情态动词和虚拟语气1.—How did you do in the test?
—Not so well.I ________ much better but I misread the directions for writing.
A．will have done
B．could have done
C．must have done
D．may have done
答案 B [but所表达的是一种含蓄条件，由其后的过去时态可知此处该用“could＋完成时”的虚拟形式。]
2．She quickened her pace in order that she ________ with the others.
A．may catch up
B．might catch up
C．could have caught up
D．might have caught up
答案 B [这是目的状语从句，由主句的过去时态可知此空该用情态动词的过去时。]
3．If it were not for the fact that she ________ sing, I would invite her to the party.
A．couldn't
B．shouldn't
C．can't
D．might not
答案 C [“她不能唱歌”是一客观事实，所以用现在时。]
4．—You didn't wait for Mr.Black last night, did you?
—No, but we ________.He didn't return home at all.A．couldn't have
B．needn't have
C．didn't need to
D．should wait have
答案 C [needn't have done和didn't need to do的区别是：前者是虚拟语气，意为“(过去)本没必要做，但事实上却做了”；后者是陈述语气，意为“(过去)没必要做，事实上也没做”。根据语境，该选C。]
5．Tom hasn't come to work since last Friday.________ he have had an accident？A．Must
B．Should
C．May
D．Can
答案 D [疑问句的推测常可用can，一般不用must / may。]
6．I'll certainly be surprised if he ________ to tell them what he knows.
A．dare
B．will dare
C．dared
D．dares
答案 D [该句中的dare作实义动词而非情态动词，因此有人称和数的变化。]
7．—Tom came to work last Friday, but no one has seen him since.
—________ he have had an accident?
A．Should
B．Must
C．Might
D．Could
答案 D [疑问句的推测常可用could，一般不用must / might。]
8．It was really very dangerous；you ________ him seriously.
A．might have injured
B．might injure
C．must injure
D．need have injured
答案 A [A是虚拟语气，意为：有可能受到严重伤害。]
9．—Mom's gift? She ________ have chosen a better one for me.
—She ________ be very happy to know it.
A．should；must
B．might；wouldn't
C．couldn't；must
D．mustn't；can't
答案 C [第一空：否定推测可用could，一般不用must。第二空：must一般用于肯定推测，意为“一定”。]
10．—________ he have been chosen as captain of the football team?
—Yes, he ________.
A．Can；must have
B．Must；must have
C．Can；must
D．Must；must
答案 A [can表推测可用于疑问句，must不可这么用，即可排除B、D。“must＋完成时”表示对过去的推测，A项中的must have是must have been chosen as captain of the football team的省略。]
11．You ________ use my bike on condition that you give it back to me before I leave here.
A．should
B．must
C．ought to
D．shall
答案 D [shall在这里表示“允诺”。]
12．—Look, John's fallen asleep.
—Oh, he ________ too late last night. A．might sit up
B．should have sat up
C．could sit up
D．must have sat up
答案 D [该句是表示对过去动作的一种肯定推测。]
13．Don't be so anxious about that.Helen ________ a note.
A．may leave
B．should leave
C．might have left
D．can have left
答案 C [C表示对过去动作的一种推测。注：can一般不用于肯定推测，所以D不正确。]
14．It would be impossible for him to leave hospital tomorrow if he ________ first aid when the accident happened.
A．hadn't been given
B．wasn't be given
C．shouldn't be given
D．wouldn't be given
答案 A [与过去事实相反，if从句的谓语常用过去完成时。]
15．Last year's SARS outbreak tells us that a sound public health system ________ be built up and strengthened in our country.A．should
B．can
C．will
D．may
答案 A [这里意为“应该”，所以选A。]
16．Why didn't you make me a telephone call yesterday? I ________ about it.
A．ought to tell
B．ought to have been told
C．might have told
D．might have been told
答案 B [句意为：我本应该被告知此事的。]
17．—Mum, I climbed to get the Teddy Bear from the top of the shelf.
—My goodness! You ________ have hurt yourself.You ________ do that next time.
A．must；mustn't
B．should；can't
C．might；mustn't
D．might；won't be able to
答案 C [第二空表示“禁止”所以只能填mustn't，B、D即可排除。第一空：“must＋完成时”表示对过去的一种推测，意为“一定”。might have hurt yourself的意思是：你有可能伤害了自己。]
18．We ________ last night, but we went to the concert instead.A．must have studied
B．might study
C．should have studied
D．would study
答案 C [该句选C表示本应该学习而实际上未学。]
19．You ________ scold such a pupil who always keeps silent so seriously that you ________ hurt him.
A．should；can
B．may；will
C．mustn't；may
D．can't；must
答案 C [mustn't表示“禁止”，may表示推测。]
20．—Can I go skiing on the mountain, Mum?
—Of course.However, at no time ________ you do so alone.(2010·南昌市高三第二次模拟)
A．must
B．might
C．need
D．could
答案 A [must与at no time连用表示“任何时候都禁止做某事”。]
21．GM, Chrysler and Ford expressed their desire that they ________ in want of a $25 billion government aid to pull through the financial crisis.
A．were
B．would be
C．be
D．ought to be
答案 C [desire后的同位语从句的谓语需用虚拟语气，即“(should)＋动词原形”的形式。]
22．If I ever decided to quit, then nothing my parents or my coaches ________ say ________ change my mind.It's my life, not theirs.A．could；would
B．could；should
C．would；must
D．would；should
答案 A [第二空表示过去将来用would。]
23．—Why! I ________ get you on the phone.
—We ________ basketball on the playground when you phoned.
A．didn't；must be playing
B．couldn't；must be playing
C．couldn't；must have played
D．didn't；must have been playing
答案 D [第二句表示“你打电话时我一定正在操场上打篮球”。故选D。]
24．Recently quite a lot of experts ________ that another law on wildlife protection ________ as soon as possible.
A．suggested；must be passed
B．have suggested；be passed
C．were suggesting；was passed
D．suggested；being passed
答案 B [recently常与现在完成时连用，suggest作“建议”讲，后接宾语从句用虚拟语气。故选B。]
25．—The traffic was so bad.I ________ home by 6 o'clock, otherwise.
—What a pity! Henry was here to see you.A．would be
B．might be
C．could be
D．should have been
答案 D [该句是考查含蓄条件虚拟语气中与过去事实相反的时态选用。]
26．—There's someone outside.Who ________ it be?
—It must be Mary.She promised to come over at 8∶00.
A．must
B．can
C．shall
D．need
答案 B [can在疑问句中表示推测。]
27．Lisa hasn't lived here for long.She ________ know many people.
A．needn't
B．can't
C．shouldn't
D．didn't
答案 B [can在否定句中表示推测，意为“不可能”。]
28．—What's the matter with the man hanging his head there?
—Well，if you ________ know, he was caught stealing my bike.A．must
B．may
C．can
D．shall
答案 A [此处的must意为“硬是，偏要”。]
29．—What's the matter with Peter?
—He was seen crying when he was coming out of the teacher's office.He ________ by the teacher.
A．may be scolded
B．should have been scolded
C．must be scolded
D．must have been scolded
答案 D [D在此表示对过去的一种肯定推测，意为“他肯定被老师责骂过”。]
30．His failure in the experiment suggested that he ________ his teacher's proper instructions.
A．should not have followed
B．should not follow
C．mustn't have followed
D．hadn't followed
答案 D [suggest在此意为“表明”，后接宾语从句用陈述语气。]