重庆市2017高考英语阅读理解选编（49）（附解析）
阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
“Luck is a matter of preparation meeting opportunity，” said the American talk show host Oprah Winfrey. I’ve never watched her show, but when a self－made billionaire gives life advice, it’s probably worth listening to.
Her point is that blind luck is very rare. You may have to be lucky to find a good job these days but that does not mean you should sit at home waiting for the opportunity to come to you. If you’re a Chinese，you may already be familiar with the tale of a farmer waiting by a tree stump (树桩) for a rabbit to run out and break its neck.
A book written by the UK psychologist Richard Wiseman, called The Luck Factor, argues we can all make ourselves luckier. It’s not about going to a temple to burn some incense (香) in hopes that the gods will give you good fortune；it’s practical advice you can follow each day.
Wiseman conducted an experiment as part of his studies. First he separated volunteers into two groups：those who said they were lucky in life and those who said they were not. He gave everyone a newspaper and asked them to look through it to count how many photographs it had inside. On average, the unlucky people took about two minutes to count the photographs while the lucky people took just seconds. Why? On the second page of the newspaper, a command, “Stop counting. There are 43 photographs in this newspaper，” was written in big letters. The unlucky people mostly did not spot the message.
It’s easy to compare this situation to a young person looking for jobs in a local paper. They might search so hard for one type of position that they miss an even better opportunity. People who are “lucky”， in fact, keep an open mind and don’t go through the same routine every day.
I first came to China in 2002 when it was considered a rather strange thing to do. Like many foreigners，my plan was to teach English for one year. Seven years later, and still here, I’ve had many great opportunities such as writing for newspapers and magazines. I did not dream these would have been possible. I’ve also never been sick, had an accident, got into a fight or had problems with the police. Coincidence? After reading about Professor Wiseman’s studies I think not.
As Wiseman advises, I usually trust my own judgment. Your friends and parents may give you advice based on rational thinking, but it’s important to consider how you feel about each choice you make. Your feeling acts as a warning for a potential problem.
Finally, try to turn bad luck into good.Even if you do fall down and break a leg, the time spent at home can be used wisely to study English.
1. Which of the following proverbs most agrees with the writer’s point?
A．Make the best of a bad job.
B．Rome was not built in a day.
C．All that glitters is not gold.
D．A good heart conquers ill fortune.
. What do you know about Oprah Winfrey?
A．She became famous through her family background.B．She was very lucky and seldom suffered setbacks in her life.
C．She is a British talk show host.
D．She became successful by her own effort.
. The writer quoted the Chinese tale of a farmer in order to show________.
A. luck is in your own hand
B．bad luck can turn into good
C．you should not sit at home waiting for the opportunity to come to you
D．man can conquer nature
. The underlined word “spot” is the closest in meaning to“________”.
A．recognize
B．mark
C．locate
D．receive
本文为议论文。作者认为命运只垂青那些有所准备的人。身处逆境，不要怨天尤人，要想方设法化厄运为好运。每个人都可以做自己命运的主人。
. 解析：选A。 推理判断题。Make the best of a bad job意为“身处山穷水尽，力争柳暗花明”，与最后一段作者的观点“try to turn bad luck into good(把厄运变好运)”最为接近。故答案为A。Rome was not built in a day意为“伟业非一日可成”；All that glitters is not gold意为“闪光的东西并不都是金子”；A good heart conquers ill fortune意为“善心克厄运”。
. 解析：选D。 细节理解题。根据第一段中的a selfmade billionaire可知美国talk show主持人Oprah Winfrey是从白手起家，通过自我奋斗而成功的。
．解析：选C。 推理判断题。根据第二段的内容可以判断，作者引用中国“守株待兔”的故事是为了说明“人们不应该待在家里等待机会的降临”的观点。
．解析：选A。 词义猜测题。根据上文语境及The unlucky people mostly did not spot the message. 可知spot在句中用作及物动词，是“发现，识别”之意。
阅读理解2017·日照模拟Worldfamous violinist Itzhak Perlman was stricken with polio as a child.As a result，he wears braces on both legs and walks with the aid of crutches.At_concerts，getting on stage is no small achievement_for_him. He slowly crosses the stage until he reaches his chair. He lays his crutches on the floor，slowly undoes the clasps (扣环) on his legs，puts one foot backward and extends the other one forward.Then he bends down and picks up the violin，puts it under his chin (下巴)，nods to the conductor，and starts to play.
One fall evening in 1995，while performing at Avery Fisher Hall at Lincoln Center in New York City，Perlman had to deal with one additional trouble.Jack Reimer，a famous reporter with the Houston Chronicle，described the scene.“Just as he finished the first few bars，one of the strings on his violin broke.You could hear
the sound go off like gunfire across the room.There was no mistaking what that
sound meant.”
There was no mistaking what he had to do.People who were there said，“We
figured he would have to get up...to either find another violin or find another string
for this one.”
But he didn’t.Instead he waited a moment，closed his eyes，and then signaled
the conductor to begin again.The band and he played from where he had left off.He
played with enthusiasm and power.
Of course，it is impossible to play a symphonic work with just three strings.But
that night Itzhak Perlman refused to know that.You could see him modulate (调音)，change，recompose the piece in his head.At one point，it sounded like he was tuning
the strings to get new sounds they had never made before.
1．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 mean?
A．It’s a piece of cake for Perlman to perform on the stage.
B．It’s not easy for Perlman to get on the stage.
C．Perlman has achieved great success on the stage.
D．Perlman has small achievements on the stage.
2.How did the string break?
A．It only broke by accident.
B．Perlman broke the string because he was too excited.
C．A gunfire from somewhere in the room broke it.
D．It was broken by the few bars.
3.After the string broke the audience thought that Perlman would________.
A．get angry at his performance
B．give up the performance
C．do something about the violin
D．continue performing with the threestring violin
4.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that Perlman________.
A．pretended not to know that the string was broken
B．thought nothing was impossible
C．was a very proud man
D．showed his selfconfidence in time of trouble
5.What is the best title for the passage?
A．A Worldfamous Disabled Artist
B．An Unexpected Accident
C．The Performance Went on
D．A Threestring Violin and Its Owner
语篇解读 本文是一篇人物故事，讲述了著名残疾人演奏家Perlman演出过程中发生的意外和他的应对措施。
1．解析： 句意理解题。画线句中的achievement指的是Perlman能够做到的事情。下文中描述他上台的细节，说明对于一个行动不便的残疾人来说，能够自己走上舞台，已经是很了不起的事情了，对他自己已经是一个不小的成就了。
答案： B
2.解析： 推理判断题。根据文章第二段倒数第一、二句“You could hear
the sound go off like gunfire across the room.There was no mistaking what that
sound meant.”可知，琴弦是弹奏过程中意外断掉的。
答案： A
3.解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“We figured he would have to get up...to either find another violin or find another string for this one.”可知，观众们揣测他会换另一把琴或者换根弦。
答案： C
4.解析： 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知，他仅仅用三根弦继续完成了他的演奏，可推断他对于自己拉琴的能力很有信心。
答案： D
5.解析： 标题概括题。通读全文可知，文章的核心不是断弦事件本身，而是断弦后Perlman镇定自信的表现，让人佩服和感动。故选项C最适合做标题。
答案： C阅读下列材料，从每题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。体裁：记叙文 话题：最小瑜伽教师 词数：295 时间：5′
Jaysea Devoe is a yoga instructor who has the challenging job of teaching restless preschoolers the ancient practice.Devoe knows a thing or two about childhood and focus，for she is only 12 years old and just recently became a certified yoga instructor after completing 200 hours of teacher training.She is believed to be the youngest certified female yoga instructor in the United States.
In addition to her students aged 4 to 6，Devoe teaches teens and adults in her California beach town of Encinitas and is about to start a family yoga class.“I have the dream of being a yoga teacher for a long time because I love teaching so much，” says Devoe.
“She only goes to school three days a week and we told her
‘You have to figure out what you want to do and you've got four days to do it，’” says Rick，Devoe's father.“‘And hopefully by the time you graduate from high school，you have a career path chosen.’”
When Devoe told her father she wanted to teach yoga，Rick let her enter for a yoga training class.“Devoe was so interested in the training and she never missed a class.She works hard for her dream，”Rick says.“We were really thrilled that she became a certified yoga instructor after her teacher training came__to__fruition．”
Devoe now works at a yoga studio.She was trained to teach adults yoga and is ready for moms and dads in her new family class.And she feels completely prepared to deal with the injuries that are often caused in the practice of yoga.
As if teaching yoga to preschoolers，teens and adults isn't enough for a 12－year－old girl，Devoe also volunteers every week on a local farm.
【语篇解读】 文章介绍了美国年龄最小的持Jaysea Devoe。
1．What does Jaysea Devoe plan to do in the near future?
A．To start a family yoga class.
B．To volunteer on a local farm.
C．To attend a yoga training class.
D．To work at a yoga studio.
答案 A
2．It can be known from the passage that ________．
A．Rick thought highly of yoga
B．Devoe has great passion for yoga
C．Devoe is not interested in her study
D．Rick is not a responsible father
答案 B
3．What does the underlined phrase
“came to fruition” mean?
A．Started.
B．Paused.
C．Finished.
D．Continued.
答案 C
4．Which of the following is NOT true?
A．Devoe is a kind－hearted girl.
B．The story of Devoe inspires people to help those in trouble.
C．Rick supported his daughter's decision to be a yoga teacher.
D．Devoe has confidence in handling injuries caused by practicing yoga.
答案 B
A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。
(2016·成都诊断)Many years ago, an experiment in education was carried out in secret at a school in England.The school had two classes for children of the same age.At the end of the school year an examination was held, in order to select the children for the classes of next year.However, the results of the exam were never made known.In secret, based on their performance in the exam, the higher performing and lower performing children were divided equally between the two classes.Only the headmaster and the psychologists knew the truth.Teachers for the next year were carefully selected for equal ability and experience.Even the classrooms were chosen with similar facilities (设备).Everything was made as equal as possible, except for one thing: one was called “Class A”， the other, “Class B”.
In everyone's minds the children in Class A were the clever ones, and the kids in Class B were not so clever.Some of the parents of the Class A children were pleasantly surprised that their children had done so well and rewarded them with presents and praise, while the parents of some of the Class B kids complained that their children did not work hard enough and took away some of their rewards.Even the teachers taught the Class B kids in a different manner, not expecting so much from them.For a whole year the illusion existed.Then there was another end of year exam.
The results were not surprising.The children of Class A performed so much better than those of Class B.In fact, the results were just as if they had been the top half chosen from last year's exam.They had become “Class A” children.And those in the other group, though equal the year before, had now become “Class B” kids.That was what they were told for a whole year, that was how they were treated, and that was what they believed — so that was what they became.
1.According to the text, it is a fact that ________.
A.the Class A kids worked harder
B.the Class A kids had better facilities
C.kids in the two classes had equal ability
D.teachers of Class A were more experienced
2.The underlined word “illusion” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to “________”.
A.reward systemB.false impression
C.teaching plan
D.old tradition
3.Why didn't the Class B kids perform well in the second exam?
A.Because they didn't work hard.
B.Because they had lost selfconfidence.
C.Because their teachers were irresponsible.
D.Because what they learned was too difficult.
4.The experiment proved the importance of ________.
A.great ambitions
B.natural talents
C.strong determination
D.outside influence
1．解析：选C 细节理解题由第一段的“Everything was made as equal as possible, except ...”及第三段的“And those in the other group, though equal the year before”可知两个班的学生资质相当而且学习条件相同解析：选B 词义猜测题由该词所在段落的内容——尽管两个班的孩子无区别但由于班级冠名不同而导致了家长老师的错误印象和分别对待可知illusion指“错觉”解析：选B 推理判断题根据文章末句“that was what they ...what they became”可知B班的学生被认为比较差最后他们失去了自信也就真的差了解析：选D 推理判断题本文介绍了一个教学实验：学生资质相当并且学习条件相同的两个班由于分别接受积极的和消极的外部影响一年以后两个班的成绩出现明显差距因此这项实验证明了外部影响的重要性