重庆市2017高考英语阅读理解选编（44）（附解析）
【2016高考模拟题】（由2017·大纲卷D改编）
Metro Pocket Guide
Metrorail(地铁)
Each passenger needs a farecard to enter and go out. Up to two children under ago five may travel free with a paying customer.
Farecard machine are in every station, Bring small bills because there are no change machines in the station and farecard machine only provide up to $ 5 in change.
Get one of unlimited Metrorail rides with a One Day Pass. Buy it from a farecard machine in Metro stations. Use it after 9:30 a.m. until closing on weekdays, and all day on weekends and holidays.
Hours of Service
Open: 5 a.m Mon—Fri
7a.m. Sat—Sun.
Close: midnight Sun—Thur.
3a.m. Fri—Sat. nights
Last train time vary. To avoid (避免) missing the last train, please check the last train time posted in the station.
Metrobus
When paying with exact change, the fare is $ 1.35 . when paying with a smatTrip CARD the fare is $1.25
Fares for the Senior /disabled customers
Senior citizens 65 and older and disabled customers may ride for half the regular fare. On Metrorail and Metrobus, use a senior/disabled farecard or SmarTrip card. For more information about buying senior/disabled farecards, or SmarTrip cards and passes, please visit MetroOpenDoors.com or call 202-637-7000 and 202-637-8000.
Senior citizens and disabled customers can get free guide on how to use proper Metrobus and Metrorail services by calling 202-962-1100
Travel tips
·Avoid riding during weekday rush periods –before 9:30 a.m. and between 4 and 6 p.m.
·If you lose something on a bus or train or in a station, please call Lost & Found at 202-962-1195.
1. What should you know about farecard machines?
A. They start selling tickets at 9:30 a.m.
B. They are connected to change machines.
C. They offer special service to the elderly.
D. They make change for no more than $5.
2. At what time does Metrorail stop service on Saturday?
A. At midnight
B. at 3 a.m.
C. at 5 a.m.
D. at 7 p.m.
3. What is good about a SmarTrip card?
A. It is convenient for old people
B. It saves money for its users
C. it can be bought at any time
D. it is sold on the Internet.
4. Which number should you call if you lose something on the Metro?
A. 202-962-1195
B.202-962-1100
C.202-673-7000
D.202-673-8000
文章大意：本文是一则地铁使用指南，介绍了乘坐地铁以及Metrobus各方面要注意的信息，包括零钱，时间以及注意事项等等。
1.D。 细节题。根据Metrorail(地铁)部分第4行farecard machine only provide up to $ 5 in change.可知换的零钱只有5美元。故D正确。
2. B。本题原文里没有提供信息（可能是扫描版遗漏）
3.B 。推理题。根据Metrobus部分When paying with exact change, the fare is $ 1.35 . when paying with a smatTrip CARD the fare is $1.25，可知使用smatTrip CARD支付，会比直接付钱省了$0.1，所以它对于用户来说是可以省钱的。故B正确。
4.A。细节题。根据文章最后一行if you lose something on a bus or train or in a station, please call Lost & Found at 202-962-1195.可知如果丢了东西，可以拨打电话202-962-1195。故A正确。
阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
【2017·山东省潍坊市高三联合考试Apart from psychological illness，we are all largely responsible for our own emotional health.What we say to ourselves over and
over for
days，weeks，months，and sometimes years，has a great effect on how we see ourselves.This also contributes to many mental health disorders.
Many of us have problems with negative thoughts playing on the channel of our minds，but if you’re buried in them and believe them，they could be wearing your sense of selfesteem (自尊)．Here are a few beliefs that indicate you may need to switch the channel：I’m not good enough？/I don’t deserve...？/No one likes me？/I’m a failure?
Negative thoughts remind you of your bad feelings and they bring your focus on your failures，and they get you nowhere.
What can you do？Here are some suggestions：
Switch the channel when negative thoughts appear.Selftalk is not so obvious that we often don’t notice its effect on our mood and belief systems.Key things to notice are “if only” or “what if” statements：the former keeps you stuck in the past with regret，while the latter keeps you fearful of the future.There is nothing you can do about the past，and the future isn’t here yet，so stay in the present moment.
Recognize that actions always follow beliefs.You’ll find yourself behaving in ways that are consistent to your beliefs.So，start believing the best about yourself：act as if you believe that you’re a valuable and worthy person.
Develop positive selftalk rather than negative selftalk.Instead of always looking down upon yourself in your head，think of some things you actually like about yourself.What are your strengths？What are you good at？Instead of saying “I’m a
loser”，try saying，“I am capable./I’m good at.../I accept myself the way I am.”
Thinking poorly about ourselves gets us nowhere and is
extremely selflimiting.Decide today to turn off the negative
selftalk channel in your mind and develop your true potential.
1．From the first two paragraphs we can learn that________.
A．lots of people have no sense of selfesteem
B．focusing on negative thoughts may have bad effect on people
C．negative thoughts will strengthen our sense of selfesteem
D．few people have negative thoughts and mental problems
2．The underlined word “wearing” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to________.
A．strengthening B．protecting
C．weakening D．replacing
．What do the suggestions in the text tell us?
A．Our beliefs always come after actions.
B．Positive selftalk does good to our mental health.
C．Looking down upon ourselves is a sign of modesty.
D．“What if” keeps you stuck in the past with regret.
．The text encourages us to________.
A．get rid of negative thoughts
B．get anywhere we like
C．think highly of others
D．turn off the selftalk channel
．This text is most likely to appear in________.
A．a recreation guide B．a medical journal
C．a science textbook
D．a travel brochure
语篇解读 文章主要告诉大家抛弃消极的思想，培养积极的思想。
．解析： 推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“What we say to ourselves over and
over for
days，weeks，months，and sometimes years，has a great effect on how we see ourselves.This also contributes to many mental health disorders.”以及第二段中的“Many of us have problems with negative thoughts playing on the channel of our minds”可以判断出，消极的思想会对人产生不利的影响，故答案为B。
答案： B
．解析： 词义猜测题。根据画线词前后的内容可知，这里指的是消极的思想可能会减弱人们的自尊感。故wearing在此与weakening的意思最接近，表示“减弱”。
答案： C
．解析： 推理判断题。根据文章最后四段的内容可推知，积极的自我暗示对我们的心理有益，故B项正确。
答案： B
．解析： 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章鼓励我们抛弃消极的思想。
答案： A
．解析： 推理判断题。由于本文主要说明的是消极思想和积极思想对人们所产生的影响，故本文最有可能出现在医学杂志上，选B。
答案：BClose your eyes for a minute and imagine what life would be like if you had a hundred dollars less.Also imagine what it would be like spending the rest of your life with your eyes closed.Imagine having to read this page，not with your eyes but with your fingertips.
With existing medical knowledge and skills，twothirds of the world's 42 million blind should not have to suffer.Unfortunately，rich countries possess most of this knowledge，while developing countries do not.
ORBIS is an international nonprofit organization which operates the world's only flying teaching eye hospital.ORBIS intends to help fight blindness worldwide.Inside a DC8 aircraft，there is a fullyequipped teaching hospital with television studio and classroom.Doctors are taught the latest techniques of bringing sight back to people here.Project ORBIS also aims at promoting peaceful cooperation(合作) among countries.
ORBIS tries to help developing countries by providing training during threeweek medical programs.ORBIS has taught sightsaving techniques to over 35,000 doctors and nurses，who continue to cure tens of thousands of blind people every year.ORBIS has conducted 17 plane programs in China so far.For the seven to ten million blind in China，ORBIS is planning to do more for them.At the moment an ORBIS team is working on a longterm plan to develop a training center and to provide eye care services to Shanxi Province.ORBIS needs your help to continue their work and free people from blindness.
For just US $38，you can help one person see；for $380 you can bring sight to 10 people；$1,300 helps teach a doctor new skills；and for $13,000 you can provide a training program for a group of doctors who can make thousands of blind people see again.Your money can open their eyes to the world.Please help ORBIS improve the quality of life for so many people less fortunate than ourselves.
1．The first paragraph is intended to ________.
A．introduce a new way of reading
B．advise the public to lead a simple life
C．direct the public's attention to the blind
D．encourage the public to use imagination
2．What do we learn about existing medical knowledge and skills in the world?
A．They are adequate.
B．They have not been updated.
C．They are not equally distributed.
D．They have benefited most of the blind.
．ORBIS aims to help the blind by ________.
A．teaching medical students
B．training doctors and nurses
C．running flying hospitals globally
D．setting up nonprofit organizations
．What does the author try to do in the last paragraph?
A．Appeal for donations.
B．Make an advertisement.
C．Promote training programs.
D．Show sympathy for the blind.
．What can be the best title for the passage?
A．ORBIS in China
B．Fighting Blindness
C．ORBIS Flying Hospital
D．Sightsaving Techniques
答案：
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍一个旨在帮助失明人士的组织——ORBIS。大家行动起来和ORBIS一起，来帮助那些失明的朋友们。小小的捐助，就可以使他们和我们一样去感受这个世界的美好。
1．C 解析：考查写作意图。综观全文，作者希望大众通过想象失明人士的生活，以此引起人们对失明人士的关注，故选C。
．C 解析：考查细节理解。根据第二段最后一句话可知目前的医疗知识和技术分配不均衡。
．B 解析：考查细节理解。根据文章第三段和第四段首句可知ORBIS通过培训医务人员来帮助失明人士。
．A 解析：考查段落大意。由文章最后一段中不同金额的捐款所能产生的积极效果可知，最后作者是号召大众捐款帮助提高失明人士的生活质量。
．C 解析：考查标题判断。本文关键词为ORBIS，文章通篇都在介绍ORBIS通过他们的flying hospital帮助失明人士。
, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
(2017·长沙市二模，B)
These days, there are very few wild animals left
in the UK. The wolves have gone. The bears have been hunted to extinction.
Fortunately, there are a few badgers (獾)—Oh, well, actually, not for long as the British government has just decided to kill them too! But why?
Badgers are fascinating creatures.
The black and white mammals live underground in “setts”， which they dig out of the earth. They are extremely brave, fighting off larger animals such as bears and wolves.
The problem is that some badgers carry “Bovine Tuberculosis”(BTB), an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium Bovis (M. Bovis) which can cause TB in some other animals, including cattle.
For farmers, this is a serious issue. In 1998 in the UK, almost 6 000 cows were killed to control the disease. And in 2010, more than 30 000 animals were destroyed. It's expensive too. Bovine TB costs the UK about ￡100 million per year. And some believe that the disease could end up costing the economy ￡9 billion over the next 40 years if nothing is done about it.
Experts say that badgers are responsible for about 50% of the infected cattle.
So, after much debate, the government has agreed to a badger cull (杀戮). This will mean about 30 000 of the innocent creatures will be wiped out to fight the disease.
Environment Secretary Caroline Spelman admitted that there was
“great strength of feeling”
about it, but said, “I believe this is the right way forward.”
Of course, many are against the measure, including conservationists and animal rights activists. They claim that killing the badgers in controlled zones wouldn't work because badgers from neighboring areas would simply move into the empty setts and become infected too. Furthermore, they believe that the way cattle are raised intensively, and transported around to lots of different farms during their lives is probably the biggest cause of the spread of the disease.
Most ordinary people are against the measure too. A survey suggests about twothirds are against killing the badgers, with majorities against killing them regardless of age, region and gender. One of the alternatives to the cull involves using vaccine (疫苗) on badgers. However, this costs an average of ￡2 250 per year per square kilometer. Trapping and shooting badgers costs ￡2 500 per year, but shooting freerunning badgers only costs about ￡200 per year (per square kilometer)．
So, with that in mind, it's easy to see how the government arrived at their decision. Money talks!
文章大意：本文是一篇资讯报道。在英国，一些獾身上携带TB病菌，这种病菌会传播给牲畜，从而给农民带来巨大的损失。政府不顾多数人的反对，决定采取行动来杀掉獾，因为对他们来说，这样做的代价相对来说较低。
1．Why does the government want to kill the badgers?
A．Because there is no other choice to cut the spread of the disease.
B．Because badgers carry TB, a disease which can infect other animals.
C．Because they almost wiped out an entire population of cattle.
D．Because it might be an effective way to fight TB at the least expense.
答案：D 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中第四句“The problem is that some badgers carry ‘Bovine Tuberculosis’ (BTB)．..”及倒数第二段最后一句“... shooting freerunning badgers only costs about ￡200 per year (per square kilometer)．”可知，杀死獾可能是以最低价来对抗TB传播的有效办法。故答案选D。
2．Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A．Some people object to culling because it costs much more to trap and shoot badgers.
B．In the following four decades, ￡9 billion will be spent on TB.
C．Based on the survey, people of different age groups, regions and both genders are against
killing the badgers.
D．Caroline Spelman thought badgers should be culled despite people's strong reaction.
答案：C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第二句“A survey suggests about twothirds are against killing the badgers, with majorities against killing them regardless of age, region and gender.”可知，一项调查表明来自不同年龄、地区和性别的人，大多数都反对屠杀獾。故答案选C。
3．Who is strongly for killing the badgers according the passage?
A．The government.
B．Most ordinary people.
C．Conservationists.
D．Animal rights activists.
答案：A 细节理解题。根据文章第四、五、六段及文章最后一段中“it's easy to see how the government arrived at their decision. Money talks！”可知，政府对屠杀獾是非常支持的，因为这样做的代价最低。故答案选A。
4．What is the author's attitude toward government's decision?
A．Supportive.
B．Critical.
C．Objective.
D．Unconcerned.
答案：B 推理判断题。根据文章第一段最后一句中“actually, not for long as the British government has just decided to kill them too！”及最后一段“So, with that in mind, it's easy to see how the government arrived at their decision. Money talks！”可知，政府不顾多数人的反对，只考虑钱的问题。从中可以看出，作者对政府的决定是持批评态度。故答案选B。
5．Which is the best title for the passage?
A．The Control of TB
B．The Voice of the Badgers
C．Badger Danger
D．The Threat of the Badgers
答案：C 标题概括题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲了英国政府不顾人们的反对，已经决定杀死獾，从而使獾处于危险之中。因此，短文的最佳标题应是Badger Danger。故答案选C。