重庆市2017高考英语阅读理解选编（121）（附解析）
【科普知识型---阅读理解】
It's a common belief that over time, pet owners start to look like their animals, and vice versa. Now comes the terrifying news that cats look up to their owners as role models and copy their behaviour.
Next time you reach for your fridge, think twice. If your kitty is watching, she is likely to overeat as well.
What is your cat's IQ?
In a new study from the University of Messina, it turns out that indoor cats who live closely to their owners “mirror” the lives of their caregivers. They sleep at the same time, eat at the same time, and can even become more or less social depending on the behaviour of their owners.
?Cats are intelligent animals with a long memory, ”Jane Brunt, the executive director of the Catalyst Council, told Discovery News. ?They watch and learn from us, noting the patterns of our actions, knowing where their food is kept and what time to expect to be fed, how to open the cupboard door that's been improperly closed, and where their feeding and toileting areas are.”Because cats copy our habits, if you spend a lot of time raiding(搜刮)the fridge, your cat will return to its food bowl for that midnight snack, too. According to the study, this explains why “human and cat overweight rates often seem to match”．So, if you feel guilty about leaving your precious kitty at home while you go to work, now you can feel even worse：you are making your cat fat!
There's no word if drinking green tea and making sure you go to yoga will benefit your cat, but based on the study, it sounds like sticking to a healthy eating and sleeping schedule is best for both of you.
There's a lot we can learn from our cats in return. “When they sit on our laps softly purring with rhythmic breathing and halfclosed eyes, the sense of peace and calm that comes over us is like a private lesson in inner meditation，”Brunt said. Sure. But cats don't have to sit in rush hour traffic for an hour a day or worry about their inlaws. They're probably pretty good at remaining calm.
So, according to science, even though we assume that cats are not close to us all these years, it turns out they are in fact learning from us and looking up to us. Scary, huh?
1．According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
A．Cats can copy humans' schedule.
B．Humans can learn from cats in some way.
C．Cats are smart and have a long memory.
D．Green tea and yoga can benefit cats.
2．What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 5 refer to?
A．Humans' keeping searching the fridge.
B．Cats' going to their owners for food.
C．Cats' copying humans' habit of looking for food.
D．Humans' leaving cats home while working.
3．What can we learn from our cats?
A．To remain calm.
B．To be able to copy.
C．To stay proud.
D．To look up to friends.
4．The best title for the passage could be
“________”．
A．Your cat can bring you pleasure
B．You are copying your cat
C．You can make your cat social
D．Your cat is copying your habit
【要点综述】本文是一篇有关养宠物猫的科普文章。宠物猫和主人待的时间长了会模仿主人的习惯，而人也能从猫身上学习一些好的习惯。
1．D 推理判断题。根据文章的“There's no word if drinking green tea and making sure you go to yoga will benefit your cat…”可知D项错误。
2．C 词义指代题。根据画线这一段的内容可知this 指代的是猫会模仿主人搜刮冰箱的习惯。故选C项。
3．A 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段内容，特别是最后一句“They're probably pretty good at remaining calm.”可知A项正确。
4．D 主旨大意题。本文是一篇有关养宠物猫的科普文章。宠物猫和主人待的时间长了会模仿主人的习惯，而人也能从猫身上学习一些好的习惯。故选D项。
阅读理解I suppose that the most basic and powerful way to connect to another person is to listen. Just listen. Perhaps the most important thing we ever give each other is our attention. And especially if it’s given from the heart. When people are talking，there’s no need to do anything but receive them. Listen to what they’re saying. Care about it. Most times caring about it is even more important than understanding it. Most of us don’t value ourselves or our love enough to know this. It has taken me a long time to believe in the power of simple saying “I’m so sorry” ，when someone is in pain.
One of my patients told me that when she tried to tell her story people often interrupted to tell her that they once had something just like that happening to them. Her pain became a story about themselves. Eventually she stopped talking to most people. We connect through listening. When we interrupt what someone is saying to let them know that we understand，we move the focus of attention to ourselves. When we listen，they know we care.
I have even learned to respond to someone crying by just listening. In the old days I used to reach for the handkerchiefs，until I realized that passing a person a handkerchief may be just another way to shut him down，to take them out of their experience of sadness. Now I just listen. When they have cried all they need to cry，they find me there with them.
This simple thing has not been that easy to learn. It certainly went against everything I had been taught since I was very young. I thought people listened only because they were too shy to speak or did not know the answer. But now I know that a loving silence often has far more power to heal than the kindest words.
1．What does the author value most in the communication with each other?
A．Deep understanding.
B．Saying “I’m sorry”．
C．Attention from heart.
D．Doing nothing.
2．The woman patient stopped telling her story to most people because________.
A．she didn’t get enough respect from others
B．she was discouraged by being often interrupted
C．people often told her their own opinions
D．people couldn’t understand her sad situation
3．If you hand a handkerchief to someone crying，you may________.
A．hurt his feelings
B．make him embarrassed
C．encourage him to continue to cry
D．stop him from letting out his sorrow
4．It can be inferred from the passage that while communicating，________.
A．listening is a perfect way to respond to others
B．people keep silent because they don’t know the answer
C．keeping silent means being too shy to speak
D．it is easy to form the habit of listening silently
全身心地聆听别人倾诉是帮助别人排解忧伤的最好方式。
1．解析：选C。细节理解题。从第一段第三、四句可知答案为C。
2．解析：选B。细节理解题。从第二段前三句的内容可知这位女病人之所以不再向别人倾诉是因为她总是被打断，故选B项。
3．解析：选D。细节理解题。从第三段第二句中的until I realized that passing a person a handkerchief may be just another way to shut him down，to take them out of their experience of sadness可知选D。
4．解析：选A。推理判断题。通读全文可推知A项正确。
（2016高考训练）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。Countless people long to make a difference this holiday season, yet they don't realize that opportunities to make a difference are everywhere.Here are some ideas to get you started.
Organize a blank drive
It is cold outside, but imagine how thousands of homeless people may feel without a home of their own, or even a blanket to keep them from the cold. Organize a blank drive for your local homeless, and ask around for donations!
Practice random acts of kindness
I'll never forget the time when I went to pay for my Dr. Pepper, but the server resisted, saying my bill was paid by an anonymous(匿名的) guest. It's this random act of kindness that restores my faith in humanity. Bless someone by paying for their drink at Starbucks, or praising them! If you live somewhere where it snows, shovel your neighbour's snow out of their driveway for them! Whether it is as simple as praise or as complex as paying the bill, you'll never know how far your impact will reach.
Say thank-you
Just a simple thank-you can make__somebody's__day,__especially if they feel like their work is never noticed. Cultivate(培养) a smile on their face by being sincere and grateful for all that they do.
Use your talents to help the community
The best way to show your appreciation for people is by using the talents and skills you have to bless others. For me, I love to coordinate(协调) events and write, and so my way of reaching out to the community is through writing articles and creating awareness about problems we face today. If you can bake, make some delicious cookies for people to enjoy! If you can knit, put your talents to use by making clothes for children in foster care. Any talent can be used to help the community in meaningful ways.
Wish you a happy, healthy and helpful holiday season.
【语篇解读】 本文主要讲的是如何通过自己的努力去帮助别人，给他人带来幸福。
1．If you join a blank drive, you can________．
A．keep yourself from the cold
B．bring a blanket to go on a trip
C．buy a home for homeless people
D．collect donations for the homeless people
答案 D
2．How did the author restore his faith in humanity?
A．He helps others.
B．He often blessed others.
C．He got help from others.
D．He got praised by others.
答案 C
3．The underlined phrase “to make somebody's day” is to________．
A．make someone feel grateful all day
B．do something unnoticed by people
C．make someone feel good all day
D．help someone to solve problems
答案 C
4．What is the author's talent?
A．Sewing.
B．Writing.
C．Baking.
D．Knitting.
答案 B
5．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A．Help Others in Need
B．Make the Best of Talent
C．Enjoy Your Holiday Season
D．Make a Difference in Your Holiday Season
答案 D
—主旨大意题、标题概括题。
(2015年山东潍坊一中模拟)
Many experts say that Billy Wilder changed the history of American movies. He is often called the best movie maker Hollywood has ever had.
He was known for making movies that offered sharp social comment. Wilder was one of the first directors to do this. Between the middle 1930s and the 1980s, Billy Wilder made almost fifty movies. During that time he received more than twenty nominations(提名) from the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. He won six of the Oscar awards. His movies have been seen by people around the world.
In 1944, Billy Wilder made the film Double Indemnity. Some critics said this movie established him as one of the greatest Hollywood directors. Wilder directed The Lost Weekend in 1945. Ray Milland plays the part of an alcohol rules his life, yet he does not admit it. He hides alcohol in his home and says he is not drinking.
In 1950, Wilder made Sunset Boulevard. This movie told of an aging actress in silent movies. She plans to return to movies though facing many problems. In 1954, Billy Wilder became an independent producer. The next year, Wilder's first movie as an independent filmmaker was a huge success. It was The Seven Year Inch. In this movie, a married man wants to cheat on his wife with some of his friends. In 1959, wilder made a funny movie that was very popular. It was Some Like It Hot. It tells about two jazz musicians being chased by criminals. They decide to wear women's clothes and join a band in which all the musicians were women.
Wilder died in March, 2002. He was ninety-five. A current Hollywood producer said, “Billy Wilder made movies that people will never forger.”
The text is mainly about
The background of American movies
wilder's achievements in American movies
wilder's attitude to American movies
the development of American movies
What was Wilder famous for according to Paragraph 2?
Sharp remarks on society in his movies
His unique style of making movies
More than twenty awards he received.
Almost fifty movies he produced himself.
Which of the following made Wilder among the greatest Hollywood directors?
The lost weekend
B. Sunset Boulevard
C. Double Indemnity
D. Some Like It Hot
语篇解读
本文讲述的是Billy Wilder 对于美国电影的贡献。
B 主旨大意题。根据第一段Many experts say that Billy wilder changed the history of American movies. 及于美国电影的贡献，故选B项。
A 细节理解题。根据第二段He was known for making movies that offered sharp social comment. 可知，以制作对社会尖锐评论的电影而出名，故选A项。
C 细节理解题。根据第三段In 1944, Billy Wilder made the film Double Indemnity. Some critics said this movie established him as one of the greatest Hollywood directors.可知选C项。