【名师点津】 date back to/date from常用于一般现在时；不用于被动语态。常用其现在分词形式作后置定语。 ③My family has some paper money ________ (date)back to the Qing Dynasty.
我家里收藏着一些清代的纸币。 答案 ①from/back to ②out of；up to ③dating 2.relate to把……与……联系起来；理解；同情
[教材原句]How is paper-cutting related to fashion?
剪纸与时装是怎样联系起来的？ (1)be related to 与……有关系 relate...to/with...把……与……联系起来 (2)in/with relation to 与……有关；涉及；与……相比 ①The report seeks to relate the rise in crime ________ an increase in unemployment.
报告想把犯罪增多与失业增加联系起来。 ②The death of this man was ________(relate)to the food which went bad.
这个人的死与变质的食物有关。 ③Women's earnings are still very low in ________(relate)to men's in some countries.
在一些国家女性的收入与男性相比仍然很低。 ④Many parents find it hard to relate ________ their children when they are teenagers.
很多父母感到，当孩子到了十几岁的时候，就很难理解他们了。 答案 ①to/with ②related ③relation ④to 3.try out试用，试验
[教材原句]I was also ready to try out paper-cutting for myself.
我也准备自己尝试剪纸。 try for 谋求，争取；试图获得，力争赢得 try out for 参加……选拔/竞赛 try one's best to do sth 尽某人所能做某事 ①It began when a teacher suggested I try out ________ the basketball team.
这件事始于当一位老师建议我参加篮球队员的选拔的时候。 ②We should ________ to take care of our parents，and make them happy in their later years.
我们应当尽力照顾好我们的父母并使他们晚年幸福。 答案 ①for ②try our best [句 式 透 析] 1.[教材原句]Qi Baishi's style of painting often leaves the audience guessing and makes them use their imagination. 齐白石的绘画作品常给观赏者留出运用想象力解读其内涵的余地。
在leave the audience guessing中，leave之后接复合宾语(宾语＋宾语补足语)，guessing是现在分词作宾语补足语。此结构常称为“leave的复合结构”。此结构含有“听任在某处、使保持某一状态”之意。 leave复合结构的构成： ①He got off the bus hurriedly，________(leave) his umbrella on the bus.
他匆匆忙忙地下了公交车，将雨伞落在了车上。 ②The bad weather left the project half ________(finish). 糟糕的天气使工程只完成了一半。 ③Don't leave me ________(wait)outside too long.
别让我在外面等候太久。 ④What disappoints me is that she leaves me ________(finish)the work by myself.
使我失望的是她让我一个人完成这个工作。 答案 ①leaving ②finished ③waiting ④to finish 【名师点津】 (1)leave＋宾语＋现在分词，其中宾语与宾补之间形成逻辑上的主谓关系。
(2)leave＋宾语＋过去分词，其中宾语与宾补之间形成逻辑上的动宾关系。
(3)leave＋宾语＋不定式，表示尚未发生。 2.[教材原句]To emphasise the woman even more，Chen adds a lot of detail to the fan and the cloth of her dress，and chooses to paint the background behind the woman black. 为了进一步突出这位女子，陈逸飞在她的扇子和衣服的布料上加入了很多细节，并选择黑色作为女子的背景颜色。
to emphasise the woman even more为动词不定式作目的状语，修饰谓语adds。动词不定式作状语时常用来表示谓语动词的目的。 (1)在动词不定式前加上in order (to)，so as (to)等用以表示目的,其区别在于in order to可以位于句首或句中，so as to不能置于句首。 ①______________ keep warm，we shut all the windows. 为了保暖，我们把所有窗户都关上了。 ②I hurried through my work ________________ be in time for the wonderful TV programmes.
我匆匆忙忙地忙完这项工作以便能够赶上精彩的电视节目。
(2)动词不定式还可以作结果状语，一般放在句子后面，且常表示出乎意料的结果。常与only，just等词连用，表示结果。 ③Mr.Green and his wife hurried to the station ________________ that the train had left.
格林先生和他的妻子匆忙赶到车站，结果却被告知火车已开走了。 (3)动词不定式的否定形式是在to前加not。 ④We should set out early ________________ get there late.为了不迟到，我们应该早些出发。 答案 ①In order to ②so as to/in order to ③only to be told ④in order not to/so as not to ❷由“character”想到的 ①VIP(very important person) 重要人物 ②a historical figure 历史人物 ③a heroic figure 英雄人物 ④typical character 典型人物 ⑤a big shot/a somebody 大人物 ⑥a small potato/a nobody 小人物 ❸以-able为后缀的形容词 ①acceptable adj.可接受的；受欢迎的 ②admirable adj.令人钦佩的；值得赞美的 ③available adj.可利用的；可得到的 ④comfortable adj.舒适的；惬意的 ⑤fashionable adj.流行的；时髦的 ⑥valuable adj.有价值的 ❹词汇拓展 ①imagination n.想像；想像力→imagine vt.想像→imaginative adj.富有想像力的 ②pain n.痛苦；疼，痛→painful adj.痛苦的，疼痛的→painfully adv.痛苦地 ③exhibition n.展览会→exhibit vt.展览，显示 ④poetry n.诗(总称)→poem n.诗→poet n.诗人 ⑤elegantly adv.优雅地→elegant adj.优雅的；高雅的 Ⅱ.重点短语→识记·思考·运用 一、补全短语 1.add...________...增添，增加 2.match...________ 使……和……相配 3.sort ________ 有几分地 4.come ________ 出来；出版 5.________ the shape of 以……的形状 6.share ________ sb 与某人共享 7.more ________ 多于；不只是；非常 to with of out
in with than 二、短语填空 *fix one's eyes on；*date back (to)；relate to；try out；hold one's breath；put on；*be deep/lost in thought；come up
1.The question is bound to ______________ at the meeting. 2.The boy lay under the bed，___________________ in case his enemies in the game found him. 3.He showed me all the paper ____________ the matter. come up holding his breath relating to 4.Mr Black likes ____________ his new ideas to invent some useful tools. 5.The stone steps，______________ 1855，are beginning to wear. 6.Bill was sitting in class，but he _________________ the flowers outside. 7.____________________，he was nearly knocked down by a speeding car. 8.You'd better ____________ your coat.It's getting colder. trying out dating back to fixed his eyes on Lost/Deep in thought put on 【联想·积累】 ❶“眼睛动作”种种 ①fix one's eyes on 注视，凝视 ②glance at 扫视 ③glare at 怒目注视；瞪眼 ④stare at 凝视；盯着看 ❷不用被动语态的高频短语清单 ①consist of 由……构成 ②run out 用完 ③date from/date back to 追溯到 ④give out 用尽；精疲力竭 ⑤belong to 属于 ⑥come up 走近 ❸盘点“be＋过去分词＋in”构成的高频短语 ①be absorbed in...专心致志 ②be caught in...被困在…… ③be buried in...埋头于…… ④be occupied in...忙于 ⑤be involved in...专注于…… Ⅲ.经典句式→识记·思考·运用 1.Qi Baishi's style of painting often leaves the audience guessing and makes them use their imagination.(leave sb/sth doing...“让某人/某物处于某种状态”)
齐白石的绘画风格常常给观赏者留出运用想象力解读其内涵的余地。
[仿写]It's very cold，so don't always ___________________.
太冷了，所以别老是开着门。 leave the door open 2.To emphasise the woman even more，Chen adds a lot of detail to the fan and the cloth of her dress，and chooses to paint the background behind the woman black.(不定式作目的状语)
为了进一步突出这位女子，陈逸飞在她的扇子和衣服的布料上加入了很多细节，并选择黑色作为女子的背景颜色。
[仿写]___________________，you need to give all you have and try your best.
为了成为胜利者，你需要竭尽所能，尽最大的努力。 To be a winner 3.*But the house on Mango Street is not the way they described it at all.(the way作先行词)
但是芒果街上的房子根本不是他们所描述的那样。
[仿写]Not everyone likes the humorous way
_______________
__________.
并不是所有的人都喜欢她幽默的主持方式。 program that she hosts the
【联想·积累】 way做先行词的定语从句
(1)当way作先行词，并在定语从句中作状语时，关系词用that或in which或省略。例如： I like the way (in which/that)the teacher gives his lessons.(从句缺少的是状语) (2)从句缺少的是主语、宾语还是状语是确定用关系代词还是关系副词的关键。也就是说要看先行词在定语从句中担任什么成分。例如： This is the way (which/that)he came up with at the meeting.(从句缺少的是宾语) Ⅳ.单元语法→识记·思考·运用 表示时间、地点和动作的介词；定语从句(Ⅰ) 单句语法填空 1.Sorry，I have no time left now.Can we discuss the matter ________ supper? 2.“How could you lose so much money？” John asked his wife，eyeing her angrily from ________ the kitchen table. over across 3.He often stands ________ the fence and talks endlessly with my father about gardening problems. 4.*Reading books，________ takes the reader to other worlds，is a wonderful way to enjoy life. 5.The CCTV program，People Who Moved China，honors those ________ contributions should be remembered. against which whose 【联想·积累】 定语从句中只能使用关系词which不使用that的情况 ❶在非限制性定语从句中只能使用关系词which，不能使用关系词that。 ❷在“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句中，只能使用关系词which，不能使用that。 [单 词 点 睛] 1.pain n.痛苦，疼，痛；劳苦，努力(常用复数)
[高考例句](2017·安徽，阅读B) It has the ability to reduce pain and relax people both mentally and physically. 它有能力减少疼痛而且使人身心放松。 ①Kobe has a pain ________ the back，which makes him painful.
卡比背疼，这让他很痛苦。 (1)(be) in pain 疼痛，在苦恼中 have a pain in the leg/back etc.腿/背等疼 (2)spare no pains (to do sth) 不遗余力，全力以赴(做某事) take pains (to do sth) 尽力，费事，下功夫(做某事) (3)painful adj.疼痛的；痛苦的 ②If you want to make great progress in your English，you should spare no ________ (pain).
如果你想在英语上取得很大进步，你得全力以赴。 ③My ankle is still too ________(pain)to walk on.
我的脚腕还是疼得不能走路。 答案 ①in ②pains ③painful 【名师点津】 pain指精神上的痛苦时为不可数名词；指肉体上的疼痛时，可数、不可数均可；pain表示“努力，辛苦，功夫”时，常用复数形式。 2.typical
adj.典型的，有代表性的
[教材原句]The painting，named Poppy，is a typical example of Chen's style.
这幅名为《罂粟》的画是陈逸飞艺术风格的典型代表。 (1)be typical of/for 是……的特点/典型 It is typical of sb to do sth 做某事是某人的特点/惯常行为 (2)typically adv.典型地 ①The weather at the moment is not typical ________ July. 现在的天气并不是七月份常有的。
②It is typical ________ him to be so merciless.
他一向冷酷无情。 答案 ①of/for ②of 3.ruin vt.毁坏，毁灭；使破产n.毁灭，毁坏；废墟，遗址(常用复数)
[教材原句]The castle was in ruins for 200 years until it was rebuilt in 1932.
这座城堡荒废了近200年，直到1932年才被重新修建。 (1)ruin oneself 自取灭亡
(2)lie/be in ruins 毁坏；严重受损；破败不堪 ①If you're addicted to computer games，you'll ruin ________(you).
玩电脑游戏成瘾，你会毁了自己。 ②The whole city ________ after the earthquake，which made us lying awake all night.
地震之后整个城市成了一片废墟，这使我们彻夜未眠。 答案 ①yourself ②lay in ruins 4.purpose n.目的，意图
[高考例句](2017·安徽，阅读A) Most of our visitors are amazed—and shocked—by the collection of “special purpose”shoes on exhibition here at the Museum of Footwear.
我们的大多数参观者都对在鞋类博物馆里展出的“特殊目的”的鞋子感到惊讶和震惊。 for/with the purpose of...为了……目的 on purpose 故意地 achieve/accomplish/fulfill a purpose 达到目的 ①Jimmy hit his little brother in the eye，but he didn't do it ________ purpose.
杰米打到了他弟弟的眼睛，但他不是故意的。 ②He went to town ________ the purpose of buying a new television.
他进城的目的是买一台新电视机。 答案 ①on ②with/for 【名师点津】 on purpose“故意地”，其反义词组为by chance/accident，表示“偶然地，碰巧地”。 5.mercy n.慈悲，怜悯，同情心
[教材原句]He had no mercy so we had to leave fast.
他一点也不善良，所以我们不得不快点离开。 (1)have (no) mercy on sb 对……(不)同情 show mercy to 对……表示怜悯 at the mercy of sb/sth 任由某人/某事摆布， 在……支配下 out of mercy 出于仁慈 (2) be merciful to 对……仁慈 (3)mercifully adv.幸运地，宽大地；仁慈地 ①Though he is very rich，he shows little mercy ________ the poor.
尽管他非常富有，可他对穷人没有仁慈心。 ②They were lost at sea，________ the mercy of wind and weather.
他们在海上迷失了方向，任凭风和天气的摆布。 ③You have made such a big mistake that you will be severely punished and no one will have mercy ________ you.
你犯了如此严重的错误，会受到严厉的惩罚，没人会怜悯你的。 [熟词生义]④It was a mercy that the whole family survived the earthquake.________ 答案 ①to ②at ③on ④幸运 6.conclusion n.结论；结束
[高考例句](2017·湖北，阅读E)The authors of the study noted that there were limitations to their conclusions.
这项研究的作者指出，他们的结论是有局限性的。 (1)come to/arrive at/reach/draw a conclusion 得出的结论 make a conclusion下结论 in conclusion (＝ to conclude) 最后(一句话) (2)conclude v.推断出；推论出；结束 conclude...with...用……结束…… ①We ________________ that he was against our plan.
我们得出结论他反对我们的计划。 ②________ conclusion，I would like to say how much I have enjoyed myself today.
最后，我想说我今天过得很开心。 ③Let me conclude my speech ________ a saying，“Where there is a will，there is a way.”
让我用一句谚语结束我的演讲：“有志者，事竞成。” 答案 ①came to the conclusion ②In ③with [短 语 点 拨] 1.date back (to)追溯到
[教材原句]Paper cuts of animals have been found in tombs which date back to the time of the Northern and Southern Dynasty! 人们曾经在南北朝时期的墓穴中发现过动物形状的剪纸！ (1)date from (＝ date back to) 追溯到，始于 (2)to date 迄今，到现在为止 up to date 最新式的，现代的 out of date 过时的；过期的 ①Most Chinese people like the fairytale of Cowboy and Weaving girl，which dates ________ Han Dynasty.
大多数中国人都喜欢牛郞和织女的神话传说，这个传说可以追溯到汉朝。 ②The news you told me was ________ date but you thought it was ________ date.
你告诉我的资讯是过时的，但你却认为是最新的。 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 Ⅰ.核心单词→识记·思考·运用 一、单词拼写 1.Teamwork is a key __________ (特征) of the training programme. 2.Could you go into a little more __________ (细节) about it? 3.(2017·重庆，阅读C)Indeed，__________(痛苦) is your body telling you something's wrong，and continuing to exercise could lead to serious injury. feature details pain 4.It was __________ (典型的) of him to get angry about this kind of things. 5.Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ___________(废墟).
6.*We may talk of beautiful things，but beauty itself is __________(抽象的). 7.Some advertisements are so ___________ (优雅地) presented that we are inspired or even moved. typical ruins abstract
elegantly 8.I'm determined to attain my __________(目的) at any cost.
9.__________ (肤浅的) men believe in luck; self-trust is the first secret of success. 10.*(2015·广东，阅读C)Actually，children learn early the psychology of __________ (性格)in TV shows. purpose Shallow characters 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1.(2017·江西，书面表达)_____________ (bathe) in the sunshine，we jumped and cheered with joy. 2.The _____________ (poetry)has not been himself recently.I think he must be worried.
3.(2017·广东，阅读A)The power of ___________ (imagine) need not be reserved for children only. 4.The ___________(relate)between teachers and pupils is not what it used to be. Bathed poet imagination relation 5.These two countries had three ____________(religion)wars in twenty years.
6.Our English course places great ____________(emphasise) on conversational skills.
7.I came to a ____________ that once the price had been agreed a deal was quickly____________ .(conclusion) religious emphasis conclusion concluded 8.My car finally came to a ___________ road，some part of which __________ to only 5 meters in width.At the moment，another car ran in our direction.It was running so fast that it __________ missed hitting mine.How dangerous it was! (narrow) 9.*All the experts ___________ your advice; in other words，they thought your advice was ___________.(valu) 10.I know you are __________，but you should not be always at the __________ of them.(mercy) narrow narrowed narrowly valued valuable merciful mercy 三、开心词场
The artist often emphasises the value of imagination.At an exhibition，I see some abstract works.It's said that their typical features are designed on purpose.I can't understand the details and even the characters on them. 【联想·积累】
❶盘点与“绘画”有关的高频单词 ①abstract n. 抽象画 ②landscape n. 风景画 ③portrait n.肖像画 ④sketch n. 素描 ⑤perspective n. 透视画法 ⑥impressionism n. 印象派