2017届高考英语一轮复习《全优课堂》模块知识总复习课件：选修8 unit 3《Inventors and inventions》（新人教版）

　　【举一反三】 “祈使句＋and＋陈述句”可以与if引导的条件状语从句或非谓语动词进行相互转化。 【即时巩固】 句型转换 Go straight and you will see a flower shop at the crossing. ①＝_______ ______ ______ _____， you will see a flower shop at the crossing. ②＝__________ ________， you will see a flower shop at the crossing. 【答案】①If you go straight　②Going straight 2．The patent was given in 1876, but it was not until five days later that Bell sent his first telephone message to his assistant Watson. 贝尔于1876年获得专利证书，但是直到五天后贝尔才发出他的第一个电话信息给他的助手沃特森。 句型提炼： It is/was not until＋被强调部分＋that＋其他 该句用了“not…until…”的强调句结构，此句型中只用until，不用till。主句中的否定词not要提出来，放在until之前一起强调，that后面的从句要用肯定句，不能再用否定句。 【句型剖析】

　　It was not until the professor came that they set about discussing the problem. 直到教授来了，他们才开始讨论这个问题。

　　【易错点津】 not until置于句首时，要用部分倒装句型，这时要注意从句不倒装，只倒装主句。 Not until we pointed out their fault to them did they realize it. 直到我们向他们指出了他们的错误，他们才意识到。

　　【即时巩固】 句型转换 The villagers didn't realize the importance of protecting the river until the fish died out. ①＝It was ________ ________ the fish died out ________ the villagers realized the importance of protecting the river.

　　②＝Not until the fish died out ________ ________ ________ ________ the importance of protecting the river. 【答案】①not until; that　②did the villagers realize (1) bear doing/to do　忍受…… bear sb./sb.'s doing sth.　忍受某人做某事 (2)bear/keep sth.in mind　记住…… bear/keep in mind that…　记住…… (3)bear a heavy burden　肩负重担 bear responsibility/the blame　承担责任/受责备 【知识建构】

　　Late one evening in my cousin's home, I couldn't bear the pain of the bites. 一天深夜，我在表弟家里，难以忍受虫叮蚊咬之苦。

　　I can't bear being laughed at. 我无法忍受遭人嘲笑。 【易错点津】 bear表示忍受时其后可跟doing sth.，表示习惯性动作，也可跟to do sth.表示某一次具体动作，且多与 can, could，be able to连用；作“生产，生育”讲时，有两种过去分词形式：borne指“生产，生育”，而born指出生。前者常用于完成时态，后者常用于被动语态。 【即时巩固】 语法填空 ②_______(bear) a heavy burden, Mr.White works hard every day.He can't bear ③_____(raise) any pets at home.He makes his son keep in mind ④_____ he should bear ⑤_______ (responsible) for his own behavior. 【答案】①to bear　②Bearing　③raising　④that

　　⑤responsibility

　　3．associate vt.联想；联系 【考点激活】 ①Readers will associate themselves closely ________ what happens in the news stories. 读者将会把他们自己和在资讯故事里发生的事情联系起来。(2015江苏) (1)associate…with…　把……和……联系在一起；由……联想到…… be associated with…　和……有关 (2)associate with sb.　与某人交往或常打交道 (3)association　n．联想；联合；交往；协会；团体 in association with…　与……合伙/合作 【知识建构】

　　Some people say that classical music is associated only with old people. 有些人说古典音乐仅与老年人有关。(2017安徽) The first step to making friends is associating with other people. 交朋友的第一步就是要跟他人联系。 【即时巩固】 语法填空 David likes associating ②________ others and making friends with them.He set up ③ _______ association last year where people could exchange anything ④____________(associate) with inventions and inventors freely. 【答案】①with　②with　③an　④associated

　　4．expectation n．预料；期待；期望 【考点激活】 ①Grandma's happiness came from modest _________of life. 奶奶的幸福感来自于对生活的诚挚期望。(2017天津) beyond expectation　料想不到 in expectation of　期待；指望；预料会有 out of one's expectation　出乎某人的意料 against all expectation(s)　与预期相反；出乎意料 come/live up to one's expectations　不负所望 have an expectation that…　期望…… 【知识建构】

　　The increasing speed of flowering is beyond scientists' expectation. 开花的速度增长超过了科学家的预测。 The beauty of the West Lake in spring is beyond our expectation. 西湖的春景要比我们所预想的更加美丽。 【易错点津】 expectation为不可数名词，当其意为“期望的事物；前景”时，常用复数形式。

　　【即时巩固】 语法填空 The football team won the watch, ②_______(live) up to the fans' expectations.The fans waited at the airport in ③____________(expect) of their heroes' arrival.They had an expectation ④___________ the team would win the final match. 【答案】①expectations　②living　③expectation　④that 1．call up 给……打电话；使……回忆起；征召；召集服兵役 【考点激活】 ①The picture on the wall called ________ memories of her childhood. 墙上的照片勾起了她对童年的回忆。 call on/at　拜访(on后跟人；at后跟地点名词) call off　取消；延期 call for　要求；提倡；为……叫喊 call on…to do　号召……做

　　call back　召回；回电话；收回处理 call in　召集；召来；来访 【知识建构】

　　They call on people and the government to take measures to fight against it. 他们呼吁人们和政府采取措施抵制它。(2017天津) Sometimes situations call for us to act bravely even when we don't feel that way. 有时形势要求我们勇敢地行动，即使当我们不那样感觉的时候。 【即时巩固】 语法填空 ②To be a nurse calls ________endurance and patience. ③The flight has been called _________owing to the heavy snow. ④Hardly had I arrived in Beijing when I called ________ my mother.

　　⑤The government calls __________ the citizens to protect the environment. 【答案】①up　②for　③off　④up　⑤on 2．get through 设法联系上(尤指打通电话)；(设法)做完；通过；度过；用完；耗尽 【考点激活】 赏句猜义 ①She found writing helped her get through the rough days.(　) ②He had a lot of paperwork to get through.(　)

　　③I called you up several times but wasn't able to get through.(　) ④Since I got through all the money, I couldn't buy you a gift.(　) go through　通过； 用完； 检查； 完成 look through　浏览；看破；温习 see through　看穿；看透 search through　搜寻； 查找 glance through　浏览 carry sth.through　(常指艰难地)坚持做；完成 put sth.through　完成或达成(计划、方案)

　　【知识建构】

　　【即时巩固】 用方框中短语的适当形式填空 ⑤______________ your test paper before handing in it. ⑥______________ the short passage and tell me the general idea. ⑦The line is busy.I can't ______________. ⑧He is a determined person.He can____________ the tough task.

　　【答案】①度过　②处理；做完　③打通电话　④用光 ⑤Go through　⑥Look/Glance through　⑦get through ⑧carry through

　　3．set about 开始；着手 【考点激活】

　　①After the earthquake, the people set about _______their homes. 地震过后，人们开始重建家园。 set out　出发；启程；(怀着目标)开始工作 set off　出发；使爆炸 set up　建立；创立 be set in　以……为背景 set sth.aside　将某事物放在一边；节省或保留(钱或时间) set sth.down　将某事物记在纸上； 写下来 【知识建构】

　　In recent years, Nepal set out to attract foreign visitors to fund developments in health and education. 近几年，尼泊尔着手吸引外国游客投资于健康和教育方面的发展。 【即时巩固】 用set短语的适当形式填空 ②After supper Mary ____ clearing the table. ③Why not __________ to find the truth behind the mystery? ④ ______________ an hour a day for review purpose and you will make much progress. ⑤______________ a small Midwestern town, the film is worth seeing.

　　【答案】①rebuilding　②set about　③set out　④Set aside　⑤Set in 1．Follow it up, explore all around it, and before you know it, you will have something worth thinking about to occupy your mind. 跟随它， 不断探索， 不知不觉中， 将有值得思考的某些东西占据你的大脑。 句型提炼： 祈使句＋and＋陈述句 本句为“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”的形式，祈使句要使用动词原形。该句型有三种变化形式： (1)“祈使句＋破折号＋陈述句”结构。 (2)“名词短语＋and＋陈述句”(名词短语中通常含有more, another, further, earlier等词)结构。 【句型剖析】

　　(3)“祈使句＋or＋陈述句”结构， or表示“否则； 要不然的话”， or可用or else或otherwise替换。 Think it over—perhaps you will find the answer. 仔细想一想，也许你会找到答案。 Five more minutes, and we will do it better. 再给五分钟，我们会做得更好。 Hurry up, or we will be late. 快点！否则，我们要迟到了。 Unit 3　Inventors and inventions 话题·科学发现 最近中国科学家屠呦呦获得诺贝尔医学奖，令国人振奋。请根据以下信息写一篇英语短文介绍她并谈谈你的感想。 1．1930年12月30日生于浙江宁波，1955年毕业于北京医学院(Beijing Medical College)； 2．中国著名科学家， 致力于中药(Chinese medicine)研究，工作严谨；

　　3．曾对青蒿素(arteannuin)的发现做出了巨大贡献，拯救了很多患疟疾(malaria)的病人的生命； 4．2015年10月5日获得诺贝尔医学奖，成为第一个获得诺贝尔奖的中国女科学家。 5．你的感想。 【晨背范文】 Tu Youyou is a famous Chinese scientist, who was born in Ningbo on December 30, 1930.In 1955, she graduated from Beijing Medical College.Not only has she been devoted to working on Chinese medicine, but also she is strict in her work. Also, she contributed to the discovery of the arteannuin, which has helped to save the lives of a lot of people suffering from malaria.It was because of her great achievements that she won the Nobel Prize for Medicine on October 5, 2015.She became the first Chinese woman scientist to win the Nobel Prize.

　　In my opinion, we should learn from her and study hard now so that we can make contributions to the development of our motherland. ★话题词汇 1．discovery　n．发现 2．fundamental　adj.基础的；根本的；重大的 3．replace　vt.取代 4．be available　可以利用的 5．in the field of　在……的领域 6．revolution　n．革命

　　★话题佳句 1．Undoubtedly, the new discovery is bound to be of great benefit to improving our life quality. 毫无疑问，这项新发现注定会提高我们的生活质量。

　　2．It is with the help of the long­distance educational system that we have improved our learning efficiency. 正是在远程教育系统的帮助下我们已经提高了学习效率。 3．Without the information products, our life would be quite different from what it is now. 没有这些信息产品，我们的生活将和现在大不相同。 Ⅰ.单词速忆 1．______ vt.抓住； 捉住； 夺 2．_______ vt.忍受； 忍耐； 负担 3．______ vt.&vi.轻打； 轻拍； 轻敲 n．轻轻地敲击(声); (水)龙头 4．______ vt.提交； 将……归档 n．文件； 档案； 文件夹 seize

　　bear

　　tap

　　file

　　5．________ n．(水或气)流； 电流 adj.现在的； 当前的 6．_____________ n．能力； 胜任； 本领 7．_______ adj.稳固的； 稳定的； 安定的 8．_____________ adj.被动的； 消极的； 被动语态的 9．_____________ vt.& vi.显示……的差别；使……有所不同；辨别→_____________ adj.卓著的；著名的；高贵的 current competence

　　stable

　　passive distinguish

　　distinguished

　　10．_____________ vi.联想；联系 n．同伴；伙伴→___________ n．联想；联合；协会 11．_____________n．预料；期待；期望→_____________vt.期待；预期；盼望 12．________n．产品→_______v．生产；制造→____________ adj.多产的；富有成效的 13．_____________n．小心；谨慎→_____________ adj.小心的；谨慎的→_____________adv.小心地；谨慎地 associate

　　association expectation

　　expect

　　product

　　produce

　　productive caution

　　cautious

　　cautiously

　　14．_____________n．鉴定；辨认；身份证明→___________ vt.辨别；确认(身份等)→_____________ n．本人；身份 15．_____________ adj.便利的；方便的；就近的→_____________n．方便；便利→_____________adv.便利地；方便地 16．_____________adj.愉快的；高兴的→_____________ adv.愉快地；高兴地 identification

　　identify

　　identity

　　convenient

　　convenience

　　conveniently

　　merry

　　merrily

　　17．_____________ adj.宽大的；仁慈的；慈悲的→_____________n．宽大；仁慈 18．_____________ adj.清白的；无罪的；天真的→_____________ n．天真；清白 19．_____________ adj.突然的；意外的→_____________ adv.突然地；唐突地 merciful

　　mercy

　　innocent

　　innocence

　　abrupt

　　abruptly Ⅱ.短语快译

　　1．_________ 给……打电话；使想起 2．______________ 开始；着手 3．______________ 开始(做) 4．______________ 设法联系上(尤指打通电话)；(设法)做完；通过；度过 5．______________ 回复电话 call up

　　set about

　　set out (to do)

　　get through

　　ring back

　　6．______________ 挂断电话 8．______________ 不挂断；稍等；紧紧握住 9．______________ 迅速把手伸入；一心投入 10．______________ 次序颠倒；发生故障 11．______________ 偶尔；有时 ring off

　　hang on

　　dive into out of order

　　now and then Ⅲ.句式仿写 1．The next morning I got up early before the sun was hot.(before引导的时间状语从句) 仿写：昨天晚上我还未来得及说句话，他就把电话挂断了。 He rang off ______________________ last night. 【答案】before I could say a word 2．Only after you have had that recognition can you say that you are truly an inventor.(“only＋状语”放于句首使用倒装句) 仿写：你只有一心投入你正在做的事情，你才能把它做好。 Only if you dive into what you are doing _________________________ well. 【答案】can you do it 3．Follow it up, explore all around it, and before you know it, you will have something worth thinking about to occupy your mind.(祈使句＋and＋陈述句) 仿写：抓住这次去国外学习的机会，你会大大开阔你的视野。 _________________ you will broaden your horizons a great deal. 【答案】Seize the opportunity to study abroad and Ⅳ.单元语法 过去分词作定语、表语和宾补 用所给动词的适当形式填空

　　1．The travel agent hopes to see the plan _____________ (carry) out next week. 2．The film So Young _____________ (direct) by Zhao Wei was a success. 3．She looked _____________ (disappoint) at the news that she had been turned down. 4．The representative said that he would have someone deliver the _____________ (sign) document to me. 5．His spoken English was so poor that he had difficulty making himself _____________ (understand)． 【答案】1.carried　2.directed　3.disappointed　4.signed 5．understood Ⅴ.教材活用 根据课文内容，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式 When the writer_1.______(call) up her mother in the country on the phone, she learned that snakes came near their house and that they seemed_2.______(make) their home near their house.The writer felt proud and considered _3._____ a chance for her _4._______(distinguish) herself by inventing something _5.______would catch snakes but not harm them. She set about _6.___________(research) the habits of snakes.She decided to cool them so that they could be _7.________ (easy) caught.However, her first two plans were not successful.As a result, she had to attempt a _8.______ (three) time, which helped her fulfill her aim successfully.She was _9._____ delighted that she was determined to send her _10._______ (invent) to the patent office to get recognition for her successful idea.

　　【答案】1.called　2.to have made　3.it　4.to distinguish　5.that　6.researching　7.easily　8.third 9．so　10.invention 1．distinguish vt.& vi.显示……的差别；使……有所不同；辨别 【考点激活】 ①Daniel Anderson, a famous psychologist, believes it's important_____________television's influences on children from those of the family.

　　著名心理学家丹尼尔·安德森认为把电视对孩子的影响和家庭对孩子的影响区分开很重要。(2015广东) (1)distinguish A from B　辨别A与B

　　distinguish between …and …　区分/辨别……和…… distinguish oneself (as …)　(作为……)表现突出 【知识建构】

　　(2)distinguished　adj.卓越的；著名的；杰出的 be distinguished from　不同于…… be distinguished by　以……为特征 be distinguished for　因……而著称 Distinguish between research reports and public health advice. 区别研究报告和公共健康建议。(2017北京) The Chinese nation is distinguished for its diligence and courage. 中华民族以勤劳勇敢著称。

　　【举一反三】 表示“把……区分开”或“与……不同”之意的表达还有： tell…from…；tell…apart；differ from…；be different from；vary from。

　　【即时巩固】 语法填空 Lily and Rose are so alike that it's hard for me to distinguish them ②_________ each other.They are distinguished ③ __________their paintings. 【答案】①to distinguish　②from　③for 2．bear vt.(bore, born/borne)忍受；忍耐；负担；生育 【考点激活】 ①But it is useful __________in mind that all such changes come from the technology and not some imagined desire by parents to keep their children under their wings. 但是记住所有的这些变化源于技术而不是父母想把孩子保护在羽翼下的一些欲望是非常有用的。(2015北京)