2017届重庆市高考英语一轮复习阅读理解选编精练：14（含解析）

　　重庆市2017高考英语阅读理解选编（14）（附解析） 

　　阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

　　(2017·东北三省三校第二次联考，D)

　　Deception (骗术) is something that people do all the time, and it plays an important role in

　　military (军事的) strategy. Now some researchers are trying to figure out how to get robots to do

　　it, by looking at the behavior of squirrels and birds.

　　At Georgia Tech, a team led by Ronald Arkin, a professor at the School of Interactive Computing, studied the literature on squirrels hiding their acorns (橡果). Squirrels will hide their food in a certain place, but when they see other squirrels trying to steal from them, they attempt to fool the thieves by running to a false location.

　　Ronald Arkin and his Ph. D. student Jaeeun Shim used that as a model for robot behavior. They programmed the robot into tricking a ?predator (捕食者)” machine by doing what a squirrel does: showing the enemy a false location for an important resource.

　　The team also looked at how other animals—in this case, a species of bird called Arabian babbler—drive off predators. A babbler will make an alarm call when they see a predator and other babblers will join the bird and make more calls. They then surround the predator, all the while flapping (拍打) wings and making noises. The babblers don't ever actually fight the animal they want to drive off; they just make enough noises and flaps around enough so that it seems that attacking a babbler isn't worth it.

　　They found that the deception works when the group reaches a certain size—essentially, when enough birds arrive to convince the enemy that it's best to back off. Davis modeled that behavior in software using a military scene and found that it worked even if the group didn't have the firepower to confront the enemy directly.

　　The military is interested in this because a robot that can fool an opponent is a valuable tool. It could lead an enemy down a false trail or make itself look more dangerous than it actually is.

　　文章大意：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了骗术在军事策略中起着重要的作用，一些研究人员正在通过研究松鼠和鸟类的活动，希望机器人能模仿这些行为，以便能有效地应用于军事中。

　　1．Why does the military want to take advantage of squirrels' trick?

　　A．It can reduce the use of firepower to confront the enemy.

　　B．It can fool the enemy into believing it is more dangerous.

　　C．It can lead the enemy in a wrong direction to avoid losing resources.

　　D．It can scare the enemy away who wants to destroy the acorns.

　　答案：C　推理判断题。根据文章第二段最后一句“... they attempt to fool the thieves by running to a false location.”可知，松鼠为了保护自己的橡果不被其他松鼠吃掉，会朝别的方向奔跑，由此可推知，C项正确。

　　2．Which of the following is NOT the way Arabian babblers drive off predators?

　　A．One bird makes an alarm call and other birds will join it.

　　B．They fight the enemy bravely face to face.

　　C．They make noises and flaps around the predator.

　　D．They force the predator aware that it isn't worthwhile to attack.

　　答案：B　细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段中Arabian babbler赶走predator的过程可知，B项不是Arabian babbler赶走掠夺者的方法。故B项正确。

　　3．What is the main idea of the passage?

　　A．Animals' behaviors are researched to be applied to the study of military robots.

　　B．Robots' fooling tricks are applied to the study of animals' behaviors.

　　C．Birds and squirrels are the animals that are good at deception.

　　D．Researchers are interested in animals' militaryrelated behaviors.

　　答案：A　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了松鼠和Arabian babbler在生存中如何利用骗术击退敌人保护自己的过程，研究人员希望机器人也能模仿这些行为，从而有效地运用于军事战略当中。故A项正确。

　　阅读理解2017·江西师大附中三模An older friend once gave me a piece of advice，“Enjoy the last few weeks of college，” she said，“since college is the best time of your life.”

　　This was not the first time I’d heard such a statement，but with graduation fast coming close，her words especially struck me.It seemed a bit disappointing to reach one’s life peak at only 22 years of age，but in her opinion，college had been one of the best times in my life so far.I made friends，took classes，and learned a great deal about myself.But I was also excited for the time after college—moving to a new city，starting a new job，and becoming a “real” person.I hoped that my great dreams were practical.

　　Then，last week I read a column in Real Simple Magazine called 100 Years of Attitude，in which women 100 years or older shared their life experiences and views.I noticed that none of them considered college as the “best” time of their life.Not all of them went to college，but still in most cases their teens and twenties were not the best times of their life.They said some of their favorite times were raising their children，traveling after retirement，and even enjoying their present time and age.

　　Enjoying one’s present time and age was a clear theme of the interviews.A piece of advice given by the women was about the importance of making the best of all situations.I think it more accurate than that of my friend；I can say with certainty that if I am lucky enough to make it to 100.I refuse to spend the last 80 years of my life plummeting (跌落) downhill，or even leveling off.

　　I am sure that our eagerness and devotion will make us college students live a meaningful life.We will not just look backwards or miss our college days.We will look forward in excitement about continued journey uphill.

　　1．Which of the following opinions does the writer agree with?

　　A．College is the best time of one’s life.

　　B．Twenties were the best time of the old people.

　　C．One should make the best of all situations.

　　D．One should not look backwards at their college time.

　　2．In the second paragraph，the writer wants to say________.

　　A．her achievements in college would be the peak of her success

　　B．she is looking forward to living as a “real” person in college

　　C．she becomes more and more uneasy with graduation

　　D．she is satisfied with the college life but is hopeful for the future

　　3．The column the writer read is mainly about those old women’s________.

　　A．best time of life at youth

　　B．life experiences and views

　　C．different opinions about life

　　D．favorite time with best friends

　　4．By saying “I refuse to spend the last 80 years of my life plummeting downhill，or even leveling off” (in Paragraph 4)，the writer really means________.

　　A．she will not spend the rest of her time at college

　　B．she will not just obtain a college level certificate

　　C．she will not be satisfied with what she has already accomplished

　　D．she will not be content with the life in the future

　　5．Which of the following words can be used to describe the writer?

　　A．Ambitious.B．Practical.

　　C．Imaginative.

　　D．Proud.

　　语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文。都说大学是人生最辉煌的时光，但文中的作者却给出了不同的观点。

　　1．解析：　细节理解题。根据文章第四段第二、三句“A piece of advice given by the women...making the best of all situations.I think it more accurate than that of my friend...”可知，答案C符合文意。

　　答案：　C

　　2．解析：　段落大意题。根据文章第二段最后三句可知，作者对现在的大学生活很满意，但同时对未来也充满了期待，故答案D符合文意。

　　答案：　D

　　3．解析：　细节理解题。根据文章第三段第一句中的“...in which women 100 years or older shared their life experiences and views.”可知，答案B正确。

　　答案：　B

　　4．解析：　句意理解题。根据对文章最后一段的整体理解可知，作者并不满足现有的成就，而是要继续下去，把整个人生都活得精彩、生动。由此可推知，答案C符合文意。

　　答案：　C

　　5．解析：　推理判断题。根据对文章的整体理解，尤其是最后一段可推知，作者是一个不满足于现状的年轻人，是一个积极进取的人。故答案A“有抱负的”符合文意。

　　答案：　A

　　Camilla Tadich (An Exhibition At Dianne Tanzer Gallery＋Projects)

　　Sat,28 January,2017—Sat,3 March,2017　10：00 am—5：00 pm

　　Dianne Tanzer Gallery＋Projects,108—110 Gertrude St Fitzroy，VIC

　　Camilla Tadich’s practice focuses on the night Australian landscape and explores spaces within darkness.Senses are enhanced as we traverse the darkened landscapes of these paintings.

　　FREE diannetanzergallery.net.au

　　Healing the Bay

　　Tue,31 January,2017—Tue,27 March,2017　10：00 am—6：00 pm

　　Galleon Cafe,9 Carlisle Street，St Kilda

　　This exhibition brings artistic concern for the health of Port Phillip Bay and in particular the coastal stretch of the City of Port Phillip.The works in a number of media will bring public insight and inspiration to a range of issues that are putting pressure on our bay，including sea level rise，environmental concerns，coastal development and sustainability.

　　History And Heritage—Melton Photography Exhibition

　　Wed,15 February,2017—Sun,26 February,2017　9：00 am—5：00pm

　　323 High Street，Melton，VIC

　　The History and Heritage of Melton Photography Exhibition is a community driven project that promotes the exchange of material，research and participation.This “grass roots” approach to the development of this exhibition ensures that there is a sustainable preservation of culture and active engagement with local history.The History and Heritage of Melton and District Newsletter evolved from this exhibition and this publication was a Sustainable Cities Awards Finalist in 2011.

　　Conservatory Of Singular Specimens—An Environmental Art Exhibition

　　Thu,16 February,2017—Sun,26 February,2017　9：00 am—5：00 pm

　　Bolin Bolin Gallery,6 Manningham Rd West，Bulleen

　　Sanctum Theatre’s Conservatory of Singular Specimens is an “ark upon which Sanctum artists attempt to rescue some of our most significant species”．Artworks will include sculptures，paintings，drawings，puppets and installations.This exhibition will be opened on Gaia night,23 Feb—see separate listing for details.This event will raise funds for Sustainable Gardening Australia.

　　1．We can infer that Camilla Tadich may be

　　.

　　A．a historian

　　B．a painter

　　C．a photographer

　　D．an environmentalist

　　2．If you visit Gallen Cafe，you are interested in

　　.

　　A．enjoying the night scenes

　　B．learning about the history

　　C．protecting the environment

　　D．saving the species of plants

　　3．According to the text，Melton Photography exhibition

　　.

　　A．is promoted by active photographs

　　B．is a project to record local history

　　C．is to spread culture between communities

　　D．is developed through the efforts of local people

　　4．To collect money for a project，you may choose

　　.

　　A．Camilla Tadich

　　B．History And Heritage

　　C．Healing The Bay

　　D．Conservatory Of Singular Specimens

　　1．B　

　　2．C　

　　3．D　

　　4．D　

　　2016高考英语阅读理解集训

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。

　　When you don’t have anything planned for the day or it’s rainy outside and your children are stuck in the house, why not sit around and tell them riddles（谜语）? Telling riddles will make your family laugh and sometimes even scratch their heads, trying to figure out what the answer is.

　　Riddles have been a pastime for centuries. Not only have riddles been something for passing the time, but they have also been used to pass on secret information during the Second World War. Even the ancient Greeks used riddles. They would tell riddles at parties and whoever was the first to get them right would receive prize.

　　Most riddles use words that have double meanings or share the same sound like “hear” and “here”. So in order to get the riddle, you will have to do some creative thinking and think of all the possibilities of different words. The difficulty of figuring out the riddle is based on the riddle itself. The riddle has to provide you with enough clues to come to the right answer, but that doesn’t mean that the clues have to be easy.

　　If you are looking to tell riddles but don’t know any, you can look online and you will find a large number of sites that will have hundreds of different riddles to choose from. If you would like to look somewhere else then you could look at your local bookstore, where you will be able to find many different books with thousands of riddles to choose from. You can even find websites and books that will tell you how to write your own riddles.

　　After you have found some resources that have different riddles, you will need to read through them to find the right ones for you and your family: You will also need to make sure that your kids will have a chance to figure out the answers. So take your time and choose the fight family riddles to tell.

　　1．What is the author’s main purpose in writing the text?

　　A. To recommend an interesting family activity.

　　B. To stress the importance of family activities.

　　C. To encourage children to read more books.

　　D. To introduce the history of riddles.

　　．From the text we know that riddles _______.

　　A. do not have enough clues

　　B. have a very long history

　　C. were used in World War One

　　D. were first used in ancient Rome

　　．In Paragraph 3, the author mainly ________.

　　A. discusses how riddles are created

　　B. explains why fiddles are interesting

　　C. tells people how to solve riddles

　　D. shows the benefits of telling riddles

　　．To collect riddles, the author suggests ________.

　　A. one way

　　B. two ways

　　C. three ways

　　D. four ways试题分析： 本文介绍了一种古老的消磨时间的方法riddles。并告诉我们猜谜的方法以及找到这些字谜的地方。

　　．A 推理题。根据文章第一段1,2行When you don’t have anything planned for the day or it’s rainy outside and your children are stuck in the house, why not sit around and tell them riddles?可知本文中作者向我们推荐了一种猜谜的游戏。故A正确。

　　．B 细节题。根据文章第二段第一句Riddles have been a pastime for centuries.可知这种游戏已经存在了很长时间了。故B正确。

　　．C 推理题。根据文章第三段So in order to get the riddle, you will have to do some creative thinking and think of all the possibilities of different words. The difficulty of figuring out the riddle is based on the riddle itself. The riddle has to provide you with enough clues to come to the right answer, but that doesn’t mean that the clues have to be easy.可知本段告诉我们的是猜出这些字谜的方法，就是要运用字谜里出现的线索。故C正确。

　　．B

　　细节题。根据文章倒数第二段If you are looking to tell riddles but don’t know any, you can look online and you will find a large number of sites that will have hundreds of different riddles to choose from. If you would like to look somewhere else then you could look at your local bookstore,可知作者告诉了我们两种猜字谜的方法，一种是到网络上寻找。一种是到当地的书店里找。一共有两种方法。故B正确。

　　考点：考察说明文