课时作业(一) Lifestyles
A卷
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．He thinks it is never too late ________ (challenge) oneself to achieve something worthwhile.
2．This building is designed ________ weddings and other celebrations.
3．It is urgent that doctors and nurses ________ (send) to the earthquakestricken area.
4．This is the same skirt ________ she was wearing a year ago.
5．Qu Wanting's talent stood ________ in comparison with the others.
6．Doing science exercises often ________(take) up most of the students' spare time.
7．The sunshine is ________ beautiful that I'd like to go swimming in the sea.
8．Your attitude towards life ________ (matter) a great deal in your success of life.
9. Li Jian has the same hairstyle ________ Meng Fan.
10．Where can you hide, ________ (suppose) you are able to escape from the police?
11．You drive first and then we can switch ________.
答案：
1．to challenge 2.for 3.(should) be sent 4.that
5．out 6.takes 7.so 8.matters 9.as
10．supposing/suppose 11.over
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．I put the telephone down and ________________ my work again.
我放下电话，又继续工作起来。
2．A few minutes later ________________destroying the building.
几分钟后炸弹爆炸了，摧毁了大楼。
3．He ________________ from college two years ago.
他本该两年前大学毕业。
4．________________ you lost — at least you put up a good show.
你输了无关紧要，至少你表现得很勇敢。
5．________________ he continues to carry out his duties.
尽管他身体不好，他仍继续履行职责。
答案：
1．took up 2.the bomb went off 3.is supposed to have graduated 4.It doesn't matter that 5.While he is poor in health
Ⅲ.阅读理解
(2016·四川德阳高三二诊)Ulrich's friend Anne was missing at school. His mother said that perhaps she had gone into hiding. That was the hope anyway － that the family had left on their own and had not been sent on one of the prison trains to Germany or Poland.So many people in his city had disappeared since the Nazis came to Amsterdam in 1940.“It's not our home anymore，”Ulrich thought. The streets, once full of busy shoppers, were now filled with tanks and soldiers. No_one_felt_safe,_except_maybe_the_ collaborators(叛徒，通敌者)．
Who were they? Who would betray their friends and let their neighbors be captured? Ulrich remembered his friend Anne; her father had a small business right down the road from his house. Her sister, Margot, was in the upper school, where Ulrich's sister was in her class.
When he walked to or from school, Ulrich studied the faces of the people on the street.Some looked concerned and cast their eyes downward as they walked, trying not to be noticed.His own parents had that look, like ghosts walking and wondering what had happened to them.The ones that bothered him were those who smiled, who acted like nothing was wrong. “Were they blind？” he wondered. Worse were those － who moved into the houses and took the businesses of their missing neighbors. They seemed too assured, too content. They may be Dutch, Ulrich thought, but they are the enemy, too. They were the ones who made the occupation easy. He hoped that when the war was over, the rightful owners would come back and throw them out on their ears.
School was not the same either. It was more than the missing students, though that was the biggest part of it. The teachers, who once seemed to know everything, were different, too.They seemed afraid to teach history, afraid that the authorities would not like what they said. They jumped when a student dropped a book.It was as if they all had to hold their breath.It was nearly spring. Already tulips(郁金香) were fighting their way out of the cold ground. How many more winters, springs, summers and falls would go by until they were free? Ulrich waited, and hoped that his friend Anne would soon come home.
1．When Ulrich says，“It's not our home anymore，”he means__________.
A．they've moved to a new city
B．the buildings don't look the same
C．the city feels strange and unfamiliar
D．spring flowers make the neighborhood unrecognizable
2．What has changed in Amsterdam?
A．There is a new family next door.
B．The people's attitudes and security.
C．There is more freedom among the citizens.
D．The subjects Ulrich was studying in school.
3．What does the underlined sentence “No one felt safe, except maybe the collaborators(叛徒，通敌者)．”mean?
A．People were afraid of an invasion.
B．There might be a natural disaster anytime.
C．People who work together are more secure than others.
D．Only the people who were helping the Nazis felt comfortable.
4.The part of the setting related to people instead of place has changed in all of the following EXCEPT that________.
A．shopkeepers and neighbors have been replaced by other people
B．the Nazis have arrived and are threatening people
C．some former friends have become untrustworthy
D．the teacher seems to like teaching history
答案：
解题导语：文章通过乌尔里希的所见所闻，讲述了1940年纳粹入侵阿姆斯特丹后，这座城市的变化。满大街的纳粹的坦克和士兵，朋友、邻居间的背叛、大量失踪的学生、学校的变化等等。
1．C 解析：推理判断题。 根据第一段中的“‘It's not our home anymore，’Ulrich thought. The streets, once full of busy shoppers, were now filled with tanks and soldiers.”可知，以前大街上是买东西的顾客，而现在是坦克和士兵。由此可推断出，现在的街道是陌生的、不熟悉的。
2．B 解析：细节理解题。 由第三、四段描述可知选B项。
3．D 解析：句意猜测题。 关键抓住except “除……外(不包括在内)”除了叛徒觉得安全外，大家都觉得不安全。
4．D 解析：细节理解题。 根据最后一段第四句They seemed afraid to teach history, afraid that the authorities would not like what they said.”可知D项不符合。
Ⅳ.完形填空
(2016·山西四校高三联考)She was only about five feet tall and probably never weighed more than 110 pounds.However, Miss Bessie was a(n)__1__ presence in the classroom.From 1938 to 1942, when I attended Saint Bernard's High School, she taught me a lot __2__ I realized.
There was never a(n)__3__problem in Miss Bessie's classes.We didn't dare to trouble a woman who knew about the Battle of Hastings and could also play the piano and __4__ Shakespeare and Milton.
Miss Bessie knew that my family couldn't afford to buy a newspaper.She knew we didn't__5__ own a radio.Still, she __6__ me to look out for my __7__ and find some ways to __8__ what's going on in the world.__9__ I became a delivery boy who delivered newspapers.I __10__ made a dollar a week, but I got to read a newspaper every day.
Miss Bessie noticed things that had nothing to do with schoolwork but were vital to a youngster's__11__.Once a few classmates made fun of my__12__ overcoat.As I was leaving school, Miss Bessie__13__ me on the back of that old overcoat and said，“ Carl, never worry about what you don't have.Just make the most of what you do have—a(n)__14__.”
Among the things that I didn't have was __15__ in the little wooden house.But because of her __16__， I spent many hours beside a kerosene lamp(煤油灯) reading Shakespeare's works.Miss Bessie introduced me __17__ a wonderful world of poems and stories.She led me to__18__ that I could write poems as well as Shakespeare.So I read __19__ Miss Bessie told me to, and tried to remember the things she insisted that I store.Years later, her encouragement finally led to that lovely day when Miss Bessie dropped me a note __20__“I'm so proud to read your article in The Times.”
1．A.amusingB．towering
C．interesting
D．exciting
2．A.more than
B．less than
C．better than
D．worse than
3．A.academy
B．homework
C．race
D．discipline
4．A.make use of
B．make fun of
C．make sense of
D．make light of
5．A.even
B．still
C．ever
D．yet
6. A．allowed
B．forced
C．turned
D．encouraged
7．A.happiness
B．future
C．family
D．mistake
8．A.catch up with
B．come up with
C．keep up with
D．put up with
9. A．So
B．And
C．Because
D．As
10．A.always
B．merely
C．sometimes
D．almost
11．A.appearance
B．health
C．development
D．performance
12．A.colourful
B．modern
C．informal
D．used
13. A．patted
B．hit
C．struck
D．pulled
14．A.house
B．overcoat
C．radio
D．brain
15．A.money
B．electricity
C．water
D．gas
16．A.inspiration
B．anger
C．curiosity
D．sponsorship
17．A.to
B．in
C．of
D．about
18．A.imagine
B．believe
C．dream
D．insist
19．A.whenever
B．wherever
C．whichever
D．whatever
20．A.writing
B．printing
C．saying
D．speaking
答案：
解题导语：本文讲述了“我”上高中时，深受Bessie老师的启迪和鼓励，最终实现梦想，成为一名作家的故事。
1．B 解析：然而，Bessie 在教室里很高大。amusing意为“好笑的”；towering意为“高大的”；interesting意为“有趣的”；exciting意为“令人激动的，激动人心的”。根据空格前的“However”的转折可知，此处与前文中的“only about five feet tall”形成对比，故选B项。
2．A 解析：在1938年到1942年期间，“我”在Saint Bernard高中就读，她教会了“我”许多，多于“我”意识到的东西。more than“比……多”，符合语境。故选A项。
3．D 解析：academy意为“学术”；homework意为“作业”；race意为“赛跑，种族”；discipline意为“纪律”。根据下文中的“We didn't dare to trouble a woman who knew about the Battle of Hastings and could also play the piano and __4__ Shakespeare and Milton.”可推知，Bessie很博学，学生们都很佩服她，她的课上从来就没有纪律的问题，故选D项。
4．C 解析：我们不敢找这样一位女士的麻烦，她了解Hastings战役，而且还能够弹钢琴，理解莎士比亚和弥尔顿。make use of意为“利用”；make fun of意为“取笑”；make sense of意为“理解”；make light of 意为“对……等闲视之，轻视”。故选C项。
5．A 解析：Bessie知道我们甚至连台收音机都没有。even意为“甚至”；still意为“仍然”；ever意为“曾经”；yet意为“还，然而”。根据上文中的“Miss Bessie knew that my family couldn't afford to buy a newspaper.”可知，作者家里当时很拮据，收音机对作者家来讲是奢侈品，因此此处表示递进的概念，故选A项。
6．D 解析：她仍然鼓励“我”寻找自己的未来，找一些办法了解世界上正在发生的事情。下文中的“Years later, her encouragement finally led to that lovely day when Miss Bessie dropped me a note __20__”也是提示，老师鼓励“我”去做那些事情，故选D项。
7．B 解析：与下文中的“what's going on in the world”相呼应，老师鼓励“我”通过一些途径去探索自己的未来，不要被自己的家庭条件所限制，故选B项。
8．C 解析：catch up with意为“赶上”；come up with意为“想出”；keep up with意为“跟上；和……保持联系”；put up with意为“容忍”。根据下文中的“read a newspaper”可知，通过报纸人们可以了解到世界上正在发生的事情，与时俱进，从而不落伍，故选C项。
9．A 解析：于是“我”成了一个送报纸的报童。根据语境可知，上、下句表示逻辑上的因果关系，本句是结果，故选A项。
10．B 解析：根据空格后的“but I got to read a newspaper every day”的转折可知，当时“我”去送报的报酬很低，故选B项，merely意为“仅仅”。
11．C 解析：Bessie注意到一些与课堂作业没有关系，却对年轻人的发展至关重要的一些事情。appearance意为“外貌”；health意为“健康”；development意为“发展”； performance意为“表现”。结合下文中的例证可知，Bessie更重视学生的内在发展，故选C项。
12．D 解析：曾经有几个同学嘲笑“我”的旧外套。根据下文中的“that old overcoat”可知，此处选D项，used意为“旧的”。
13．A 解析：当“我”要离开学校时，Bessie拍拍“我”背上的那件旧外套说：“Carl, 永远不要担心你没有的东西。充分利用你所拥有的东西——你的头脑。”pat 意为“轻拍”；hit意为“撞击”；strike“碰撞，击打”；pull“拉，拽”。根据语境可知，老师在安慰作者，故选A项。
14．D 解析：与穿着形成对比，而且是“我”所拥有的，也是老师所看重的应该是人的头脑，故选D项。
15．B 解析：“我”家那个小木屋里还没有电。根据下文中的“a kerosene lamp(煤油灯)”可知，此处应选B项。
16．A 解析：但是由于她的鼓舞，“我”就在煤油灯下花几个小时读莎士比亚的作品。inspiration意为“鼓舞”；anger意为“生气”；curiosity“好奇心”；sponsorship“资助”。根据下文中的“her encouragement”可知，此处选A项。
17．A 解析：Bessie让“我”了解了诗和小说的世界。此处是固定词组搭配：introduce sb. to sth. 意为“使某人初次了解，使尝试”，故选A项。
18．B 解析：她让“我”相信“我”可以写得和莎士比亚一样好。故选B项。
19．D 解析：于是“我”读了Bessie让“我”读的所有的书，并尽力去记住那些她坚持要“我”记住的事情。whatever引导宾语从句，在从句中作宾语。本句是一个省略句，补充完整是：So I read whatever Miss Bessie told me to read，故选D项。
20．C 解析：多年后，她的鼓励最终使“我”有这样的一天。那天Bessie给“我”一张便条，便条上写着：“我很自豪能够在《泰晤士报》上看到你的文章。”报纸或信上写着，经常用动词say或read表示，故选C项。
Ⅴ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2015·开封市高三冲刺模拟)New books and old ones arrived at the British Museum a hundred years ago, and more people came 1.________ (read) them.The old reading rooms were 2.________ (crowd)．The air was bad and readers got terrible headaches.The librarian, Panizzi, wanted poor students, as 3.________ as rich men, to be able to learn.He got a free copy of every new book for the British Museum.Soon, there were three rows 4.________ books on every shelf and hundreds of books on the floor.Something cheerful happened.Panizzi 5.________ (he) designed the famous round Reading Room, with a beautiful high roof and forty kilometers of 6.________ (bookshelf)．Some of the equipment was unusual.Cool air came up through small holes in the tables.Hot air in tubes under the floor kept readers' feet warm.When the new Reading Room opened, there was a party with drinks 7.________ a large breakfast on the desks.You can imagine 8.________ wonderful the new Reading Room is! Since then, many famous men 9.________ (write) there.And the readers can enjoy all kinds of books 10.________ (comfortable) in the new Reading Room.
答案：
解题导语：本文是大不列颠博物馆开放阅览室的传记故事。
1．to read 解析：考查动词不定式。came后跟不定式作目的状语，故填 to read。
2．crowded 解析：考查词性转化。空前是were判断应用形容词形式。故填crowded。
3．well 解析：考查固定搭配。固定短语as well as和……一样，而且。
4．of 解析：考查介词。根据rows和book之间的关系判断填of。
5．himself 解析：考查代词。根据句子的主语Panizzi判断，故填 himself。
6．bookshelves 解析：考查名词复数。根据空前的forty kilometers of，可知应用bookshelf的复数形式。
7．and 解析：考查连词。根据空前后的表语是并列关系，故填 and。
8．how 解析：考查连词。根据空后的wonderful可知应用how引导宾语从句，故填 how。
9．have written 解析：考查时态。根据前文的Since then判断应用现在完成时，故填have written。
10．comfortably 解析：考查副词。根据空前的enjoy判断应用副词修饰故填comfortably。
B卷
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2016·贵州省七校联盟联考)Having experienced a shocking electrical accident，which caused him to become both blind and deaf，James Franco's world became completely dark and quiet for almost ten years.The loss of sight and hearing threw him into such sorrow that he tried a few times to put an end to his life.His family，especially his wife，did their best to tend and comfort him and finally he regained the will to live.
One hot summer afternoon，he was taking a walk with a stick near his house when a thunderstorm started all at once.He stood under a large tree to avoid getting wet，but he was struck by the lightning.Witnesses thought he was dead but he woke up 20 minutes later，lying face down in muddy water.He was trembling badly，but when he opened his eyes，he could hardly believe what he saw: a tree and a muddy road.When Mrs Franco came running up to him，shouting to their neighbors to call for help，he could see her and hear her voice for the first time in nearly ten years.
The news of James regaining his sight and hearing quickly spread and many doctors came to examine him.Most of them said that he regained his sight and hearing from the shock he got from the lightning.However，none of them could give a compelling answer as to why this should happen.The only reasonable explanation given by one doctor was that，since James lost his sight and hearing as a result of a sudden shock，perhaps，the only way for him to regain them was by another sudden shock.
1．The reason why James attempted to kill himself was that________.
A．a terrible electrical accident happened to him
B．he had to live in a dark and silent world
C．he was struck by the lightning once more
D．nobody in the world cared about him
2．What was James doing when he was struck by the lightning?
A．Sheltering from the rain under a tree.
B．Putting an end to his life.
C．Taking a walk with a stick.
D．Lying on the ground.
3．What does the underlined word “compelling” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Wrong. B．Convincing.
C．Unexplained.
D．True.
4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．A Terrible Electrical Accident
B．James Franco and His Wife
C．An Unforgettable Experience
D．What a Sudden Shock!
答案：
解题导语：这是一篇资讯报道，James Franco 经历了一次电击事故后，失明、失聪近十年，但是后来被闪电击中后他奇迹般地恢复了视力和听力。
1．B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The loss of sight and hearing threw him into such sorrow that he tried a few times to put an end to his life.”可知，失去视力和听力导致James Franco生活在黑暗和无声的世界中，这种痛苦导致他几度要自杀，即B项正确。
2．A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“He stood under a large tree to avoid getting wet, but he was struck by the lightning.”可知，James Franco被闪电击中时，他正在树下躲雨。即A项正确。
3．B 解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“However, none of them could give a compelling answer as to why this should happen. The only reasonable explanation...”可知，compelling和reasonable意义相近，画线词所在句的句意为：然而，关于为什么竟然会发生这样的事情，没有人能给出一个令人信服的答案。即B项正确。
4．D 解析：主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了James Franco被闪电袭击之后奇迹般地恢复了视力和听力的故事，故D项作文章标题最合适。
B
(2015·郑州质量预测)In 2015, a report from The New England Journal of Medicine showed that increased body weight is related to the death rate for all cancers.This is based on a study involving about 900,000 people, spanning many years.
The study, started in 1992 by the American Cancer Society, included men and women from all 50 states.The youngest participants were 30 years old, and the average age was 57.By December 2008, 24% of the participants had died, just a quarter of them from cancers.In analyzing the results, researchers attempted to take account of such potential factors as smoking, drinking alcohol, taking aspirin and a wide variety of other factors that might otherwise affect the results.
The results are clear: the more you weigh, the greater your risk of dying of cancer will be (up to 52% higher for men and 62% for women)．In men as well as women, the only cancers that did not have a strong connection with weight were lung cancer and brain cancer.For women, the strongest correlation with weight was uterine cancer (子宫癌), which is 6.5 times higher for women with a BMI (Body Mass Index) of 40 or more.For men, it was liver cancer, which is 4.5 times higher in most obese(肥胖的) men.
Smokers tend to be more successful in keeping weight off than nonsmokers, slightly reducing the risk.But many of them don't have good lungs.Thus, in another way, they also face risks.
As for why extra weight leads to excess cancer death rate, there's no clear agreement.But the decrease in vitamin D in obese people seems a likely factor.Vitamin D is known to have a role in preventing cancer.Also, there is a simple fact that obesity makes the management of cancer more difficult.Although for now there is no simple answer to why obesity increases a person's cancer risk, all we know for certain is that the risk is real.
5.The passage is mainly concerned with the relationship between ________.
A．diet and cancerB．body weight and cancer
C．sex and cancer
D．smoking and cancer
6．The author develops the passage mainly through ________.
A．time order
B．space order
C．analysis and comparison
D．figures and examples
7．The underlined word “spanning” in the first paragraph probably means “________”．
A．lasting B．including
C．happening
D．changing
8．According to the passage, what can we learn about the study?
A．There is a clear explanation concerning why obesity leads to more cancers.
B．Generally speaking, women face fewer risks of dying of cancer than men.
C．Women with a BMI of 40 dying of uterine cancer are more than other women.
D．Smokers are still likely to face risks of dying of cancer though keeping weight off.
答案：
解题导语：本文是一篇科普说明文。研究发现肥胖会增加一个人死于癌症的几率，尽管原因尚不确定，但联系是确实存在的。
5．B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第一句并结合全文内容可知，本文主要说明了肥胖与各种癌症有关系。故选B项。
6．C 解析：推理判断题。本文第一段提出了中心，第二段介绍了研究过程，第三、四、五段通过对比、分析得出了结论。故选C项。
7．A 解析：词义猜测题。“spanning many years”在句中作后置定语，修饰“study”，所以根据第二段可知，这次研究从1992年开始到2008年年底结束，历时17年左右，由此可知，“spanning”的意思是“持续”。故选A项。
8．D 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知，尽管吸烟者比不吸烟者容易减肥，但许多吸烟者的肺有问题，所以也有风险，由此可知，D项正确。
Ⅱ.阅读填空
(2016·山西省四校高三联考)
How to Improve Eyesight Naturally
Eyes are important for everybody.You must take care and try everything in hand to keep them in good condition.Here are some tips to improve your eyesight naturally.
__1__
Strain is known to be a factor in many health conditions and eye strain is no exception.Try meditation，yoga or other methods of stress relief to improve your vision and overall health.
Try palming.
Sit upright in a comfortable chair.__2__ Cup your hands so that there is no pressure on your eyes.Let your fingers rest across your forehead.There should be no light entering your eyes.Palming should be done for a period of 5 to 10 minutes to start.Palming should be relaxing.It may help to do palming in a darkened room.
Avoid sugar as much as possible.
__3__ It will unpleasantly affect your eyesight，which affects the eyes by producing a larger amount of insulin (胰岛素) in the blood.Therefore you shouldn't be having much fruit juice or something that contains a lot of sugar.
Exercise your eyes.
The only exercise most eyes get is daily rubbing when we're tired or suffering from eye strain.But eye exercise is actually good for your eyes and can improve your vision.__4__ Blink as fast as you can for a few seconds，then close your eyes tightly，open and repeat.Do this exercise 3 to 4 times daily.
Eat healthy foods.
You probably hear the statement all the time that eating the right foods is necessary for good health.__5__ Foods that are high in fiber，vitamin C，D and betacarotene as well as other vitamins and minerals can help improve your vision.Here are a few foods that can be beneficial to good vision: carrots，eggs，blueberries，spinach，kale，grapes，and fresh garlic.
A．Reduce eye strain.
B．Keep your eyes moist.
C．Sugar is your eyes' worst enemy.
D．Give your eyes a workout with the following exercise.
E．You may not be aware that your diet affects your vision，but it does.
F．Close your eyes and cover them with the palms of your hands.
G．Be sure to get plenty of sleep so that your eyes don't strain to stay open during the day.
答案：
1－5 AFCDE