么时间举行, 庆祝的是什么事件, 人们在当时做什么事。
take place: occur; happen 发生; 举行
When does the ceremony take place?
仪式什么时间举行？
We have never discovered what took place that night.
我们从没发觉那天晚上发生了什么事情。
【辨析】 take place, happen, occur, come about & break out
take place, happen, occur, come about和break out是同义词, 都含“发生”的意思。英语中表示“发生”的词或短语均为不及物动词或短语, 不用于被动语态。主语为所发生的事。
※take place侧重安排或按计划而发生的事, 带有“非偶然”的意思。例如:
The wedding will take place tomorrow. 婚礼明天举行。
In 1919, the May 4th Movement took place in China.
1919年, 中国发生了五四运动。
※happen普通用词, 含义很广。常指具体客观事物或情况的发生, 含有“偶然”的意味。当以具体事物、事件作主语时, happen 和 occur可以换用; 但当happen用作“碰巧”之意时, 不能用occur代替, 但可以与come about 互换。例如:
What has happened to her?
她出了什么事？
It happened to rain that day. 那天碰巧下雨。
※occur较正式用词, 指事情偶然地、意外地发生。occur to有“想起”的意思, 指思想突然浮在心头。
The traffic accident occurred on Wednesday.
那场交通事故发生在星期三。
※come about常指偶然发生的事情（很多时候与how 连用）, 与happen 用法较接近。例如:
How does it come about that you were caught by the police?
你被警察抓住是怎么发生的？
※break out 指(火灾、战争、疾病等)突然发生、爆发
The Second World War broke out in 1939.
第二次世界大战爆发于1939年。
【拓展】 take one’s place/take the place of sb. /sth. : replace sb. /sth. 代替某人/某事物
She couldn’t attend the meeting so her assistant took her place.
她不能出席会议, 所以由她的助手替她。
Nothing could take the place of the family he had lost.
他失去了家庭, 这一损失是无法弥补的。
2. At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find, especially during the cold winter months.
在那个时候, 尤其是冬季寒冷的月份里, 如果食物难得找到, 人们会挨饿。
starve
1)vt. & vi.
(cause a person or an animal to) suffer severely or die from hunger 挨饿; 饿死
Millions of people starved to death during the war.
战争中数百万计的人挨饿至死。
2)be starved of/starve for: long for; be in great need of渴望; 缺乏
She’s lonely and starving for friendship. 她很寂寞, 渴望友谊。
The homeless children were starved of/were starving for affection.
这些无家可归的孩子渴望得到爱。
3)vi.
feel very hungry感觉很饿（仅用于进行时态）
When will the dinner be ready?
I’m starving.
晚饭什么时候做好？我快饿死了。
3. Some festivals are held to honor the dead or to satisfy the ancestors, who might return either to help or to do harm.
有些节日, 是为了纪念死者, 或者使祖先得到满足, 因为祖先们有可能回到世上（给人们）提供帮助, 也有可能带来危害。
这是一个复合句, who might return either to help or to do harm是非限制性定语从句。
do harm: cause harm损害; 危害; 伤害(与do good相对)
It wouldn’t do any harm to stay up late for a few days.
仅仅熬几天夜不会对你造成任何伤害。
If we interfere, it may do more harm than good.
倘如我们进行干预, 那可能弊多利少。
4. For the Japanese festival Obon, people should go to clean graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors.
在日本的盂兰盆节, 人们要扫墓、烧香, 以缅怀祖先。
In the USA, Columbus Day is in memory of the arrival of Christopher Columbus in the New World.
美国的哥伦布日是纪念克利斯朵夫·哥伦布发现“新大陆”的日子。
in memory of/to the memory of: serving to remind people of sb. , especially as a tribute纪念; 追念
He founded the charity in memory of his late wife.
他兴办那项慈善事业以纪念他已故的妻子。
The museum was built in memory of the famous scientist.
兴建这座博物馆是为了纪念那位科学家。
结构类似的短语还有:
in honor of出于对……的敬意; 为纪念……
in charge of负责; 掌管
in search of寻找
5. They offer food, flowers and gifts to the dead.
他们向亡者祭献食物、鲜花和礼品。
【辨析】 offer, provide & supply
offer, provide和supply都是及物动词, 都含有“提供”的意思, 但习惯搭配各有不同。
※offer主动提供: offer sth. to sb. ; offer sb. sth.
※provide供给（所需物, 尤指生活必需品）: provide sth. (for sb. ); provide sb. with sth.
※supply供应（所需要或所要求之物）: supply sth. to sb. ; supply sb. with sth.
Fill in the blanks using the correct form of the verbs: offer, provide and supply.
1)When I meet difficulty, my roommates will ______________ me help.
我遇到困难的时候, 室友们总是主动提供帮助。(offer)
2)They ______________ a reward for the return of the lost jewels.
他们悬赏找回丢失的珠宝。(offered)
3)The government need to ______________ these old people with food and clothes.
政府得提供这些老人们吃穿。(provide)
4)Electricity should be ______________ enough every month.
每个月都得供应足够的电。(supplied)
6. It is now a children’s festival, when they can dress up and go to their neighbours’ homes to ask for sweets.
它（万圣节前夕）现在是儿童们的节日, 他们可以乔装打扮, 到邻居家要糖吃。
这是一个复合句, when they can dress up and go to their neighbours’ homes to ask for sweets是非限制性定语从句。
dress up: wear one’s best clothes; put on fancy dress, etc. 盛装; 打扮
You don’t have to dress up. Come as you are.
你用不着穿讲究的衣服, 就穿平时的衣服来吧。
Children love dressing up. 孩子们都喜欢化装打扮。
They were dressed up in Victorian clothes.
他们化装成维多利亚时代的人。
Fill in the blanks using the correct form of the verbs: dress, put on and wear.
1)She is ______________ a gold ring. (wearing)
2)She hurriedly ______________ her son and took him to the kindergarten. (dressed)
3)Remember to ______________ your coat. It is cold outside. (put on)
7. If the neighbours do not give any sweets, the children might play a trick on them.
如果邻居们不给糖果, 孩子们可能会捉弄他们。
trick
1)n.
thing done in order to deceive or outwit sb. 诡计; 花招
You can’t fool me with that old trick!
你玩弄那种老花招骗不了我！
play a trick on sb. 对某人施用诡计; 对某人搞恶作剧; 诈骗某人; 开某人的玩笑
2)vt.
deceive欺骗; 诈骗
You’ve been tricked. 你受骗了。
He tricked me into giving him the money. 他哄骗我给了他钱。
Her partner tried to trick her out of her share.
她的合伙人企图骗走她的股份。
8. India has a national festival on October 2 to honor Mohandas Gandhi, the leader who helped gain India’s independence from Britain.
在印度, 10月2日是纪念莫罕达斯·甘地的全国性节日, 他是帮助印度脱离英国而独立的领袖。
gain vt.
obtain, win获得; 得到; 赢得
gain sb. ‘s affections赢得某人的喜爱
He quickly gained experience.
他很快就有经验了。
Only after ten years in the country did she gain her citizenship.
她在这个国家住了十年后才取得了公民身份。
9. People are grateful because their food is gathered for the winter and the agricultural work is over.
越冬的粮食收集起来了, 而农活季节已经过去, 人们都心怀感激。
gather vt. & vi. come or bring sb. /sth. together in one place搜集; 集合; 聚集
Give me time to gather information.
给我些时间搜集资料。
The teacher gathered the pupils round her.
老师把小学生们聚集在她周围。
“Children, gather round, and Miss Alice will tell you a fable. ”
“孩子们, 大家聚拢点, 爱丽丝小姐给你们讲个寓言故事。”
10. Some people might win awards for their farm produce, like the biggest watermelon or the most handsome rooster.
有些人可能因为他们的农产品（参加评选）而获奖, 比如最大的西瓜或最帅的公鸡。
award
1)n. thing or amount awarded奖; 奖品
She showed us the awards she had won.
她给我们看她赢得的奖品。
Mary got an award and was able to finish her study.
玛丽得到了助学金, 得以完成学业。
2)vt.
make an official decision to give sth. to sb. as a prize, as payment or as a punishment授予; 判定
The school awarded Marry a prize (for her good work).
学校（因为她工作出色而）奖励了玛丽。
He was awarded the gold medal for being the fastest runner.
他跑得最快, 因而获得了金牌。
The court awarded him damages of $50 000.
法庭判给他50 000美元损害赔偿费。
11. China and Japan have mid-autumn festivals, when people admire the moon and in China, enjoy mooncakes.
中国和日本都有中秋节, 这时人们会赏月。在中国, 人们还品尝月饼。
admire vt.
regard sb. /sth. with respect, pleasure, satisfaction, etc. 赞美; 钦佩; 羡慕
I admire her for her bravery. 我钦佩她的勇气。
We all admired her for she saved the children from the fire.
她把孩子们从大火中救出来, 我们都钦佩不已。
Everybody admires him for his fine sense of humor.
人人都钦佩他那绝妙的幽默感。
【拓展】 admirable 令人钦佩的；值得赞美的
admiration n.
钦佩；赞美
12. The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring.
最富生气而又最重要的节日就是告别冬天、迎来春天的日子。
look forward to: expect; anticipate sth. with pleasure期望; 盼望; 期待
look forward to one’s holidays, the weekend, a trip to the theater盼望放假、周末、去看戏
We are so much looking forward to seeing you again.
我们非常盼望再见到你。
【注意】 该短语中to为介词, 后接名词、代词或动名词。类似的短语还有devote. . . to, lead (. . . ) to, be/get used to; get down to; stick to等。
13. The country, covered with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it is covered with pink snow.
整个国度到处是樱花盛开, 看上去就像罩上了一层粉红色的雪。
句子中的covered with cherry tree flowers是过去分词短语, 用作定语, 相当于非限制性定语从句which is covered with cherry tree flowers。as though it is covered with pink snow是表语从句。连词as though等于as if, 既可引导表语从句, 又可引导方式状语从句。
as though/as if: with the appearance of; apparently好像; 仿佛
as though/as if引导的从句可用虚拟语气, 也可用陈述语气。
虚拟语气（表示与事实有可能相反）
He behaved as if/as though nothing had happened.
他装作若无其事的样子。
He talks as if/as though he knew everything.
他说起话来好像什么都知道似的。
He looks as if/as though he were ill.
他看上去好像生病了。
陈述语气（表示很可能的事实）
It looks as if/as though it is going to rain.
天看上去好像要下雨。
The animal was walking as if/as though its leg was hurt.
这动物走路的样子好像腿受了伤。
She spoke to me as if/as though she knew me.
她和我说话的神情, 好像她早就认识我。
14. People love to get together to eat, drink and have fun with each other.
人们喜欢聚在一起吃、喝、玩耍。
fun n.
[U]
1)enjoyment; pleasure享乐; 快乐; 娱乐; 乐趣
We had lots of fun at the fair today.
我们今天在游乐场上玩得很高兴。
What fun it will be when we all go on holiday!
我们大家一起去度假那可太有意思了。
2)playfulness; good humor滑稽; 幽默
She is very lively and full of fun.
她很活泼又很幽默。
3)amusing; providing pleasure（作定语）有趣; 逗笑
She is always wearing a fun hat.
她总是戴着一顶可笑的帽子。
have fun (with): have good time (with)（与某人一起）玩得开心
They had fun with each other during their holidays.
假日期间, 他们一起玩得很开心。
【拓展】 for fun/for the fun of it/just in fun: for amusement; not seriously; as a joke取乐; 非认真地; 当笑话
Mr. Alexander doesn’t just write for fun; in fact, writing is his bread and butter.
亚历山大从事写作不是为了好玩, 事实上写作是他的谋生之道。
make fun of sb. /sth. : laugh at sb. /sth. , usually unkindly嘲笑某人/某事
It is cruel to make fun of people who stammer.
嘲笑口吃的人未免不近人情。
注意以下搭配
have fun/a good time/a great time
take pleasure/enjoyment in sth.
get pleasure/enjoyment from sth.
spoil the fun/sb. ‘s pleasure
do sth.
for fun/pleasure/enjoyment
15. Festivals let us enjoy life, be proud of our customs and forget our work for a little while.
节日让我们享受生活, 让我们为自己的习俗而自豪, 还可以暂时忘却我们的工作。
be proud of: take pride in以……为自豪; 以……为骄傲
They were proud of their success/being so successful.
他们为自己的成功/取得了这样的成功而骄傲。
She is proud of her new car.
她为她的新车而颇觉得意。
→Step 5 Using words, expressions and patterns
Do exercises in Using words and expressions on Page 42.
The following procedures may be followed:
1. Go through the three exercises with students and make sure they know what to do.
2. Several minutes for students to finish them individually, and then discuss and check them with their partner.
3. Check the answers with the whole class.
4. If time permits, explain the problems students meet where necessary.
→Step 6 Homework
1. Finish off the Workbook exercises. Do Exercise 3 on Page 42 in the exercise book.
2. Learn the new words and expressions by heart.
设计方案(二)
→Step 1 Revision
1. Check the homework exercises.
2. Ask some students to dictate some useful new words and expressions.
→Step 2 Vocabulary study
1. Let students review the new words and expressions in Warming up, Pre-reading, Reading and Comprehending and give time to students to ask their own questions.
2. Ask students to fill in the following form according to the requirement and learn the word formation.
n.+-ous→adj. n.+-al→adj. v.+-(a)tion→n.
religion culture produce danger nation educate
humor season celebrate courage origin predict
religion culture produce danger nation educate
humor season celebrate courage origin predict
→Step 3 Practice for useful words and expressions
1. Let students do Exercise 2 in Learning about Language on Page 4 and check the answers after most of students finish.
2. Question students on the meanings of those new words which will be used in Exercise 3 in Learning about Language on Page 4. Then let students complete these famous quotes and check the answers after most of them finish. Finally ask students to read these famous quotes aloud and try to think of some Chinese idioms or sayings that carry the same meaning.
→Step 4 Sentence focus
Ask students to read through the Warming Up and Reading again to find out the difficult sentences they can’t understand and give time to students to ask their own questions. Explain them to the class.
→Step 5 Workbook exercises for consolidation
Ask students to do the exercises in Using words and expressions on Page 42 to consolidate what they have learned in this period.
→Step 6 Homework
1. Learn the new words and expressions by heart.
2. Finish off the Workbook exercises.
3. Do Exercise 3 on Page 42 in the exercise book.
板书设计
Unit 1 Festivals around the world
Learning about language: Important language points
Important vocabulary
starve, religious, feast, belief, poet, arrival, gain, independence, gather, agriculture, award, admire, energetic, clothing, Christian, custom, take place, in memory of, dress up, play a trick on, look forward to, day and night, as though, have fun with 1. . . . people would starve if food was difficult to find. . .
2. They offer food, flowers and gifts to the dead.
3. The country, covered with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it is covered with pink snow.
活动与探究
Creation and description
Step 1: Have a group discussion and create a festival as you wish. Then fill in the following form.
What is the name of your festival?
When is the festival celebrated?
Who celebrate the festival?
How do people celebrate it?
Why do people celebrate it?
What are the themes?
Step 2: Describe the festival you create.
One possible example:
What is the name of your festival? Grandparents’ Day.
When is the festival celebrated? On the second Sunday in April.
Who celebrate the festival? Children and young people.
How do people celebrate it? Children and young people call on their grandparents to express thanks and love.
Why do people celebrate it? To honor the hard work and to care of grandparents.
What are the themes? Respect, love and dignity.
One possible description:
The purpose of my festival is to give thanks and praise to one of the most important people in my life, my dear grandmother. She is my only living grandparent. She is 86 years old and has lived near my home since I was born. She is really lovely, although she is quite old. Everyday she brings fresh eggs and milk to my mother to give me for breakfast. Sometimes when I visit her, she still gives me candies, although she knows I am no longer a child.
I must say that I seldom forget all the good things my grandparent has done for me but I know that some of my friends often do. This festival will help remind them how important it is to honor our oldest family members. After all, without them, none of us would be here. All old people deserve our respect, which adds to their feeling of dignity, don’t you think?
My festival will always be held on the second Sunday in April when spring has truly come to all parts of China. Our grandparents may be old but I believe they are still young at heart. Spring is the time to celebrate their youthful spirit.
Each of us should take at least one of our grandparents to a park, or some other quiet places, such as a museum. We should talk to them and perhaps bring him or her little gift. I think the gift should be something we have made, so it needn’t be expensive. We should write the symbol for long a life in the gift to wish our grandparents a long and healthy life.
Hope you agree with me and you are welcome to ask me more questions about it if you are interested in it.