第一部分 选修 8 Unit 5
Ⅰ.完形填空
(2016山东潍坊高三一模)
Bill, my friend, had wild hair and wore a Tshirt with holes in it, blue jeans and no shoes.I __1__ once saw Bill wear a pair of shoes.
He became a Christian while attending college.Across the street from the campus was a __2__ full of welldressed, middleclass people.
One day, Bill decided to worship there.He walked into the church, with his wild hair, Tshirt, blue jeans and __3__feet.The church was completely __4__， and the__5__had already begun.Bill started down the aisle (走廊) to find a place to sit.By now the people were looking a bit __6__， but no one said anything.
As Bill __7__closer and closer to the pulpit (圣坛), he realized there were no __8__ seats.So he sat down on the carpet right up __9__. By now, the tension in the air was __10__.
Right about the time Bill took his “seat”，an elderly man began slowly making his way __11__ the aisle.He was in his eighties with silver gray hair.He was a godly man—elegant and dignified.He walked with a stick and，as he neared the boy，church members thought，“How can you expect a man of his age and background to __12__ some college kid on the floor？”
It took a __13__ time for the man to reach the boy.The church was __14__ except for the clicking of his__15__.All eyes were on the__16__.
__17__ then they saw the elderly man __18__ his stick on the floor.With great difficulty，he sat down on the floor next to Bill and worshipped with him.Everyone in the church __19__ up with emotion.When the minister gained control，he told the people，“What I am about to preach(讲道)，you will never remember.What you've just seen，you will never __20__.”
()1.A.seldomB．never
C nearlyD．ever
()2.A.cafeteria B．theatre
C．church D．concert
()3.A.dirtyB．big
C．smelly D．bare
()4.A.decorated B．prepared
C．packed D．organized
()5.A.speechB．service
C．discussion
D．party
()6.A.uncomfortableB．cheerful
C．unfit D．happy
()7.A.satB．ran
C．struggled D．moved
()8.A.cleanB．occupied
C．extraD．empty
()9.A.backB．front
C．inside D．outside
()10.A.falling B．appearing
C．thickening
D．lasting
()11.A.downB．off
C．fromD．across
()12.A.putB．understand
C．fightD．beat
()13.A.boring B．short
C．relaxing D．long
()14.A.silentB．noisy
C．upset D．curious
()15.A.keysB．shoes
C．stick D．watch
()16.A.elderly manB．people
C．boy D．feet
()17.A.SoB．But
C．AndD．Though
()18.A.holdB．push
C．carry D．drop
()19.A.choked B．stood
C．turned D．went
()20.A.remember B．adopt
C．forget D．admire
【主旨大意】本文主要讲述一个叫比尔的朋友，经常不修边幅，光着脚。他上大学时，成了基督徒。一天，他光着脚走进教堂去做礼拜。可是人太多，没有座位。他就坐在前面的地毯上。然后一位老人在众目睽睽之下，费了好大的劲，走到他旁边也坐下，和他一起做礼拜。
1．【答案】B
【解析】根据上文“Bill, my friend, had wild hair and wore a Tshirt with holes in it, blue jeans and no shoes.”可知Bill总是不修边幅，我从没(never)看见过Bill穿鞋。
2．【答案】C
【解析】根据下文“He walked into the church”，可知学校对面有个教堂(church)，而自助餐厅(cafeteria)、剧院(theatre)不合适。
3．【答案】D
【解析】根据上文“wore a Tshirt with holes in it, blue jeans and no shoes”可知Bill是赤脚走进教堂的。dirty意为“脏的”，smelly“有臭味的”，bare“赤裸的”。
4．【答案】C
【解析】根据上文“full of welldressed, middleclass people”可知教堂挤得满满的。decorated意为“装饰了的”，prepared“准备好了的”，packed“塞满的”，organized“有组织的”。
5．【答案】B
【解析】根据下文“When the minister gained control, he told the people，‘What I am about to preach (讲道), you will never remember.’”可知教堂的礼拜仪式要开始了。service意为“服务，礼拜仪式”。
6．【答案】A
【解析】根据上文“Bill started down the aisle to find a place to sit.”可知人们看见Bill的样子不舒服(uncomfortable)。
7．【答案】D
【解析】句意：当Bill一点一点靠近圣坛的时候。struggle意为“挣扎，拼搏”，move“移动”。
8．【答案】D
【解析】根据下文“So he sat down on the carpet”可知，Bill没有看见空位。occupied意为“已被占用的”，extra“额外的”，empty“空的”。
9．【答案】B
【解析】句意：他坐在前面的地毯上。front意为“前面的”。
10．【答案】C
【解析】句意：现在空气中的紧张气氛浓厚了。fall意为“下落”，appear“出现”，thicken“变厚”，last“持续”。
11．【答案】A
【解析】句意：一个老年人开始慢慢地沿着走廊走。down意为“沿着”，off“离开”，from“来自，从”，across“穿过”。
12．【答案】B
【解析】句意：你怎么能指望一个这样年纪，这样背景的老人理解坐在地上的大学生？understand意为“理解”，fight“打架”，beat“敲打，打败”。
13．【答案】D
【解析】根据上文“an elderly man began slowly making his way”可知老人花了很长时间才靠近男孩。long意为“长的”。
14．【答案】A
【解析】根据上文“but no one said anything.”可知，教堂里面是寂静的(silent)。noisy意为“嘈杂的”，upset“忐忑不安的”，curious“好奇的”。
15．【答案】C
【解析】根据上文“He walked with a stick”可知，只有老人的拐杖敲击地面的声音。stick意为“拐杖”。
16．【答案】A
【解析】根据下文“they saw the elderly man”可知，所有的目光都聚集在老人身上。
17．【答案】B
【解析】根据下文“With great difficulty, he sat down on the floor next to Bill”可知，和上文人们认为老人不能理解Bill是转折关系，用but。
18．【答案】D
【解析】根据下文“With great difficulty, he sat down on the floor next to Bill and worshipped with him.”可知，老人将他的拐杖扔在地上，然后坐在Bill的旁边，和他一起做礼拜。
19．【答案】A
【解析】句意：教堂所有的人激动得声音哽咽。choke up with意为“哽咽”。
20．【答案】C
【解析】根据上文“you will never remember.”可知，这里是你们永远不会忘记你们看见的事情。remember意为“记住”，adopt“采用，采纳”，forget“忘记”，admire“钦佩”。
.阅读理解
(2016陕西西安第七十中学11月检测，B)
The predictability(可预见性)of our mortality(死亡) rates is something that has long puzzled social scientists.After all, there is no natural reason why 2,500 people should accidentally shoot themselves each year or why 7,000 should drown or 55,000 die in their cars.No one establishes a fixed number for each type of death.It just happens that they follow a consistent pattern year after year.
A few years ago a Canadian psychologist named Gerald Wilde became interested in this phenomenon.He noticed that mortality rates for violent and accidental deaths throughout the Western world have remained the same throughout the whole of the century, despite all the technological advances and increases in safety standards that have happened in that time.Wilde developed a theory called “risk homeostasis”．According to this theory, people naturally live with a certain level of risk.When something is made safer, people will get around the measure in some way to go back to the original level of danger.If, for instance, they are required to wear seat belts, they will feel safer and thus will drive faster, thereby canceling out(抵消)the benefits that the seat belt provides.It appears that we have an innate(天生的)need for danger.
In all events, it is becoming clearer that the factors influencing our lifespan(寿命) are far more complex than had been previously thought.It now appears that if you wish to live a long life, it isn't simply a matter of eating the right foods, not smoking, driving with care, etc.You must also have the right attitude.Scientists found that people with a suspicious or mistrustful nature die far more often than people with a sunny character.Looking on the bright side, it seems, can add years to your life span.
()1.What
social scientists have long felt puzzled about is why________.
A．the mortality rate can not be predicted
B．the death number remained stable year after year
C．a fixed number for each type of death has not come into being
D．people lost their lives every year for this or that reason
()2.In his research, Gerald Wilde finds that technological advances and increases in safety standards________.
A．have helped solve the problem of so high death rate
B．have accounted for mortality rates in the past century
C．have reduced mortality rates for violent and accidental deaths
D．have achieved no effect in bringing down the number of deaths
()3.According to the theory of “risk homeostasis”， some traffic accidents result from________.
A．our fast driving
B．our innate desire for risk
C．our interest in speeding
D．our ignorance of seat belt benefits
()4.Which of the following may contribute to a longer life span?
A．Smoking once in a while.
B．Showing little trust in the communication.
C．Eating the food low in fat and driving with great care.
D．Developing an optimistic personality and never losing heart.
【主旨大意】文章介绍长期困扰社会科学家的问题是为什么死亡人数年复一年保持稳定，文章分析了各种死亡的原因。
1．【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。本题问的是长期困扰社会科学家的问题是什么。第一段最后一句“It just happens that they follow a consistent pattern year after year”，与选项B“死亡人数年复一年保持稳定”相吻合。
2．【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。本题题干出现在第二段第二句， 意思说： 虽然有技术进步和安全标准的提高，西方世界的暴力和意外死亡率在整个世纪中保持着奇怪的恒定(static)，由此判断，技术进步和安全标准的提高并未降低各种原因的死亡人数，D 项正确。
3．【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。在第二段靠后， 作者先列举交通事故例子， 然后在最后一句得出结论：“It appears that It we have an innate need for danger.”。B项“我们天生的冒险欲望” 符合意思。
4．【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。 从第三段最后一句“Looking on the bright side, it seems, can add years to your life span.”可推知答案为D。
Ⅲ.七选五阅读
(湖南浏阳高三上学期期中三校联考)
Is your back bothering you, and are you wondering how to get rid of your back pain? If the phrase “Ouch, my back！” is a regular part of your life, you're not alone: 65 million Americans suffer from back pain.__1__
1．Stand Better
Standing for long periods can be stressful on your lower back.If you have to stand for work, try placing one foot on a stool or other low objects.__2__ This will help take the pressure off your lower back.Wearing cushioned shoes or standing on a thick rubber mat can also help relieve pressure when you have to stand for long hours.
2．Start to Exercise Gradually
__3__ But if you've been inactive for a while, start slowly.Begin with a lowimpact exercise such as walking, stationary biking, or swimming for about 30 minutes a day.Adding gentle stretching or yoga may also help your muscles.
3．Sit Comfortably
If your job requires you to sit for long periods, make sure your chair has a straight back, an adjustable seat, and armrests.__4__If you need extra support, place a rolled towel behind the lower part of your back.Resting your feet on a low stool can also help ease back pain when sitting.
4．Choose the Best Sleep Position
Sleeping on your side is the most common sleeping position.Placing a small pillow between your knees helps keep the back in a good position.If you must sleep on your back, try using a pillow under your knees.Avoid sleeping on your stomach, as this can make back pain worse.
5．__5__
Carrying extra weight on your body means more work for your lower back muscles.This is especially true if the extra pounds are around your waist.The heavier you are, the more impact there is on your back with each step.Losing weight can also help protect the muscles and joints in your knees and hips.
A．Then change feet every so often.
B．Don't push with straight arms.
C．Your work station can affect your back's health.
D．Keep Your Weight Down
E．Some people prefer more support than others.
F．Here are some ideas for you to prevent the pain.
G．Exercise is a great way to keep your back healthy.
1．【答案】F
【解析】由上文“how to get rid of your back pain？”可以推知下文要提出方法，从下文的五个提议可以得知本空应该填“以下是你可以缓解背痛的方法”。
2．【答案】A
【解析】上文提到脚，只有A符合上下文。
3．【答案】G
【解析】由上面的小标题可以知道逐步做常规的运动，接下来说原因。
4．【答案】E
【解析】由下文“If you need extra support”可以推知。
5．【答案】D
【解析】小标题可以从下面的文章“Losing weight can also help protect the muscles and joints in your knees and hips”归纳出本节主题是减肥。
Ⅳ.语法填空
(2016河北石家庄质检I)
We can always hear voices comparing the education systems in China and the US.It's true that 1.__________exist a lot of differences, but this cannot be an excuse2.__________having a passive attitude toward studying in China.
When I came back from the US last year and continued my senior middle school education in China, I sensed many great differences.I thought that school in China was too hard for _3.__________ (we) students, and that we didn't get to do enough fun exercise except running around playgrounds together.My mom had a long talk with me.After that, I realized that though high school life in China is harder, it can give us _4.__________ (much)．The pressure helps us learn the true meaning of competition _5.__________we step into society.It gives us a strong heart and _6.__________ (teach) us to step forward no matter what the 7.__________ (real)is.It's like climbing a mountain.You might feel dizzy and nervous, but the top is always there 8.__________(wait) for you as long as you are strong enough9.__________(take) one more step.
We complain 10.__________ (main) because we can't see the whole picture.We all need to understand that success takes efforts and tears.
1．【答案】there
【解析】考查there be句型。There exist…是there be句型的变形，意为“存在”。
2．【答案】for
【解析】考查介词。名词excuse后常接介词for，表示“……的借口”。
3．【答案】us
【解析】考查代词。设空处作介词for的宾语，故答案为us。us students(我们学生)作for的宾语。
4．【答案】more
【解析】考查形容词。本空需用比较级形式与前面的harder对应。
5．【答案】before
【解析】考查状语从句。句意：这种压力帮助我们在进入社会前了解竞争的真正意义。
6．【答案】teaches
【解析】考查时态。设空处与gives并列且两个动作为连续动作，故答案为teaches。
7．【答案】reality
【解析】考查名词。设空处为主语，故用real的名词形式，即：reality。
8．【答案】waiting
【解析】考查非谓语动词。主语the top与wait为逻辑上的主动关系，且与is there为同时关系，故答案为waiting。
9．【答案】to take
【解析】考查非谓语动词。“be＋形容词＋enough”后常接带to的不定式作状语。
10．【答案】mainly
【解析】考查副词。句意：我们之所以抱怨，主要是因为我们看不到全局。设空处需用副词修饰because引导的原因状语从句。