Unit 2 Healthy eating
Period 2 Learning about language: Important language points
整体设计
教材分析
This is the second teaching period of this unit. The teacher can first check students’ homework and offer chances for students to review what they learned during the first period.
The emphasis of this period will be placed on the important new words, expressions and sentence patterns in the parts Warming Up, Pre-reading, Reading and Comprehending. In order to make students understand these important points thoroughly, we can first get students to understand their meanings in the context, then give some explanations about them, later offer some practices to make students master their usages. Some new words and expressions, such as diet, balance, consult, limit, benefit, combine, ought to, get away with, before long and so on are very useful and important. So are the sentence patterns “Wang Peng sat in his empty restaurant feeling very frustrated. ” and “He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies! ” We ought to pay more attention to them.
At the end of the class, the teacher can make students do more exercises for consolidation. In doing so, they can learn, grasp and use these important language points well.
教学重点
1. Enable students to grasp the usages of such important new words and expressions as diet, balance, consult, limit, benefit, combine, ought to, get away with, before long, etc.
2. Get students to master the patterns “Wang Peng sat in his empty restaurant feeling very frustrated. ” and “He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies! ”
教学难点
1. Let students learn the usage of the expression “ought to”.
2. Enable students to learn the sentence pattern “He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies! ”
3. Get students to understand some difficult and long sentences.
三维目标
知识目标
1. Get students to learn and grasp the important useful new words and expressions in this part: diet, nut, bean, pea, cucumber, eggplant, pepper, mushroom, peach, lemon, balance, barbecue, mutton, roast, fry, ought, bacon, slim, curiosity, hostess, raw, vinegar, lie, customer, discount, weakness, strength, balanced diet, ought to, lose weight, get away with, tell a lie, win. . . back
2. Let students learn the following important useful sentence patterns:
1)Wang Peng sat in his empty restaurant feeling very frustrated. (present participle used as adverbial)
2)By now his restaurant ought to be full of people. (ought to)
3)Nothing could be better. (comparative degree used in negative)
4)Something terrible must have happened if Li Chang was not coming to eat in his restaurant as he always did. (must have done)
5)He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies! (can’t/couldn’t have sb. doing.. . )
能力目标
1. Get students to use some useful new words and expressions correctly.
2. Enable students to make sentences after the useful sentence patterns.
情感目标
1. Stimulate students’ interest in learning English.
2. Develop students’ spirit of cooperation and teamwork.
教学过程
设计方案(一)
→Step 1 Revision
1. Check the homework exercises.
2. Ask some students to talk about problems with diet, balanced diet and nutrition.
→Step 2 Reading and finding
Get students to read through Warming Up, Pre-reading, Reading and Comprehending to underline all the new words and useful expressions or collocations in these parts.
Collocations: have to, a healthy diet, in different ways, energy-giving food, body-building food, protective food, a balanced diet, sit in his empty restaurant, feel very frustrated, a very strange morning, prepare his menu, by lunchtime, by now, ought to, be full of, be made of, Nothing could be better. , hurry by, follow sb. into. . . , lose weight, be fit, be amazed at, more than, a good meal, get away with, had better, do some research, too much, even though, energy-giving food, feel more hopeful, win. . . back, be on
Read them aloud and copy them down in the exercise book after class.
→Step 3 Practice for useful words and expressions
1. Turn to Page 12. Go through the exercises in Discovering useful words and expressions with students and make sure they know what to do.
2. Give them several minutes to finish the exercises. They first do them individually, then discuss and check them with their partner.
3. Check the answers with the whole class and explain the problems they meet where necessary.
→Step 4 Studying important language points
1. Everybody has to eat, but do you eat a healthy diet?
每个人都得吃东西, 不过你的饮食健康吗？
diet
1)n.
sort of food that is usually eaten(by a person, community, etc. )（某人、共同生活的人等）通常吃的食物; 日常饮食limited variety or amount of food that a person is allowed to eat限定的食物种类或数量; 限定食谱
Too rich a diet is not good for you.
吃太多油腻的食物对你身体不好。
to be/go/put sb. on a diet
节食; 限定某人的食物
He began his diet a week ago.
他在一星期前开始节食。
People who are on a diet mustn’t have chocolate.
正在节食的人不能吃巧克力。
2)vt. & vi. (be allowed to)eat only some foods or a little food, esp. to lose weight节食
The doctor has dieted the patient strictly.
医生严格规定病人的饮食。
No sugar in my coffee, please; I’m dieting.
请不要给我的咖啡放糖, 我在节食。
【辨析】diet & food
diet指的是日常饮食或限定的食物, 尤指维持健康的定量或定质的食物, 通常为可数名词; food是一般用语, 凡能吃能喝的具有营养的东西都可称为food, 通常为不可数名词, 但涉及食物的种类时可用作可数名词。
Fill in the blanks with diet or food.
(1)The doctor has ordered me a special ______________.
医生给我安排了特殊的饮食。
(2)We must have ______________ to eat and clothes to wear.
我们必须有东西吃, 有衣服穿。
(3)The sick man must not go without ______________, but he must have a ______________ without sugar.
这个病人不吃东西不行, 但不能吃含糖的东西。
Suggested answers: (1)diet (2)food (3)food; diet
2. What will happen to you if you don’t eat a balanced diet?
要是你不平衡饮食, 会发生什么呢？
balance
1)n. instrument used for weighing天平; 秤even distribution; steadiness平衡; 平稳
The child couldn’t keep his balance on his new bicycle.
孩子骑在他的新自行车上不能保持平衡。
He lost his balance and fell over.
他失去平衡, 跌倒了。
The growth of the new political party upset the balance of power.
新政党的壮大打破了力量的均势。
2)vt. & vi.
keep or put sth. in a state of balance保持平衡
How long can you balance on one foot?
你能单脚站立多久？
You have to balance the advantages of living downtown against the disadvantages.
你必须权衡住在市中心的利弊。
Try to balance your diet by eating more fruit and less protein.
多吃些水果, 少摄入些蛋白质, 使饮食均衡合理。
3)balanced adj. keeping or showing a balance（通常作定语）保持平衡的; 显示平衡的
a balanced diet均衡饮食
a balanced state of mind内心的平衡
【拓展】
in the balance（命运）未定, 在危急中; 不确定
Though her life was in the balance, she thought only of the safety of her fellows.
尽管她生命危急, 但她一心只想着她伙伴们的安全。
off balance不稳
on balance总的来说
Their suggestion has, on balance, proved practicable.
总的说来, 他们的建议已被证明是可行的。
3. Wang Peng sat in his empty restaurant feeling very frustrated.
王鹏坐在他那空荡荡的餐馆里, 感到很沮丧。
feeling very frustrated是现在分词短语, 在句子中作状语, 表示伴随情况。例如:
She sat on the chair reading a newspaper.
她坐在椅子上, 在读报。
Pretending to look frightened, I backed towards the door.
我装出害怕的样子, 退到门口。
另外, 现在分词短语作状语, 还可表示时间、原因、结果等。例如:
Walking in the street, she met her old friend.
她走在街上的时候, 遇到一位老朋友。（表时间）
Seeing no body at home, she decided to eat outside.
她看到家里没人, 决定出去吃。（表原因）
The child fell, striking his head against the ground.
孩子跌倒了, 头撞在地板上。（表结果）
【拓展】frustrating令人沮丧的
It’s frustrating to have to wait so long.
等待这么长时间真让人心烦。
4. By now his restaurant ought to be full of people.
到了这个时候, 他的餐馆本该宾客盈门的。
ought to=should
1)to show a moral duty （表示一种道义上的责任）应该; 应当
She ought to look after her child better.
她应该把孩子照顾得更好。
You ought to study hard to get a high mark.
你应该刻苦学习, 以取得好的成绩。
2)ought to have done 表示本应该……, 而却没有……
You ought to have come yesterday.
你本应该昨天来的。
You ought not to have stayed with her.
你本来不应该和她在一起的。
be full of=be filled with充满
He was full of curiosity.
他的心里充满了好奇。
The house on fire was full of heavy smoke and shouting.
着火的房子里充满了浓烟和喊叫声。
5. He thought of his mutton, beef and bacon cooked in the hottest, finest oil.
他想起了他用滚烫的精制油烹制的羊肉（串）、牛排和熏咸肉。
cooked in the hottest, finest oil是过去分词短语, 作后置定语, 表被动, 相当于定语从句which were cooked in the hottest, finest oil。例如:
The flowers picked by him are very beautiful.
他摘的鲜花非常漂亮。
6. Nothing could be better.
再没有比这些更好（吃）的了。
这句话相当于“All his food could be the best. ”。比较级的否定形式, 实际上表示的是最高级的含义。例如:
I have never seen a better film.
我从没看过更好的电影。
Nobody loved money better than he did.
没有人比他更爱财。
I think nothing is more pleasant than traveling.
我想没有什么比旅行更令人愉快的了。
7. Suddenly he saw his friend Li Chang hurrying by.
突然, 他看到自己的朋友李昌匆匆走过。
see, hear, notice, watch, feel等动词后面的宾语补足语可以是不带to的动词不定式, 也可以是现在分词, 但两者的含义不完全相同, 前者着重叙述事实的经过, 后者着重强调偶然察觉到的一个正在进行的动作。例如:
I saw him put everything in his bag and go out.
我看见他把所有的东西都装进了口袋, 走了出去。
I saw him putting something in his bag.
我看见他正向口袋里装东西。
Complete the sentences with the right forms of the verbs given.
1)I watched her ______________(step)off the sidewalk, ______________(cross)the road, and ______________(disappear)into the post office.
我看着她走下人行道, 穿过马路, 进了邮局。
2)When I glanced out of the window I saw Daisy ______________(cross)the road.
我目光转向窗外, 瞥见戴西正在过马路。
Suggested answers: 1)step; cross; disappear 2)crossing
8. Something terrible must have happened if Li Chang was not coming to eat in his restaurant as he always did.
要是李昌不像往常那样来他的餐馆吃饭, 那问题就严重了。
这是一个复合句, 含有两个从句。if Li Chang was not coming to eat in his restaurant as he always did是条件状语从句, as he always did是方式状语从句。
情态动词must在此处表示推测, 意为“想必”“一定”。must表示推测时, 仅用于肯定句中。当后接不定式的完成式时, 表示对过去情况的推测。例如:
He must have gone home.
他肯定已经回家了。
He must have gone swimming yesterday.
他昨天一定去游泳了。
9. Tired of all that fat? Want to lose weight?
肥腻的东西吃厌了吧？想减肥吗？
这是省略的句子, 完整的句子应该是: Are you tired of all that fat? Do you want to lose weight? 所以朗读时应用升调。
be/get tired of对……厌倦
I’m tired of the same food every day.
我厌倦了天天吃同样的食品。
He has got tired of living abroad.
他厌倦了国外的生活。
lose weight体重减轻; 减肥
Mary is dieting to lose weight.
为了减肥, 玛丽正在节食。
【拓展】put on/again weight增加体重
10. Wang Peng was amazed at this and especially at the prices.
王鹏对此感到吃惊, 特别是对它们的价格。
be amazed at对……感到惊讶/惊愕
You would be amazed at how difficult it was.
要是知道有多么困难, 你会大为诧异的。
Everybody was amazed at his design.
大家都对他的设计感到惊讶。
11. He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies!
他可不能让咏慧哄骗人们后跑掉。
have sb. doing sth. : allow or tolerate(sth. )表示允许或容忍某事发生, 多用于否定句中, 特别是用在will not, cannot等之后。
Mr. Zhang won’t have his daughter arriving home after 12 o’clock.
张先生不容许他女儿12点后回家。
I won’t have you saying so!
我不容许你这样说。
get away with doing sth. : not be punished for sth. （做了某事）而不受惩罚
I won’t have you getting away with cheating in the exam.
我不能容忍你考试作弊而不受惩罚。
get away with sth. : steal sth. and escape with it偷携某物潜逃receive(a relatively light)受到（较轻的处罚）
The robbers robbed the bank and got away with a lot of money.
这些强盗抢了银行, 携巨款潜逃。
He was so lucky to get away with a fine for such a serious mistake.
他犯了如此严重的错误, 侥幸只交了罚款了事。
tell a lie/tell lies说谎
He is always telling lies.
他这个人老是撒谎。
12. Perhaps with a discount and a new sign he could win his customers back.
或许打折的方法和新的招牌能够帮他赢回顾客。
win. . . back赢回; 重新获得
They were determined to win the seat back from Labor.
他们决心从工党手里重新夺得这个议席。
→Step 5 Using words, expressions and patterns
Do Exercises in Using words and expressions on Pages 49-50.
The following procedures may be followed:
1. Go through the exercises with students and make sure they know what to do.
2. Several minutes for students to finish them individually, and then discuss and check them with their partner.
3. Check the answers with the whole class.
4. If time permits, explain the problems students meet where necessary.
→Step 6 Homework
1. Finish off the Workbook exercises.
2. Learn the new words and expressions by heart.
设计方案(二)
→Step 1 Revision
1. Check the homework exercises.
2. Ask some students to dictate some useful new words and expressions.
→Step 2 Vocabulary study
1. Let students review the new words and expressions in Warming up, Pre-reading, Reading and Comprehending and give time to students to ask their own questions.
2. Ask students to learn some new words using the word formation.
3. Explain some new key words and expressions.
→Step 3 Practice for useful words and expressions
Let students do the following exercises and check the answers after most of them finish.
1. Find words and expressions that mean the same to fill in the blanks.
1)______________ something that you say is not true
2)______________ not to be punished for something
3)______________ uncooked
4)______________ the strong wish to know about something
5)______________ someone who buys things or services from a shop, company, etc.
6)______________ a particular quality that gives someone or something an advantage
2. Fill in the blanks with words from the left box and paraphrase the italicized parts using the phrases from the right box.
balanced diet raw
slim ought to energetic lose weight lose heart
lose interest lose faceJulie wanted to become thinner. She knew she ______________ eat more vegetables and fruit but little meat. However, as she was so afraid of being laughed at by her friends, she did not consult a doctor but lived on a ______________ of rice, ______________ vegetables, bananas and lemons. Three weeks later, she found she weighed as much as ever. She felt so sad and hopeless about herself and her behavior changed. She didn’t dare to face her boyfriend and she was unwilling to visit her friends any more. Luckily, her best friend Fred came to see her and encouraged her to exercise, eat a ______________ diet and enjoy life again. Soon Julie became amazingly ______________ and ______________! She felt very happy.
→Step 4 Sentence focus
Ask students to read through the Warming Up and Reading again to find out the difficult sentences they can’t understand and give time to students to ask their own questions. Explain them to the class.
→Step 5 Workbook exercises for consolidation
Ask students to do the exercises in Using words and expressions on Pages 49-50 to consolidate what they have learned in this period.
→Step 6 Homework
1. Learn the new words and expressions by heart.
2. Finish off the Workbook exercises.
3. Do Exercise 2 on Page 49 and Exercise 4 on Page 50 in the exercise book.
板书设计
Unit 2 Healthy eating
Learning about language: Important language points
Important vocabulary Sentence patterns
diet, nut, bean, pea, cucumber, eggplant, pepper, mushroom, peach, lemon, balance, barbecue, mutton, roast, fry, ought, bacon, slim, curiosity, hostess, raw, vinegar, lie, customer, discount, weakness, strength, balanced diet, ought to, lose weight, get away with, tell a lie, win. . . back 1. Wang Peng sat in his empty restaurant feeling very frustrated.
2. By now his restaurant ought to be full of people.
3. Nothing could be better.
4. Something terrible must have happened if Li Chang was not coming to eat in his restaurant as he always did.
5. He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies!
活动与探究
Read the following words related to food and drink. Look up the ones you are not familiar with in the dictionary. Add as many words as you can. Divide them into groups in any way you like. Share the results with your partners.
sugar radish eggplant barbecue grape carrot garlic spicy peach kebabboil noodle mushroom shrimp bread mutton plum bacon milk fry colasalty melon spaghetti cabbage turnip mango cheese coffee beef vinegar ricecrispy cucumber mustard cream pepper lemon juice crab pea tea corn roasttasteless pineapple sour mineral water bean curd(tofu) wine