重庆市2017高考英语阅读理解选编（40）（附解析）
【2016模拟题】 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
Winter Vinecki began running at age five, but got serious in 2015 after her father died of cancer — that’s when she decided to honor his memory by running a marathon on every continent before her 15th birthday.
Scope: Team Winter is an organization you founded to raise money for cancer research. How did it get started?
Winter: At first, Team Winter was formed to fight childhood obesity. When I was 8, I ran a race and raised $1,100 for that cause. But less than a year later, my dad got cancer. I knew I had to do something to help. When I started, my goal was to raise $10,000. I’ve raised well past that — almost $500,000.
Scope: What goes through your mind when you run?
Winter: When I’m having a hard time during a race, I think about my dad. If he could deal with the pain of cancer, I can deal with any type of pain. He was a very friendly person. He was always smiling and very happy even when he had cancer.
Scope: Is your age ever an obstacle in your races?
Winter: I’ve been turned down by race directors who won’t let anyone younger than 16 or 18 compete. But Diana Nyad, the first person to swim from Cuba to Florida without a shark cage, told me, “Never let them tell you it can’t be done.” From then on I knew my age wasn’t the problem.
Scope: You’ve probably inspired lots of people too.
Winter: I’ve heard about kids doing projects like me. Once in a restaurant, a boy came up to my mom and me and told us his dad had cancer too. Now he’s competing in running for his dad. Hearing stories like that helps keep me going.
1. What do we know about Team Winter?
A. It always holds different races.
B. Its final goal is to raise $500,000.
C. It was named after Winter’s father.
D. It was to help obese children at first.
2. When Winter has a hard time during a race, what keeps her going?
A. Her father’s illness.
B. Her father’s success.
C. Her father’s bravery.
D. Her father’s kindness.
3. Winter’s words in the last paragraph tell us that _____.
A. she sets a good example for others
B. she hopes others will do what she does
C. the boy wants to join Team Winter
D. the boy invites her to compete with him
(个人情况)本文是应用文。文章是对15岁马拉松选手Winter Vinecki的访谈。
. D。细节理解题。根据第一部分问答的At first, Team Winter was formed to fight childhood obesity可知，Winter创建Team Winter的最初目的是为肥胖儿童筹集善款。
2. C。推理判断题。根据第二部分问答可知，如果Winter在比赛中遇到困难，她会想到父亲总是微笑地面对病痛。故正是父亲在病痛面前表现出的勇敢让Winter在困境中继续前进。
. A。推理判断题。从最后一部分问答的kids doing projects like me以及男孩为帮助父亲参加比赛的举动可知，Winter为他人树立了良好的榜样。2017·江西省九江市高三年级模拟考试Many people think of the brain as a mystery.They don’t know much about intelligence and how it works.When they do think about what intelligence is，many people believe that a person is born smart，average，or dumb—and stays that way in the whole life.But new research shows that the brain is more like a muscle—it changes and gets stronger when you use it.And scientists have been able to show just how the brain grows and gets stronger when you learn.
Everyone knows that when you lift weights，your muscles get bigger and you get stronger.A person who can’t lift 20 pounds when he/she starts exercising can get strong enough to lift 100 pounds after working out for a long time.That’s because the muscles become larger and stronger with exercise.And when you stop exercising，the muscles shrink and you get weaker.That’s why people say “Use it or lose it！”
But most people don’t know that when they practice and learn new things，parts of their brain change and get larger a lot like muscles do when they exercise.Inside the cortex (皮层)
of the brain are billions of tiny nerve cells，called neurons.The nerve cells have branches connecting them to other cells in a complicated network.Communication between these brain cells is what allows us to think and solve problems.When you learn new things，these tiny connections in the brain actually multiply and get stronger.The more you challenge your mind to learn，the more your brain cells grow.Then，things that you once found very hard or even impossible to do—like speaking a foreign language or doing algebra (代数)—seem to become easy after learning them for a period of time.The result is a stronger，smarter brain.
Scientists started thinking that the human brain could develop and change when they studied animals’ brains.They found out that animals that lived in a challenging environment were more “perspicacious”—they were better at solving problems and learning new things.
1. According to the first paragraph，________.
A．the function of our brain is like that of the muscle
B．until now it’s impossible to explain the brain’s mystery
C．many people believe one’s intelligence is naturally determined
D．one’s brain grows stronger as the age increases
2．Training muscles is compared to________.
A．using the brain
B．connecting things in your brain
C．lifting weights
D．doing research about the brain
．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?
A．The complex structure of the brain.
B．How changes in the muscles affect the brain.
C．The importance of the brain.
D．How the brain becomes stronger by learning new things.
．What does the underlined word “perspicacious” in the last paragraph probably mean?
A．Strong.B．Smart.
C．Popular.D．Active.
．The following paragraph will most probably talk about________.
A．the differences between animals’ brains and humans’ brains
B．the relation between human brains and muscles
C．scientists’ findings about animals’ brains
D．how to make your brain smarter through selfdevelopment
语篇解读 科学研究发现，经常学习能促进大脑的发育，正如经常锻炼能使肌肉更强健一样。
．解析： 考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“many people believe that a person is born smart，average，or dumb—and stays that way in the whole life.”可知C项正确。
答案： C
．解析： 考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“But new research shows that the brain is more like a muscle—it changes and gets stronger when you use it.”可知答案。
答案： A
．解析： 考查段落大意。本段详细描述了大脑如何通过练习和学习新事物而发生变化，从而变得更敏捷。
答案： D
．解析： 考查词义猜测。根据破折号后面的“they were better at sloving problems and learning new things”可知，该词应为“敏锐的”之意。
答案： B
．解析： 考查推理判断。最后一段提出科学家是从研究动物的大脑得出的结论，因此下一段最可能进一步描述这些研究成果。
答案：C阅读下列材料，从每题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。Countless people long to make a difference this holiday season, yet they don't realize that opportunities to make a difference are everywhere.Here are some ideas to get you started.
Organize a blank drive
It is cold outside, but imagine how thousands of homeless people may feel without a home of their own, or even a blanket to keep them from the cold. Organize a blank drive for your local homeless, and ask around for donations!
Practice random acts of kindness
I'll never forget the time when I went to pay for my Dr. Pepper, but the server resisted, saying my bill was paid by an anonymous(匿名的) guest. It's this random act of kindness that restores my faith in humanity. Bless someone by paying for their drink at Starbucks, or praising them! If you live somewhere where it snows, shovel your neighbour's snow out of their driveway for them! Whether it is as simple as praise or as complex as paying the bill, you'll never know how far your impact will reach.
Say thank-you
Just a simple thank-you can make__somebody's__day,__especially if they feel like their work is never noticed. Cultivate(培养) a smile on their face by being sincere and grateful for all that they do.
Use your talents to help the community
The best way to show your appreciation for people is by using the talents and skills you have to bless others. For me, I love to coordinate(协调) events and write, and so my way of reaching out to the community is through writing articles and creating awareness about problems we face today. If you can bake, make some delicious cookies for people to enjoy! If you can knit, put your talents to use by making clothes for children in foster care. Any talent can be used to help the community in meaningful ways.
Wish you a happy, healthy and helpful holiday season.
【语篇解读】 本文主要讲的是如何通过自己的努力去帮助别人，给他人带来幸福。
1．If you join a blank drive, you can________．
A．keep yourself from the cold
B．bring a blanket to go on a trip
C．buy a home for homeless people
D．collect donations for the homeless people
答案 D
2．How did the author restore his faith in humanity?
A．He helps others.
B．He often blessed others.
C．He got help from others.
D．He got praised by others.
答案 C
3．The underlined phrase “to make somebody's day” is to________．
A．make someone feel grateful all day
B．do something unnoticed by people
C．make someone feel good all day
D．help someone to solve problems
答案 C
4．What is the author's talent?
A．Sewing.
B．Writing.
C．Baking.
D．Knitting.
答案 B
5．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A．Help Others in Need
B．Make the Best of Talent
C．Enjoy Your Holiday Season
D．Make a Difference in Your Holiday Season
答案 D
, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
(2017·郑州市二模，A)
“Croeso I Gymru！” If you don't know what this means, read on to find out more.
When you cross over the border from England into Wales, you don't have to show your passport but you do notice a difference immediately. All the road markings and signs are shown in two languages—English and Welsh (威尔士语). Not all visitors to Britain know that other languages are spoken here. There's the Gaelic (盖尔语) language in Scotland and a few people speak Cornish (康沃尔语) in the southwest of England, but the most widely spoken language in the UK besides English is Welsh.
Perhaps the first Welsh word you'll see on the road into Wales is ARAF. There's a helpful English translation next to it—SLOW. As you can see, Welsh looks quite different from English. It sounds very different, too. Welsh looks and sounds so different from English because it's a Celtic language. Celtic cultures still exist around the edges of the UK—in Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland and also in parts of France. For hundreds of years, almost everyone in Wales spoke Welsh, but nowadays there are about 600 thousand Welsh speakers—around 20% of the population.
So is Welsh dying out? Not at all! Nowadays, all school children in Wales study Welsh and many choose to go to an all Welshspeaking school. You can get public information in Welsh, speak Welsh in court or take a course at university in Welsh. People surf the Internet in Welsh, keep up with friends on Facebook and write blogs in Welsh.
By the way，“Croeso I Gymru！” means “Welcome to Wales！” —I hope you'll be able to visit it
one day.
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了威尔士语，包括威尔士语的特点、使用的人群、发展前景以及与英语的不同。
1．According to the passage, Welsh ________.
A．has developed from Cornish
B．is still widely used in the UK
C．sounds a little similar to English
D．is more widely spoken than before
答案：B 细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句中的“but the most widely spoken language in the UK besides English is Welsh”可知，威尔士语在英国应用比较广泛。故答案选B。
2．How does the author feel about the future of Welsh?
A．Optimistic.
B．Curious.
C．Worried.
D．Confused.
答案：A 观点态度题。根据文章倒数第二段第一句“So is Welsh dying out? Not at all！”可知，作者相信威尔士语不会消失。故答案选A。
3．What is the author's purpose of writing the passage?
A．To explain a typical Welsh term.
B．To compare English with Welsh.
C．To give an introduction to Welsh.
D．To encourage people to visit Wales.
答案：C 写作意图题。文章主要介绍了威尔士语的特点、使用的人群、发展前景以及与英语的不同。故答案选C。