课时规范训练
训练(一)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共两节)
第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。
There is a popular belief among parents that schools are no longer interested in spelling.No school I have taught in has ever ignored spelling or considered it unimportant as a basic skill.There are，however，many different ideas about how to teach it，or how much priority it must be given over in general language development and writing ability.The problem is，how to encourage a child to express himself freely and confidently in writing without holding him back with the complexities(复杂性) of spelling?
If spelling becomes the only focus point of his teacher’s interest，clearly a bright child will be likely to “play safe”．He will tend to write only words within his spelling range，choosing to avoid adventurous language.That’s why teachers often encourage the early use of dictionaries and pay attention to content rather than technical ability.
I was once shocked to read on the bottom of a sensitive piece of writing about a personal experience：“This work is terrible! There are far too many spelling errors and your writing is illegible.”It may have been a sharp criticism of the pupil’s technical abilities in writing，but it was also a sad reflection on the teacher who had omitted to read the essay，which contained some beautiful expressions of the child’s deep feelings.The teacher was not wrong to draw attention to the errors，but if his priorities had centered on the child’s ideas，an expression of his disappointment with the presentation would have given the pupil more motivation to seek improvement.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文，属于文化类短文阅读。文章介绍了老师对待拼写不同的看法，如果把拼写放在很重要的地位，就会造成学生只掌握老师让拼写的单词，使学生在词的使用上、自由表达自己的思想感情上受到限制，而不重视拼写又会造成学生在写作文时出现很多的错误。对两种情况加以陈述。
1．Teachers differ in their opinions about
.
A．the difficulties in teaching spelling
B．the necessity of teaching spelling
C．the complexities of the basic writing skills
D．the role of spelling in general language development
解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The problem is，how to encourage a child to express himself freely and confidently in writing without holding him back with the complexities(复杂性) of spelling？”可知，教师们的分歧在于如何进行单词拼写教学，以及拼写教学与培养学生全面的语言能力和写作能力上哪个更具优先考虑权。故选D。
2．The expression “play safe” probably means “
”．
A．to write carefully
学习网B．to avoid using words one is not sure of
C．to do as teachers say
D．to use dictionaries frequently
解析：选B。推理判断题。文中指出如果教师只关注拼写，聪明的孩子很可能会play safe以迎合老师的心理。学生是怎样play safe的呢？第二段中的“He will tend to write only words within his spelling range，choosing to avoid adventurous language.”作了解释，学生就会只使用自己会拼写的单词，而放弃冒险使用一些自己没有把握的单词。故选B。
3．Teachers encourage the use of dictionaries so that
.
A．teachers will have less trouble in correcting mistakes
B．students will have more confidence in writing
C．students will be able to express their ideas more freely
D．students will learn to be independent of teachers
解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“That’s why teachers...technical ability.”可知，教师鼓励学生用字典是为了让他们在表达自己的想法时不再受拼写的限制，因此学生能够更加自由地表达他们的思想。故选C。
4．The major point discussed in the passage is
.
A．the relationship between spelling and content of a composition
B．the importance of developing writing skills
gkxx.comC．the correct way of marking compositions
D．the complexities of spelling
解析：选A。综合理解题。第一段点明对待拼写有两种不同的观点，下文介绍了让学生拼写会限制学生主动使用新的词汇，影响他们表达自己的思想；不让学生拼写就会造成在作文中有很多的拼写错误。故选A项。
第二节 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Friendships can help reduce depression and loneliness as well as enrich lives and improve health.1.
Here are some useful tips that can help to overcome shyness and make new friends.
2．
Many shy people find it really hard to talk to people.However，they need to get over this barrier and learn to talk to people.Start by talking to everyone—neighbors，the girl at the supermarket checkout counter，old people，kids and mums with kids.It's good practice.Whatever the topic is，shy people will find that with more practice，talking to people will become easier.
Work Out and Meet People
Working out is a great way to meet more people.Joggers，cyclists and swimmers often meet others with the same interests and goals around the park，bicycle trail or swimming pool.3.
Sports do make excellent conversation topics.
Overcome Shyness and Make Friends By Volunteering
Volunteering or doing community work can enlarge a person's social network too.Churches，hospitals，nursing homes，schools，women's shelters and community centers often need volunteers and community workers.
Join a Hobby Group to Meet New Friends
There are so many hobby groups that exist，so there's sure to be at least one or two groups that will suit even the shyest person.4.
Many colleges or community centers also offer short courses for some activities.Meeting other people with similar interests often increases the chances of forming great friendships，since you start out with something in common.
Make and Accept Invitations
5．
So invite a new friend to tea or arrange to meet up after the usual hobby group meeting.If someone invites the shy person out to a gathering or event，he or she should readily accept the invitation.
A．Inviting someone to tea or lunch is a sign that the inviter is keen to form some kind of connection with the invitee.
B．Talk More to People to Overcome Shyness
高中学习网 www.gkxx.comC．However，shy people often have a hard time making new friends.
D．While Talking，Listen and Ask Questions
E．A good sense of humor is one of the top things others are looking for.
F．Scan the local newspaper or visit the community center to find out your favorite.
G．Going to the gym or the local community fitness center is another great way to make new friends.
1．解析：选C。上句指出了友谊的益处，本句起到了引出下文的作用，C项意为“但是，害羞的人却很难结交到新朋友”，符合上下文的意思。故选C项。
2．解析：选B。talk为关键词，概括本段内容可知，多和别人交谈，无论谈论的话题是什么，这都有助于害羞的人克服障碍从而结交到新朋友。故B项正确。
3．解析：选G。根据本段中的working out(锻炼)和sports可知答案。G项意为“去体育馆或者本地的健身中心是结交到新朋友的另外一种好方法”。
4．解析：选F。上句提到有很多兴趣小组存在，总有一两种适合最害羞的人，由此可推断出答案，F项意为“浏览当地报纸或者去社区中心看一看，找到你最喜欢的兴趣小组”。
5．解析：选A。本段主旨为“邀请别人也要接受别人的邀请”。空格后面的so表示结果，意为“因此”，由此可得知本句应指出邀请别人的好处。故A项正确。
Ⅱ.完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文的最后各题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。
If you make one close friend in school，you will be the most fortunate.A true friend is someone who stays with you for life.
1
teaches that is right：A good friendship is not easily
2
.
It is possible that we simply do not stay in one place long enough for a
3
friendship to develop.However，there can be
4
disagreement on the need for each of us to think carefully about the kinds of friendship we
5
.
To most of us，
6
is considered very important，but we need to be clear in our
7
about the kinds of friendship we want.Are they to be close or
8
at arm's length？Do we want to
9
ourselves or do we want to walk on the surface？For some people，many friendships on the surface are
10
enough—and that's all right.But at some point，we need to
11
that our expectations are the same as our friends' expectations.The sharing of personal experience
12
our tears as well as our dark dreams is the surest way to deepen friendships.But it
13
be undertaken slowly and carried on only if there are
14
of interest and actions in return.
What are some of the
15
of friendship？The greatest is the attraction to expect too much too soon.Deep relationships
16
time.Another “major difficulty” is the selfishness to think one “possesses” the other，including his time and attention.Similarly，friendships
17
actions in return.In
18
words，you must give as much as you take.Finally there is a question of taking care of the friendship.Unless you spend
19
time together，talking on the phone，and writing letters，friendships will die
20
.
1．A.Knowledge B．Teacher
C．Experience D．Parent
解析：选C。逻辑推理题。由语境可知，“A true friend is someone who stays with you for life.”是由生活经验总结出来的。所以选Experience。
2．A.understood B．formed
C．realized D．produced
解析：选B。背景常识题。友谊(friendship)是form(培养)出来的，而不是understand(理解)，realize(实现)或produce(生产)的。
3．A.true B．common
C．deep D．actual
解析：选A。逻辑推理题。由上文的“A good friendship”可知，此处应是a true friendship“真正的友谊”。
4．A.no B．some
C．any D．none
解析：选A。逻辑推理题。There is no disagreement on...“在……方面是没有分歧的”。
5．A.find B．get
初中学习网C．want D．receive
解析：选C。逻辑推理题。由前文的need可断定这里应该选want，the kinds of friendship we want，“我们所想要的那种友谊”，且下段有提示。
6．A.disagreement B．friendship
C．agreement D．honesty
解析：选B。词汇复现题。全文一直在谈友谊，下文也有暗示。
7．A.hearts B．thoughts
C．actions D．minds
解析：选B。词语辨析题。下面几句列举的都是想法，所以用thought“思想，想法”，指一般概念。mind指“思维，理智，注意力”。
8．A.remained B．left
C．stayed D．kept
解析：选D。词语辨析题。这里表示的是“使友谊保持一定距离(at arm's length)”这一状态，只能用及物动词keep。
www.gkxx.com9．A.own B．owe
C．share D．spare
解析：选C。词汇复现题。根据下文的The sharing of personal experience可知。share ourselves“我们之间相互分享”。
10．A.that B．very
C．not D．quite
解析：选D。逻辑推理题。由下文的“and that's all right”可知，这里要表达的是肯定的意思，quite enough“足够”。
11．A.make sure B．remember
C．expect D．check out
解析：选A。逻辑推理题。由上下文可知，确保(make sure)我们的期望值和朋友的期望值一样是获得友谊的基础。
12．A.and B．or
C．including D．besides
解析：选C。逻辑推理题。including表示包括。
13．A.can B．need
C．will D．must
解析：选D。逻辑推理题。句意：(尽管别人分享自己的经历能加深友谊，)但这一活动必须(must)在对方表现出兴趣或有回报的活动等类似的迹象时才能慢慢进行。
14．A.marks B．sights
C．scenes D．signs
解析：选D。词语辨析题。sign“征兆，迹象”。
15．A.difficulties B．differences
C．advantages D．things
解析：选A。词汇复现题。该部分讲述了发展友谊的两大困难：the attraction to expect too much too soon和the selfishness，也可以从下面的Another “major difficulty”得到启示。
16．A.cost B．spend
C．ask D．take
初中学习网解析：选D。词语辨析题。上文提到发展友谊最大的困难就是期望尽快得到太多的东西，也就是说像友谊这样的深层关系需要时间，take“需要，花费”。spend也可以指花费时间，但主语应是表示人的词语。
17．A.require B．request
C．depend D．suggest
解析：选A。逻辑推理题。上文提到友谊的第二大困难：自私，想占有对方的时间和注意力。因此要发展友谊需要(require)有回报的行动。
18．A.some B．many
C．other D．different
解析：选C。固定搭配题。“you must give as much as you take”是对上句“friendships require actions in return”的解释说明，所以用in other words，意思是“换句话说”。
19．A.enough B．comfortable
C．less D．a lot
www.gkxx.com解析：选A。逻辑推理题。句意：除非你们有足够的时间在一起、打电话、写信，你们的友谊才不会停止。下文所列举的“talking on the phone，and writing letters”需要足够的时间去做，才能使友谊经久不衰。
20．A.for B．away
C．out D．from
解析：选B。词语辨析题。die away事物逐渐消失；慢慢变弱。die for为……而死；die out灭绝；die from死于……，均不符合句意。
Ⅲ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2016·河北衡水市高三联考)I am a student and parttime waitress in Chicago.1.
(grow) up，I was used to phrases such as “Don’t talk to strangers”．As 2.
result，I don’t talk to unknown people at work except taking orders.
One night，a little old man，probably in his eighties，came in.I took his order and went on my way.But I noticed that he came in week after week.Slowly，I began having short conversations with my new guest，3.
name was Mr.Rodgers，but he insisted that I 4.
(call)
him Don.I learned that he and his wife 5.
( go) to dinner and a movie every Saturday.Since she had died，he carried on the tradition alone.I began looking forward to him 6.
( come) in and telling me his movie reviews.
As the 7.
(week) went on I began to sit and really talk with Don.We talked about his wife，his days and his son.8.
( eventual)，we began to talk about my dreams and studies.
Since meeting Don，I have learned that strangers can become friends and that life can be 9.
(much) enjoyable if I engage in friendly conversations.After all，I became more than just his waitress.I became 10.
(he) friend，too.
【解题导语】 作者认为我们应该和陌生人说话。通过与陌生人之间进行意外的友好谈话，我们的人生将会受到非比寻常的影响。
1．Growing。考查非谓语动词。句中逻辑主语为I，与grow up为主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。句意：从小到大，我一直习惯了诸如“别和陌生人说话”这样的话。
2．a。考查冠词。as a result“结果”，为固定短语。句意：结果，我不会和不认识的人说话。
3．whose。考查定语从句。先行词为new guest，在从句中作定语，故用关系代词whose。句意：我与我的新客人开始了一些简短的对话，他叫罗杰斯。
4．call/should call。考查虚拟语气。句中insist“坚持”，后接从句用should ＋ v．原形的虚拟语气，should可以省略。句意：但他坚持让我称他为唐。
5．had gone。考查时态。根据前句可知这里用过去完成时。句意：我了解到他和妻子以前每个周六都会在外共进晚餐，并且一起去看电影。
6．coming。考查短语。look forward to“盼望”，为固定搭配，to为介词。句意：我开始盼望着他来就餐，告诉我他的电影观后感。
7．weeks。考查名词。名词week为可数名词，故用复数形式。句意：时间一周一周地过去，我开始坐下来认真地和唐聊天。
8．Eventually。考查副词。eventually“最后”，注意首字母大写。句意：后来，我们开始谈我的宏图大志、上学。
9．more。考查比较级。这里用比较级。句意：变得更快乐。
10．his。考查代词。名词之前用代词的所有格。句意：我可不只是他的服务员，我成了他的朋友。
Ⅳ.小写作
【写作素材】
1．今天是我上高中的第一天。(Senior High School)
2．我的新学校离我家很远。(far from)
3．新学校很美丽，和以前的学校一点都不像。(nothing like)
4．新学校的面积大约是原来学校的四倍。(倍数＋the＋名词＋of)
5．同学和老师都非常热情友好。(enthusiastic)
6．我期待在这里实现我的梦想。(look forward to)
One possible version：
This is my first day in Senior High School.My new school is far from my home.It is very beautiful，nothing like my previous school.This new school is about four times the size of my previous school.Here teachers and classmates are very enthusiastic and friendly.I am looking forward to realizing my dream here.